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232 lines
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<document id="D493B4DC01ABA9C48EE3921DC0E51FCC" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.911.2371" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376790" ID-ZooBank="DB29E6F1-7925-46DB-8C9E-055C639203CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1702550585073" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Matson, Tanner A." docDate="2023" docId="03CEA05334057802FD8EB023A815FDC1" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2023.911.1-79.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 911" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2371/10397" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stamnodes reckseckeri Pearsall 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="FFF7D82B34477841FFB7B463AC58FF82" masterDocTitle="A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1702551499432" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1BFFEC339F70A852E6147CB77EB69CB7">A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4EA47CE9DD6A082A07C1B4D945CBEB91">Matson, Tanner A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FFC872CB70BBBD76834EE45BC375E864">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="795EA0BBB73B28D29D393B94A1054ECA">
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<mods:date id="FFB72F2052763190E02E428DAC603871">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="14BC46AFF5B17ADECD67243F90878550">2023-12-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="57E57A3070179283DCCD12D6E0C60F6B">911</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="2F2B3D855A70399E1A9C08A8614DD176" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.911.2371</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34057803FD8EB023AFA3FBD9" box="[569,1019,1088,1115]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FD8EB023AFA3FBD9" blockId="66.[569,1019,1088,1151]" box="[569,1019,1088,1115]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="D090A62934057803FD8EB023AFA3FBD9" box="[569,1019,1088,1115]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FD8EB023AFA3FBD9" ID-CoL="6ZGK3" authority="Pearsall, 1910" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1910" box="[569,1019,1088,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reckseckeri">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FD8EB023AF15FBD9" bold="true" box="[569,845,1088,1115]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Stamnodes reckseckeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FCE3B022AFA3FBD9" author="Pearsall R. F." box="[852,1019,1089,1115]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="213 - 214" refId="ref40776" refString="Pearsall R. F. 1910. A new Stamnodes. The Canadian Entomologist 42 (6): 213 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 42213 - 6" type="journal article" year="1910">Pearsall, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34057803FD75B007AF29FBFD" box="[706,881,1124,1151]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FD75B007AF29FBFD" blockId="66.[569,1019,1088,1151]" box="[706,881,1124,1151]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034057803FD75B007AF44FBFC" box="[706,796,1124,1150]" captionStart="Figs31–40" captionStartId="24.[187,239,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[190,1385,760,1725]" captionTargetId="figure-156@24.[187,1398,756,1744]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs31–40.Adult StamnodesGuenée,[1858],dorsal(a)andventral(b)views.31.S.costimacula(Grossbeck, 1912) (DLW). 32. S. cassinoi Swett, 1917 (DLW). 33. S. annellata (Hulst, 1887) (USNMENT01771252). 34. S. seiferti (Neumoegen, 1882) (USNMENT01771250). 35. S. tenebrosa sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (AMNH_IZC 00352924). 36. S. affiliata Pearsall, 1911 (DLW). 37. S. reckseckeri Pearsall, 1910 (USNMENT01771257). 38. S. apollo Cassino, 1920 (USNMENT01771258). 39. S. agapetica (Dyar, 1916) (USNMENT01771259). 40. S. albiapicata Grossbeck, 1910 (USNMENT01771253). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376798/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figs 37</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034057803FC9FB007AF29FBFD" box="[808,881,1124,1151]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="61.[188,231,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="71.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1348,531,1903]" captionTargetBox-1="[190,1398,750,1875]" captionTargetId-0="figure-76@61.[189,1398,523,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-138@71.[189,1398,749,1882]" captionTargetPageId-0="61" captionTargetPageId-1="71" captionText-0="Fig. 94. COI neighbour-joining tree for Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858] using default Kimura-2P model in the Barcode of Life Project (BOLD). Taxon names followed by BOLD Process ID." captionText-1="Fig. 95. Biogeographic associations of Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. (*) denotes species found in two or more provinces. Underlying biogeographic provincial map taken from Morrone (2020: fig. 4.5) with permission to reproduce this figure granted by author Juan J. Morrone." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376835" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376837" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10376835/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10376837/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">94–95</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34057803FF0AB0C6ADE9FA2E" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB0C6A96EFB42" blockId="66.[189,1334,1189,1216]" box="[189,1334,1189,1216]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB77366B34057803FF0AB0C6A96EFB42" box="[189,1334,1189,1216]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434057803FF0AB0C6AEEDFB3D" author="Pearsall R. F." box="[189,693,1189,1215]" page="213" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="1910">
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FF0AB0C6AEEDFB3D" ID-CoL="6ZGK3" authority="Pearsall, 1910: 213" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityPageNumber="213" authorityYear="1910" box="[189,693,1189,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reckseckeri">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FF0AB0C6AD9FFB3D" box="[189,455,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Stamnodes reckseckeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FE78B0C6AEEDFB3D" author="Pearsall R. F." box="[463,693,1189,1215]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="213 - 214" refId="ref40776" refString="Pearsall R. F. 1910. A new Stamnodes. The Canadian Entomologist 42 (6): 213 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 42213 - 6" type="journal article" year="1910">Pearsall, 1910: 213</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54DCAFE734057803FD08B0C5AEA1FB42" box="[703,761,1190,1216]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: San Diego,
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<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734057803FC45B0C6A834FB3D" box="[1010,1132,1189,1215]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">California</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F37051D534057803FBC0B0C6A8EDFB3D" box="[1143,1205,1189,1215]" name="United States of America" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">USA</collectingCountry>
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. [AMNH].
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB084AFD5FA83" blockId="66.[189,1399,1255,1387]" box="[189,909,1255,1282]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB77366B34057803FF0AB084AFD5FA83" box="[189,909,1255,1282]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FF0AB084AD9CFA83" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1910" box="[189,452,1255,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rickseckeri">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FF0AB084AD9CFA83" box="[189,452,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Stamnodes rickseckeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434057803FE56B084AF5AFA80" author="McDunnough J. H." box="[481,770,1255,1282]" page="151" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FE56B084AF5AFA80" author="McDunnough J. H." box="[481,770,1255,1282]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="3 - 272" refId="ref40129" refString="McDunnough J. H. 1938. Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America, Part 1, Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 3 - 272. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 146941" type="journal article" year="1938">McDunnough 1938: 151</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(checklist).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB169A8AEFAE8" blockId="66.[189,1399,1255,1387]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB77366B34057803FF0AB169A8AEFAE8" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FF0AB169AD90FAA6" ID-CoL="6ZGK3" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1910" box="[189,456,1290,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reckseckeri">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FF0AB169AD90FAA6" box="[189,456,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Stamnodes reckseckeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434057803FE50B168AE8BFAA6" author="Ferguson D. C." box="[487,723,1290,1317]" page="103" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FE50B168AE8BFAA6" author="Ferguson D. C." box="[487,723,1290,1317]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="88 - 107" refId="ref39036" refString="Ferguson D. C. 1983. Geometridae. In: Hodges R. W., Dominick T., Davis D. R., Ferguson D. C., Franclemont J. G., Munroe E. G. & Powell J. A. (eds) Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico: 88 - 107. EW Classey Ltd. & The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, London." type="book chapter" year="1983">Ferguson 1983: 103</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(checklist). —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434057803FC3BB169A89EFAA6" author="Poole R. W. & Gentili P." box="[908,1222,1290,1316]" page="686" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="1996">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FC3BB169A89EFAA6" author="Poole R. W. & Gentili P." box="[908,1222,1290,1316]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref40974" refString="Poole R. W. & Gentili P. (eds) 1996. Nomina Insecta Nearctica. A Check List of the Insects of North America. Vol. 3: Diptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera. Entomological Information Services, Rockville." type="book" year="1996">
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<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734057803FC3BB169AF97FAA6" box="[908,975,1290,1316]" country="United Kingdom" name="Poole" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Poole</collectingRegion>
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& Gentili 1996: 686
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(checklist). —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434057803FF5CB14DAE4EFAC5" author="Brown J. W. & Bash K." box="[235,534,1325,1352]" page="73" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="2000">
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FF5CB14DAE4EFAC5" author="Brown J. W. & Bash K." box="[235,534,1325,1352]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="45 - 78" refId="ref38655" refString="Brown J. W. & Bash K. 2000. The Lepidoptera of Marine Corps Air Station Miramar: calculating faunal similarity among sampling sites and estimating total species richness. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 36: 45 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 266579" type="journal article" year="2000">Brown & Bash 2000: 73</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434057803FDFDB14EAF43FAC5" author="Scoble M. J." box="[586,795,1325,1351]" page="903" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="1999">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FDFDB14EAF43FAC5" author="Scoble M. J." box="[586,795,1325,1351]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="2" refId="ref41359" refString="Scoble M. J. 1999. Geometrid Moths of the World: A Catalogue. Vols 1 & 2. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643101050" type="journal article" year="1999">Scoble 1999: 903</bibRefCitation>
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|||
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</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
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(catalogue). —
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FC57B14EA943FAC5" author="Scoble M. J. & Hausmann A." box="[992,1307,1325,1352]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref41395" refString="Scoble M. J. & Hausmann A. 2007. Online list of valid and available names of the Geometridae of the World. Available from http: // www. herbulot. de / globalspecieslist. htm [accessed 20 Aug. 2022]." type="url" year="2007">Scoble & Hausmann 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
(online catalogue). —
|
|||
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AC6375434057803FE2DB133AED5FAE9" author="Pohl G. R. & Patterson B. & Pelham J. P." box="[410,653,1360,1387]" page="448" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="2016">
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FE2DB133AED5FAE9" author="Pohl G. R. & Patterson B. & Pelham J. P." box="[410,653,1360,1387]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refId="ref40920" refString="Pohl G. R., Patterson B. & Pelham J. P. 2016. Annotated Taxonomic Checklist of the Lepidoptera of North America, North of Mexico. Working paper published online by the authors at ResearchGate. net https: // doi. org / 10.13140 / RG. 2.1.2186.3287" type="book" year="2016">
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|
Pohl
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FE62B132AE48FAE8" box="[469,528,1360,1386]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
2016: 448
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
(checklist). —
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFF66CB434057803FCF3B133A84BFAE9" author="Rajaei H. & Hausmann A. & Scoble M. & Wanke D. & Plotkin D. & Brehm G. & Murillo-Ramos L. & Sihvonen P." box="[836,1043,1360,1387]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="145 - 192" refId="ref41120" refString="Rajaei H., Hausmann A., Scoble M., Wanke D., Plotkin D., Brehm G., Murillo-Ramos L. & Sihvonen P. 2022. An online taxonomic facility of Geometridae (Lepidoptera), with an overview of global species richness and systematics. Integrative Systematics 5 (2): 145 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.18476 / 2022.577933" type="journal article" year="2022">
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|
Rajaei
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FC21B132AF89FAE8" box="[918,977,1360,1386]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
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2022
|
|||
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
(online catalogue).
|
|||
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB1F1ADE9FA2E" blockId="66.[189,433,1426,1452]" box="[189,433,1426,1452]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
<heading id="D090A62934057803FF0AB1F1ADE9FA2E" bold="true" box="[189,433,1426,1452]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FF0AB1F1ADE9FA2E" bold="true" box="[189,433,1426,1452]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Diagnostic remarks</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34057803FF0AB1A3A921F9C6" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB1A3A921F9C6" blockId="66.[188,1401,1472,1605]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
Adults can be distinguished from
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FDF6B1A2AEE1FA58" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1911" box="[577,697,1472,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affiliata">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FDF6B1A2AEE1FA58" box="[577,697,1472,1499]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">S. affiliata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
by their central, dark brown, oblique streak on the underside of the hindwing that runs parallel to the costa, and the subtle, dark brown, maculation covering the distal third of the hindwing underside. In
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FDDDB264AEBBF9A3" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1911" box="[618,739,1543,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affiliata">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FDDDB264AEBBF9A3" box="[618,739,1543,1569]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">S. affiliata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, the oblique streak is replaced by a discal spot and the light brown distal half of the hindwing underside is more crisply demarcated from the tan basal scaling.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34057803FF0AB208AFE3F89F" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB208AD0EF907" blockId="66.[189,342,1643,1669]" box="[189,342,1643,1669]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
<heading id="D090A62934057803FF0AB208AD0EF907" bold="true" box="[189,342,1643,1669]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FF0AB208AD0EF907" bold="true" box="[189,342,1643,1669]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distribution</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB2F9AFE3F89F" blockId="66.[189,1401,1690,1822]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534057803FF0AB2F9AD43F936" box="[189,283,1690,1716]" name="Mexico" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
:
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FE9FB2F9AE6DF936" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1910" box="[296,565,1690,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reckseckeri">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FE9FB2F9AE6DF936" box="[296,565,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Stamnodes reckseckeri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
is found in the coastal sage, chaparral, and premontane communities of northern
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734057803FEFDB2DEAE5AF955" box="[330,514,1725,1751]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
. Records extend as far south as Punta San Jose, but the range likely extends southward along the coast for many miles.
|
|||
|
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534057803FD62B283AF4CF978" box="[725,788,1760,1786]" name="United States of America" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
: although the core of this species’ range is likely Mexican, most institutional records are from southern
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734057803FC8BB360AFEFF89F" box="[828,951,1795,1821]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">California</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34057802FF0AB326A815FDC1" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534057803FF0AB326AD44F8DD" blockId="66.[189,284,1861,1887]" box="[189,284,1861,1887]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
<heading id="D090A62934057803FF0AB326AD44F8DD" bold="true" box="[189,284,1861,1887]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FF0AB326AD44F8DD" bold="true" box="[189,284,1861,1887]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Biology</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534057802FF0AB310AED4FE32" blockId="66.[189,1399,1907,2004]" lastBlockId="67.[188,1399,265,432]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
|||
|
The flight season extends from November to March, with the peak flight in December. Larvae directly follow the adult flight and feed on new growth in the early spring. David L. Wagner and I recently collected the first larval record of
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057803FDFEB3D9AF0BF856" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1910" box="[585,851,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reckseckeri">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057803FDFEB3D9AF0BF856" box="[585,851,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Stamnodes reckseckeri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
in southern
|
|||
|
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734057803FC53B3D9A803F856" box="[996,1115,1978,2004]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">California</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
from white sage,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634057802FA9AB3D9AD56FEA1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" order="Lamiales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="apiana">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734057802FA9AB3D9AD56FEA1" italics="true" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Salvia apiana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FEAAB56AADFBFEA1" box="[285,419,265,291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
). The larva is to our eyes indistinguishable from sister species
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FBC5B56AA8B3FEA1" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1911" box="[1138,1259,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affiliata">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FBC5B56AA8B3FEA1" box="[1138,1259,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">S. affiliata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, and worse, the two are sympatric, synchronic, and share
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FD78B54FAF40FEC4" box="[719,792,300,326]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FD78B54FAF40FEC4" box="[719,792,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Salvia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
as a host. So far as known, molecular identification will be required to disambiguate the immature stages of these related taxa. Although our single record was from white sage, it is possible that
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FD2BB510AF67FE0E" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1910" box="[668,831,370,397]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reckseckeri">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FD2BB510AF67FE0E" box="[668,831,370,397]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">S. reckseckeri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
also feeds on black sage (
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FBCAB511A961FE0E" box="[1149,1337,370,396]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mellifera">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FBCAB511A961FE0E" box="[1149,1337,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Salvia mellifera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
) and other woody
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FEEFB5F5ADF9FE32" box="[344,417,406,432]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FEEFB5F5ADF9FE32" box="[344,417,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Salvia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, as does
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FDBAB5F5AEDDFE32" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1911" box="[525,645,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affiliata">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FDBAB5F5AEDDFE32" box="[525,645,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">S. affiliata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534047802FF0AB5B4AE49FE73" blockId="67.[189,529,471,497]" box="[189,529,471,497]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
|||
|
<heading id="D090A62934047802FF0AB5B4AE49FE73" bold="true" box="[189,529,471,497]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="3">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FF0AB5B4AE49FE73" bold="true" box="[189,529,471,497]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Molecular characterization</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BD8114534047802FF0AB665A815FDC1" blockId="67.[189,1399,518,579]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
|||
|
This species is represented in BOLD by BIN: BOLD:AEA0773. The distance to the nearest adjacent interspecific neighbour,
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634047802FE6FB64AAEE2FDC1" authorityName="Pearsall" authorityYear="1911" box="[472,698,553,579]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affiliata">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B913CD5734047802FE6FB64AAEE2FDC1" box="[472,698,553,579]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Stamnodes affiliata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
(n = 26), is around 10% (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034047802FC5FB64AA818FDC1" box="[1000,1088,553,579]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[188,231,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1348,531,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-76@61.[189,1398,523,1919]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 94. COI neighbour-joining tree for Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858] using default Kimura-2P model in the Barcode of Life Project (BOLD). Taxon names followed by BOLD Process ID." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376835/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
</document>
|