treatments-xml/data/03/BE/87/03BE8787FFEFBD0DFC518597FC2B0D2A.xml

<document id="46EF14BC57799B91ACCF381175E324C5" ID-DOI="10.6620/ZS.2018.57-47" ID-ISSN="1810-522X" ID-PMC="PMC6517761" ID-PubMed="31966287" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12825927" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721917059966" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="White, Kristine N. &amp; Machida, Ryuji J." docDate="2018" docId="03BE8787FFEFBD0DFC518597FC2B0D2A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolStud.57.47.1-22.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zoological Studies 57 (47)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2018.57-47" docStyle="DocumentStyle:CB122E4603BA284FA287D3847868CAF6.4:ZoolStud.2016-2018.journal_article" docStyleId="CB122E4603BA284FA287D3847868CAF6" docStyleName="ZoolStud.2016-2018.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Leucothoe cracentis White &amp; Machida, 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="457D5DF7-464A-46B1-BEE0-315C9AA6930A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FF87FFFFFFE4BD03FFF3840AFF88091C" masterDocTitle="Taiwanese Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda), Including Three New Species from Dongsha Atoll." masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1721932681747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4842738607EA5AB8CC3F4B2F8777066E">Taiwanese Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda), Including Three New Species from Dongsha Atoll.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E8F43113B902D78A695D83A83452F5F6">White, Kristine N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="830A677F8D630B23152DF075DE63746A">The University of Tampa, Biology, 401 W. Kennedy Blvd., Tampa, FL 33606 U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A65CE6D23B687CA4068431F8723289DC">Machida, Ryuji J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9CDF2B2A6966F1422AA2F51DFC9BDA65">The University of Tampa, Biology, 401 W. Kennedy Blvd., Tampa, FL 33606 U. S. A. &amp; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529 Taiwan. &amp; The University of Tampa, Biology, 401 W. Kennedy Blvd., Tampa, FL 33606 U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1FB08712AA595BD62AD6546F7BC2A9C8">Zoological Studies</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="75E9E9602EAA3DCED3A19998AFF34CFA">2018</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C30D651AFFEFBD08FC518597FA9808AA" box="[930,1296,413,438]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FC518597FA9808AA" blockId="11.[822,1405,413,522]" box="[930,1296,413,438]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0E081FDFFEFBD08FC518597FA9808AA" bold="true" box="[930,1296,413,438]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEFBD08FC518597FB2E08AA" ID-CoL="6Q67G" authorityName="White &amp; Machida" authorityYear="2018" box="[930,1190,413,438]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cracentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEFBD08FC518597FB2E08AA" bold="true" box="[930,1190,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Leucothoe cracentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25057F8FFEFBD08FB5E8597FA9808AA" box="[1197,1296,413,438]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30D651AFFEFBD0DFBF085B7FC2B0D2A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FBF085B7FB2708CA" blockId="11.[822,1405,413,522]" box="[1027,1199,444,470]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
(
<figureCitation id="132C2A14FFEFBD08FBF985B7FBFD08CA" box="[1034,1141,444,470]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[136,170,1812,1832]" captionTargetBox="[160,1390,249,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-85@7.[160,1390,249,1787]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. (A) Leucothoe obuchii White and Reimer, 2012a, male, KNW-Green-2B; (B) Leucothoe ouraensis White and Reimer, 2012b, female, KNW-Dongsha-2017-10c; (C) Leucothoe togatta White and Reimer, 2012b, male, KNW-Dongsha-2017-7d; (D) Leucothoe toribe White and Reimer, 2012b, female, KNW-Dongsha-2017-6b; (E) Leucothoe trulla White and Reimer, 2012a, male, KNW-Dongsha-2017- 8a; (F) Leucothoe batillum sp. nov., male, KNW-Dongsha-2017-3f; (G) Leucothoe cracentis sp. nov., female, KNW-Dongsha-2017-4b; (H) Paranamixis lunata sp. nov., male anamorph, KNW-Dongsha-2017-7a; (I) Paranamixis lunata sp. nov., female leucomorph, KNW- Dongsha-2017-9a." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12825931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12825931/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 3G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132C2A14FFEFBD08FB7385B7FB2008CA" box="[1152,1192,445,470]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="12.[174,208,1924,1944]" captionStartId-1="13.[136,171,1897,1917]" captionTargetBox-0="[226,1403,262,1884]" captionTargetBox-1="[188,1365,259,1853]" captionTargetId-0="figure-45@12.[203,1424,249,1898]" captionTargetId-1="figure-47@13.[160,1390,249,1872]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="Fig. 6. Leucothoe cracentis sp. nov. male holotype, scale bars represent 0.1 mm; (A) Habitus; (B) Antenna 1 enlarged; (C) Maxilla 2; (D) Maxilla 1; (E) Maxilliped; (F) Gnathopod 2 medial; (G) Gnathopod 1 medial: (H) Gnathopod 1 carpus enlarged." captionText-1="Fig. 7. Leucothoe cracentis sp. nov. female paratype, scale bars represent 0.1 mm; (A) Gnathopod 2 medial; (B) Lower lip; (C) Epimeron 1-3; (D) left Mandible; (E) Gnathopod 1 medial; (F) Gnathopod 1 propodus and carpus enlarge(D); (G) Telson; (H) Telson enlarged." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12825937" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12825939" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12825937/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12825939/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6-7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<uri id="FF863A93FFEFBD08FCC585D2FB380B16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FC9A863AFB6E0BF5" blockId="11.[813,1415,560,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEFBD08FC9A863AFBC10B55" box="[873,1097,560,585]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material Examined</emphasis>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B7F3CCCFFEFBD08FBA8863AFC110BD5" collectingDate="2017-05-22" collectorName="K. N. White" elevation="17" latitude="20.6365" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="116.90718" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="NMMB-CD 5585" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AC8833FFEFBD08FBA8863AFB410B55" box="[1115,1225,560,585]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male, 
<quantity id="4CEF9B74FFEFBD08FAD1863AFA0A0B55" box="[1314,1410,560,585]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBB19EEAFFEFBD08FCDE865AFB9A0B75" box="[813,1042,592,618]" collectionCode="NMMB-CD" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">NMMB-CD 5585</specimenCode>
, KNW-Dongsha-2017-4b, Dongsha Atoll southeast fore reef, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE235056FFEFBD08FB13867AFA0A0B95" box="[1248,1410,624,649]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="11.4" value="20.6365">20°38'11.4&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE235056FFEFBD08FCDE869AFC610BB5" box="[813,1001,656,681]" degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="25.85" value="116.90718">116°54'25.85&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CEF9B74FFEFBD08FC04869AFBB10BB5" box="[1015,1081,656,681]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="17.0">
<elevation id="003AD1A2FFEFBD08FC04869AFBB10BB5" box="[1015,1081,656,681]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="17.0">17 m</elevation>
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; 
<date id="FFA91051FFEFBD08FBB4869AFB650BB5" box="[1095,1261,656,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2017-05-22">
<collectingDate id="EFEDE9B9FFEFBD08FBB4869AFB650BB5" box="[1095,1261,656,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2017-05-22">22 May 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26E25347FFEFBD08FB09869AFA0A0BB5" box="[1274,1410,656,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">K.N. White</collectorName>
, collector
</materialsCitation>
. 
<typeStatus id="54AC8833FFEFBD08FC5486BAFB930BD5" box="[935,1051,688,713]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: female, 
<quantity id="4CEF9B74FFEFBD08FB7C86BAFB7B0BD5" box="[1167,1267,688,713]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED06AE54FFEFBD08FAF286BAFA0D0BD6" box="[1281,1413,688,714]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">NMMB-CD</collectionCode>
5586, same station data as 
<typeStatus id="54AC8833FFEFBD08FB8786DAFB6A0BF5" box="[1140,1250,720,745]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FC9A86FAFB140A55" blockId="11.[813,1415,560,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEFBD08FC9A86FAFC270A15" box="[873,943,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Other</emphasis>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D11FD18FFEFBD08FC3186FAFB960A15" box="[962,1054,752,777]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D11FD18FFEFBD08FBDF86FAFB250A15" box="[1068,1197,752,777]" count="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, ASIZCR000422, same station data as 
<typeStatus id="54AC8833FFEFBD08FBDB871AFB1D0A35" box="[1064,1173,784,809]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. 
<specimenCount id="9D11FD18FFEFBD08FB53871AFA890A35" box="[1184,1281,784,809]" count="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D11FD18FFEFBD08FAF8871AFA0A0A35" box="[1291,1410,784,809]" count="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
, same station data as 
<typeStatus id="54AC8833FFEFBD08FBD9873AFB100A55" box="[1066,1176,816,841]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FC9A875AFB750AB5" blockId="11.[813,1415,560,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEFBD08FC9A875AFC600A75" box="[873,1000,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology</emphasis>
: Derived from the Latin ‘ 
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEFBD08FAD2875AFA080A75" box="[1313,1408,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">cracens</emphasis>
’ meaning ‘slender, graceful, neat’ and referring to the overall appearance of gnathopod 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FC9A87BAFB3A0C15" blockId="11.[813,1415,560,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEFBD08FC9A87BAFC600AD5" box="[873,1000,944,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: Head anterior margin oblique, produced, distal margin straight. Eyes round. Accessory flagellum present, 1-articulate. Mandibular palp article 3 short, 0.9 × length of article 1. Gnathopod 1 carpus stout, anterior margin dentate; propodus slightly inflated, palm smooth; dactylus reaching 0.1 × propodus length. Gnathopod 2 carpus distally truncate, serrate. Pereopods 5-6 bases anterior and posterior margins nearly parallel, pereopod 7 basis posteriorly moderately produced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FC9A811AFA0C0CB5" blockId="11.[813,1415,560,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEFBD08FC9A811AFB370C36" box="[873,1215,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Description (male 
<typeStatus id="54AC8833FFEFBD08FBBD811AFB3E0C36" box="[1102,1206,1296,1322]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
: Head: Anterior margin oblique, produced, distal margin straight; ventral cephalic keel anterior margin excavate, anteroventral margin rounded, ventral margin straight; eyes with more than 20 ommatidia, round.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FC9A81BAFB380F55" blockId="11.[813,1415,560,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Antenna 1 0.5 × body length, flagellum 7-articulate, peduncle article 1 width subequal to article 2, accessory flagellum present, 1-articulate. Antenna 2 0.4 × body length, shorter in length than antenna 1, flagellum 5-articulate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD0DFC9A825AFDE5088A" blockId="11.[813,1415,560,1961]" lastBlockId="14.[174,776,253,1975]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Mandibular palp ratio of articles 1-3 1.0:2.3:0.9, article 2 with 2 marginal setae, article 3 with 2 distal setae, incisors nearly smooth; left mandible with 12 raker spines, lacinia mobilis large, strongly toothed; right mandible broken. Maxilla 1 palp 2-articulate, with 3 distal slender setae; outer plate with 2 distal robust spines, 4 distal robust setae and 3 slender setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with 2 marginal and 4 distal slender setae, outer plate with 3 distal slender setae. Lower lip inner lobes with moderate gape (
<figureCitation id="132C2A14FFEFBD0DFAA6839AFF5B080A" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[136,171,1897,1917]" captionTargetBox="[188,1365,259,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-47@13.[160,1390,249,1872]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 7. Leucothoe cracentis sp. nov. female paratype, scale bars represent 0.1 mm; (A) Gnathopod 2 medial; (B) Lower lip; (C) Epimeron 1-3; (D) left Mandible; (E) Gnathopod 1 medial; (F) Gnathopod 1 propodus and carpus enlarge(D); (G) Telson; (H) Telson enlarged." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12825939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12825939/files/figure.png" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). Maxilliped inner plates distal margin rounded, v-shaped, with short simple robust setae; outer plate inner margin smooth, not extended up toward palp article 1; palp article 4 subequal in length with article 3, distally narrowing and acute.
</paragraph>
<footnote id="E80C2A9FFFEFBD08FF7B83D7FE100EF3" box="[136,408,2013,2031]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEFBD08FF7B83D7FE100EF3" blockId="11.[136,408,2013,2031]" box="[136,408,2013,2031]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">© 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan</paragraph>
</footnote>
<caption id="DF686619FFE8BD0FFF5D838EFB360EA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12825937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12825937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12825937/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[174,208,1924,1944]" targetBox="[226,1403,262,1884]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFE8BD0FFF5D838EFB360EA8" blockId="12.[174,1452,1923,1972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFE8BD0FFF5D838EFF630E84" bold="true" box="[174,235,1924,1944]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFE8BD0FFF04838EFE3D0E84" authorityName="White &amp; Machida" authorityYear="2018" box="[247,437,1924,1944]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cracentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFE8BD0FFF04838EFE3D0E84" box="[247,437,1924,1944]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leucothoe cracentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25057F8FFE8BD0FFE49838EFD8C0E84" box="[442,516,1924,1944]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
male holotype, scale bars represent 0.1 mm; (A) Habitus; (B) Antenna 1 enlarged; (C) Maxilla 2; (D) Maxilla 1; (E) Maxilliped; (F) Gnathopod 2 medial; (G) Gnathopod 1 medial: (H) Gnathopod 1 carpus enlarged.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<footnote id="E80C2A9FFFE8BD0FFB6F83D7FA230EF3" box="[1180,1451,2013,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFE8BD0FFB6F83D7FA230EF3" blockId="12.[1180,1451,2013,2031]" box="[1180,1451,2013,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">© 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan</paragraph>
</footnote>
<caption id="DF686619FFE9BD0EFF7B8363FF6B0EA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12825939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12825939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12825939/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[136,171,1897,1917]" targetBox="[188,1365,259,1853]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFE9BD0EFF7B8363FF6B0EA9" blockId="13.[136,1414,1897,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFE9BD0EFF7B8363FF410E61" bold="true" box="[136,201,1897,1917]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFE9BD0EFF298363FE290E61" authorityName="White &amp; Machida" authorityYear="2018" box="[218,417,1897,1917]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cracentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFE9BD0EFF298363FE290E61" box="[218,417,1897,1917]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leucothoe cracentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25057F8FFE9BD0EFE598363FE710E61" box="[426,505,1897,1917]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female paratype, scale bars represent 0.1 mm; (A) Gnathopod 2 medial; (B) Lower lip; (C) Epimeron 1-3; (D) left Mandible; (E) Gnathopod 1 medial; (F) Gnathopod 1 propodus and carpus enlarge(D); (G) Telson; (H) Telson enlarged.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<footnote id="E80C2A9FFFE9BD0EFF7B83D7FE100EF3" box="[136,408,2013,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFE9BD0EFF7B83D7FE100EF3" blockId="13.[136,408,2013,2031]" box="[136,408,2013,2031]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">© 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan</paragraph>
</footnote>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFF198597FF770BEA" blockId="14.[174,776,253,1975]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFF198597FECB08AA" box="[234,323,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pereon</emphasis>
: Coxae 1-4 relative widths 1.0: 1.1: 1.1: 1.4. Gnathopod 1 coxa anterodistal margin produced, rounded, distal margin rounded with posterior notch, posterior margin convex; basis slightly distally expanded, anterior margin bare, posterior margin with 2 short setae; ischium bare; carpus distally curved, distal length 9 × width, anterior margin dentate with small short setae; propodus slightly inflated, palm smooth with short setae; dactylus smooth, reaching 0.1 × propodus length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFF1986F7FDAE0D8A" blockId="14.[174,776,253,1975]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gnathopod 2 coxa subquadrate, subequal in width with coxa 3, smooth, margins slightly rounded; basis not expanded, stout, anterior margin with 2 short setae, posterior margin bare; ischium bare; carpus 0.4 × propodus length, curved, setose, distally truncate, serrate; propodus with one high mediofacial setal row reaching 0.7 × propodus length, submarginal setal row with 4 setae, anterior margin gently curved, smooth, palm with 2 large and many small tubercles; posterior margin straight; dactylus curved, proximal margin smooth, bare, anterior margin distally subacute, reaching 0.6 × propodus length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFF198097FC8F0CCA" blockId="14.[174,776,253,1975]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pereopod 3 coxa anterior margin straight, distal margin slightly rounded with anterior and posterior notches, posterior margin straight. Pereopod 4 coxa smooth, antero-distally produced, anterior margin straight, distal margin rounded, posterior margin tapered. Pereopods 5-7 bases width length ratios 1: 1.5, 1: 1.3, 1:1.1, posterior margins smooth and setose; pereopods 5-6 bases with anterior and posterior margin nearly parallel, pereopod 7 basis posteriorly moderately produced.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFF1981D7FD220E8A" blockId="14.[174,776,253,1975]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFF1981D7FEB90CEA" box="[234,305,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pleon</emphasis>
: Epimeron 1 with 1 long anterodistal seta; epimeron 2 distal margin with 2 short setae; epimeron 3 bare, posteroventral corner subquadrate. Uropods 1-3 relative lengths 1.0: 0.7: 1.0. Uropod 1 peduncle subequal in length with inner ramus, outer ramus 0.9 × inner ramus length; inner ramus with 2 robust setae; outer ramus with 1 robust seta. Uropod 2 peduncle 0.9 × inner ramus length, outer ramus 0.7 × inner ramus length; inner and outer rami each with 2 robust setae. Uropod 3 peduncle 0.7 × inner ramus length, outer ramus 0.9 × inner ramus length; inner and outer rami each with 2 robust setae. Telson 1.9 × longer than wide, apex tridentate, beset with two short setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFF198397FAE9088A" blockId="14.[174,776,253,1975]" lastBlockId="14.[850,1452,253,1078]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFF198397FD760EAB" box="[234,766,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Female (sexually dimorphic characters)</emphasis>
: Gnathopod 1 basis distally expanded, anterior margin with 2 short setae, posterior margin bare; carpus anterior margin smooth. Gnathopod 2 mediofacial setal row reaching 0.8 × propodus length. Epimeron 1 with 2 anterodistal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFC7C8597FC2108EA" blockId="14.[850,1452,253,1078]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFC7C8597FBBC08AA" box="[911,1076,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Color pattern</emphasis>
: When alive this species has yellow antennae and a white snowflake pattern on coxa 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFC7C85F7FC6E0B2A" blockId="14.[850,1452,253,1078]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFC7C85F7FC780B0A" box="[911,1008,509,534]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ecology</emphasis>
: This species was collected among coral rubble.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFC7C8637FB610AEA" blockId="14.[850,1452,253,1078]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFC7C8637FBC00B4A" box="[911,1096,573,598]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Relationships</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFBAC8637FAFD0B4A" authorityName="White &amp; Machida" authorityYear="2018" box="[1119,1397,573,598]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cracentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFBAC8637FAFD0B4A" box="[1119,1397,573,598]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leucothoe cracentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25057F8FFEABD0DFA778637FC0E0B6A" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFBE88657FA200B6A" authority="Barnard, 1959" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1959" box="[1051,1448,605,630]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFBE88657FB6C0B6A" box="[1051,1252,605,630]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leucothoe alata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B60FFEABD0DFB038657FA200B6A" author="Barnard JL" box="[1264,1448,605,630]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref12265" refString="Barnard JL. 1959. Estuarine Amphipoda. In: Barnard JL, Reish DJ (eds) Ecology of Amphipoda and Polychaeta of Newport Bay, California. Allan Hancock Foundation Publications Occasional Paper 21." type="journal volume" year="1959">Barnard, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFCA18677FB6D0B8A" authority="Ledoyer, 1973" authorityName="Ledoyer" authorityYear="1973" box="[850,1253,637,662]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFCA18677FBB80B8A" box="[850,1072,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leucothoe dentata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B60FFEABD0DFBC48677FB6D0B8A" author="Ledoyer M." box="[1079,1253,637,662]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="37 - 50" refId="ref13175" refString="Ledoyer M. 1973. Etude systematique des Amphipodes recueillis a tulear (Madagascar) lors d'une serie de peches a la lumiere. Comparison avec les phenomenes observes en Mediterranee. Tethys Sup 5: 37 - 50." type="journal article" year="1973">Ledoyer, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFB1C8677FB800BAA" authority="Barnard, 1970" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1970" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lihue">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFB1C8677FA230B8A" box="[1263,1451,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leucothoe lihue</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B60FFEABD0DFCA08697FB800BAA" author="Barnard JL" box="[851,1032,669,694]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 286" refId="ref12327" refString="Barnard JL. 1970. Sublittoral Gammaridea (Amphipoda) of the Hawaiian Islands. Smith Cont Zool 34: 1 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Barnard, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFBE48697FC1F0BCA" authority="Barnard, 1965" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1965" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micronesiae">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFBE48697FABF0BAA" box="[1047,1335,669,694]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leucothoe micronesiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B60FFEABD0DFAB18697FC1F0BCA" author="Barnard JL" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="459 - 552" refId="ref12302" refString="Barnard JL. 1965. Marine Amphipoda of Atolls in Micronesia. Proc US Nat Mus 117 (3516): 459 - 552." type="journal article" year="1965">Barnard, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFC5486B7FC1A0BEA" authority="White and Thomas, 2009" authorityName="White and Thomas" authorityYear="2009" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudicula">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFC5486B7FB170BCA" box="[935,1183,701,726]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leucothoe rudicula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B60FFEABD0DFB5F86B7FC1A0BEA" author="White KN &amp; Thomas JD" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="494 - 555" refId="ref14773" refString="White KN, Thomas JD. 2009. Leucothoidae. In: Lowry JK, Myers AA (eds) Amphipoda (Crustacea, Peracarida) of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Zootaxa 2260: 494 - 555." type="journal article" year="2009">White and Thomas, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in having round eyes, gnathopod 1 with stout carpus and short dactylus. 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFB5086F7FAB90A0A" authorityName="White &amp; Machida" authorityYear="2018" box="[1187,1329,765,790]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cracentis">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFB5086F7FAB90A0A" box="[1187,1329,765,790]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. cracentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique in having a strongly dentate gnathopod 1 carpus anterior margin. The distally truncate gnathopod 2 carpus is also shared with 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFB498757FA9E0A6A" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1959" box="[1210,1302,861,886]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFB498757FA9E0A6A" box="[1210,1302,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. alata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFADB8757FA0A0A6A" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1970" box="[1320,1410,861,886]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lihue">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFADB8757FA0A0A6A" box="[1320,1410,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. lihue</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFA668757FC390A8A" authorityName="White and Thomas" authorityYear="2009" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudicula">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFA668757FC390A8A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. rudicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFC098777FA200A8A" authority="Soika, 1949" authorityName="Soika" authorityYear="1949" box="[1018,1448,893,919]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venetiarum">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFC098777FA810A8A" box="[1018,1289,893,918]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Leucothoe venetiarum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B60FFEABD0DFAE08777FA200A8A" author="Soika AG" box="[1299,1448,893,919]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="165 - 212" refId="ref14024" refString="Soika AG. 1949. Gli anfipodi gammarini della Laguna di Venezia. Arch Ocean Limnol 6: 165 - 212." type="journal article" year="1949">Soika, 1949</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is only serrate in 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFB848797FA8F0AAA" authorityName="White &amp; Machida" authorityYear="2018" box="[1143,1287,925,950]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cracentis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFB848797FA8F0AAA" box="[1143,1287,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. cracentis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25057F8FFEABD0DFAE18797FAFB0AAA" box="[1298,1395,925,950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The short mandibular palp article 3 is shared with 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFA6687B7FC040AEA" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1959" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFA6687B7FC040AEA" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. alata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFC6887D7FC790AEA" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1970" box="[923,1009,989,1014]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lihue">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFC6887D7FC790AEA" box="[923,1009,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. lihue</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFBC787D7FB610AEA" box="[1076,1257,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C174D12FFEABD0DFBC787D7FB6E0AEA" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1965" box="[1076,1254,989,1014]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micronesiae">L. micronesiae</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA83691FFEABD0DFC7C87F7FC2B0D2A" blockId="14.[850,1452,253,1078]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B963EA83FFEABD0DFC7C87F7FBAE0D0A" box="[911,1062,1021,1046]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution</emphasis>
: Dongsha Atoll, 
<collectingCountry id="F3007601FFEABD0DFAF887F7FAEE0D0A" box="[1291,1382,1021,1046]" name="Taiwan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(this study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>