treatments-xml/data/03/98/A4/0398A450FF89EF62A115FE7CFCC4FDEB.xml

<document id="DAD051D58D7ED82E5E6B2D7838C2190E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158798" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49ba6c57-d17e-4bfb-8c37-8e3d92cab831" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158798" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461027752537" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, D. J." docDate="2004" docId="0398A450FF89EF62A115FE7CFCC4FDEB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00659.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 659" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Trionymus jonesi Williams, 2004, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFA1DC28FF8DEF65A01DFFCDFFB6FF9D" masterDocTitle="Two new mealybug species from the Falkland Islands (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae)" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698572692116" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="09AF4BE5D2026E6513B1FBE8A9A274AE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="36035798747E4639CFCFC32B9F3B8E34">
<mods:title id="E608D1AA4DFE9B5D653899053831D5D7">Two new mealybug species from the Falkland Islands (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0243D5E338B1DA91111635CAFF61DA3A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3E3E4F2EFF0A762F59B837C23B1CFB07">
<mods:roleTerm id="1154ED49913D930C4F2469A62C026B14">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D78EEAA1F4101E151A64BEFEA4356792">Williams, D. J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="05AF7F4A013EB7720F4A8F5418A9EA30">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="D6D9D82B1ED9040C63C6F792EFAF4434" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="7D806BC4887762AA47072EFB591B00E3">
<mods:title id="AC80902FA219B62951FE0B8E6D9C25C9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="409B48441208F2683205E7CBAC1C67AC">
<mods:date id="EDB257F20C1E5DECFDB89A212D46334B">2004</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="166BD2424E440666DB49348F0E8E792C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="60337D9DCB07BA937ED5D122A7520411">659</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="28C59D34E497F81C8E91C67113E9C1EC" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BD91E8B26795A07A29C43D3F83C6CF55">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="18C4BD962A7DF3FDA6EE46D580FC45E4">8</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="F2CDDFDA539046791C9541CE18CEC5F9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2A8871C6CC931D3B6F8D915C660B74C3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.158798</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E180251758BEEA4870BD69447F6DAF9B" type="GBIF-Dataset">49ba6c57-d17e-4bfb-8c37-8e3d92cab831</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2CF009D016B7650B0BB5B711353D0601" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E768C964F56F94E7A68EFF4F5AEC23DB" type="Zenodo-Dep">158798</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="02488F14C83EFE6C9AF95BB2925F35AE" type="ZooBank">59CAD560-4755-44B3-9018-CEAB6E1A606A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0398A450FF89EF62A115FE7CFCC4FDEB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6271901" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119606635" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6271901" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398A450FF89EF62A115FE7CFCC4FDEB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0398A450FF89EF62A115FE7CFCC4FDEB" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="C32B46CDFF89EF61A115FE7CFED6FE73" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF89EF61A115FE7CFD89FE56" blockId="4.[264,575,433,494]" box="[264,575,433,459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="D0C6A22AFF89EF61A115FE7CFD89FE56" bold="true" box="[264,575,433,459]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF89EF61A115FE7CFD89FE56" bold="true" box="[264,575,433,459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF89EF61A115FE7CFE6CFE56" box="[264,474,433,459]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF89EF61A115FE7CFE6CFE56" bold="true" box="[264,474,433,459]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Trionymus jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A276742FFF89EF61A1FCFE7CFD89FE56" box="[481,575,433,459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF89EF61A115FE19FED6FE73" blockId="4.[264,575,433,494]" box="[264,352,468,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(Fig. 2)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B46CDFF89EF60A115FDD4FED8FDBB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF89EF61A115FDD4FE24FDAF" blockId="4.[264,1324,537,1887]" box="[264,402,537,562]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF89EF61A115FDD4FE24FDAF" box="[264,402,537,562]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF89EF61A125FD8CFEF9FAE2" blockId="4.[264,1324,537,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body of adult female on microscope slide membranous, broadly oval, widest at about metathorax; 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A180FDA4FDFFFD1E" box="[413,585,617,643]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.3">1.30–1.60 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A288FDA4FCF7FD1E" box="[661,833,617,643]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.15" valueMin="0.85">0.85–1.15 mm</quantity>
wide. Anal lobes poorly developed, ventral surface of each lobe bearing an apical seta 100–115 µm long. Antennae each 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A115FD74FE2FFD4E" box="[264,409,697,723]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="190.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="180.0">180­200 m</quantity>
long, with 6 segments. Legs well developed, small for size of body; hind trochanter + femur 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A1D3FD2CFDD3FD66" box="[462,613,737,763]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="135.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="120.0">120–150 m</quantity>
long, hind tibia + tarsus 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A38CFD2CFB90FD66" box="[913,1062,737,763]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="120.0" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="110.0">110–130 m</quantity>
long; claws stout and curved, each about 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A1F7FCC4FD80FCBE" box="[490,566,777,803]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
long, bearing a pair of knobbed digitules, each noticeably longer than claw. All legs with short setae, except for conspicuously long distal trochanteral setae, each about 60 µm long. Ratio of lengths of hind tibia + tarsus to hind trochanter + femur 0.86–0.91. Ratio of lengths of hind tibia to tarsus 1.75–2.25. Translucent pores on anterior surface of hind coxa in most specimens, but a few specimens with translucent pores on both surfaces: one specimen with translucent pores also on posterior surfaces of hind femur and tibia. Labium about 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A26BFC34FD75FB8E" box="[630,707,1017,1043]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
long, a little shorter than clypeolabral shield. Circulus absent. Ostioles present, poorly developed; posterior pair each with 0–2 trilocular pores on each lip, anterior pair of ostioles represented by mere slits, barely perceptible. Anal ring bearing 6 setae, each 
<quantity id="4CC9B8A3FF89EF61A297FBBCFC94FB16" box="[650,802,1137,1163]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="110.0" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="105.0">105–115 m</quantity>
long, and 2 rows of cells, all situated on a wide rim. Cerarii numbering at most 3 pairs. Anal lobe cerarii each containing a pair of conical setae, each about 15 µm long and 5 µm wide at base, a single auxiliary seta and a cluster of trilocular pores, all situated on a membranous area. Penultimate cerarii (C17) each consisting of a pair of conical setae and a group of trilocular pores. Cerarii on abdominal segment VI (C16) each with at most a single conical setae and a group of trilocular pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF89EF61A125FA40FB03F922" blockId="4.[264,1324,537,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dorsal surface of body with short stiff setae, the majority each about 5 µm long, present mainly across middle of segments, but absent from submarginal areas: wide intersegmental areas also devoid of setae; longer setae, each 12.5–15.0 µm long, present across posterior abdominal segments but leaving a bare area above anal ring. Multilocular disc pores absent. Trilocular pores, each with thick rim, distributed in areas occupied by setae; noticeable concentrations on anal lobes, extending to submarginal areas; present also on marginal areas of abdominal segments VI and VII and extending to submarginal areas; elsewhere fairly sparse. Discoidal pores absent. Oral collar tubular ducts absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF89EF60A125F900FED8FDBB" blockId="4.[264,1324,537,1887]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1323,284,550]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ventral surface with short setae, similar to short setae on dorsum, sparsely distributed, leaving many bare areas; cisanal and obanal setae each about 25 µm long. Multilocular disc pores, each about 7.5 µm in diameter, present on posterior segments of abdomen only, fairly widely spaced in single rows across posterior edges of abdominal segments VI and VII; reaching lateral margins; a few also on posterior edge of abdominal segment V, at anterior edge of abdominal segment VI and in area posterior to vulva: total numbers of multilocular disc pores varying from 40–100. Trilocular pores sparsely distributed near setae. Discoidal pores absent. Oral collar tubular ducts, each about as long as a multilocular disc pore and narrower than a trilocular pore, few, 1 or 2 present medially on abdominal segment IV and occurring in single rows across middle of abdominal segments VI–VIII, to margins.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B46CDFF88EF60A115FD9AFBF7FCFC" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF88EF60A115FD9AFE5BFDEC" blockId="5.[264,1323,599,865]" box="[264,493,599,625]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A115FD9AFE50FDED" box="[264,486,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF88EF60A125FDB2FE79FD74" blockId="5.[264,1323,599,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="548AABE4FF88EF60A125FDB2FE65FD04" box="[312,467,639,665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
adult Ψ, 
<collectingCountry id="F32655D6FF88EF60A253FDB3FC93FD05" box="[590,805,638,664]" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A253FDB3FC93FD05" bold="true" box="[590,805,638,664]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Falkland Islands</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
, East Falkland, Cusby’s Hill, on roots of 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A115FD6AFDDCFD5C" box="[264,618,679,705]" class="Insecta" family="Rutelidae" genus="Bolax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gummifera">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A115FD6AFE6FFD5D" box="[264,473,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolax gummifera</emphasis>
(Apiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, extracted by Tullgren funnel apparatus, 
<date id="FF8F3386FF88EF60A46CFD6AFB69FD5C" box="[1137,1247,679,705]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2002-11-07">7.xi.2002</date>
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A4F2FD6AFEE3FD75" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">(A.G. Jones)</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED208D83FF88EF60A179FD02FE75FD74" box="[356,451,719,745]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BNMH</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF88EF60A125FD3AFBF7FCFC" blockId="5.[264,1323,599,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="548AABE4FF88EF60A125FD3AFE6BFC8C" box="[312,477,759,785]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32655D6FF88EF60A1F6FD3BFD09FC8D" box="[491,703,758,784]" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A1F6FD3BFD09FC8D" bold="true" box="[491,703,758,784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Falkland Islands</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
, same data as 
<typeStatus id="548AABE4FF88EF60A369FD3AFC6BFC8C" box="[884,989,759,785]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D37DECFFF88EF60A3F1FD3AFBF6FC8C" box="[1004,1088,759,785]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
Ψ, 2 3rd­instar ΨΨ (on same slide as 
<typeStatus id="548AABE4FF88EF60A1F9FCD2FDFAFCA4" box="[484,588,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED208D83FF88EF60A27AFCD2FD73FCA4" box="[615,709,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BMNH</collectionCode>
); Mt Usborne, on roots of 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A413FCD2FB07FCA5" box="[1038,1201,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Rutelidae" genus="Bolax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gummifera">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A413FCD2FB07FCA5" box="[1038,1201,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. gummifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="FF8F3386FF88EF60A4DFFCD2FA9CFCA4" box="[1218,1322,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2004-02-07">7.ii.2004</date>
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A115FC8AFE2EFCFD" box="[264,408,839,864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">(A.G. Jones)</emphasis>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D37DECFFF88EF60A1BBFC8AFE41FCFC" box="[422,503,839,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="adult">6 adult</specimenCount>
ΨΨ, 2 3rd­instar ?? (
<collectionCode id="ED208D83FF88EF60A2F1FC8AFCFCFCFC" box="[748,842,839,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BMNH</collectionCode>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D37DECFFF88EF60A343FC8AFC19FCFC" box="[862,943,839,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
Ψ (
<collectionCode id="ED208D83FF88EF60A3C7FC8AFB83FCFC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[986,1077,839,865]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B46CDFF88EF60A115FC41FD6EFB83" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF88EF60A115FC41FE33FC38" blockId="5.[264,1323,908,1054]" box="[264,389,908,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A115FC41FE33FC38" box="[264,389,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF88EF60A125FC79FD6EFB83" blockId="5.[264,1323,908,1054]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The species is named after Alexander G. Jones, University of 
<collectingCountry id="F32655D6FF88EF60A417FC79FBE2FC53" box="[1034,1108,948,974]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Wales</collectingCountry>
, Bangor, who collected all the specimens discussed in this work during expeditions for Falklands Conservation and made them available for study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32B46CDFF88EF62A115FB84FCC4FDEB" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF88EF60A115FB84FE35FBFF" blockId="5.[264,1324,1097,1883]" box="[264,387,1097,1122]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A115FB84FE35FBFF" box="[264,387,1097,1122]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Comments</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF88EF60A125FBBCFCE2F8C6" blockId="5.[264,1324,1097,1883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
There are no close relatives of 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A2B9FBBCFCDBFB17" box="[676,877,1137,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A2B9FBBCFCDBFB17" box="[676,877,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Trionymus jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the New World, although the mealybug resembles some species presently included in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A371FB54FBC0FB2E" authority="Ferris." authorityName="Ferris." box="[876,1142,1177,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Chnaurococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A371FB54FB95FB2F" box="[876,1059,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chnaurococcus</emphasis>
Ferris.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A460FB54FB56FB2F" box="[1149,1248,1177,1202]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A460FB54FB56FB2F" box="[1149,1248,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, is not congeneric with the 
<typeStatus id="548AABE4FF88EF60A280FB0CFD79FB46" box="[669,719,1217,1243]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
species 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A320FB0CFB8DFB46" authority="Ehrhorn" authorityName="Ehrhorn" box="[829,1083,1217,1243]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Chnaurococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A320FB0CFC0EFB47" box="[829,952,1217,1242]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. villosus</emphasis>
(Ehrhorn)
</taxonomicName>
, a North American species, which possesses dorsal oral collar tubular ducts, each with a deep collar. In lacking a circulus, dorsal oral collar tubular ducts, and dorsal multilocular disc pores, 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A4DAFADCFA9CFAB7" box="[1223,1322,1297,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A4DAFADCFA9CFAB7" box="[1223,1322,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears a superficial resemblance to 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A2B8FAF4FBF0FACE" authority="McConnell" authorityName="McConnell" box="[677,1094,1337,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="junceus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A2B8FAF4FC15FACF" box="[677,931,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dysmicoccus junceus</emphasis>
(McConnell)
</taxonomicName>
, a North American species formerly included in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A2C5FAACFBA7FAE6" authority="Berg. However" authorityName="Berg. However" box="[728,1041,1377,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A2C5FAACFCE2FAE7" box="[728,852,1377,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Trionymus</emphasis>
Berg. However
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A400FAACFB2DFAE7" box="[1053,1179,1377,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="junceus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A400FAACFB2DFAE7" box="[1053,1179,1377,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. junceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses 6 pairs of cerarii and was transferred to 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A2D9FA44FCE9FA3F" box="[708,863,1417,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A2D9FA44FCE9FA3F" box="[708,863,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dysmicoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA068B7FF88EF60A396FA44FBE8FA3E" author="McKenzie" box="[907,1118,1417,1443]" pageId="5" pageNumber="8" refString="McKenzie, H. L. (1967) Mealybugs of California with Taxonomy, Biology and Control of North American Species (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae). University of California Press, California, 524 pp." type="book" year="1967">McKenzie (1967)</bibRefCitation>
. The new species is included in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A1ACFA7CFD9DFA57" box="[433,555,1457,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A1ACFA7CFD9DFA57" box="[433,555,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Trionymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus differing from 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A353FA7CFC5FFA57" box="[846,1001,1457,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A353FA7CFC5FFA57" box="[846,1001,1457,1482]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dysmicoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in possessing fewer than 6 pairs of cerarii. Among the species in the New World currently placed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A495FA14FAB2FA6F" box="[1160,1284,1497,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A495FA14FAB2FA6F" box="[1160,1284,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Trionymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A508FA14FEF8F987" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A508FA14FEF8F987" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comes closest to 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A23DF9CCFC2CF986" authority="Miller &amp; McKenzie" authorityName="Miller &amp; McKenzie" box="[544,922,1537,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coroneus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A23DF9CCFD1FF987" box="[544,681,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. coroneus</emphasis>
Miller &amp; McKenzie
</taxonomicName>
(described from 
<collectingCountry id="F32655D6FF88EF60A47BF9CCFB77F986" box="[1126,1217,1537,1563]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mexico</collectingCountry>
) in lacking a circulus, dorsal multilocular disc pores, and dorsal oral collar tubular ducts. 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A4D3F9E4FE8BF9F7" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coroneus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A4D3F9E4FE8BF9F7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. coroneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, possesses a single pair of cerarii only, and oral collar tubular ducts on the venter are present at least as far forward as abdominal segment III; in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A45EF9B4FB10F90F" box="[1091,1190,1657,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A45EF9B4FB10F90F" box="[1091,1190,1657,1682]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there are 3 pairs of cerarii at most and the ventral oral collar tubular ducts are much fewer and present mainly on abdominal segments V­VII, with only an occasional duct occurring on abdominal segment IV. 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A1DAF93CFD56F896" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[455,736,1777,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danthoniae">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A1DAF93CFDDFF897" box="[455,617,1777,1802]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. danthoniae</emphasis>
Morrison
</taxonomicName>
, known from Campbell 
<collectingCountry id="F32655D6FF88EF60A3E3F93CFBF3F896" box="[1022,1093,1777,1803]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Island</collectingCountry>
on grass roots, differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF88EF60A199F8D4FE5DF8AF" box="[388,491,1817,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF88EF60A199F8D4FE5DF8AF" box="[388,491,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in possessing 1 or 2 circuli, and apparently multilocular disc pores present on the venter as far forward as the labium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E1546FF8AEF62A125FED1FCC4FDEB" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Among the African species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A2BCFED1FCADFEA8" box="[673,795,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A2BCFED1FCADFEA8" box="[673,795,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Trionymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A331FED1FC3BFEA8" box="[812,909,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A331FED1FC3BFEA8" box="[812,909,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resembles 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A473FED1FEF1FEC3" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A473FED1FAB6FEA8" box="[1134,1280,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. pygmaeus</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32655D6FF8AEF62A515FED1FA9CFEAB" box="[1288,1322,284,310]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">De</collectingCountry>
Lotto
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A19FFE89FCA6FEC3" authority="De Lotto. However" authorityName="De Lotto. However" box="[386,784,324,350]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhizophilus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A19FFE89FD94FEC0" box="[386,546,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. rhizophilus</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32655D6FF8AEF62A237FE89FDFAFEC3" box="[554,588,324,350]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">De</collectingCountry>
Lotto. However
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A301FE89FC19FEC0" box="[796,943,324,349]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A301FE89FC19FEC0" box="[796,943,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. pygmaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, possesses 5 pairs of cerarii and the antennae are 7­segmented, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A2C3FEA1FCC9FE18" box="[734,895,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhizophilus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A2C3FEA1FCC9FE18" box="[734,895,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. rhizophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although possessing 2 pairs of cerarii, also has dorsal oral collar tubular ducts that are lacking in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A403FE59FB30FE30" box="[1054,1158,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A403FE59FB30FE30" box="[1054,1158,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Besides, the antennae in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A189FE71FD82FE48" box="[404,564,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhizophilus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A189FE71FD82FE48" box="[404,564,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. rhizophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are each 8­segmented, whereas in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A3D4FE71FB9DFE48" box="[969,1067,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A3D4FE71FB9DFE48" box="[969,1067,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T. jonesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the antennae are each 6­segmented. It seems best to retain the new species in 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A3B6FE29FB91FE60" box="[939,1063,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A3B6FE29FB91FE60" box="[939,1063,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Trionymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the species has unusual characters. The concentration of thick­rimmed trilocular pores on the dorsal posterior segments is particularly striking. The genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C316EC5FF8AEF62A367FDF9FC40FDD0" box="[890,1014,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Trionymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945C954FF8AEF62A367FDF9FC40FDD0" box="[890,1014,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Trionymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
normally includes species that feed on grasses, although exceptions are known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>