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<mods:title id= "59B3A4CF394E889F2C38823A86A54E4C" > Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id= "187DCA8428613FACF6D4E4216A0D8A9E" > Sekerka, Lukáš</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id= "677FCF20FFFBFFD0FE71FF3AFC83FB92" ID-DOI= "http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6450014" ID-GBIF-Taxon= "194566179" ID-Zenodo-Dep= "6450014" LSID= "urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:677FCF20FFFBFFD0FE71FF3AFC83FB92" httpUri= "http://treatment.plazi.org/id/677FCF20FFFBFFD0FE71FF3AFC83FB92" lastPageNumber= "308" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" >
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<heading id= "B421C95AFFFBFFD0FE71FF3AFC9BFF43" box= "[397,805,220,243]" centered= "true" fontSize= "8" level= "2" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" reason= "5" >
Tribe
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FE30FF3AFC9BFF43" ID-CoL= "KWQ" authority= "Chapuis, 1875" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[460,805,220,243]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini Chapuis, 1875</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id= "A7CC2DBDFFFBFFD0FF8DFEEDFC83FB92" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" type= "discussion" >
<paragraph id= "EF697E36FFFBFFD0FF8DFEEDFCFAFD92" blockId= "33.[113,1089,267,1058]" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" >
<emphasis id= "DDA2A224FFFBFFD0FF8DFEEDFF5EFE92" bold= "true" box= "[113,224,267,290]" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" > Remarks.</emphasis>
This tribe is assemblage of three groups previously considered as distinct tribes: Asterizini,
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FF11FECDFE16FEF2" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[237,424,299,322]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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and
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FE18FECDFDD7FEF2" authorityName= "Spaeth" authorityYear= "1942" box= "[484,617,299,322]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Physonotini" > Physonotini</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id= "8B4703C7FFFBFFD0FD8AFECDFC8DFEF2" author= "BOROWIEC" box= "[630,819,299,322]" firstAuthor= "BOROWIEC" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" pagination= "541 - 558" refId= "ref48083" refString= "BOROWIEC L. 1995: Tribal classification of the cassidoid Hispinae. Pp. 541 - 558. In: PAKALUK J & SLIPINSKI S. A. (eds): Biology, Phylogeny and Classification of Coleoptera. Papers Celebrating the 80 th Birthday of Roy A. Crowson. Volume 1. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, Warszawa, xii + 558 pp." type= "book chapter" year= "1995" > BOROWIEC (1995)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that all three should be united because of lack of synapomorphies based on adult characters and used the name
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FF4EFE8DFED4FE32" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[178,362,363,386]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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as the valid name.
<bibRefCitation id= "8B4703C7FFFBFFD0FDC6FE8DFD43FE32" author= "BOROWIEC" box= "[570,765,363,386]" firstAuthor= "BOROWIEC" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" refId= "ref48283" refString= "BOROWIEC L. 1999 a: A world catalogue of the Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Biologica Silesiae, Wroclaw, 476 pp." type= "book" year= "1999" yearSuffix= "a" > BOROWIEC (1999a)</bibRefCitation>
also considered the three taxa synonymous, however, used
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FE5BFE6DFD98FE12" authorityName= "Spaeth" authorityYear= "1942" box= "[423,550,395,418]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Physonotini" > Physonotini</taxonomicName>
as the valid name because
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FCB2FE6DFBB8FE12" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[846,1030,395,418]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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were based on a genus that was a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FDA9FE4DFCF0FE72" authority= "Gistel, 1834" authorityName= "Gistel" authorityYear= "1834" box= "[597,846,427,450]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" genus= "Eurypedus" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "DDA2A224FFFBFFD0FDA9FE4DFD78FE72" box= "[597,710,427,450]" italics= "true" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" > Eurypedus</emphasis>
Gistel, 1834
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FC3EFE4DFF45FE52" authority= "Spaeth, 1942" authorityName= "Spaeth" authorityYear= "1942" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Physonotini" >
Physonotini
<bibRefCitation id= "8B4703C7FFFBFFD0FF8DFE2DFF45FE52" author= "Spaeth" box= "[113,251,459,482]" firstAuthor= "Spaeth" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" pagination= "11 - 43" refId= "ref51435" refString= "SPAETH F. 1942: Cassidinae (Col. Chrysom.). Pp. 11 - 43. In: TITSCHACK E. (ed.): Beitrage zur Fauna Perus. Nach der Ausbeute der Hamburger Sudperu-Expedition 1936, anderer Sammlungen, wie auch auf Grund von Literaturangaben. Band II. Lief. 1. Conradt Behne, Hamburg." type= "book chapter" year= "1942" > Spaeth, 1942</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was proposed after 1930 without description or bibliographic reference to such description thus being unavailable (
<bibRefCitation id= "8B4703C7FFFBFFD0FE08FE0DFDC8FDB2" author= "ICZN" box= "[500,630,491,514]" firstAuthor= "ICZN" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" refId= "ref49784" refString= "ICZN 1999: International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type= "book" year= "1999" > ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: Article 13.1) and therefore the name was recently changed again to
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FE75FDEDFDFFFD92" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[393,577,523,546]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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(
<bibRefCitation id= "8B4703C7FFFBFFD0FDACFDEDFC87FD92" author= "BOUCHARD" box= "[592,825,523,546]" etAl= "et al." firstAuthor= "BOUCHARD" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" pagination= "1 - 972" refId= "ref48757" refString= "BOUCHARD P., BOUSQUET Y., DAVIES A. E., ALONSO-ZARAZAGA M. A., LAWRENCE J. F., LYAL C. H. C., NEWTON A. F., REID C. A. M., SCHMITT M., SLIPINSKI S. A. & SMITH A. B. T. 2011: Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 88: 1 - 972." type= "journal article" year= "2011" > BOUCHARD et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "EF697E36FFFBFFD0FF6CFDCDFC92FC32" blockId= "33.[113,1089,267,1058]" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" >
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FF6CFDCDFEF6FDF2" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[144,328,555,578]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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are superficially similar to
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FD9BFDCDFD74FDF2" authorityName= "Gyllenhal" authorityYear= "1813" box= "[615,714,555,578]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "312" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Cassidini" > Cassidini</taxonomicName>
and are quite difficult to define and separate from the latter tribe based solely on adult morphology.
<bibRefCitation id= "8B4703C7FFFBFFD0FCD7FDADFF07FD32" author= "SWIETOJANSKA & WINDSOR" firstAuthor= "SWIETOJANSKA" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" pagination= "641 - 665" refId= "ref51716" refString= "SWIETOJANSKA J. & WINDSOR D. 2008: Immature stages of Asteriza flavicornis (Olivier) and Physonota alutacea Boheman (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 58: 641 - 665." type= "journal article" year= "2008" > ŚWIĘTOJAŃSKA & WINDSOR (2008)</bibRefCitation>
discussed their position based on larval morphology and concluded that
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FC2CFD8DFF7FFD12" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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possessed features characteristic for primitive (generalized) tribes of Cassidinae s. str. while
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FF4DFD4DFEAAFD72" authorityName= "Gyllenhal" authorityYear= "1813" box= "[177,276,683,706]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "312" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Cassidini" > Cassidini</taxonomicName>
were considered as derived. The head of adult specimens of
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FC75FD4DFBFEFD72" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[905,1088,683,706]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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is more similar to
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FECDFD2DFE74FD52" authorityName= "Spaeth" authorityYear= "1942" box= "[305,458,715,738]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "306" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniocheniini" > Goniocheniini</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FE17FD2DFDE3FD52" authorityName= "Hincks" authorityYear= "1952" box= "[491,605,715,738]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "336" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Omocerini" > Omocerini</taxonomicName>
as the head is distinctly transverse with small eyes situated in front of the mouthparts, while
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FD85FD0DFD62FCB2" authorityName= "Gyllenhal" authorityYear= "1813" box= "[633,732,747,770]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "312" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Cassidini" > Cassidini</taxonomicName>
have circular head, mostly with large eyes. In addition all
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FE74FCEDFDFEFC92" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[392,576,779,802]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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have simple and quite long tarsal claws and the ultimate tarsomere is somewhat longer than in most
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FD69FCCDFD46FCF2" authorityName= "Gyllenhal" authorityYear= "1813" box= "[661,760,811,834]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "312" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Cassidini" > Cassidini</taxonomicName>
and as a result they are capable of faster movement than most of
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FE28FCADFD85FCD2" authorityName= "Gyllenhal" authorityYear= "1813" box= "[468,571,843,866]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "312" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Cassidini" > Cassidini</taxonomicName>
. Also the larvae of
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<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FCF5FCADFC7FFCD2" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[777,961,843,866]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
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move more rapidly than those of
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FEA8FC8DFE09FC32" authorityName= "Gyllenhal" authorityYear= "1813" box= "[340,439,875,898]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "312" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Cassidini" > Cassidini</taxonomicName>
(L. Sekerka, unpubl. observation).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "EF697E36FFFBFFD0FF6CFC6DFC83FB92" blockId= "33.[113,1089,267,1058]" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" >
Two genera,
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FEEFFC6DFE53FC12" authority= "Spaeth, 1911" authorityName= "Spaeth" authorityYear= "1911" box= "[275,493,907,930]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" genus= "Orexita" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "DDA2A224FFFBFFD0FEEFFC6DFEDCFC12" box= "[275,354,907,930]" italics= "true" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" > Orexita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id= "8B4703C7FFFBFFD0FE9BFC6DFE53FC12" author= "Spaeth" box= "[359,493,907,930]" firstAuthor= "Spaeth" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" pagination= "239 - 277" refId= "ref50915" refString= "SPAETH F. 1911: Beschreibung einiger neuer Cassiden nebst synonymischen Bemerkungen VIII. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 61: 239 - 277." type= "journal article" year= "1911" > Spaeth, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FDE7FC6DFD51FC12" authority= "Spaeth, 1952" authorityName= "Spaeth" authorityYear= "1952" box= "[539,751,907,930]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" genus= "Aidoia" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "DDA2A224FFFBFFD0FDE7FC6DFDDFFC12" box= "[539,609,907,930]" italics= "true" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" > Aidoia</emphasis>
Spaeth, 1952
</taxonomicName>
, currently classified in
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FC25FC6DFB83FC12" authorityName= "Gyllenhal" authorityYear= "1813" box= "[985,1085,907,930]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "312" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Cassidini" > Cassidini</taxonomicName>
, have a strongly transverse head with small eyes and similar structure of tarsi as
2024-07-12 03:09:19 +02:00
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FC2CFC4DFF7EFC52" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
2024-06-21 12:38:57 +02:00
and I transfer them to the latter tribe. The affinity of the two genera to
2024-07-12 03:09:19 +02:00
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FC70FC2DFBFFFC52" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[908,1089,971,994]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
2024-06-21 12:38:57 +02:00
as well as affinities of the genera within the tribe should be verified by molecular data. The genera of
2024-07-12 03:09:19 +02:00
<taxonomicName id= "28D605B5FFFBFFD0FF20FBEDFE2AFB92" authorityName= "Chapuis" authorityYear= "1875" box= "[220,404,1035,1058]" class= "Insecta" family= "Chrysomelidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "33" pageNumber= "308" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Ischyrosonychini" > Ischyrosonychini</taxonomicName>
2024-06-21 12:38:57 +02:00
can be recognized using the key below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
