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<document id="5315D71FD0F700418586B3A24F97F242" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4991.3.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5042522" ID-ZooBank="842EA450-A680-4D5D-9723-C1D7CCE13E5D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1624987574070" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vasanth, M., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. &amp; Sinha, Bikramjit" docDate="2021" docId="039D87CCFFABFF8EFF56FE2DFBB468A8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4991.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4991 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi Sivaruban, Venkataraman &amp; Sivaramakrishnan 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="513" masterDocId="FFA4FFB4FFA5FF80FFC1FFF6FFD26F53" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the study of Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from India" masterLastPageNumber="522" masterPageNumber="499" pageNumber="513" updateTime="1698978689892" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E257144098A5D00B8B185FB9E7C17F9B">Contribution to the study of Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0F4C53C1DFC713C196B1DCB824C3FAA8">Vasanth, M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="685C487415EDA0416878879612FB4BC9">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai- 600028, India. &amp; University of Madras, Chepauk, Chennai- 600005. &amp; vasan 071994 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4446 - 4889</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EFBBDACC0B34FD96B309D3A9BCBE4881">Selvakumar, C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2D4D480A69EED0FAD53915BA78727D2B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4296-5682</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C2C3EE93CA63CBAF5BFE9BBB7053AF7A">Department of Zoology, The Madura College (Autonomous), Madurai- 625011, Tamil Nadu. &amp; selvaaa 06 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4296 - 5682</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EDC3F6B1C4A73C1A5761C6B5E71761FE" type="email">selvaaa06@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="26413A596A497EE355A62C0A5276F205">Subramanian, K. A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BF03EE25E4F8F442C0007D87A573B67F">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai- 600028, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1924E7184C5C74E2406F7CA1DC77954C">Sivaramakrishnan, K. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="919784211BA424F943D1A47EAEC4928D">Flat No 3, Door No 7, Gokulam Apartment, Gokulam Colony, West Mambalam, Chennai- 600 033, India. &amp; kgskrishnan @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6332 - 0349</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="024C7D851426E0128FBDAEA5C7E87A68">Sinha, Bikramjit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA677DE9D67B5232A40276FAAA86E4BE">Zoological Survey of India, Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre, Senki Valley, Itanagar- 791113, Arunachal Pradesh, India. &amp; sinhabj @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9904 - 4964</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="3C49DF3FF8134F4D1DEBC47B711160E6">2021</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFABFF8EFF56FE2DFBAD6EA7" authority="Sivaruban, Venkataraman &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, 2013" authorityName="Sivaruban, Venkataraman &amp; Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,1151,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersi" subGenus="Epeorus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF56FE2DFBAD6EA7" bold="true" box="[151,1151,474,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF56FE2DFF2E6EA6" bold="true" box="[151,252,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Epeorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFECCFE2DFEA06EA6" bold="true" box="[269,370,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Epeorus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFE45FE2CFE066EA7" bold="true" box="[388,468,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">petersi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B2BFFABFF8EFE1AFE2CFBAD6EA7" author="Sivaruban, T. &amp; Bharathy, S. &amp; Arunachalam, M. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." box="[475,1151,474,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" pagination="391 - 394" refId="ref10952" refString="Sivaruban, T., Bharathy, S., Arunachalam, M., Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (2013) Epeorus petersi, a new species of Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera) from the Western Ghats of southern India. Zootaxa, 3731 (3), 391 - 394. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3731.3.9" type="journal article" year="2013">Sivaruban, Venkataraman &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF56FE08FEE76D4A" blockId="14.[151,1151,474,537]" box="[151,309,510,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
(
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFF5EFE08FEFF6D4A" box="[159,301,510,537]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 85–91" captionStart-1="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId-0="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." captionText-1="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Figs 85–101</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFABFF8EFF56FDB7FC4E6988" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF56FDB7FE596D08" bold="true" box="[151,395,577,603]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Material examined:</emphasis>
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kovil,
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<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFC31FD7FFBE96DF0" box="[1008,1083,649,675]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7299999999999995" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="473.0">
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<collectionCode id="ED25AE1FFFABFF8EFB3EFD7FFAC76DF0" box="[1279,1301,649,675]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">R</collectionCode>
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<location id="8EEB6001FFABFF8EFCA1FD5BFBDC6D94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFABFF8EFF56FE2DFBB468A8:8EEB6001FFABFF8EFCA1FD5BFBDC6D94" box="[864,1038,685,711]" country="India" county="Nilgris" latitude="11.26603" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="76.56274" municipality="Avalanchi" name="Upper Bhavani" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Upper Bhavani</location>
,
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,
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,
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,
<date id="FF8A101AFFABFF8EFF56FD27FECB6DB8" box="[151,281,721,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-12-13">
<collectingDate id="EFCEE9F2FFABFF8EFF56FD27FECB6DB8" box="[151,281,721,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-12-13">13.xii.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFABFF8EFE9FFD27FE296DB8" box="[350,507,721,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">S. Prabakaran</collectorName>
[ZSI/
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/ I/E-233]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5C3C87FFABFF8EFD30FD27FA506C5C" collectingDate="2016-12-11" collectionCode="SRC" collectorName="S. Prabakaran" country="India" county="Nilgris" elevation="2302" latitude="11.33476" location="Western" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="76.54975" municipality="Mukurthi" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" specimenCount="20" specimenCount-larva="20" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
<specimenCount id="9D32FD53FFABFF8EFD30FD27FC8E6DB8" box="[753,860,721,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="larva">20 larvae</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFCA9FD27FC3D6DB8" box="[872,1007,721,747]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62EA4E56FFABFF8EFC3DFD27FB9F6DB8" box="[1020,1101,721,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Nilgris</collectingCounty>
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<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFABFF8EFB99FD27FB556DB8" authorityName="Eaton" authorityYear="1883" box="[1112,1159,721,747]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Iron</taxonomicName>
bridge,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEFACA0FFABFF8EFB24FD27FA9D6DB8" box="[1253,1359,721,747]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Mukurthi</collectingMunicipality>
range,
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chatment beat,
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,
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<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFD0CFD03FCF46C5C" box="[717,806,757,783]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.302" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="2302.0">
<elevation id="0019D1E9FFABFF8EFD0CFD03FCF46C5C" box="[717,806,757,783]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.302" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="2302.0">2302 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFCEE9F2FFABFF8EFCF2FD03FC616C5C" box="[819,947,757,783]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-12-11">11.xii.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFABFF8EFC3BFD03FB456C5C" box="[1018,1175,757,783]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">S. Prabakaran</collectorName>
[ZSI/
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/ I/E-236]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5C3C87FFABFF8EFA4FFD03FE6E6C04" collectingDate="2016-03-23" collectionCode="R, SRC" collectorName="Babu" country="India" county="Coimbatore" latitude="10.451726" location="Thirumoorthy falls" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.151695" municipality="Udumalpet" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-larva="5" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
<specimenCount id="9D32FD53FFABFF8EFA4FFD03FF0C6C60" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFF2BFCEFFEA06C60" box="[234,370,793,819]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62EA4E56FFABFF8EFEBFFCEFFDD76C60" box="[382,517,793,819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Coimbatore</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEFACA0FFABFF8EFDD0FCEFFD426C60" box="[529,656,793,819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Udumalpet</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="8EEB6001FFABFF8EFD5DFCEFFCA66C60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFABFF8EFF56FE2DFBB468A8:8EEB6001FFABFF8EFD5DFCEFFCA66C60" box="[668,884,793,819]" country="India" county="Coimbatore" latitude="10.451726" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.151695" municipality="Udumalpet" name="Thirumoorthy falls" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Thirumoorthy falls</location>
,
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,
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,
<date id="FF8A101AFFABFF8EFB00FCEFFAEF6C60" box="[1217,1341,793,819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-03-23">
<collectingDate id="EFCEE9F2FFABFF8EFB00FCEFFAEF6C60" box="[1217,1341,793,819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-03-23">23.iii.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectionCode id="ED25AE1FFFABFF8EFA42FCEFFA4B6C60" box="[1411,1433,793,819]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFABFF8EFF56FCCBFF006C04" box="[151,210,829,855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Babu</collectorName>
[ZSI/
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/ I/E-259]
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;
<materialsCitation id="3B5C3C87FFABFF8EFE09FCCBFC466C28" collectingDate="2016-03-23" collectionCode="R, SRC" collectorName="Babu" country="India" county="Coimbatore" elevation="1044" latitude="10.451726" location="Chinkona" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="76.96914" municipality="Periyakallar" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-larva="9" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
<specimenCount id="9D32FD53FFABFF8EFE09FCCBFDF76C04" box="[456,549,829,855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="larva">9 larvae</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFDF1FCCBFD6A6C04" box="[560,696,829,855]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEFACA0FFABFF8EFC96FCCBFC326C04" box="[855,992,829,855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Periyakallar</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EEB6001FFABFF8EFC2DFCCBFB8E6C04" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFABFF8EFF56FE2DFBB468A8:8EEB6001FFABFF8EFC2DFCCBFB8E6C04" box="[1004,1116,829,855]" country="India" county="Coimbatore" latitude="10.451726" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="76.96914" municipality="Periyakallar" name="Chinkona" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Chinkona</location>
,
<location id="8EEB6001FFABFF8EFBA9FCCBFB256C04" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFABFF8EFF56FE2DFBB468A8:8EEB6001FFABFF8EFBA9FCCBFB256C04" box="[1128,1271,829,855]" country="India" county="Coimbatore" latitude="10.451726" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="76.96914" municipality="Periyakallar" name="Manampally" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Manampally</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE00501DFFABFF8EFAC3FCCBFA4A6C04" box="[1282,1432,829,856]" degrees="10.451726" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" precision="1" value="10.451726">10.451726 N</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFEF2FC97FE5B6C28" box="[307,393,865,891]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.044" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="1044.0">
<elevation id="0019D1E9FFABFF8EFEF2FC97FE5B6C28" box="[307,393,865,891]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.044" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="1044.0">1044 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="FF8A101AFFABFF8EFE55FC97FDC26C28" box="[404,528,865,891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-03-23">
<collectingDate id="EFCEE9F2FFABFF8EFE55FC97FDC26C28" box="[404,528,865,891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-03-23">23.iii.2016</collectingDate>
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, coll.
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.
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFABFF8EFDB3FC97FD7F6C28" box="[626,685,865,891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Babu</collectorName>
[ZSI/
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/ I/E-263]
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;
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<specimenCount id="9D32FD53FFABFF8EFC5EFC97FBDA6C28" box="[927,1032,865,891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFBD3FC97FB4A6C28" box="[1042,1176,865,891]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62EA4E56FFABFF8EFB62FC97FB236C28" box="[1187,1265,865,891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Nilgiri</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEFACA0FFABFF8EFB3AFC97FA836C28" box="[1275,1361,865,891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Singara</collectingMunicipality>
range,
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,
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,
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,
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFDB2FC73FD6E6CCC" box="[627,700,901,927]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.309999999999999" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="931.0">
<elevation id="0019D1E9FFABFF8EFDB2FC73FD6E6CCC" box="[627,700,901,927]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.309999999999999" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="m" value="931.0">931 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="FF8A101AFFABFF8EFD09FC73FC936CCC" box="[712,833,901,927]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-04-02">
<collectingDate id="EFCEE9F2FFABFF8EFD09FC73FC936CCC" box="[712,833,901,927]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" value="2016-04-02">02.iv.2016</collectingDate>
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, coll.
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.
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFABFF8EFC64FC73FC326CCC" box="[933,992,901,927]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Babu</collectorName>
[ZSI/
<collectionCode id="ED25AE1FFFABFF8EFBE1FC73FB876CCC" box="[1056,1109,901,927]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">SRC</collectionCode>
/ I/E-268]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF56FC5FFF166CBB" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
Description: Mature larva: Body generally brown; body length
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFCB2FC5FFC1A6C90" box="[883,968,937,963]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
; length of caudal filaments
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFACAFC5FFA8F6C90" box="[1291,1373,937,964]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFAAEFC5FFF646CBB" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF06FC07FE716A54" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06FC07FEC26B58" bold="true" box="[199,272,1009,1035]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Head:</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFEACFC07FE166B58" box="[365,452,1009,1035]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFABFF8EFDD7FC07FDBC6B58" box="[534,622,1009,1036]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
; yellowish brown; subquadrangular; anterior and lateral margins convex, with rows of dense hair-like setae directed anteriorly; posterior margin slightly concave. Compound eyes black. Antennae small, antennal scape, pedicels and flagellum yellowish brown. Labrum wide, dark brown, anterior margin with 11–12 denticles, middle of labrum slightly cleft with long hair-like setae laterally (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFBA3FBABFB676B24" box="[1122,1205,1117,1143]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
). Hypopharynx as in
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFF56FB77FF386BC8" box="[151,234,1153,1179]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
. Mandibles with scattered setae along the molar area; inner incisors poorly developed; outer incisor longer than inner incisor (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFEA9FB53FE396BEC" box="[360,491,1189,1215]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Figs 90–91</figureCitation>
). Maxilla as in
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFD54FB53FD356BEC" box="[661,743,1189,1215]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
. Labium broad; glossae with V-shaped separation, subtriangular; paraglossae slightly expanded laterally; apical segment of palp acutely pointed, dorsal surface with dense row of comb setae (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFE83FB1BFE446A54" box="[322,406,1261,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 93</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF06FAE7FD796AE8" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06FAE7FEFB6A78" bold="true" box="[199,297,1297,1323]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Thorax:</emphasis>
Pronotum yellowish brown; mesonotum yellowish brown with each a paramedian pair of brown dark- er spots anteriorly and a pair of of lateroparapsidal sutures inside curved streaks posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFB78FAC3FADC6A03" box="[1209,1294,1333,1360]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
). Legs (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFAABFAC3FF306A20" captionStart="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Figs 94–97</figureCitation>
): yellowish brown; femora with distinct visible patches, hypodermal spot on dorsal surface; dense row of long setae on outer margin; scattered stout setae on dorsal surface (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFC4CFA8BFC336ACB" box="[909,993,1405,1432]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 95</figureCitation>
); outer margin of tibia with dense hairlike long setae. Claw with 4 denticles (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFD8BFA57FD4C6AE8" box="[586,670,1441,1467]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF06FA33FD6169E4" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06FA33FE976A8C" bold="true" box="[199,325,1477,1503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Abdominal terga yellowish brown, a median dark brown line on segments III–IX, and a row of spines on posterior margin of segment I–X, terga III–X with pair of submedian larger spines on posterior margin medially (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFEC6F9FBFE5B697B" box="[263,393,1549,1576]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Figs 85–86</figureCitation>
); posterolateral spines on abdominal segment II–VII, progressively longer and curved inwards posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFEE1F9C7FEA16918" box="[288,371,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
); sterna light yellowish without markings but partially visible muscle impressions. Lamellae of gills pale, posterior edge of the lamellate portion of gill 1 bluntly pointed (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFC06F9A3FBC8693C" box="[967,1050,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
). Gills II–VII with anal ribs arched (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFF5EF98FFE9269C0" box="[159,320,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–101" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[169,1419,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 92–101. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 92. Maxilla; 93. Labium; 94.Foreleg; 95. Dorsal surface of femur; 96. Midleg; 97. Hindleg; 98. Claw; 99. Gill I; 100. Gill III; 101. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042554/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Figs 100–101</figureCitation>
); gill faces with exception of marginal parts reddish tinged, tracheae of gills branched. Cerci long, dark brown, with row of hair-like setae dorsally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF06F937FC4E6988" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" box="[199,924,1729,1755]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06F937FEC76988" bold="true" box="[199,277,1729,1755]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Adult:</emphasis>
Detailed description provided by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B2BFFABFF8EFD52F937FC4A6988" author="Sivaruban, T. &amp; Bharathy, S. &amp; Arunachalam, M. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." box="[659,920,1729,1755]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" pagination="391 - 394" refId="ref10952" refString="Sivaruban, T., Bharathy, S., Arunachalam, M., Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (2013) Epeorus petersi, a new species of Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera) from the Western Ghats of southern India. Zootaxa, 3731 (3), 391 - 394. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3731.3.9" type="journal article" year="2013">
Sivaruban
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFCCAF934FCEF6988" box="[779,829,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFABFF8EFF06F913FD6868DC" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF06F913FD6868DC" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06F913FE9669AC" bold="true" box="[199,324,1765,1791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFABFF8EFE8DF910FE7B69AC" authorityName="Eaton" authorityYear="1881" box="[332,425,1766,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFE8DF910FE7B69AC" box="[332,425,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Epeorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFABFF8EFE73F913FDE369AC" authorityName="Sivaruban, Venkataraman &amp; Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="2013" box="[434,561,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersi" subGenus="Epeorus">
(
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFE7AF910FE1E69AC" box="[443,460,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">E</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFE24F910FDE369AC" box="[485,561,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other species of this genus by the following combination of characters: in larva: (i) median line on terga III–IX; (ii) a row of spines on posterior margin of segment I–X, terga III–X with two submedian large spines on posterior margin medially (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFBF7F8DBFB69681B" box="[1078,1211,1837,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Figs 85–86</figureCitation>
); (iii) posterolateral spines on abdominal segment II–VII, progressively longer and bent inwards posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFBBCF8A7FB026838" box="[1149,1232,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
); and (iv) anterior margin of labrum with 11–12 denticles (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFABFF8EFD98F883FD7F68DC" box="[601,685,1909,1935]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–91" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,183,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 85–91. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) petersi 85. Dorsal view; 86. Abdomen dorsal view; 87. Posterolateral margins; 88. Labrum; 89. Hypopharynx; 90. Left mandible; 91. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042552/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFABFF8EFF06F86FFC9968E7" box="[199,843,1945,1972]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF06F86FFC9968E7" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" box="[199,843,1945,1972]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06F86FFEB168E0" bold="true" box="[199,355,1945,1971]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFABFF8EFEABF86FFE7668E0" box="[362,420,1945,1971]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFE73F86FFDF868E0" box="[434,554,1945,1971]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFDF4F86FFD5268E0" box="[565,640,1945,1971]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Kerala</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFD74F86FFCED68E7" box="[693,831,1945,1972]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFABFF8EFF06F84BFBB468A8" pageId="14" pageNumber="513" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFABFF8EFF06F84BFBB468A8" blockId="14.[151,1437,577,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06F84BFEEF6884" bold="true" box="[199,317,1981,2007]" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Remarks:</emphasis>
The larva and adult of this species were described from Kumbakkarai (
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFABFF8EFB8FF84BFB05688B" box="[1102,1239,1981,2008]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFABFF8EFB28F84BFAF16884" box="[1257,1315,1981,2007]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">India</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B2BFFABFF8EFA8BF84BFE8168A8" author="Sivaruban, T. &amp; Bharathy, S. &amp; Arunachalam, M. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." pageId="14" pageNumber="513" pagination="391 - 394" refId="ref10952" refString="Sivaruban, T., Bharathy, S., Arunachalam, M., Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (2013) Epeorus petersi, a new species of Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera) from the Western Ghats of southern India. Zootaxa, 3731 (3), 391 - 394. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3731.3.9" type="journal article" year="2013">
Sivaruban
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFABFF8EFF06F814FF2A68A8" box="[199,248,2017,2043]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="513">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
; we provide a supplementary larval description based on our material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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