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<document id="15FF5C926343CB49CAD32E5C9DA33177" ID-DOI="10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2023v44a6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fec7f7bd-731e-4e8e-9be3-6ee703d9c57c" ID-ISSN="1776-0984" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8399144" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1695890018088" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marquardt, Gisele C., Bicudo, Denise C., de M. Bicudo, Carlos E., Ledru, Marie-Pierre &amp; Wetzel, Carlos E." docDate="2023" docId="8A2887BCFFD11E36DE71F8C6FABCD2C9" docLanguage="en" docName="algologie.2023.44.6.pdf" docOrigin="Cryptogamie, Algologie 20 (6)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/algologie2023v44a6.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C31C23F805CBAD2BB1C6021F66949308.5:CryptogamieAlgologie.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="C31C23F805CBAD2BB1C6021F66949308" docStyleName="CryptogamieAlgologie.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="115" masterDocId="7611FFC4FFD41E30DF5EFFFBFFEED522" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Achnanthidium Kützing (Achnanthidiaceae) from the Quaternary sediments of the Colônia basin, Southeast Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1696251023781" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="58D209B787F51B4DDF2F7D3A780AF252">Two new species of Achnanthidium Kützing (Achnanthidiaceae) from the Quaternary sediments of the Colônia basin, Southeast Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C1AF8CFA4D4CC2FCEA69754207EE84A0">Marquardt, Gisele C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1C572D509CA1F1423A37323CCFAEC814">Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, P. O. Box 19031, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR (Brazil) giselecmarquardt @ gmail. com (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="484EA5145D22158DE64250E03267D13A">Bicudo, Denise C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D8F94BD632C598DD5937F613B6542755">Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Biodiversity Conservation Department, Avenida Miguel Estéfano 3687, 04301 - 012 São Paulo, SP (Brazil)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="53732B74FCD261B82B02C9173FDFCE4F">de M. Bicudo, Carlos E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="323EEFF544E0F3FB9798088F62D536F5">Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Biodiversity Conservation Department, Avenida Miguel Estéfano 3687, 04301 - 012 São Paulo, SP (Brazil)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0B63E3B4BF425D9094B2105E4C1578D0">Ledru, Marie-Pierre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8AFA75963B09AD5A9614618946A5F85B">ISEM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, F- 34095 Montpellier (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F8BBDBB0A981DCEF4816935EF02D91E4">Wetzel, Carlos E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="68E9B054E8C49900F3E7F455CE51F5B9">Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Environmental Research &amp; Innovation Department, 41 rue du Brill, L- 4422 Belvaux (Luxembourg)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="386827A9BA0B847EE62ABD8387BC91B9">Cryptogamie, Algologie</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A1BE07D03269BDA45848022B9DEDDA22">
<mods:date id="D1B44EBD2299BFFE3F8140BCB67134EC">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D18CF56B7143285D5859395C76C9C340">2023-09-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D7805148C021A8D75EC5E4730FF59B59">20</mods:number>
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<treatment id="8A2887BCFFD11E36DE71F8C6FABCD2C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8385533" ID-GBIF-Taxon="213621492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8385533" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8A2887BCFFD11E36DE71F8C6FABCD2C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8A2887BCFFD11E36DE71F8C6FABCD2C9" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD11E35DE71F8C6FDCDD255" authority="Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel" authorityName="Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="ectorianum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DE71F8C6FDB2D275" bold="true" box="[303,604,1853,1880]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Achnanthidium ectorianum</emphasis>
Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2BC657C3FFD11E35DD70F8A5FD6DD25A" box="[558,643,1886,1912]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD11E35DECFF886FE14D2B5" blockId="5.[401,506,1917,1944]" box="[401,506,1917,1944]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="597681C6FFD11E35DECFF886FE14D2B5" box="[401,506,1917,1944]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" reason="3">
(
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD11E35DEC4F886FE1FD2B5" box="[410,497,1917,1944]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStartId-0="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionStartId-1="6.[132,143,1627,1645]" captionStartId-2="7.[132,143,1620,1638]" captionStartId-3="8.[132,143,1651,1669]" captionTargetBox-0="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetBox-1="[132,1455,215,1583]" captionTargetBox-2="[132,1455,215,1576]" captionTargetBox-3="[132,1455,215,1606]" captionTargetId-0="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetId-1="figure-217@6.[698,1267,761,1310]" captionTargetId-2="figure-180@7.[698,1267,758,1304]" captionTargetId-3="figure-195@8.[698,1267,770,1329]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionText-0="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-1="FIG. 2. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: A-E, external views, raphe valve; F, internal view, raphe valve. Scale bars: A, 4 µm; B-F, 5 µm." captionText-2="FIG. 3. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: 5 µm." captionText-3="FIG. 4. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality.SEM: A-C, external views, rapheless valve;D-E, internal views, rapheless valve; F, girdle view. Scale bars: A, 3 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399148" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399150" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399152" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8399148/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8399150/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8399152/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Figs 1-4</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="B2E93CF7FFD11E35DFDAF842FA5ED1E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4416606302" collectingDate="2017-08" collectionCode="SP" collectorName="M. - P. Ledru &amp; A. O. Sawakuchi" country="Brazil" elevation="900" latitude="-23.866667" location="Colonia" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="-46.705555" municipality="Parelheiros District" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" specimenCode="SP365.548" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
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. —
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<collectingCountry id="7A96763AFFD11E35DE4EF841FEA6D2F0" box="[272,328,1978,2002]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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, SP,
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,
<location id="075E6071FFD11E35DDCAF843FD0ED2F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8A2887BCFFD11E36DE71F8C6FABCD2C9:075E6071FFD11E35DDCAF843FD0ED2F2" box="[660,736,1976,2000]" country="Brazil" latitude="-23.866667" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="-46.705555" municipality="Parelheiros District" name="Colonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Colônia</location>
crater,
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,
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,
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a.s.l.
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, from sample 4268-
<quantity id="C5799B4FFFD11E35DDC0F828FD36D2C8" box="[670,728,2003,2027]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" unit="cm" value="69.0">69 cm</quantity>
liner depth (
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DC2EFB6BFC96D185" box="[880,888,1168,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">c</emphasis>
. 1.37 Ma; 4311 composite depth) of the
<specimenCode id="52279ED1FFD11E35DBABFB74FABBD185" box="[1269,1365,1167,1191]" collectionCode="COL" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" name="Universidad Nacional de Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">COL17-3</specimenCode>
sediment core,
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<collectingDate id="667BE982FFD11E35DC03FB51FC2DD1E0" box="[861,963,1194,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" value="2017-08">VIII.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="AF74537CFFD11E35DC95FB51FBD0D1E0" box="[971,1086,1194,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">M.-P. Ledru</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="AF74537CFFD11E35DB00FB51FB17D1E0" box="[1118,1273,1194,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">A.O. Sawakuchi</collectorName>
(SP[
<specimenCode id="52279ED1FFD11E35DA76FB52FA72D1E3" box="[1320,1436,1193,1217]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">SP365.548</specimenCode>
]!).
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="B2E93CF7FFD11E35DC73FB21FACBD1D3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4416606302" box="[813,1317,1241,1265]" collectingDate="2017-08" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="M. - P. Ledru &amp; A. O. Sawakuchi" country="Brazil" elevation="900" latitude="-23.866667" location="Colonia" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="-46.705555" municipality="Parelheiros District" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" specimenCode="BR4582" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="isotype">
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. — Same data as holotype (
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[
<specimenCode id="52279ED1FFD11E35DBE8FB22FAFFD1D3" box="[1206,1297,1241,1265]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">BR4582</specimenCode>
]!).
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</paragraph>
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. —
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.
<collectingRegion id="C045F848FFD11E35DB7CFAF2FB91D003" box="[1058,1151,1289,1313]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
, SP, Parelheiros District, Colônia crater,
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,
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,
<quantity id="C5799B4FFFD11E35DB10FAD8FB60D019" box="[1102,1166,1315,1339]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4A9B6521FFD11E35DC73FAA8FB71D082" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD11E35DC73FAA8FB71D082" blockId="5.[812,1456,1363,1440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
<smallCapsWord id="04D8A076FFD11E35DC73FAA8FC48D04B" baselines="1380,1381" box="[813,934,1363,1386]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — The species is dedicated in honor of our mentor, friend, and colleague Luc Ector (1962-2022), who taught us much about
<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD11E35DC35FA73FC11D082" authority="Kutzing" authorityName="Kutzing" box="[875,1023,1416,1440]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DC35FA73FC11D082" box="[875,1023,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Achnanthidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its features.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4A9B6521FFD11E35DC73FA43FB59D34C" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD11E35DC73FA43FB59D34C" blockId="5.[813,1456,1463,1646]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
<smallCapsWord id="04D8A076FFD11E35DC73FA43FC64D0EC" baselines="1481,1482" box="[813,906,1464,1487]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Ecology" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">ECOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="04D8A076FFD11E35DCCEFA46FC54D0EC" baselines="1482" box="[912,954,1469,1486]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">AND</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="04D8A076FFD11E35DC9EFA46FBA6D0EC" baselines="1482" box="[960,1096,1469,1486]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="distribution" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. —
<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD11E35DB2AFA4CFBE3D0C8" authority="Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel" authorityName="Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="ectorianum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DB2AFA4CFA99D0ED" box="[1140,1399,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Achnanthidium ectorianum</emphasis>
Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2BC657C3FFD11E35DB44FA29FB84D0CB" box="[1050,1130,1490,1513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was frequently observed in the core (11.1% relative abundance). Accompanying taxa included an undetermined diatom genus (43%),
<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD11E35DB99F9FCFA8ED33D" box="[1223,1376,1543,1567]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Staurosira" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DB99F9FCFAC6D33C" box="[1223,1320,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Staurosira</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
(20%),
<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD11E35DC70F9DAFB15D31B" authority="Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel" authorityName="Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel" box="[814,1275,1569,1593]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Pseudostaurosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="crateri">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DC70F9DAFBEDD31B" box="[814,1027,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Pseudostaurosira crateri</emphasis>
Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel
</taxonomicName>
(10%),
<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD11E35DA18F9DAFBA1D376" authority="(Grunow) Simonsen" authorityName="Simonsen" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Grunow" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Aulacoseiraceae" genus="Aulacoseira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Aulacoseirales" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="ambigua">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DA18F9DAFC91D376" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Aulacoseira ambigua</emphasis>
(Grunow) Simonsen
</taxonomicName>
(3.8%), and
<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD11E35DB8AF9C7FB8BD34C" authority="Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel" authorityName="Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Planothidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="scrobiculatum">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DB8AF9C7FC8BD34C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Planothidium scrobiculatum</emphasis>
Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel
</taxonomicName>
(3.7%).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4A9B6521FFD11E36DC73F968FABCD2C9" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" type="description">
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD11E35DC73F968FC53D389" blockId="5.[813,957,1683,1709]" box="[813,957,1683,1709]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="597681C6FFD11E35DC73F968FC53D389" box="[813,957,1683,1709]" fontSize="9" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" reason="5">
<smallCapsWord id="04D8A076FFD11E35DC73F968FC53D389" baselines="1702,1702" box="[813,957,1683,1709]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD11E35DC73F948FBC0D3EE" blockId="5.[811,1457,1714,2028]" box="[813,1070,1714,1740]" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="597681C6FFD11E35DC73F948FBC0D3EE" box="[813,1070,1714,1740]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="114" reason="9">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD11E35DC73F948FBC0D3EE" box="[813,1070,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
LM observations (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD11E35DCB9F948FBCBD3EE" box="[999,1061,1714,1740]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetId="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD11E36DC73F929FD3ED26E" blockId="5.[811,1457,1714,2028]" lastBlockId="6.[130,777,1746,1868]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">
Frustule in girdle view is narrow, rectangular, and bent with weakly recurved apices (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD11E35DB69F909FB98D22E" box="[1079,1142,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetId="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AN). Linear-elliptical valves, with almost parallel margins, are very delicate and difficult to observe. Broadly rounded to subrostrate apices (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD11E35DA7EF8CAFAB5D26E" box="[1312,1371,1841,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetId="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A-AM), sometimes slightly curved to the same side (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD11E35DA5EF8AAFAD3D24E" box="[1280,1341,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetId="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
I-L); 10.5- 15.5 µm long, 2.5-3.0 µm wide. Raphe valve: very narrow axial area, linear to linear-lanceolate; central area composed of 1-3 shortened striae on both sides of the valve, resembling an X-shape (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD11E35DCEEF82AFC02D2C9" box="[944,1004,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetId="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="114">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D-G). Raphe filiform, straight. Transapical striae not discernible. Rapheless valve: narrow and linear axial area (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DF9CF909FEECD22E" box="[194,258,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetId="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
U-AM). Transapical striae not discernible. The girdle view is narrow, rectangular, and arcuate, with pointed apices faintly curved to the rapheless valve (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DD04F8CAFD76D26E" box="[602,664,1841,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1074,1092]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1029]" captionTargetId="figure-425@5.[698,1267,213,758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel,sp. nov.Population from the type locality.LM micrographs,size diminution series: A-T, raphe valve; U-AM, raphless valve; AN, frustules in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399146/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AN).
</paragraph>
<caption id="56FE6622FFD21E36DFDAF9A0FE1CD3A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8399148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115" startId="6.[132,143,1627,1645]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1583]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD21E36DFDAF9A0FE1CD3A6" blockId="6.[132,1457,1627,1668]" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">
<smallCapsWord id="04D8A076FFD21E36DFDAF9A0FF73D34E" baselines="1640,1641" box="[132,157,1627,1645]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 2. —
<taxonomicName id="C5814D29FFD21E36DF8AF9A0FD6DD34F" authority="Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel" authorityName="Marquardt &amp; C. E. Wetzel" authorityYear="2023" box="[212,643,1627,1645]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="6" pageNumber="115" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="ectorianum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD21E36DF8AF9A0FE5DD34F" box="[212,435,1627,1645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Achnanthidium ectorianum</emphasis>
Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2BC657C3FFD21E36DDD4F9A0FD23D34F" box="[650,717,1627,1645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="115" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Population from the type locality. SEM:
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD21E36DB46F9A0FBD6D34F" bold="true" box="[1048,1080,1627,1645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">A -E</emphasis>
, external views, raphe valve;
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD21E36DA73F9A0FAD6D34F" bold="true" box="[1325,1336,1627,1645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">F</emphasis>
, internal view, raphe valve. Scale bars: A, 4 µm; B-F, 5 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD21E36DFDAF889FE44D2AE" blockId="6.[132,426,1905,1932]" box="[132,426,1905,1932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">
<heading id="597681C6FFD21E36DFDAF889FE44D2AE" box="[132,426,1905,1932]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="115" reason="9">
<emphasis id="30F5EAB8FFD21E36DFDAF889FE44D2AE" box="[132,426,1905,1932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">
SEM observations (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DE13F889FE4FD2A9" box="[333,417,1905,1931]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStartId-0="6.[132,143,1627,1645]" captionStartId-1="7.[132,143,1620,1638]" captionStartId-2="8.[132,143,1651,1669]" captionTargetBox-0="[132,1455,215,1583]" captionTargetBox-1="[132,1455,215,1576]" captionTargetBox-2="[132,1455,215,1606]" captionTargetId-0="figure-217@6.[698,1267,761,1310]" captionTargetId-1="figure-180@7.[698,1267,758,1304]" captionTargetId-2="figure-195@8.[698,1267,770,1329]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionText-0="FIG. 2. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: A-E, external views, raphe valve; F, internal view, raphe valve. Scale bars: A, 4 µm; B-F, 5 µm." captionText-1="FIG. 3. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: 5 µm." captionText-2="FIG. 4. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality.SEM: A-C, external views, rapheless valve;D-E, internal views, rapheless valve; F, girdle view. Scale bars: A, 3 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399148" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399150" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399152" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8399148/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8399150/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8399152/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Figs 2-4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="023E36AAFFD21E36DFDAF86AFABCD2C9" blockId="6.[130,776,1937,2028]" lastBlockId="6.[810,1456,1746,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">
Raphe valve:raphe prolonged after the striae,terminating on the border between the valve face and mantle (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DD67F84AFD9CD2E9" box="[569,626,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1627,1645]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-217@6.[698,1267,761,1310]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: A-E, external views, raphe valve; F, internal view, raphe valve. Scale bars: A, 4 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A-D). Straight central and terminal raphe fissures (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DEBBF82AFDF2D2C9" box="[485,540,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1627,1645]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-217@6.[698,1267,761,1310]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: A-E, external views, raphe valve; F, internal view, raphe valve. Scale bars: A, 4 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Fig.2</figureCitation>
A-E).Striae (30-38) are mainly composed of 2-3,rarely 4,that are rounded areolae,curved close to the apices (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DCB9F909FBF1D22E" box="[999,1055,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1627,1645]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-217@6.[698,1267,761,1310]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: A-E, external views, raphe valve; F, internal view, raphe valve. Scale bars: A, 4 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Fig.2</figureCitation>
A-E).Internally,proximal raphe endings slightly deflected in opposite directions,distal endings terminating in small helictoglossae(
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DB4EF8CAFBB6D26E" box="[1040,1112,1841,1868]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,143,1627,1645]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-217@6.[698,1267,761,1310]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: A-E, external views, raphe valve; F, internal view, raphe valve. Scale bars: A, 4 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Fig.2F</figureCitation>
).Rapheless valve:very narrow axial area, slightly depressed below the valve surface (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DA51F8AAFA90D24E" box="[1295,1406,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1620,1638]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-180@7.[698,1267,758,1304]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Figs 3D, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DAD9F8A9FCD1D2A9" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1651,1669]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-195@8.[698,1267,770,1329]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality.SEM: A-C, external views, rapheless valve;D-E, internal views, rapheless valve; F, girdle view. Scale bars: A, 3 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399152/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">4C, F</figureCitation>
).Striae (
<quantity id="C5799B4FFFD21E36DCCDF88AFC05D2A9" box="[915,1003,1905,1931]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.636" metricValueMax="9.144" metricValueMin="8.128" pageId="6" pageNumber="115" unit="in" value="34.0" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="32.0">32-36 in</quantity>
10 µm) are mainly composed of 2-4 rounded to elongate areolae (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DCA8F86AFBDFD289" box="[1014,1073,1937,1963]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1620,1638]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-180@7.[698,1267,758,1304]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Figs 3</figureCitation>
A-F; 4A-C). At times, the areolae fuse forming a slit (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DC9DF84AFBFDD2E9" box="[963,1043,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1620,1638]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-180@7.[698,1267,758,1304]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DB42F84AFBB4D2E9" box="[1052,1114,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1651,1669]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-195@8.[698,1267,770,1329]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality.SEM: A-C, external views, rapheless valve;D-E, internal views, rapheless valve; F, girdle view. Scale bars: A, 3 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399152/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">4A, E</figureCitation>
). Mantle with one row of slit-like transapically orientated areolae (
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DB2DF82AFB0DD2CE" box="[1139,1251,2001,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1620,1638]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-180@7.[698,1267,758,1304]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality. SEM: external views, rapheless valve. Scale bars: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399150/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">Figs 3B, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="9ABA2A2FFFD21E36DBB3F82AFB15D2C9" box="[1261,1275,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1651,1669]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-195@8.[698,1267,770,1329]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. — Achnanthidium ectorianum Marquardt &amp; C.E.Wetzel, sp. nov. Population from the type locality.SEM: A-C, external views, rapheless valve;D-E, internal views, rapheless valve; F, girdle view. Scale bars: A, 3 µm; B-F, 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8399152/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="115">4</figureCitation>
A-C, F).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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