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<document id="87C9473D6FDD2FE233FCBB07354663E4" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.8" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874533" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727817366072" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cascante-Marín, Alfredo &amp; Muller, Fred" docDate="2020" docId="03DA8A5BAE32FFEE63F5FC783D52A5FB" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.436.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 436 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Chamaedorea vanninii Cascante &amp; Muller 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="FFE3F223AE33FFEA637DFFAC3F3BA340" masterDocTitle="A new species of understory palm of the genus Chamaedorea (Arecaceae: Arecoideae) from Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="80" updateTime="1727820028047" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="4ECD652D41F96514C78BBC88A9241A16" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="F35F10E3A18534376A89D81F21F43603">
<mods:title id="2203EB823363D833E043C6F4928A0498">A new species of understory palm of the genus Chamaedorea (Arecaceae: Arecoideae) from Costa Rica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F19794CA86B5FAEA81955DD394FF06BE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2B8BE140FA79559FE026A2BC0A19696D">
<mods:roleTerm id="E2DD993ABF9D9B5A5A247E2904657FE7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3A842648619869D87A8F1A1AA9530A22">Cascante-Marín, Alfredo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C4761792A1FC52AACE2C7827F8C07AC3">School of Biology and USJ Herbarium, University of Costa Rica, 11501 - 2060 San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="32931120DD98CB8DE9AAE72C39C9C141" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2B068D38A40FFA33B998C84B21D3560D">
<mods:roleTerm id="F1F1D234A509DCF1D9268263A91867D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="426FA27B985D471198E09A2EE6381250">Muller, Fred</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2148779350D284BD92DFA4A4388A77E4">Unaffiliated, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="ABE28C64BB693FC2261030607F37718C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5341CE83D44D94D29D653773F1BB973C">
<mods:title id="B202DD377241EB9505A482BAE6AD00D4">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="94BA41ADE934C9A6926339437571E5A2">
<mods:date id="A41919BB828F3D2F0BBBBD8FAE039F35">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4BB284AA48B75A567E73A5681B061572" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3B9C6DAE3F82B13DADA23B977786B08F">2020-03-16</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A3E73BDEE9224B97720523E2C28BC4CD" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4EB0C12765D5027166F667757ECF960D">436</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C5E3C4DD5E99D1C0913626F5B300FA8D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="8208B1CAD5960CD73FFACEC28D69756E">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B7A642FEE925FBDD44F9F13E63FA5AE9" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B90E85AD908277D5C45ADA1C27E9312E">79</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="37E0E6B449C51FBC83FEE0E87EB20585">
<mods:url id="2FE7AAC3DC9784CD04C4317FB9DF7C44">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.8</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="70086B62A8244BF3A6DEEDC2535DA744">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8BB5AA26C1E1C827C88EB3E629F8A8D6" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B0FA32189B7FFEB25CDAC8A943C00175" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A12521F4085C3B40F25E1FF4734969BC" type="Zenodo-Dep">13874533</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DA8A5BAE32FFEE63F5FC783D52A5FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874525" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874525" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8A5BAE32FFEE63F5FC783D52A5FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA8A5BAE32FFEE63F5FC783D52A5FB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<subSubSection id="C36968C6AE32FFEB63F5FC783C76A0AE" box="[136,845,980,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE32FFEB63F5FC783C76A0AE" blockId="1.[136,845,980,1007]" box="[136,845,980,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<heading id="D0848C21AE32FFEB63F5FC783C76A0AE" box="[136,845,980,1007]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB63F5FC783D56A0AE" ID-CoL="9V4NW" authority="Cascante &amp; Muller" authorityName="Cascante &amp; Muller" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,621,980,1007]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB63F5FC783EAAA0AE" bold="true" box="[136,401,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Chamaedorea vanninii</emphasis>
Cascante &amp; Muller
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2345A24AE32FFEB6109FC793DF0A0AF" box="[628,715,981,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6109FC793DF8A0AE" box="[628,707,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="134827C8AE32FFEB61A7FC783C1CA0AE" box="[730,807,980,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1613,1635]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,187,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-25@2.[151,1435,187,1586]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Chamaedora vanninii.A. Staminate plant habit. B. Male inflorescence, C. Male flowers arrangement. D. Male flowers closeup. E. Male flower drawing. F. Dissected male flower drawing. Photos and drawings by A. Cascante-Marín." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874535/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134827C8AE32FFEB6048FC783C7FA0AE" box="[821,836,980,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1614,1636]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1590]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1435,190,1590]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Chamaedora vanninii.A. Pistillate plant habit. B. Female inflorescence. C. Female flowers arrangement. D. Female flowers close-up. E. Developing fruits with persistent and thickened petals. F. Immature fruits. Photos by A. Cascante-Marín." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874541" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874541/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36968C6AE32FFEB63F5FC573B68A7E1" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE32FFEB63F5FC573B68A7E1" blockId="1.[136,1452,1019,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB63F5FC573FC8A751" bold="true" box="[136,243,1019,1041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB6276FC503EDFA751" box="[267,484,1020,1041]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6276FC503EDFA751" box="[267,484,1020,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Chamaedorea vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB6055FC503B4CA751" authority="Hodel &amp; Uhl (1990: 120)" authorityName="Hodel &amp; Uhl" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1990" box="[808,1143,1020,1042]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robertii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6055FC503CB2A751" box="[808,905,1020,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">C. robertii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE32FFEB60F0FC503B4CA751" author="Hodel, D. R. &amp; Uhl, N." box="[909,1143,1020,1042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" pagination="120 - 133" refId="ref3114" refString="Hodel, D. R. &amp; Uhl, N. (1990) A new species of Chamaedorea from Costa Rica and Panama. Principes 34: 120 - 133." type="journal article" year="1990">Hodel &amp; Uhl (1990: 120)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB6677FC503E49A776" authority="Oersted (1858: 15)" authorityName="Oersted" authorityPageNumber="15" authorityYear="1858" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chamaedoropsis">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6677FC503A97A751" box="[1290,1452,1020,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Chamaedoropsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE32FFEB63C0FB8C3E49A776" author="Oersted, A. S." box="[189,370,1056,1078]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref3320" refString="Oersted, A. S. (1858) Palmae centroamericanae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KJObenhavn 1858: 1 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 139305" type="journal article" year="1858">Oersted (1858: 15)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in its simple and bifid leaves and spicate inflorescences in both genders. The new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB663AFB8C3A90A775" box="[1351,1451,1056,1077]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robertii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB663AFB8C3A90A775" box="[1351,1451,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">C. robertii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having conspicuously echinulate-medusoid and orange ripe fruits versus smooth and black purple fruits in the latter species. Also, peduncle bracts in developing pistillate inflorescences of
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB6053FBC43CA0A73D" box="[814,923,1128,1149]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6053FBC43CA0A73D" box="[814,923,1128,1149]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are green as opposed to burgundy in
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB666FFBC43ABBA73D" box="[1298,1408,1128,1149]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB666FFBC43A47A73D" box="[1298,1404,1128,1149]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robertii">C. robertii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The androecium of staminate flowers of
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE32FFEB6164FB203DBFA7E1" box="[537,644,1164,1185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6164FB203DBFA7E1" box="[537,644,1164,1185]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is composed of a single whorl of three stamens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36968C6AE32FFEB63F5FB1C3FEAA49E" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE32FFEB63F5FB1C3C4EA7A9" blockId="1.[136,1452,1019,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB63F5FB1C3FE1A785" bold="true" box="[136,218,1200,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Type:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3110AE32FFEB63A7FB1C3C49A7A9" collectingDate="2018-05-10" collectionCode="USJ, CR, MO" country="Costa Rica" county="Copey" location="Pacifico Central" municipality="Dota. Estribaciones de la Cordillera de Talamanca" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="San Jose" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3647BDDAE32FFEB63A7FB1C3E52A785" box="[218,361,1200,1221]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49B7F5AFAE32FFEB6209FB1C3EF7A785" box="[372,460,1200,1221]" country="Costa Rica" name="San Jose" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">San José</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62AD43C1AE32FFEB62ABFB1C3D2DA785" box="[470,534,1200,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Copey</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA8A137AE32FFEB615DFB1C3B30A786" box="[544,1035,1200,1222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Dota. Estribaciones de la Cordillera de Talamanca</collectingMunicipality>
, región del
<location id="8EAC6D96AE32FFEB6702FB1C3A25A786" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8A5BAE32FFEE63F5FC783D52A5FB:8EAC6D96AE32FFEB6702FB1C3A25A786" box="[1151,1310,1200,1222]" country="Costa Rica" county="Copey" municipality="Dota. Estribaciones de la Cordillera de Talamanca" name="Pacifico Central" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" stateProvince="San Jose">Pacífico Central</location>
,
<date id="FFCD1D8DAE32FFEB6654FB1C3A90A785" box="[1321,1451,1200,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" value="2018-05-10">
<collectingDate id="EF89E465AE32FFEB6654FB1C3A90A785" box="[1321,1451,1200,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" value="2018-05-10">10 May 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
(fr.),
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6393FB783EC5A7A9" box="[238,510,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<location id="8EAC6D96AE32FFEB6393FB783EB0A7A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8A5BAE32FFEE63F5FC783D52A5FB:8EAC6D96AE32FFEB6393FB783EB0A7A9" box="[238,395,1236,1257]" country="Costa Rica" county="Copey" municipality="Dota. Estribaciones de la Cordillera de Talamanca" name="Cascante-Marin" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" stateProvince="San Jose">Cascante-Marín</location>
et al. 2761.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54C885EFAE32FFEB6177FB783D58A7AA" box="[522,611,1236,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED62A388AE32FFEB6111FB783DA0A7A9" box="[620,667,1236,1257]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15819" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15819" name="Universidad de Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="University or college">USJ</collectionCode>
!;
<typeStatus id="54C885EFAE32FFEB61D4FB783DC0A7AA" box="[681,763,1236,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED62A388AE32FFEB6079FB783C10A7A9" box="[772,811,1236,1257]" country="Costa Rica" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15652" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="Herbarium">CR</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED62A388AE32FFEB6045FB783C5DA7A9" box="[824,870,1236,1257]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE32FFEB63F5FAB43B34A432" blockId="1.[136,1452,1304,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
Solitary understory palm, stem decumbent, apically erect to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB6045FAB43C45A673" box="[824,894,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="90.0">90 cm</quantity>
high (at leaf height).
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6704FAB43B8DA672" bold="true" box="[1145,1206,1304,1330]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Stem</emphasis>
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB67C3FAB43A26A673" box="[1214,1309,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9 mm</quantity>
in diameter, green, ringed, internodes 1.0–
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB62A5FA903D1FA617" box="[472,548,1340,1367]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
long, developing adventitious roots.
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB60BAFA903B22A616" bold="true" box="[967,1049,1340,1366]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Leaves</emphasis>
6–9, blade simple and bifid; sheath
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB63F5FACC3E28A63B" box="[136,275,1376,1403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.5" valueMin="7.5">7.5–10.5 cm</quantity>
long, splitting opposite petiole and tubular in proximal 2/3;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB60C4FACC3B33A63A" bold="true" box="[953,1032,1376,1402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">petiole</emphasis>
12.0–17.5 long, channeled adaxially, rounded abaxially;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6220FA283EA5A6DE" bold="true" box="[349,414,1412,1438]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">blade</emphasis>
22.5–32.5 ×
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB6150FA283D89A6DF" box="[557,690,1412,1439]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="20.75" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="15.5">15.5–26 cm</quantity>
, incised apically 2/3–1/2 its length, each lobe
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB67D5FA283A7BA6DF" box="[1192,1344,1412,1439]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.95" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="17.0" valueMax="19.5" valueMin="14.5">14.5–19.5 cm</quantity>
long, tips 16.0–
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB63BAFA043E1BA683" box="[199,288,1448,1475]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="23.5">23.5 cm</quantity>
apart; (10) 12–14 raised and prominent primary nerves on each side of the rachis, margins conspicuously toothed in the distal half.
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB62C8FA603D65A6A6" bold="true" box="[437,606,1484,1510]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Inflorescences</emphasis>
3–4 per plant, solitary, spicate, becoming infrafoliar with age. Staminate with peduncle to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB6230FA5C3EA1A54B" box="[333,410,1520,1547]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="6.5">6.5 cm</quantity>
long; erect-ascending, 3–4 peduncular bracts, green; rachis or flowering portion to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB662DFA5C3A90A54B" box="[1360,1451,1520,1547]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="16.5">16.5 cm</quantity>
long, pendulous, flowers develop basipetally. Pistillate inflorescence with peduncle to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB672EF9B83B97A56F" box="[1107,1196,1556,1583]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="11.5">11.5 cm</quantity>
long; erect-ascending, green but turning orange in fruit, 3–4 peduncular bracts green, deciduous; rachis or flowering portion to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB6662F9943A50A513" box="[1311,1387,1592,1619]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB63F5F9F03E5BA536" bold="true" box="[136,352,1628,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
arranged in 5 spirals, closely placed but not contiguous, greenish-yellow;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB67D5F9F03BCBA536" bold="true" box="[1192,1264,1628,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">sepals</emphasis>
to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB6668F9F03A50A537" box="[1301,1387,1628,1655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long, connate, 3-lobed apically, lobes with a lateral thickening;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6068F92C3C60A5DA" bold="true" box="[789,859,1664,1690]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">petals</emphasis>
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB601EF92C3CEEA5DB" box="[867,981,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
long, not nerved, connate in basal 2/3, 3- lobed apically, thickened and persistent in fruit;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB61E0F9083C30A5FE" bold="true" box="[669,779,1700,1726]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">filaments</emphasis>
3, basally connate, similar in length with the petals;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB662CF9083A90A5FE" bold="true" box="[1361,1451,1700,1726]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">anthers</emphasis>
to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB63DBF9643FC5A5A3" box="[166,254,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
long, slightly protruding between the corolla lobes;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB602EF9643CFBA5A2" bold="true" box="[851,960,1736,1762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">pistillode</emphasis>
present, shortly 3-lobed.
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6799F9643A90A5A2" bold="true" box="[1252,1451,1736,1762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
in 5 spirals, densely arranged, contiguous, yellow, sunken in circular depressions
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB675FF9403B42A447" box="[1058,1145,1772,1799]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
across;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB67ABF9403A2FA446" bold="true" box="[1238,1300,1772,1798]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">calyx</emphasis>
ring-like, ca.
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB63F5F8BC3FE5A46B" box="[136,222,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
high,
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6258F8BC3E56A46A" bold="true" box="[293,365,1808,1834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">sepals</emphasis>
connate;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB62A4F8BC3D24A46A" bold="true" box="[473,543,1808,1834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">petals</emphasis>
connate;
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB61F0F8BC3DE7A46A" bold="true" box="[653,732,1808,1834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">stigma</emphasis>
3-lobed, protruding from the corolla; staminodes absent.
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB661FF8BC3A90A46A" bold="true" box="[1378,1451,1808,1834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Fruits</emphasis>
globose,
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE32FFEB6391F8983E73A40F" box="[236,328,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
in diameter, not angled or compressed by mutual pressure, epicarp echinulate-medusoid, green when immature changing to yellow and orange-red when mature. Seeds not examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE32FFEB63C0F8D03FEAA49E" blockId="1.[136,1452,1304,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3110AE32FFEB63C0F8D03DC9A4FA" collectingDate="2018-12-12" collectionCode="USJ" country="Costa Rica" county="Copey" location="Same" municipality="Cascante-Marin" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="San Jose">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB63C0F8D03DE3A4D6" bold="true" box="[189,728,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<typeStatus id="54C885EFAE32FFEB63C0F8D03D07A4D6" box="[189,572,1916,1942]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="54C885EFAE32FFEB6133F8D03DF0A4D6" box="[590,715,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="F3647BDDAE32FFEB6189F8D03CA7A4D6" box="[756,924,1916,1942]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8EAC6D96AE32FFEB60D4F8D03CDCA4D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8A5BAE32FFEE63F5FC783D52A5FB:8EAC6D96AE32FFEB60D4F8D03CDCA4D6" box="[937,999,1916,1942]" country="Costa Rica" municipality="Cascante-Marin" name="Same" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Same</location>
location as the holotype.
<date id="FFCD1D8DAE32FFEB666EF8D03FFBA4FA" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" value="2018-12-12">
<collectingDate id="EF89E465AE32FFEB666EF8D03FFBA4FA" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" value="2018-12-12">12 December 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
(staminate, fl.),
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB620BF80C3D9CA4FA" box="[374,679,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA8A137AE32FFEB620BF80C3D15A4FA" box="[374,558,1952,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Cascante-Marín</collectingMunicipality>
et al. 2827
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED62A388AE32FFEB61CBF80C3DD1A4FA" box="[694,746,1952,1978]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15819" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15819" name="Universidad de Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="University or college">USJ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3110AE32FFEB6181F80C3FF7A49E" collectingDate="2018-12-12" collectionCode="USJ" country="Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFCD1D8DAE32FFEB6181F80C3CF4A4FA" box="[764,975,1952,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" value="2018-12-12">
<collectingDate id="EF89E465AE32FFEB6181F80C3CF4A4FA" box="[764,975,1952,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" value="2018-12-12">12 December 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
(pistillate, fl.),
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE32FFEB6704F80C3A90A4FA" box="[1145,1451,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="80">Cascante-Marín et al. 2828</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED62A388AE32FFEB63EDF8683FFFA49E" box="[144,196,1988,2014]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15819" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15819" name="Universidad de Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="80" type="University or college">USJ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0C6BC5AE31FFE863F5F9E13BAFA5C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874535" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874535/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" startId="2.[136,229,1613,1635]" targetBox="[151,1435,187,1586]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE31FFE863F5F9E13BAFA5C6" blockId="2.[136,1451,1613,1671]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE863F5F9E13FC6A522" bold="true" box="[136,253,1613,1635]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE8627FF9E13EE0A523" box="[258,475,1613,1635]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
Chamaedora
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE31FFE862F8F9E23EECA523" box="[389,471,1614,1635]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">vanninii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Staminate plant habit. B. Male inflorescence, C. Male flowers arrangement. D. Male flowers closeup. E. Male flower drawing. F. Dissected male flower drawing. Photos and drawings by A. Cascante-Marín.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36968C6AE31FFE863C0F9193BE7A48C" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE31FFE863C0F9193E69A5B4" blockId="2.[136,1452,1717,2068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE863C0F9193E62A58F" bold="true" box="[189,345,1717,1743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Distribution:</emphasis>
—Endemic to the foothills of the Talamanca Mountain Range in the Central Pacific region of
<collectingCountry id="F3647BDDAE31FFE86611F91A3F80A5B4" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
at
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE31FFE863A3F9763E1EA5B4" box="[222,293,1754,1780]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="820.0">820 m</quantity>
asl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE31FFE863C0F9513FF9A4E8" blockId="2.[136,1452,1717,2068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE863C0F9513E80A458" bold="true" box="[189,443,1789,1816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Habitat and Ecology:</emphasis>
—The only known population grows in the understory of a humid riverine forest on a steep terrain. The vegetation is classified as Very Humid Premontane Forest according to Holdridge’s Life Zones System (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE31FFE863EDF8EA3E9FA420" author="Bolanos, R. &amp; Watson, V." box="[144,420,1862,1888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" refId="ref2755" refString="Bolanos, R. &amp; Watson, V. (1993) Mapa ecologico de Costa Rica, segun el sistema de clasificacion de Zonas de Vida del mundo de L. R. Holdridge. 1: 200 000. Centro Cientifico Tropical, San Jose, Costa Rica." type="book" year="1993">Bolaños &amp; Watson 1993</bibRefCitation>
). Other congeners growing in the site were the dwarf and simple-leaved
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE31FFE867BAF8EA3EA5A4C4" authority="H. Wendl. ex Dammer (1904: 246)" authorityName="Dammer" authorityPageNumber="246" authorityYear="1904" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE867BAF8EA3A0EA420" box="[1223,1333,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">C. pumila</emphasis>
H. Wendl. ex Dammer (1904: 246)
</taxonomicName>
and the short-stemmed, acaulescent long-pinnate leaved
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE31FFE8674DF8C63F85A4E8" authority="Wendland (1880: 101)" authorityName="Wendland" authorityPageNumber="101" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachyclada">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE8674DF8C63BE4A4C4" box="[1072,1247,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">C. brachyclada</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE31FFE86795F8C63F85A4E8" author="Wendland, H. A." pageId="2" pageNumber="81" pagination="101 - 105" refId="ref3608" refString="Wendland, H. A. (1880) Beitrag zur Palmenflora Amerikas. Gartenflora 29: 101 - 105." type="journal article" year="1880">Wendland (1880: 101)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE31FFE863C0F81E3BE7A48C" blockId="2.[136,1452,1717,2068]" box="[189,1244,1970,1996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE863C0F81E3E78A48C" bold="true" box="[189,323,1970,1996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowering from November to December; fruiting from December through May.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36968C6AE31FFE963C0F87A3A45A421" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE31FFE863C0F87A3EC4AB54" blockId="2.[136,1452,1717,2068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE863C0F87A3E73A4B0" bold="true" box="[189,328,2006,2032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The epithet honors Mr. Jay Vannini, an enthusiastic naturalist with a great knowledge of
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE31FFE86667F87A3A90A4B0" box="[1306,1451,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Chamadorea</emphasis>
and a mentor to the junior author.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C6BC5AE30FFE963F5F9E23BD7A5C8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874541" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874541/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" startId="3.[136,229,1614,1636]" targetBox="[151,1435,190,1590]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE30FFE963F5F9E23BD7A5C8" blockId="3.[136,1451,1614,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE963F5F9E23FC5A523" bold="true" box="[136,254,1614,1636]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE96279F9E23EE6A524" box="[260,477,1614,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
Chamaedora
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE30FFE962FAF9E33EE2A524" box="[391,473,1615,1636]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">vanninii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Pistillate plant habit. B. Female inflorescence. C. Female flowers arrangement. D. Female flowers close-up. E. Developing fruits with persistent and thickened petals. F. Immature fruits. Photos by A. Cascante-Marín.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE30FFE963C0F91B3A45A421" blockId="3.[136,1452,1719,2069]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE963C0F91B3DB9A591" bold="true" box="[189,642,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Preliminary conservation assessment:</emphasis>
—At present, this new species is known from the
<typeStatus id="54C885EFAE30FFE967C5F91B3BD3A591" box="[1208,1256,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">type</typeStatus>
locality which is outside protected national parks and represents a small Area of Occupancy (AOO) of nearly
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE30FFE967E4F9773BE9A5B5" box="[1177,1234,1755,1781]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C069605AE30FFE967AFF9773BE1A5A9" attach="left" box="[1234,1242,1755,1769]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">2</superScript>
. Thus,
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE30FFE96652F9773A97A5B5" box="[1327,1452,1755,1781]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE96652F9773A97A5B5" box="[1327,1452,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be preliminary given the conservation status of Critically Endangered (CR) following the IUCN Red List criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE30FFE96394F88F3E46A47D" author="IUCN" box="[233,381,1827,1853]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" refId="ref3244" refString="IUCN. (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. Second Edition. IUCN Bulletin. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Available from: https: // www. iucn. org / content / iucn-red-list-categories-and-criteria-version- 31 - second-edition (accessed 16 March 2020)" type="url" year="2012">IUCN, 2012</bibRefCitation>
). A potential threat for
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE30FFE961F2F88F3C34A47D" box="[655,783,1827,1853]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE961F2F88F3C34A47D" box="[655,783,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the negative effect of unscrupulous collecting by plant hobbyists (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE30FFE9627FF8EB3EB3A421" author="Hodel, D. R." box="[258,392,1863,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" refId="ref3146" refString="Hodel, D. R. (1992) Chamaedorea palms, the species and their cultivation. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas, 338 pp." type="book" year="1992">Hodel 1992</bibRefCitation>
) and for that reason, we have concealed the specific locality from the species information.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36968C6AE30FFEE63C0F8C73D52A5FB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE30FFEE63C0F8C73D12A2D0" blockId="3.[136,1452,1719,2069]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,158,401]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE963C0F8C73E5AA4C5" bold="true" box="[189,353,1899,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Discussion:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE30FFE9621CF8C73D5FA4C5" box="[353,612,1899,1925]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE9621CF8C73D5FA4C5" box="[353,612,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Chamaedorea vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
falls into
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE30FFE961A6F8C73CBDA4C5" author="Hodel, D. R." box="[731,902,1899,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" refId="ref3146" refString="Hodel, D. R. (1992) Chamaedorea palms, the species and their cultivation. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas, 338 pp." type="book" year="1992">Hodel’s (1992)</bibRefCitation>
subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE30FFE9677DF8C73B86A4C5" authorityName="Oersted" authorityYear="1858" box="[1024,1213,1899,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chamaedoropsis">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE9677DF8C73B86A4C5" box="[1024,1213,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Chamaedoropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, characterized by its distinct petals that persist in fruit and solitary staminate flowers with upright and spreading petals not connate at their tips. This new species shares a similar growth habit and morphology with
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE30FFE960B1F81F3B79A48D" box="[972,1090,1971,1997]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robertii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE960B1F81F3B79A48D" box="[972,1090,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">C. robertii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the mountains of southern Central America (
<collectingCountry id="F3647BDDAE30FFE9622EF87B3EEBA4B1" box="[339,464,2007,2033]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3647BDDAE30FFE96176F87B3D5DA4B1" box="[523,614,2007,2033]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Panama</collectingCountry>
) and also with
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE30FFE96065F87B3B81A4B1" authority="Hodel (1990: 397)" authorityName="Hodel. Photos" authorityPageNumber="397" authorityYear="1990" box="[792,1210,2007,2033]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="castillo-montii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE30FFE96065F87B3CE5A4B1" box="[792,990,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">C. castillo-montii</emphasis>
Hodel (1990: 397)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134827C8AE30FFE967B6F87B3A2AA4B1" box="[1227,1297,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1023,1045]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,425,998]" captionTargetId="figure-138@4.[151,1436,425,998]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plant habit and fruits (inserted picture) of A. Chamaedorea vanninii Cascante &amp; Muller, B. Chamaedorea robertii Hodel &amp; Uhl, C. Chamaedorea castillo-montii Hodel. Photos by A. Cascante-Marín (A) and F. Muller (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874557/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), an endemic species from the mountains of northern Central America in
<collectingCountry id="F3647BDDAE30FFE9605BF8573C98AB55" box="[806,931,2043,2069]" name="Guatemala" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
. This group of closely-related species develop very similar-looking simple and bifid leaves and also share inflorescence morphology in both genders. Inflorescences are interfoliar, sometimes infrafoliar when in fruit, spicate, and the pistillate erect-spreading and staminate abruptly pendulous. The remarkable echinulate-medusoid fruit surface of
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE602CFF4B3CF7A240" box="[849,972,231,257]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE602CFF4B3CF7A240" box="[849,972,231,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
separates it from the other two species. The quite similar
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE6261FEA73EAAA264" box="[284,401,266,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robertii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE6261FEA73EAAA264" box="[284,401,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. robertii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from the new species by its mature black fruits (vs. orange-red) and the burgundy peduncle bracts in newly emerged pistillate inflorescence (vs. green).
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE60E3FE833B20A208" box="[926,1051,303,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE60E3FE833B20A208" box="[926,1051,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE679AFE833A90A208" authorityName="Hodel. Photos" authorityYear="1990" box="[1255,1451,302,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="castillo-montii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE679AFE833A90A208" box="[1255,1451,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. castillo-montii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its orange-red, globose, fruits
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE37FFEE628BFEFE3D68A22D" box="[502,595,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
in diameter while those of the latter species are black, oblong and narrowed at both ends, and 13 ×
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE37FFEE62FAFEDB3EF3A2D1" box="[391,456,375,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="134827C8AE37FFEE62ABFEDA3D20A2D0" box="[470,539,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1023,1045]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,425,998]" captionTargetId="figure-138@4.[151,1436,425,998]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plant habit and fruits (inserted picture) of A. Chamaedorea vanninii Cascante &amp; Muller, B. Chamaedorea robertii Hodel &amp; Uhl, C. Chamaedorea castillo-montii Hodel. Photos by A. Cascante-Marín (A) and F. Muller (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874557/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C6BC5AE37FFEE63F5FC533B77A778" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874557" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874557/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" startId="4.[136,229,1023,1045]" targetBox="[151,1436,425,998]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE37FFEE63F5FC533B77A778" blockId="4.[136,1452,1023,1081]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE63F5FC533FC5A754" bold="true" box="[136,254,1023,1045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Plant habit and fruits (inserted picture) of A.
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE61C5FC533B4EA754" authority="Cascante &amp; Muller, B." authorityName="Cascante &amp; Muller, B." box="[696,1141,1023,1045]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE61C5FC533CAEA755" box="[696,917,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Chamaedorea vanninii</emphasis>
Cascante &amp; Muller, B.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE6706FC533FF4A778" authority="Hodel &amp; Uhl, C." authorityName="Hodel &amp; Uhl, C." class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robertii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE6706FC533A6BA754" box="[1147,1360,1023,1044]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Chamaedorea robertii</emphasis>
Hodel &amp; Uhl, C.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE63A9FB8F3D40A779" authority="Hodel. Photos" authorityName="Hodel. Photos" authorityYear="1990" box="[212,635,1059,1081]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="castillo-montii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE63A9FB8F3ED6A778" box="[212,493,1059,1080]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Chamaedorea castillo-montii</emphasis>
Hodel. Photos
</taxonomicName>
by A. Cascante-Marín (A) and F. Muller (B, C).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE37FFEE63C0FBCD3E7EA6DA" blockId="4.[136,1452,1121,1723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
The diagnostic fruit epicarp in
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE6161FBCD3DA2A73A" box="[540,665,1121,1147]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE6161FBCD3DA2A73A" box="[540,665,1121,1147]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an uncommon feature among
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE6773FBCD3A3CA73B" box="[1038,1287,1121,1147]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE6773FBCD3B97A73B" box="[1038,1196,1121,1147]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Chamaedorea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, which mostly possess smooth fruits and is only shared with
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE61F2FB293B25A7DF" authority="Hodel (1996: 212)" authorityName="Hodel" authorityPageNumber="212" authorityYear="1996" box="[655,1054,1157,1183]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE61F2FB293C78A7DF" box="[655,835,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. coralliformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE37FFEE6036FB293B25A7DF" author="Hodel, D. R." box="[843,1054,1157,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="212 - 216" refId="ref3219" refString="Hodel, D. R. (1996) Two new species of Chamaedorea from Costa Rica. Principes 40: 212 - 216." type="journal article" year="1996">Hodel (1996: 212)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE37FFEE6757FB293BE3A7DF" author="Grayum, M. H." box="[1066,1240,1157,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="201 - 293" refId="ref3042" refString="Grayum, M. H. (2003) Arecaceae. Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica: Volumen II, Gimnospermas y Monocotiledoneas (Agavaceae- Musaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 92: 201 - 293." type="journal article" year="2003">Grayum (2003)</bibRefCitation>
included the latter species within the concept of
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE62A5FB053C07A783" authority="Hodel (1990: 166)" authorityName="Hodel" authorityPageNumber="166" authorityYear="1990" box="[472,828,1193,1219]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crucensis">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE62A5FB053D5FA782" box="[472,612,1193,1219]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. crucensis</emphasis>
Hodel (1990: 166)
</taxonomicName>
from subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE608FFB053A9CA783" authority="Klotzsch (1852: 363)" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityPageNumber="363" authorityYear="1852" box="[1010,1447,1192,1219]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Stephanostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE608FFB053B96A783" box="[1010,1197,1193,1219]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Stephanostachys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE37FFEE67C8FB053A9CA783" author="Klotzsch, J. F." box="[1205,1447,1192,1219]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="352 - 364" refId="ref3297" refString="Klotzsch, J. F. (1852) Zwei neue Rohrpalmen aus Guatemala. Allgemeine Gartenzeitung 20: 352 - 364." type="journal article" year="1852">Klotzsch (1852: 363)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Hodel´s (1996) original description of fruits mentions: “epicarp in apical region densely and sharply wrinkled, giving surface a nearly spiny appearance and texture”, “obovoid but corn-kernel-shaped and angled by mutual compression at maturity”. In
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE623DFAB93E84A66E" box="[320,447,1301,1327]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE623DFAB93E84A66E" box="[320,447,1301,1327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fruits do not agglomerate at maturity, are globose-shaped and the epicarp is completely covered by the echinulate-medusoid ornamentation.Also, individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE60D0FA953B0DA612" authorityName="Hodel" authorityYear="1990" box="[941,1078,1337,1363]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crucensis">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE60D0FA953B0DA612" box="[941,1078,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. crucensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are robust plants with erect stems to
<quantity id="4C8B96A8AE37FFEE63D8FAF03FDFA637" box="[165,228,1372,1399]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" unit="m" value="2.5">2.5 m</quantity>
in height and develop pinnately-compound leaves versus smaller and decumbent plants with simple leaves in this new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC3B4DAE37FFEE63C0FA093D52A5FB" blockId="4.[136,1452,1121,1723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
The presence of a single whorl of three antesepalous stamens in male flowers is an additional peculiar feature of
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE63D4FA653E13A6A2" box="[169,296,1481,1507]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanninii">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE63D4FA653E13A6A2" box="[169,296,1481,1507]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">C. vanninii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134827C8AE37FFEE6244FA653EECA6A3" box="[313,471,1481,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1613,1635]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,187,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-25@2.[151,1435,187,1586]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Chamaedora vanninii.A. Staminate plant habit. B. Male inflorescence, C. Male flowers arrangement. D. Male flowers closeup. E. Male flower drawing. F. Dissected male flower drawing. Photos and drawings by A. Cascante-Marín." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874535/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Fig. 1E &amp; 1F</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE6293FA653DDDA6A3" box="[494,742,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE6293FA653DB7A6A3" box="[494,652,1481,1507]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Chamaedorea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are reported as having staminate flowers with an androecium composed of six stamens distributed in two whorls, which are more or less inserted at the same level (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE37FFEE6660FA413A9CA547" author="Hodel, D. R." box="[1309,1447,1517,1543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" refId="ref3146" refString="Hodel, D. R. (1992) Chamaedorea palms, the species and their cultivation. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas, 338 pp." type="book" year="1992">Hodel 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE246BCAE37FFEE63F5F9BD3E43A56B" author="Askgaard, A. &amp; Stauffer, F. W. &amp; Hodel, D. R. &amp; Barfod, A. S." box="[136,376,1553,1579]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="197 - 210" refId="ref2649" refString="Askgaard, A., Stauffer, F. W., Hodel, D. R. &amp; Barfod, A. S. (2008) Floral structure in the neotropical palm genus Chamaedorea (Arecoideae, Arecaceae). Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 65: 197 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / ajbm. 2008. v 65. i 2.292" type="journal article" year="2008">
Askgaard
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE6386F9BD3E0FA56B" box="[251,308,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
). Reduction in the number of stamens has been reported from other palm genera (Moore &amp; Uhl 1982) but, as far as we know, it has not been previously observed in
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE6006F9993B1BA50F" box="[891,1056,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C7340CEAE37FFEE6006F9993B27A50F" authorityName=", Hodel" authorityYear="1992" box="[891,1052,1589,1615]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chamaedorea</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The examined material (15 flowers from
<specimenCount id="9D75F0C4AE37FFEE63B5F9F53E0AA533" box="[200,305,1625,1651]" count="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
inflorescences) consistently showed three stamens, but they came from a single collected specimen (
<emphasis id="B907E75FAE37FFEE63ECF9D13EF0A5D7" box="[145,459,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Cascante-Marín et al. 2827,</emphasis>
USJ). Additional collections of staminate individuals would corroborate the constancy of this atypical floral trait in this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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