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<document id="C6C6CE5AD0274A555725500B4BD21166" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7667046" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7667046" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677092375045" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Davies, G. B. P., Eardley, C. D. &amp; Brothers, D. J." docDate="2005" docId="776F5A72FFDBFFE7FE0EE927FE51FDBC" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.46.1.141-179.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 46" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Scrapter amplispinatus : Eardley 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="8B56220AFFF9FFC3FF92EA69FF90FFFB" masterDocTitle="Eight new species of Scrapter (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae), with descriptions of S. albifumus and S. amplispinatus females and a major range extension of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="141" pageNumber="175" updateTime="1699455869463" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="F4A4D6B8233CD9C06119D971122B2126" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BF42A0AECCDB4EC96FFD692BEA658915">
<mods:title id="49C81DA4FCAEA8A5A7920AA0DFEF2BA9">Eight new species of Scrapter (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae), with descriptions of S. albifumus and S. amplispinatus females and a major range extension of the genus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4321D5D7F65EAAA6CCCD5E951B6854A5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="741B7EA6262DE8A97D1941B6A020F40F">
<mods:roleTerm id="D3E47BFB33C87C8CBC0B6EE85BFCC7C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0B83B36F1EDD7DB84A5013987C92B571">Davies, G. B. P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E76A9105914E8F3FF30A1983E0594629" type="personal">
<mods:role id="54517E8F7B0A3C2DBEF21EADA7218B8C">
<mods:roleTerm id="2AEB5814BBE864F5C6ECB18A5952B65E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3C2B98E9180DB43231DB6C88D9924D2A">Eardley, C. D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C6201630F3B9EC10C3F8F97D58D44107" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B7AA1CFA5B7DE11B47E8DAAED0F915C4">
<mods:roleTerm id="EF89B359AE412255045314661E73F20D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F18D8CEED69AA1B762C77768ADA6B350">Brothers, D. J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="62DBFCED614D2B96E71A5996D4EF1064">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="FC9DD08EE7091E8A98A3FFAF608C6D4C" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="8A8E865E2FB0A0C608E9D7F989C9418C">
<mods:title id="F92CC8012DC5830835BBEB2A8F39D9F3">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6D91653A70BC1C8F9EBB960067D4CDC5">
<mods:date id="DF395061F560AEBD08D4B33F9746B6B0">2005</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B226458D4B7F4A529432DB1BFDCC99F8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5E3FD724E084C369FB9942389A57F8BE">2005-12-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="46D79392DEC9FC9F0E4B0FCA99F3AC53" type="volume">
<mods:number id="83A1D95879B5B513B7D6B780BB928AFD">46</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="18B9EBB57D5A410D5A9DEDECF7A46E02">141</mods:start>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="E9942880F70BF0EF764E712040462F4C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="202421C095DB50A1FD663DB02F2AF9AF" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7667046</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="654520468B210E80E480CF07C448ECC0" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F30AC66691A0B6161E23B16AFC3F589A" type="Zenodo-Dep">7667046</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="48EAAA67858BAD9F28D072568D1C5948" type="ZooBank">CCD871AC-88F0-4E1B-929A-6AD042325468</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="776F5A72FFDBFFE7FE0EE927FE51FDBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667462" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7667462" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:776F5A72FFDBFFE7FE0EE927FE51FDBC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/776F5A72FFDBFFE7FE0EE927FE51FDBC" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
<subSubSection id="B7DCB8EFFFDBFFE1FE0EE927FCD3FC9C" box="[412,835,846,871]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDBFFE1FE0EE927FCD3FC9C" blockId="34.[412,835,846,871]" box="[412,835,846,871]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
<heading id="A4315C08FFDBFFE1FE0EE927FCD3FC9C" box="[412,835,846,871]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="38C690E7FFDBFFE1FE0EE927FCD3FC9C" ID-CoL="4VYKD" authority="Eardley, 1996" authorityName=": Eardley" authorityYear="1996" box="[412,835,846,871]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplispinatus">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDBFFE1FE0EE927FD31FC9D" box="[412,673,846,870]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Scrapter amplispinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9B579695FFDBFFE1FD3AE927FCD3FC9C" author="EARDLEY, C. D." box="[680,835,846,871]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" pagination="37 - 92" refId="ref18030" refString="EARDLEY, C. D. 1996. The genus Scrapter Lepeletier &amp; Serville (Hymenoptera: Colletidae). African Entomology 4: 37 - 92." type="journal article" year="1996">Eardley, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7DCB8EFFFDBFFE1FF02E9EDFE79FC4B" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDBFFE1FF02E9EDFE79FC4B" blockId="34.[144,1104,900,1671]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DFD6CC4AFFDBFFE1FF02E9EDFE79FC4B" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
<treatmentCitation id="7E67CD75FFDBFFE1FF02E9EDFD8BFC63" author="EARDLEY, C. D." box="[144,539,900,920]" page="80" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="38C690E7FFDBFFE1FF02E9EDFD8BFC63" ID-CoL="4VYKD" authority=": Eardley 1996: 80" authorityName=": Eardley" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1996" box="[144,539,900,920]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplispinatus">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDBFFE1FF02E9EDFEF7FC63" box="[144,359,900,920]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Scrapter amplispinatus</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="4FAEE139FFDBFFE1FEE4E9EDFD8BFC63" box="[374,539,900,920]" location="Middelpos" municipality="Hartebeesfontein Farm" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
<bibRefCitation id="9B579695FFDBFFE1FEE4E9EDFD8BFC63" author="EARDLEY, C. D." box="[374,539,900,920]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" pagination="37 - 92" refId="ref18030" refString="EARDLEY, C. D. 1996. The genus Scrapter Lepeletier &amp; Serville (Hymenoptera: Colletidae). African Entomology 4: 37 - 92." type="journal article" year="1996">Eardley 1996: 80</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 81, figs 81, 88–90. (
<typeStatus id="207D55C6FFDBFFE1FD78E9EDFC89FC63" box="[746,793,900,920]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingMunicipality id="1F1D711EFFDBFFE1FCE7E9EDFBDCFC63" box="[885,1100,900,920]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Hartebeesfontein Farm</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="FA19BDBFFFDBFFE1FF62E9F5FEC3FC4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:776F5A72FFDBFFE7FE0EE927FE51FDBC:FA19BDBFFFDBFFE1FF62E9F5FEC3FC4B" box="[240,339,924,944]" municipality="Hartebeesfontein Farm" name="Middelpos" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Middelpos</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="3D022586FFDBFFE1FECEE9F5FE73FC4B" box="[348,483,924,944]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7DCB8EFFFDBFFE7FF02E9D7FE51FDBC" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDBFFE1FF02E9D7FE8BFC2C" blockId="34.[144,1104,900,1671]" box="[144,283,958,983]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDBFFE1FF02E98FFF7BFC04" blockId="34.[144,1104,900,1671]" box="[144,235,998,1023]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDBFFE1FF02E98FFF74FC05" box="[144,228,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Female</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDBFFE1FF02EE65FEF6FBC3" blockId="34.[144,1104,900,1671]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
<materialsCitation id="4FAEE139FFDBFFE1FF02EE65FF30FBC3" collectingDate="1999-09-16" collectionCode="V" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.766666" location="Elandsfontein" longLatPrecision="1214" longitude="20.05" municipality="Material" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
<collectingMunicipality id="1F1D711EFFDBFFE1FF02EE65FF4DFBDB" box="[144,221,1036,1056]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Material</collectingMunicipality>
examined: 1^
<collectingCountry id="87D1ABF4FFDBFFE1FEFDEE65FD86FBDB" box="[367,534,1036,1056]" name="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDBFFE1FD8DEE65FD38FBDB" box="[543,680,1036,1056]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
<collectingRegion id="3D022586FFDBFFE1FD8DEE65FD38FBDB" box="[543,680,1036,1056]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="FA19BDBFFFDBFFE1FD26EE65FCA2FBDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:776F5A72FFDBFFE7FE0EE927FE51FDBC:FA19BDBFFFDBFFE1FD26EE65FCA2FBDB" box="[692,818,1036,1056]" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.766666" longLatPrecision="1214" longitude="20.05" municipality="Material" name="Elandsfontein" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Elandsfontein</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="9AF28DA3FFDBFFE1FCADEE65FC17FBDB" box="[831,903,1036,1056]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" precision="925" value="-31.766666">31°46'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="9AF28DA3FFDBFFE1FC19EE65FC48FBDB" box="[907,984,1036,1056]" degrees="20" direction="east" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" precision="925" value="20.05">20°03'E</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="8B78CDA4FFDBFFE1FC7BEE65FBDCFBDB" box="[1001,1100,1036,1056]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" value="1999-09-16">
<collectingDate id="9B3C344CFFDBFFE1FC7BEE65FBDCFBDB" box="[1001,1100,1036,1056]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" value="1999-09-16">16.ix.1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="99D773A1FFDBFFE1FF02EE4DFF30FBC3" box="[144,160,1060,1080]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="4FAEE139FFDBFFE1FF3AEE4DFEF2FBC3" box="[168,354,1060,1080]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" location="Whitehead" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
<location id="FA19BDBFFFDBFFE1FF3AEE4DFE9AFBC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:776F5A72FFDBFFE7FE0EE927FE51FDBC:FA19BDBFFFDBFFE1FF3AEE4DFE9AFBC3" box="[168,266,1060,1080]" country="South Africa" name="Whitehead" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Whitehead</location>
(
<collectionCode id="99D773A1FFDBFFE1FE84EE4DFECBFBC3" box="[278,347,1060,1080]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDBFFE1FF02EE2FFCE4FAC4" blockId="34.[144,1104,900,1671]" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">
Measurements (
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDBFFE1FEADEE2FFEDDFBA5" box="[319,333,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">n</emphasis>
= 1): head length
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FD9CEE2FFDF4FBA4" box="[526,612,1094,1119]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
, head width
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FD78EE2FFCBBFBA4" box="[746,811,1094,1119]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, lower interocular distance
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FF02EE0FFF42FB84" box="[144,210,1126,1151]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, upper interocular distance
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FD91EE0FFDC9FB84" box="[515,601,1126,1151]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, interantennal distance
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FCCCEE0FFC25FB84" box="[862,949,1126,1151]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
, antennocular distance
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FF63EEEFFED8FB64" box="[241,328,1158,1183]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
, length of clypeus
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FD8AEEEFFDFEFB64" box="[536,622,1158,1183]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
, length of eye
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FC9DEEEFFCF6FB64" box="[783,870,1158,1183]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
, width of eye (lateral view)
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FF4BEECFFEA3FB44" box="[217,307,1190,1215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, width of gena (lateral view)
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FD18EECFFD74FB44" box="[650,740,1190,1215]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, length of facial fovea
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FC63EECFFBDBFB44" box="[1009,1099,1190,1215]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
, maximum width of facial fovea
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FE62EEAFFDD7FB24" box="[496,583,1222,1247]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
, mesoscutum length
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FCBCEEAFFC14FB24" box="[814,900,1222,1247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
, mesosoma length
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FF02EE8FFF79FB04" box="[144,233,1254,1279]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, forewing length
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FE23EE8FFD9AFB04" box="[433,522,1254,1279]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
, length of pterostigma
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FC83EE8FFCFAFB04" box="[785,874,1254,1279]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, maximum width of pterostigma
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FE8FEF6FFEE8FAE4" box="[285,376,1286,1311]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
, length of marginal cell beyond pterostigma
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FC12EF6FFC4AFAE4" box="[896,986,1286,1311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
, length of marginal cell
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FEBBEF4FFE11FAC4" box="[297,385,1318,1343]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, length of free-part of marginal cell
<quantity id="383E4681FFDBFFE1FC85EF4FFCE0FAC4" box="[791,880,1318,1343]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="34" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDBFFE0FF02EF27FBA1FC74" blockId="34.[144,1104,900,1671]" lastBlockId="35.[181,1141,822,911]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="34" pageNumber="175">Vestiture: Clypeus, supraclypeal area, paraocular area and frons with sparse, black, weakly plumose, sub-erect hairs. Vertex similar but hairs erect. Gena adjacent to eye with sparse, black hairs, gena towards occiput with thick, white, plumose hairs. Mesoscutum covered in short, fairly dense (integument easily visible), erect, yellowish, plumose hairs, some taller black hairs intermixed. Scutellum and metanotum similar to mesoscutum but with thicker, longer, yellower hairs. Mes- and metepisterna with long, fairly dense, white hairs. Propodeum with fairly dense, strongly plumose hairs. T1–T4 with distinct posterior, white hair bands along marginal zones, remainder of discs with sparse, short, whitish hairs, particularly laterally. T5 prepygidial fimbria composed of thick, black, mostly plumose, decumbent hairs. S1 and S2 centrally with fairly thick, strongly plumose scopa, remaining sterna with moderate vestiture.Anterior probasitarsal brush hairs simple. Metatibial scopa anteriorly bearing white, plumose hairs, dorsally with ridge of dark, plumose hairs, posteriorly thick, white, simple keirotrichiae.</paragraph>
<caption id="ABB9BBECFFDAFFE0FEE4E892FC27FCF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7667090" box="[374,951,763,783]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667090/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="176" startId="35.[374,407,763,783]" targetBox="[249,1067,212,722]" targetPageId="35">
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDAFFE0FEE4E892FC27FCF4" blockId="35.[374,951,763,783]" box="[374,951,763,783]" pageId="35" pageNumber="176">
Fig. 41.
<taxonomicName id="38C690E7FFDAFFE0FE50E892FD71FCF4" authority="Eardley" authorityName=": Eardley" authorityYear="1996" box="[450,737,763,783]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplispinatus">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDAFFE0FE50E892FD04FCF4" box="[450,660,763,783]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="176">Scrapter amplispinatus</emphasis>
Eardley
</taxonomicName>
, dorsal view of female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDAFFE0FF27E9C8FF67FC21" blockId="35.[181,1141,929,986]" pageId="35" pageNumber="176">Integumental colour: Largely black. Antenna ventrally orange. Hindlegs with orangish wash.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDAFFE0FF27E982FD71FB3F" blockId="35.[181,1142,1003,1220]" pageId="35" pageNumber="176">Head: Broad. Clypeus with finely reticulate sculpture and dense punctation (interspace 0.5 × puncture diameter), clypeal sulcus present. Supraclypeal area, paraocular area, and frons sculpture and punctation similar to clypeus. Frontal line largely carinate. Facial fovea broad, shallow, shiny and conspicuous. Vertex rounded in anterior profile. Gena much narrower than eye (0.5:1), with dense punctation, almost carinulate. Inner eye orbits straight, proportion of lower to upper interocular distance equal. F1 slightly elongate. Antenna quite long, reaching scutellum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDAFFE0FF27EEBFFD58FA54" blockId="35.[181,1142,1238,1455]" pageId="35" pageNumber="176">Mesosoma: Mesoscutum with very dense, uniform punctation (interspace &lt;0.5 × puncture diameter), narrow interspaces weakly reticulate. Scutellum and metanotum sculpture and punctation similar to mesoscutum. Mesepisternum with roughened, almost carinulate sculpture and dense punctation (interspace 1 × puncture diameter), episternal groove pitted throughout, although weakly above. Propodeum declivitous, fairly dense punctation and coarse, reticulate sculpture, propodeal triangle greatly reduced forming three acute points, uniform reticulate sculpture.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDAFFE0FF27EFA8FBC7FA01" blockId="35.[181,1142,1473,1530]" pageId="35" pageNumber="176">Metasoma: T1–T4 discs with dull, roughened, dense reticulate sculpture and micropunctation. T5 similar but with larger punctures. T2 fovea very broad and rounded.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDAFFE0FF27EC62FCE7F97F" blockId="35.[181,1142,1547,1668]" pageId="35" pageNumber="176">Legs: Metabasitibial plate composed of two carinae (anterior and posterior), posterior carina becomes tuberculate apically (three separate tubercles). Claws simple. The male of the species has a greatly swollen anterior (outer) metatibial spur (hence the specific epithet); the female has an unmodified anterior metatibial spur.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF79EB64FFDDFFE7FF02EAA7FE51FDBC" blockId="36.[144,1104,206,583]" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">
Remarks:
<taxonomicName id="38C690E7FFDDFFE7FE90EAA7FE2AFF1D" authorityName=": Eardley" authorityYear="1996" box="[258,442,206,230]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplispinatus">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDDFFE7FE90EAA7FE2AFF1D" box="[258,442,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">S. amplispinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from Middelpos in the Roggeveld Moutains of the
<collectingRegion id="3D022586FFDDFFE7FF4AEA87FE11FEFC" box="[216,385,238,263]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
. The present female specimen (
<figureCitation id="67FDF7E1FFDDFFE7FD76EA87FCA6FEFC" box="[740,822,238,263]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[374,407,763,783]" captionTargetBox="[249,1067,212,722]" captionTargetId="figure-9@35.[229,1103,203,739]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 41. Scrapter amplispinatus Eardley, dorsal view of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667090/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
) was also collected from the Roggeveld Mountains together with
<specimenCount id="E9C020EDFFDDFFE7FDC6EB67FD48FEDC" box="[596,728,270,295]" pageId="36" pageNumber="177" type="male">three males</specimenCount>
. Two of the males and the female were collected on flowers of
<taxonomicName id="38C690E7FFDDFFE7FE56EB47FC39FEBC" authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[452,937,302,327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Polycarena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="36" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDDFFE7FE56EB47FD15FEBD" box="[452,645,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">Polycarena aurea</emphasis>
Benth. (Scrophulariaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. The remaining male was collected on a
<taxonomicName id="38C690E7FFDDFFE7FE0FEB27FC8EFE9C" box="[413,798,334,359]" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDDFFE7FE0FEB27FE79FE9D" box="[413,489,334,358]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">Selago</emphasis>
species (Scrophulariaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. The Roggeveld Mountains fall within the Succulent Karoo biome, and the area forms part of the ‘Hantam-Roggeveld Centre’ of plant endemism (
<bibRefCitation id="9B579695FFDDFFE7FE2FEBE7FC89FE5C" author="VAN WYK, A. E. &amp; SMITH, G. F." box="[445,793,398,423]" pageId="36" pageNumber="177" refId="ref19022" refString="VAN WYK, A. E. &amp; SMITH, G. F. 2001. Regions of floristic endemism in southern Africa. Hatfield: Umdaus Press." type="book" year="2001">Van Wyk &amp; Smith 2001: 72–81</bibRefCitation>
). The region is characterised by low, mainly winter rainfall (usually less than
<quantity id="383E4681FFDDFFE7FD30EBC7FD6FFE3C" box="[674,767,430,455]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
) and exceedingly cold winters (night temperatures usually fall well below 0°C during winter). The Roggeveld region is noted for its exceptionally rich asilid fauna (
<bibRefCitation id="9B579695FFDDFFE7FD02EB87FC15FDFC" author="LONDT, J. G. H." box="[656,901,494,519]" pageId="36" pageNumber="177" pagination="97 - 122" refId="ref18496" refString="LONDT, J. G. H. 1994. Afrotropical Asilidae (Diptera) 26. Ethological observations, and a possible ecological classification based on habitats. Annals of the Natal Museum 35: 97 - 122." type="journal article" year="1994">Londt 1994: 119–120</bibRefCitation>
), and it is possible many insects occurring in the area will be found to be endemics.
<taxonomicName id="38C690E7FFDDFFE7FCE8E867FBA4FDDD" authorityName=": Eardley" authorityYear="1996" box="[890,1076,526,550]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplispinatus">
<emphasis id="CDB23776FFDDFFE7FCE8E867FBA4FDDD" box="[890,1076,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="177">S. amplispinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is evidently such an endemic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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