plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/79/78/F0/7978F031FF8EAB13FF46FAB30F54FEF3.xml

209 lines
22 KiB
XML
Raw Normal View History

added 79
2024-06-21 12:41:04 +02:00
<document id="FE0D6A52ED3AE81962D12F3DBD6915DA" ID-CLB-Dataset="45619" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.279772" ID-GBIF-Dataset="32627594-388c-40b3-8481-0b241b850847" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="279772" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460430509504" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Adrianov, Andrey V. &amp; Maiorova, Anastassya S." docDate="2012" docId="7978F031FF8EAB13FF46FAB30F54FEF3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03166p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3166" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phascolosoma arcuatum Gray 1828" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="85418849FF8BAB14FFD1FFEF0E54FF97" masterDocTitle="Peanut worms of the phylum Sipuncula from the Nha Trang Bay (South China Sea) with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698331287994" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="6E01DA7555460553F872827D71EE4CAA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="B4D8D7AC537D36A48D138DEB28235CC0">
<mods:title id="3D58DC88EA146EEDE71CCDA85A41AFA8">Peanut worms of the phylum Sipuncula from the Nha Trang Bay (South China Sea) with a key to species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="1F149BE0CDC94D4460E98C4593D24A2E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="618D7EDD98C720114BD88AA3D95E2329">
<mods:roleTerm id="FB511D7B2727F6620C134029988713B3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6DF94A49DA89A17DC1A4C7330AA7031D">Adrianov, Andrey V.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6119D27C056EEB34A87C55F86B3C3720" type="personal">
<mods:role id="078363A46A35AF801673385E82A47F07">
<mods:roleTerm id="6B6E20A38CEDFA5F23749B58CD0146D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F7664F9C9262C4F995501EDBF4357DBE">Maiorova, Anastassya S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B314330D8A0F6F8D9DF70F876B66A139">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B443904B4BDF9FB3580C5D7FB96E2CCC" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="35B29E0585ECBCDBB30DE22967172439">
<mods:title id="9E921592319FDF2FAD8D4AB2952C6C7A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="86CAEA246AD9A733513A09A2F5A22E16">
<mods:date id="6D5AB9368F1F1ECBE1A305E342618972">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="677B5FB29DDE7686140459EB53847C39" type="volume">
<mods:number id="88493FC50E3E2C4FF37E5A08A60BF513">3166</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="2225AB49B22CEAEB4A8E44F17B57B930" unit="page">
<mods:start id="4C17973CC9843BDE07AB761BB8E9ED61">41</mods:start>
<mods:end id="46D634BD1B82F7A21846AD785742CAD4">58</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="76454C70C7E73A4CA2B2049F7DDB459B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A58F414C848384FE5CA3758061913195" type="CLB-Dataset">45619</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3528703D26FA9ED5F93F6B2599FEC075" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.279772</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A35E3A0BAE08BA284F01B12BE99009E1" type="GBIF-Dataset">32627594-388c-40b3-8481-0b241b850847</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="994D657A78965D3DE2E23ADD6375ACF7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="474BAF9CFC5E8FDAFB86A732718980B4" type="Zenodo-Dep">279772</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="7978F031FF8EAB13FF46FAB30F54FEF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6166370" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119429956" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6166370" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7978F031FF8EAB13FF46FAB30F54FEF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7978F031FF8EAB13FF46FAB30F54FEF3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<subSubSection id="B9CB12ACFF8EAB11FF46FAB30F73FA01" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F16E4127FF8EAB11FF46FAB30C31FAE2" blockId="5.[151,613,1371,1430]" box="[151,613,1371,1398]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<heading id="AA26F64BFF8EAB11FF46FAB30C31FAE2" bold="true" box="[151,613,1371,1398]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FF46FAB30C31FAE2" ID-CoL="7WCMR" authority="Gray, 1828" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,613,1371,1398]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FF46FAB30C31FAE2" bold="true" box="[151,613,1371,1398]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FF46FAB30F95FAE1" bold="true" box="[151,449,1372,1398]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Phascolosoma arcuatum</emphasis>
(Gray, 1828)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F16E4127FF8EAB11FF46FA910F73FA01" blockId="5.[151,613,1371,1430]" box="[151,295,1406,1430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
(
<figureCitation id="69EA5DA2FF8EAB11FF4EFA910F4BFA01" box="[159,287,1406,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 3. A – B" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1837,1860]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1795]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A – B. Phascolosoma arcuatum. A) lateral view, retracted introvert; B) hook. C – D. P. nigrescens. C) ventral view, introvert everted; D) hooks of P. nigrescens. E – F. P. s c o l o p s. E) lateral view, introvert everted; F) hook (black arrow – triangle of hook; black arrowhead-clear streak). G – I. P. stephensoni. G) lateral view, retracted introvert; H) hook; I) the row of hooks (black asterisk-basal warts). Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, 50 µm; C, 10 mm; D, 50 µm; E, 5 mm; F, 50 µm; G, 5 mm; H – I, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279775/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 3 A–B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B9CB12ACFF8EAB11FF46FA500A06FA40" box="[151,1106,1471,1496]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F16E4127FF8EAB11FF46FA500A06FA40" blockId="5.[151,1437,1471,2036]" box="[151,1106,1471,1496]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FF46FA500F52FA4F" bold="true" box="[151,262,1471,1496]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Material.</emphasis>
South
<collectingCountry id="89C601B7FF8EAB11FE84FA500FECFA40" box="[341,440,1471,1495]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
: Mekong River mouth, intertidal, mangrove,
<specimenCount id="E7D78AAEFF8EAB11FC63FA500A19FA40" box="[946,1101,1471,1495]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="generic">30 specimens</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B9CB12ACFF8EAB11FF16FA0C0A5BF943" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="F16E4127FF8EAB11FF16FA0C0A5BF943" blockId="5.[151,1437,1471,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FF16FA0C0F0DFA6B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1507,1532]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Description.</emphasis>
Trunk
<quantity id="3629ECC2FF8EAB11FE7CFA0B0C7CFA6B" box="[429,552,1508,1532]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="60.0">60–90 mm</quantity>
long and about
<quantity id="3629ECC2FF8EAB11FD32FA0B0D60FA6B" box="[739,820,1508,1532]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
wide; light yellow-brown or brown-greyish skin with large domelike dark-brown papillae distributed over the entire trunk and more closely set at the anterior and posterior end of the trunk. Introvert
<date id="856F67E7FF8EAB11FE2AF9C30C72F9D3" box="[507,550,1580,1604]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">2 X</date>
trunk length; hooks up to 70 μm in height, without secondary teeth, warts or toes; with streak (apical canal) widely expanded basally; arranged in numerous (up to 100) complete and incomplete rings. Dorsal retractor muscles originate 10%, ventral retractors 15% of trunk length from the posterior end. Retractor muscles appear to coalesce to a single muscle with four roots in preserved specimens. Gut with 30–50 loops; spindle muscle attached posteriorly. Nephridia about 1/3 of trunk length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B9CB12ACFF8EAB13FF16F9300F54FEF3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F16E4127FF8EAB13FF16F9300A0CFF60" blockId="5.[151,1437,1471,2036]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FF16F9300F18F96F" bold="true" box="[199,332,1759,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Discussion.</emphasis>
Eight other species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FD22F90F0DC3F96F" box="[755,919,1760,1784]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FD22F90F0DC3F96F" box="[755,919,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Phascolosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known from the South
<collectingCountry id="89C601B7FF8EAB11FB04F9300B4CF960" box="[1237,1304,1759,1783]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">China</collectingCountry>
Sea. These are well distinguishable from the
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FDDFF8EA0CC0F88B" box="[526,660,1797,1820]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FDDFF8EA0CC0F88B" box="[526,660,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. arcuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their hook structure. In contrast to
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FB93F8EA0A81F88B" box="[1090,1237,1797,1820]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FB93F8EA0A81F88B" box="[1090,1237,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. nigrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FB32F8EA0B38F88B" box="[1251,1388,1796,1820]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="pacificum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FB32F8EA0B38F88B" box="[1251,1388,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. pacificum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FF46F8C60F63F8D7" box="[151,311,1832,1856]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="stephensoni">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FF46F8C60F63F8D7" box="[151,311,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. stephensoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FE97F8C60F99F8D7" box="[326,461,1833,1856]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FE97F8C60F99F8D7" box="[326,461,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. arcuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks basal warts.
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FD72F8C60D79F8D7" box="[675,813,1832,1856]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="pacificum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FD72F8C60D79F8D7" box="[675,813,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. pacificum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has, in addition, nephridia equal to the trunk length.
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FA56F8C60F5AF8F3" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FA56F8C60F5AF8F3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. nigrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FE72F8A20C7DF8F3" box="[419,553,1869,1892]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FE72F8A20FE5F8F3" box="[419,433,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FE6EF8A20C7DF8F3" box="[447,553,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">arcuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by presence of hook streak with an enlarged median swelling, and hooks of
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FA56F8A20F4FF81F" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="stephensoni">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FA56F8A20F4FF81F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. stephensoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterized by the presence of smooth narrow streak, clear crescent, and and a distinctive triangle.
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FF19F87A0F6BF83B" box="[200,319,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. g l a b r u m</emphasis>
has hooks with a large rounded bump on the concave side and basal toes. The remaining four species in the subgenus,
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FE5AF8560C5DF847" box="[395,521,1977,2000]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="agassizii">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FE5AF8560C5DF847" box="[395,521,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. agassizii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FDC8F8560C9DF847" box="[537,713,1976,2000]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="albolineatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FDC8F8560C9DF847" box="[537,713,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. albolineatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FD09F8560D36F847" box="[728,866,1976,2000]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="perlucens">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FD09F8560D36F847" box="[728,866,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. perlucens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FC4AF8560A58F847" box="[923,1036,1976,2000]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="scolops">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FC4AF8560A58F847" box="[923,1036,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. scolops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vary from
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FB45F8560B4FF847" box="[1172,1307,1977,2000]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FB45F8560B4FF847" box="[1172,1307,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. arcuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a lower number (&lt;50) of complete and incomplete rings of hooks. Moreover, in
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8EAB11FC6BF8320A3CF863" box="[954,1128,2012,2036]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="albolineatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8EAB11FC6BF8320A3CF863" box="[954,1128,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. albolineatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the tip of each hook is bent at an obtuse angle that is a unique character for this species, while hooks of
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8CAB13FC29FF760A22FF27" box="[1016,1142,153,176]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="agassizii">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8CAB13FC29FF760A22FF27" box="[1016,1142,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">P. agassizii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack a basal expansion of the streak. Hooks of
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8CAB13FE55FF520C5AFF43" box="[388,526,188,212]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="perlucens">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8CAB13FE55FF520C5AFF43" box="[388,526,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">P. perlucens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterized by the presence of a large rounded hump on the concave side, and those of
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8CAB13FEF6FF0E0FC2FF6F" box="[295,406,224,248]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="scolops">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8CAB13FEF6FF0E0FC2FF6F" box="[295,406,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">P. scolops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a distinct triangle, well separated from the narrow streak.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A5AE11AFFF8DAB12FF46F8C20BCEF808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279775/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[151,1436,195,1793]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="F16E4127FF8DAB12FF46F8C20BCEF808" blockId="6.[151,1436,1837,1951]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8DAB12FF46F8C20F47F8D5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1837,1860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
A–B.
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8DAB12FE86F8C20C06F8D4" box="[343,594,1837,1859]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8DAB12FE86F8C20C06F8D4" box="[343,594,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Phascolosoma arcuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A) lateral view, retracted introvert; B) hook. C–D.
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8DAB12FBB7F8C10AA6F8D4" box="[1126,1266,1838,1859]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8DAB12FBB7F8C10ABAF8D4" box="[1126,1262,1838,1859]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigrescens">P. nigrescens</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
C) ventral view, introvert everted; D) hooks of
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8DAB12FE1CF8A20C05F8F5" box="[461,593,1869,1890]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8DAB12FE1CF8A20C05F8F5" box="[461,593,1869,1890]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">P. nigrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. E–F.
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8DAB12FD45F8A20CA2F8F5" box="[660,758,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">P. s c o l o p s</emphasis>
. E) lateral view, introvert everted; F) hook (black arrow – triangle of hook; black arrowhead-clear streak). G–I.
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8DAB12FDB7F8840CA3F817" box="[614,759,1898,1920]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="stephensoni">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8DAB12FDB7F8840CA3F817" box="[614,759,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">P. stephensoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. G) lateral view, retracted introvert; H) hook; I) the row of hooks (black asterisk-basal warts). Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, 50 µm; C, 10 mm; D, 50 µm; E, 5 mm; F, 50 µm; G, 5 mm; H–I, 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F16E4127FF8CAB13FF14FEEB0F54FEF3" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="36D13AA4FF8CAB13FF14FEEB0F8FFE8B" box="[197,475,260,284]" class="Phascolosomatidea" family="Phascolosomatidae" genus="Phascolosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phascolosomatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C3A59D35FF8CAB13FF14FEEB0F8FFE8B" box="[197,475,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Phascolosoma arcuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a common species in the Indo-West Pacific (from
<collectingCountry id="89C601B7FF8CAB13FBEDFEEB0A22FE8B" box="[1084,1142,260,284]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">India</collectingCountry>
and northern
<collectingCountry id="89C601B7FF8CAB13FAC6FEEB0B2AFE8B" box="[1303,1406,260,284]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Australia</collectingCountry>
to south
<collectingCountry id="89C601B7FF8CAB13FF0CFEC80F74FEA8" box="[221,288,295,319]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="89C601B7FF8CAB13FE88FEC80FF9FEA8" box="[345,429,295,319]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
) found in brackish water environments such as intertidal muddy bottoms and mangrove estuaries.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue Copy permalink