160 lines
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160 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.11967" ID-GBIF-Dataset="623562cc-5d78-4e79-85f2-9933a0980c55" ID-PMC="PMC5523394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-679-37" ID-PubMed="28769706" ID-ZBK="7546E0998D7F491AA8926C1E4052350A" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-679-37" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 679" ModsDocTitle="New and interesting Orthoptera from the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra" checkinTime="1502744654003" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Massa, Bruno" docDate="2017" docId="787F4C155BECF780898A3838C6D06588" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 679: 37-46" docOrigin="ZooKeys 679" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.11967" docTitle="Sphodromerus carapezzanus Massa, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="05EA1E6D-7E89-475A-BEFF-B8FA0AD9DF28" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FFE9FFE2FFB2FFEDFFBC943FDD49FFD1" masterDocTitle="New and interesting Orthoptera from the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1668164535858" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New and interesting Orthoptera from the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Massa, Bruno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>679</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
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<mods:end>46</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.11967</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.11967</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-679-37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">7546E0998D7F491AA8926C1E4052350A</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7546E0998D7F491AA8926C1E4052350A</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132649535" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:05EA1E6D-7E89-475A-BEFF-B8FA0AD9DF28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/787F4C155BECF780898A3838C6D06588" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/05EA1E6D-7E89-475A-BEFF-B8FA0AD9DF28" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus carapezzanus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carapezzanus">Sphodromerus carapezzanus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="40">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 7-12, 13-17
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="41" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
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examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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Oman, Dhofar, Wadi Ayun (680 m)
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.24816">17°14'53.37"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="53.88786">53°53'16.29"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 18.XI.2016, A. Carapezza (1♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype) (BMPC); (1♀ paratype) (MSNG).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus carapezzanus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carapezzanus">Sphodromerus carapezzanus</taxonomicName>
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is very peculiar for its color, brown with tegmina venation being dark and cream spotted. Hind femora with a white base and red outer carinulae, lower genicular lobe white, with the upper part brown, inner face of femora black-reddish, inner tibiae red, outer face of tibiae whitish, spines are black tipped. Carinae of pronotum are distinct in prozona, well visible in metazona.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="42" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Male (Figs 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17). Integument finely rugose. Head hypognathous, frontal ridge flat, punctate with margins diverging gradually. Fastigium of vertex depressed longitudinally, narrow, concave, without median carina, margins evident. Frons vertical, slightly convex. Frontal ridge narrow, flat, with a small depression under ocellus. Eyes oval, longer than subocular groove. Antennae filiform, 24 segmented, barely longer than the head and pronotum together (Fig. 7). Pronotum robust, slightly tectiform, lateral carinae distinct, less in metazona, median carina distinct along its entire length, slightly raised, intersected by anterior and posterior sulci (Figs 7, 9, 11). The posterior margin of pronotum obtuse, anterior rounded (Fig. 11), lateral lobes of pronotum with large dots. Prosternal process subconical, with obtuse apex. Hind femora 2.8 times longer than wide, its maximum width behind the middle (Figs 7, 13). Tegmina abbreviated, as long as 2/3 of the abdomen, but shorter than the hind knee (Figs 7, 13). Mesosternal space is 2 times longer than high. Epiproct elongate, with converging lateral margins, margins basally enlarged (Fig. 16), dorsal surface with three longitudinal furrows. Cerci incurved and stout, which is typical of the genus, they are flat with parallel margins, slightly curved and apically divided into two lobes (Figs 13, 14). Subgenital plate conical. Epiphallus broad, ventro-lateral angles projecting, anchorae short, but evident, lophi absent (Fig. 17), ectophallus with a large sclerite, aedeagus with a slender tip (Fig. 17). Hairs sparse in the body, mainly on the legs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Female (Figs 8, 10, 12, 15). Characters are similar to those of the male, but it is of larger size (see Measurements below), cerci conical, valves of ovipositor short, robust, black-tipped with curved apices (Figs 8, 15).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="affinities">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Affinities.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
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The species is assigned to the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Calliptaminae">Calliptaminae</taxonomicName>
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genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphodromerus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1873, based on modified male cerci with a single apical tooth and robust femora. The majority of species are described on the basis of their coloration, which seems to be unreliable in similar genera (e.g.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Calliptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calliptamus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calliptamus</taxonomicName>
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Serville, 1831) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Uvarov, BP" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="117 - 177" title="Notes on the Orthoptera in the British Museum. 2. The group of Calliptamini." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1922.tb02828.x" volume="48" year="1922">Uvarov 1922</bibRefCitation>
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). Three
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphodromerus</taxonomicName>
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species from the Arabian Peninsula are known to date: (1)
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pantherinus" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="pantherinus">S. pantherinus</taxonomicName>
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Krauss, 1902 from Saudi Arabia, (2)
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. serapis" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="serapis">S. serapis</taxonomicName>
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(Serville, 1838) =
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. scriptipennis" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="scriptipennis">S. scriptipennis</taxonomicName>
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(Walker, 1870) from Arabian Peninsula, and (3)
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. rathjensi" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="rathjensi">S. rathjensi</taxonomicName>
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Uvarov, 1936 from Yemen, represented by two subspecies, the nominotypical and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. r." pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="subspecies" species="r." subspecies="montanus">S. r. montanus</taxonomicName>
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Uvarov, 1943.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pantherinus" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="pantherinus">S. pantherinus</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. serapis" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="serapis">S. serapis</taxonomicName>
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from Sinai (Egypt), with tegmina reaching abdominal apex, head and pronotum with blackish spots, inner face of hind femora red, inner hind tibiae red, with inner spines red, outer whitish.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. scriptipennis" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="scriptipennis">S. scriptipennis</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. serapis" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="serapis">S. serapis</taxonomicName>
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) has tegmina as long as abdomen, hind tibiae yellowish, inner face reddish, with red spines black tipped.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. r." pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="subspecies" species="r." subspecies="rathjensi">S. r. rathjensi</taxonomicName>
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has hind tibiae and inner face of hind femora blackish-purple, while
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. r." pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="subspecies" species="r." subspecies="montanus">S. r. montanus</taxonomicName>
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has these parts pale yellow (see also
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<bibRefCitation author="Ingrisch, S" journalOrPublisher="Esperiana" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="349 - 376" title="Orthopteroid Insects of Yemen." volume="7" year="1999">Ingrisch 1999</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">(in mm). Male. Body length: 23.6; length of pronotum: 4.8; height of pronotum: 5.3; length of tegmina: 11.4; length of hind femur: 12.8; height of hind femur: 4.5. Female. Body length: 28.7-31.9; length of pronotum: 8.3-8.6; height of pronotum: 7.7-8.3; length of tegmina: 16.8-17.9; length of hind femur: 18.6-18.8; height of hind femur: 6.4-6.7.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
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Named for Attilio Carapezza, distinguished Italian heteropterologist, who collected most of the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Caelifera" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="order">Orthoptera</taxonomicName>
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here reported in Oman.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="43" start="start">Habitat</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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Wadi Ayun (Arab = Valley of sources) is a very isolated narrow strip of green in an otherwise parched region; at the bottom there are deep pools of flowing blue-green water around sedges and grasses. A rocky desert surrounds it for dozens of kilometers (Fig. 18). Specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus carapezzanus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carapezzanus">Sphodromerus carapezzanus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. were collected on the ground ca. 200-300 m away from the water.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="44" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
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7-12.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus carapezzanus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carapezzanus">Sphodromerus carapezzanus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: 7 habitus of male 8 habitus of female 9 lateral view of head and pronotum of male 10 lateral view of head and pronotum of female 11 dorsal view of head and pronotum of male 12 dorsal view of head and pronotum of female.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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Figures 13-17.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus carapezzanus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carapezzanus">Sphodromerus carapezzanus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: 13 particular of hind femur and last abdominal segments of male 14 left cercus 15 detail of hind femur and last abdominal segments of female 16 dorsal view of last tergites and epiproct of male 17 dorsal view of phallic complex.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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Figure 18. The habitat at Wadi Ayun (Dhofar, Oman) where
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Sphodromerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromerus carapezzanus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carapezzanus">Sphodromerus carapezzanus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. was collected (photo by A. Carapezza).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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