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760 lines
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<mods:title id="3E072DEEA2120CAD27483E086D1AC996">Updated list of the insect parasitoids (Insecta, Hymenoptera) associated with Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller, 1775) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) in Italy. 2. Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Anomaloninae and Campopleginae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F3228317BE14B383E3C0848491EF5FBB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0F6A213AEF070F4AE6D79B1E92CAE579">Scaramozzino, Pier Luigi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E4F12927E4558D4C43265B340F3C3263" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E26E8DBD449CE5CBE9E95424B982F3E8">Giovanni, Filippo Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="DDB31E9282DC87B213C8E0527CA1510D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E7019807536CD8EF5EAFE51336351F34">Loni, Augusto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="28ABBB3A5FCBD73CC84F148A294513D8">Ricciardi, Renato</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D2BFBE532E48F459142FB3B3711EDB76">Lucchi, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="57AE97E9BBCBFF4DF18D8C185792FEEA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="758E167059319D6AC0509B3295DFBCD2">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="06CF1E366F336E85694A89ED0AC3CE98">
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<mods:date id="7B049870038247C750B5AE5F48BEE08B">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A83BBE03265EEC7C16E52A5543B3705E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CC9B36228F1202669297650A2DF6A0CB">772</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="21CF1675DBF6BDD3A56D2B4E578F1885">47</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="F40A9891CF1778F011F3AF970257715C">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.772.25288</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="DC969444DFCD90737E51E482169F530D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="91518D24E6DBA60539DC7995D5DB5906" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.772.25288</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="898AE0621135794D6BA45540044A3F6E" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-772-47</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4CBFD7AA252FC67C98BB1F412B9D5E22" type="ZooBank">05B37CE0CEE741A8904568C28C91332E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="40F1D5FE54FE71BC0B51F11468FF0F20" ID-GBIF-Taxon="146053575" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:40F1D5FE54FE71BC0B51F11468FF0F20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/40F1D5FE54FE71BC0B51F11468FF0F20" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="63B395358237E839F1A8D2EEAFF820F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2A374E2EAD7548523491C737A015BA3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="F8B7A4A0887E9D4A32492CCC9E3EA884" ID-CoL="68WB6" authority="Aubert, 1960" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator Aubert, 1960</taxonomicName>
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Figures 4, 5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="222D3CA7108BCA8FE42046E72C7E23ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5EF5D909AF04D5B180A8395328E0CCEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="9A86D01998D5322BEE77F9C313940206" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="CB289AC0EDCE33427906B85DB2F4FD18" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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Marchesini and Dalla
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<normalizedToken id="AEC2B102B050BAE702CC1A9577B82A6A" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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1992
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 10,
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<bibRefCitation id="0E7CD3F1C8D0CE30ADD3741E18B31C73" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 205,
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<bibRefCitation id="229A55FA3C6EB92ED2F2733F01ED566D" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Informatore Fitopatologico" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="3 - 10" title="I nemici naturali della tignoletta dell'uva nei vigneti del Veneto." volume="1998" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 3;
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<bibRefCitation id="342A3F1C0EC7182C67194DA5BF85815E" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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Dalla
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<normalizedToken id="FDA85221C3ED371D49FDD5E44F5C5CBA" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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et al. 1993
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="E12673E562894B090EFE51073AC47A04" author="Coscolla, R" journalOrPublisher="Generalitat Valenciana, Consejerfa de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentacion, Valencia, Spain" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="La polilla del racimo de la vid (Lobesiabotrana Den. y Schiff.)." year="1997">
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<normalizedToken id="03BFDE8118DCF24E9818124C0A23F17C" originalValue="Coscollá">Coscolla</normalizedToken>
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1997
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 214;
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<bibRefCitation id="AE491B304ABC560934077CF6C481BB2D" author="Colombera, S" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 96" title="Comparison between the parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana and Eupoeciliaambiguella in conventional and integrated vineyards." volume="24" year="2001">Colombera et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 94;
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<bibRefCitation id="F5414A7F1F8E9CF3F044D7CF41CE7887" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Marchesini et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 12;
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<bibRefCitation id="04A4C3BDDD20E1D7209F1D901F2A4D98" author="Bagnoli, B" journalOrPublisher="Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="139 - 142" title="Parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana (Den. & Schiff.) in Tuscany." volume="29" year="2006">Bagnoli and Lucchi 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 140;
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<bibRefCitation id="6AAEE5601558B870B65F098AB339D1CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Marchesini 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 41;
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<bibRefCitation id="A3BD2DF73DBEDF2EA0E6BBFFF9F8A2C6" author="Lucchi, A" journalOrPublisher="Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="197 - 202" title="Life history of Lobesiabotrana on Daphnegnidium in a Natural Park of Tuscany." volume="67" year="2011">Lucchi and Santini 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 199;
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<bibRefCitation id="A595F41562542EE9E8B8FCA1D181B5A0" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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: 131;
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<bibRefCitation id="006533A08676122ED4BF5AF62147008F" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Scaramozzino et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
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: 132.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E94918A3CBCB53532DB6D9C94DFCD77" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="EC4CF6E63EE75F801CB3B177D34946BE" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex difformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difformis">Campoplex difformis</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="4307987193D4F9B0124532ADBC28191A" author="Thompson, WR" journalOrPublisher="Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, UK., Reprinted 1960 with Errata" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="A catalogue of the parasites and predators of insect pest. Section 1 Parasite Host Catalogue, Part 8. Parasites of the Lepidoptera (N-P)." year="1946">Thompson 1946</bibRefCitation>
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: 484.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DB55AF5FCF771D836263EA66901801C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="30A430F276A80828602FFB0CF63E9625" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Omorgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omorgus difformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difformis">Omorgus difformis</taxonomicName>
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Gmelin:
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<bibRefCitation id="DC5F0BCAFB1660A389DA74DEC3BD8DF8" author="Catoni, G" journalOrPublisher="Cassone, Casale Monferrato" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Contributo per un metodo pratico di difesa contro le tiguole dell'uva. Extracts from " Il Coltivatore " 56 (13 / 14 / 18), C." year="1910">Catoni 1910</bibRefCitation>
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: 17,
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<bibRefCitation id="B77D2F47E9B955DAC227248860037297" author="Catoni, G" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="248 - 259" title="Die Traubenwickler (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff. und Conchylisambiguella Huebn.) und ihre natuerlichen Feinde in Suedtyrol." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1914.tb01129.x" volume="2" year="1914">1914</bibRefCitation>
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: 250;
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<bibRefCitation id="CE17084F86E438FE4556CBE7FAE07B4B" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri 1912</bibRefCitation>
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: 295;
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<bibRefCitation id="B08994A31A1BB58AC14A1FAA365971DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Schwangart 1913</bibRefCitation>
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: 6, 1918: 547;
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<bibRefCitation id="7559A7CC3E1B6172122B943BC384BD22" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Ruschka and Fulmek 1915</bibRefCitation>
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: 391;
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<bibRefCitation id="58BD7148ABF41F0CB9AAF68B7F8F2C95" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Leonardi 1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 259;
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<bibRefCitation id="81E0281B442816A9F089F2AB0B382C24" author="Boselli, F" journalOrPublisher="Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria, Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario, Portici" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Elenco delle specie d'insetti dannosi e loro parassiti ricordati in Italia dal 1911 al 1925." year="1928">Boselli 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 189;
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<bibRefCitation id="E6ECFCC2DED278C66B6AC95885D9B10F" author="Stellwaag, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlagsbuchhandlung Paul Parey, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Die Weinbauinsekten der Kulturlaender, Lehr- und Handbuch." year="1928">Stellwaag 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 663.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="88D9B290ABCA79E82BDCB56554EF70FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="7FFF81692BD1391BF6B2C20A212A341F" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Italian distribution of reared parasitoids.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="926E20E20BC48211489C131671FA5397" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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Trentino-South Tyrol:
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<bibRefCitation id="4D081DC66ACA9BECE201E00990A9B4DF" author="Catoni, G" journalOrPublisher="Cassone, Casale Monferrato" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Contributo per un metodo pratico di difesa contro le tiguole dell'uva. Extracts from " Il Coltivatore " 56 (13 / 14 / 18), C." year="1910">Catoni 1910</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="D85FDB03549195A44321A30C9BF2D36D" author="Catoni, G" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="248 - 259" title="Die Traubenwickler (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff. und Conchylisambiguella Huebn.) und ihre natuerlichen Feinde in Suedtyrol." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1914.tb01129.x" volume="2" year="1914">1914</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="0257DEF27885C118B17B3CD1F521A971" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri 1912</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="358D4E0B67144DC09F740E566FAF88BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Schwangart 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="5785B3F8DDED34028F42498FEC7134C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">1918</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C6937C13EC4BE22ACA20F9EB4937CECC" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Ruschka and Fulmek 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
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.
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="F090BA3BF8405C0D84C185C8CE036547" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Veneto:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3B51251CEE02BE474A06A9C480B23735" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Marchesini and Dalla
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="863615DE55DE3A40B97761DCFD201720" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
1992
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="37E362D122415623C5012EF7083AFCC8" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="598408EFB081BF25432EDD07085BC61D" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Informatore Fitopatologico" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="3 - 10" title="I nemici naturali della tignoletta dell'uva nei vigneti del Veneto." volume="1998" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A96EF0EE5E6EB73787FD69311EE5411A" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Dalla
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F5ED2008700884145821340709E300B5" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
et al. 1993
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3055C2004D439A7ACA986323EB737779" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Marchesini et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="0EB8D13E022AB7C2F6F160C8CAB355E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Marchesini 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="7CEBB94C8EA5EEA78B11E9F22E318D52" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Piedmont:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2BEE4A4BE1F8484BA9ADE4E9B9A19F64" author="Colombera, S" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 96" title="Comparison between the parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana and Eupoeciliaambiguella in conventional and integrated vineyards." volume="24" year="2001">Colombera et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="BFFEB3428C997BB73B0084DE8EB52707" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Tuscany:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5DF605DE7EA68EE534E7FB43706FAE27" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Dalla
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="3986FE7A3D318459E31FDB4DA0408139" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
et al. 1993
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8469759E8A580566633E6D03A6FDA18C" author="Bagnoli, B" journalOrPublisher="Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="139 - 142" title="Parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana (Den. & Schiff.) in Tuscany." volume="29" year="2006">Bagnoli and Lucchi 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A984F360B3834DB4498CECA5CD1333D9" author="Lucchi, A" journalOrPublisher="Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="197 - 202" title="Life history of Lobesiabotrana on Daphnegnidium in a Natural Park of Tuscany." volume="67" year="2011">Lucchi and Santini 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="56B9065195135E20F6E47A4EEFD140B0" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BB2603406590B26CE5154AA4AA2680FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Scaramozzino et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="EDC4035D63A61B013C1CD5A024BAA15B" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Campania:
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="585C3B50B3B10ED412D66E38235C0BAF" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="043993BDF74A70DD85F963F388F374D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Sicily: Alcamo (TP), ex
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C1A7A42927DFFA49BE51EF61FAF37F6F" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Lobesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lobesia botrana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botrana">Lobesia botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
on grapes (ZSM new record).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="9DBD8B79F1A6265EC647EBB9575B019A" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="44F4B7CEEFE9DFC9024F426A5695F86A" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FD84C38A02E1114099B53DC1A8F81697" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E7A1B82237E6500A259F5224FED16B46" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is a Mediterranean species, occurring in the Iberian Peninsula, France, Corsica, Italy, Switzerland and Turkey (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C682E0324F4461DE062C618010322A8A" author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" url="http://www.taxapad.com" year="2012">Yu et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="303F53E3D55D4DF36B5718E2D0D39727" author="Zwakhals, K" journalOrPublisher="Redia" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" url="http://fauna-eu.org" year="2017">Zwakhals and van Achterberg 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). It is widespread in most of the southern European wine-growing areas (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="52EA3819F2E2B5473FB7E5EA2DE9B451" author="Bagnoli, B" journalOrPublisher="Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="139 - 142" title="Parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana (Den. & Schiff.) in Tuscany." volume="29" year="2006">Bagnoli and Lucchi 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), although its presence on EGVM in Southern Italy was not definitely ascertained.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="15CCA3DA1EC31108A5460B05A60EDC77" author="Nuzzaci, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="47 - 52" title="Note sulla biocenosi in Puglia della Lobesia (Polychrosis) botrana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) infeudata a Daphnegnidium L." volume="17" year="1982">Nuzzaci and Triggiani (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, in Apulia, underline the presence of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7B13BB3B92AEB1CD97505BC25A50179C" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
on EGVM feeding on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="67025F28C14A984BCA48D319C4DA24F3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Daphne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Daphne gnidium" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnidium">Daphne gnidium</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and the absence of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="644EF0F2CD72094F172EB60A789437D5" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, as already stated by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F5AD6443088C10025AD43C30EA7303E" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. When checking his collection in Naples, we found two series of specimens, both reported as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F794976860F4C53FAA709C49796D2922" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="98DD3861C812980C1A112A1FD761F364" lsidName="L. botrana" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="botrana">L. botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Actually, the two series are composed of at least three different species:
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="3FDF3F80972CB36E037C6A55224431C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
1.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ACF13AF940C14679FDCCA288B796574E" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Portici (Naples), 5 females and 3 males, and from San Michele
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="5830D65CAF59C1CE2B0C93D0059D5200" originalValue="all’Adige">all'Adige</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
(Trento), 3 females, 3 males and 1 individual without metasoma. The specimens from San Michele
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="BE46F3DF021C93C38CF18BBF4AC31550" originalValue="all’Adige">all'Adige</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
have the same origin of those studied and published by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BC04A242A49ACF9F371F96D1B06A28B6" author="Catoni, G" journalOrPublisher="Cassone, Casale Monferrato" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Contributo per un metodo pratico di difesa contro le tiguole dell'uva. Extracts from " Il Coltivatore " 56 (13 / 14 / 18), C." year="1910">Catoni (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
with the name of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F17CB713F456EF91C0DA64FA200E41E4" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and identified by O. von Schmiedeknecht.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="4183CF972A5F2D4CF40E30F730028283" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
2.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F79FC246CB0C0213E53D0E0E4B540506" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Diadegma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diadegma stigmatellae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatellae">Diadegma stigmatellae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Horstmann, 1980 (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B260F48F5DAF7477D381A21B3E45CDF5" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Campopleginae">Campopleginae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
), 6 males and 4 females from Portici, a parasitoid of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5DFC60989336C698E4AF214047476E88" family="Gracillariidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="family">Gracillariidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B5C7AE3C7B28930A18A3699CE921DE46" author="Shaw, MR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="273 - 296" title="An analysis of host range in the Diadegmananus group of parasitoids in Western Europe, with a key to species (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae)." volume="6" year="1997">Shaw and Horstmann 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="22C034B950BAD9251176D6F8FAD369F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
3.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6FD20C6088086DDF6200762013459082" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pristomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristomerus vulnerator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulnerator">Pristomerus vulnerator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(Panzer, 1799) (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B656944300D636C4A38DCD40153815C3" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Cremastinae">Cremastinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) 1 male and 1 female from Portici.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9FD9A1B83ABAA41687D9DF4843A8B43A" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
We are not sure if the two series of specimens correspond to those actually studied by Silvestri but we think that the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="38294D8A31B24D05AFC7E0E6555B8213" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Campoplex</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
specimens he had attributed to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="858E7C8450BFAF4C8C69729337B87C8D" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Omorgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omorgus difformis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difformis">Omorgus difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
belong to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F24D0824F53971E8EC6B6139DE1DCE0C" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FEABA7C234EC2A02DF064C1C4FB0F9D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
In the Horstmann collection, as well as in the general collection of ZSM, we found 7 females and 6 males of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D9571AF38A4E34025E3463B82E240B3D" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Sicily (Alcamo, TP), emerged from larvae of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3C5166DB6BD7AE34195086EA6891FF7D" lsidName="L. botrana" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="botrana">L. botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
feeding on grapes in July 2007, August 2009 and late May-June 2010. Also in the Horstmann collection we examined a male and a female of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6AA7559F62827580D83907BA402906E4" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Piacenza (Northern Italy), obtained from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2E0C508801CFC9078AEAF162B8DC0B12" lsidName="E. ambiguella" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="ambiguella">E. ambiguella</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C106FE7530E5BD5AD7B61B86218943CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="host">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="AC814ED7ED155D8D2F28B1394CDC05C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Host range.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="D58218CC6158871E3A3CA4BB61EC2CED" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E4AB4EA4A6FFB7F9CF278E992AFD4F72" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
seems to have an extremely limited host range. It was discovered on EGVM for the first time by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1876EC4608479BDB62762581C7C99900" author="Coscolla, R" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal - Plagas" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="5 - 15" title="Aproximacion al estudio del parasitismo natural sobre Lobesiabotrana Den. y Schiff. en las comarcas viticolas Valencianas." volume="6" year="1980">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="14A3A8046323BD1DC4622EB399366619" originalValue="Coscollá">Coscolla</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
(1980)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
in Spain.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="DE44601FA673D439CF3C7F799BD7CB99" author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" url="http://www.taxapad.com" year="2012">Yu et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
list only two host species,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="689DDD200AEDF5755730F241720F4382" lsidName="L. botrana" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="botrana">L. botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FCC00082258B4E6DE63823A1EA471792" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Ancylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancylis mitterbacheriana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mitterbacheriana">Ancylis mitterbacheriana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(Denis &
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E3C561C6DE9D1504BDDC34E9C10A85C9" originalValue="Schiffermüller">Schiffermueller</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
, 1775) (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="51033A6B799B68188E3C2ACAF1229767" lsidName="Symphyta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2D708ED93FDDCA02DF47E3B4EE3CA11D" family="Tortricidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="family">Tortricidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
). According to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1AA08BB28C25E4A849DBA6B678B424E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Villemant et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, in French vineyards
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DA2647B4A02BE2D4D1C6381784529845" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
lives mainly at the expenses of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D20EC7ACB062148CE83AE14EA96B9688" lsidName="L. botrana" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="botrana">L. botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D5ACC041898C939DA97C4163F912B388" lsidName="E. ambiguella" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="ambiguella">E. ambiguella</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, though it has been obtained occasionally also from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A9244B96F41FDC538B3EDA54FEC5FF75" lsidName="S. pilleriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="pilleriana">S. pilleriana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. All the mentioned hosts live mainly on the grapevine, with the exception of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7D4343111CBD6729133CA8463F3D1E52" lsidName="A. mitterbacheriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="mitterbacheriana">A. mitterbacheriana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, an univoltine leaf folder which lives on deciduous woodlands and whose larvae feed on the leaves of beech, common hornbeam, oaks, and sweet chestnut (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D6AABABD055E8A209708F4FDA6962CBF" author="Alford, DV" journalOrPublisher="Manson Publishing Ltd, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Pests of ornamental trees, shrubs and flowers. A colour handbook. Second Edition." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b15136" year="2012">Alford 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F9BBBA04DB77B6B43FE6D9DA99397BC9" author="Brown, JW" journalOrPublisher="Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria, Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario, Portici" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" url="http://www.tortricid.net/foodplants.asp" year="2008">Brown et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C672E3DAF7F0163E3450BA2B7DDE3578" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="ecological role">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="261B8C7015D922102D84EF981E63E949" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Ecological role.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="7B82E2EE4385A034D437B4C8618234F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7BF0E37D82E1D2F6A4D1497D288AF51C" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is a solitary koinobiont larval endoparasitoid. Its development is strongly synchronized with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E3D91BE13FDB2DDDFA8D960473B84EBE" lsidName="L. botrana" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="botrana">L. botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: both species overwinter in the same places, and live in close association, the first at the expense of the larvae of all the moth generations. The female oviposits into the body of EGVM larvae of 2nd-4th instar (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="45A1C0E300B4CE51B52BB9459D5C8AF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="7BAEA3A698BBEE2F0268375D30477956" originalValue="Thiéry">Thiery</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
2008
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="60A6A67EB2E6FFEBC1E8F03B3A568FF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Villemant et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Endophagous larva kills the host after spinning its own cocoon inside the moth cocoon. The larva of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="547CB6B0A5DE97A87F4CE51CC404C370" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
builds a delicate elongated semi-transparent cocoon characterized by rounded poles, white color and a thin median opaque transverse line (Figure 4D).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="9E7A479DEA098C028082D2F04E9923D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="064B4EE6002DA5FDE2C98F66DB7E8FB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 4.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DE0DE2990C7101A1000E49BD5C10F72C" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Aubert, 1960 (female and male: IT, San Rossore Pisa ex
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="39490F1C8D24ED542EDE9CDBDB6D96CD" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Lobesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lobesia botrana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botrana">Lobesia botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) A female habitus lateral view B male habitus lateral view C propodeum female, dorsal view D opened cocoon inside a EGVM cocoon, in a dried nest on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C6F2DE0107F4769A71C8214567428C9E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Daphne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Daphne gnidium" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnidium">Daphne gnidium</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
E distal 24 articles of female antenna.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8ACB3AB2BBDD1197A160354CFFE12197" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">The parasitization rates recorded in Europe (Italy excluded) are shown in Table 5, while those recorded in Italy are shown in Table 6.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="A3405358EAE9BE7352BA8718F7CA9795" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="98F1EEF23A0EAED4750DCA105B1CCD11" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Table 5.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="91D2B73476287D260D76092F5BB1469D" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
parasitization rates recorded on the European grapevine moth in Europe (Italy excluded).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="6AF431EDA1D58953F3EFFE7FF12A57F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="7EA25C61520DBC57537A85A7F4DEB1BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="01EC243D3774CEE3FA4E84C709AB6E39" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="99CD861EE425AFE1E51936D22964110F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Author/s and publication year</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="A9E28130C858D146B28DE1F62EDF0F43" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Country and region</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="0F3C84CFF061F2E03CCEBE76A03E37EC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Host plant or cv</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="B29336B1E3FC2C39E7E4767A8D6E7966" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Year</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="32CEF8F9A137E12AF986503B8A746917" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
1
|
|||
|
|
<sup id="905768B7605E5121C63479130F399666" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">st</sup>
|
|||
|
|
generation (antophagous)
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="9234B5C669E7B1FC8C8B726EA5DDB9C7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
2
|
|||
|
|
<sup id="DDDDF514876A079217E5E1A3908810FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">nd</sup>
|
|||
|
|
generation (carpophagous)
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="FAE0CE4DD89628DF833743AECFC97966" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
3
|
|||
|
|
<sup id="BB4125E0152DA3CEB53645CEB2731994" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">rd</sup>
|
|||
|
|
generation (carpophagous)
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="C19DA479850370AE6EC2C40A57F9AADA" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="1E1B3CD23703A6480490AE99CE5AB41E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3B1710EA40379F971D1B5729B48946C4" author="Carlos, CR" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal-Plagas" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="355 - 362" title="Parasitismo asociado a la polilla del racimo de la vid, Lobesiabotrana (Dennis & Schiffermueller) en la Regiao Demarcada do Douro." volume="32" year="2006">Carlos et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="929557A80BD044280BD9E7118A570EBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="E57723D40539641AA2B3FF6616E8C6BF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="ED782D86252958C992C4C3EB8EAA6196" author="Carlos, CR" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal-Plagas" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="355 - 362" title="Parasitismo asociado a la polilla del racimo de la vid, Lobesiabotrana (Dennis & Schiffermueller) en la Regiao Demarcada do Douro." volume="32" year="2006">Carlos et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="C2EDFEE52ABD5B10B554D1F561CA79A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="6F43255C898F4040D623E423DC35D78D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6548482455D98EA9D7EF2405001720DB" author="Coscolla, R" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal - Plagas" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="5 - 15" title="Aproximacion al estudio del parasitismo natural sobre Lobesiabotrana Den. y Schiff. en las comarcas viticolas Valencianas." volume="6" year="1980">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="D987B69D9D2B2DD5958BC9D5BCC3A65D" originalValue="Coscollá">Coscolla</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
1980
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="D8384541B7991AD94C3D6AA343E30007" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="2A85B5D4ADB69E6FD771F0E31CDC5678" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="ED727ADD2A2DF99EFA1B30E17F2149AF" author="Coscolla, R" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal - Plagas" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="5 - 15" title="Aproximacion al estudio del parasitismo natural sobre Lobesiabotrana Den. y Schiff. en las comarcas viticolas Valencianas." volume="6" year="1980">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="84143B6FCDA543465E6B5BBFE9904169" originalValue="Coscollá">Coscolla</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
1980
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="2A613357D041104A1895F919BC423CA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="EEF5BCC4DDAD73D3D9DDF28569500633" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="54EC1F0F07DE4A7E36B41A92357DF5C7" author="Coscolla, R" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal - Plagas" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="5 - 15" title="Aproximacion al estudio del parasitismo natural sobre Lobesiabotrana Den. y Schiff. en las comarcas viticolas Valencianas." volume="6" year="1980">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="97D7FB64B86771217542610290DD1E63" originalValue="Coscollá">Coscolla</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
1980
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="7EC184DD562C2580D208F206DA34770C" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="4219213F421AB6B2739861BC8DBE65D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="78E323C3A69C96E9BDE09650A166633A" author="Moreau, J" journalOrPublisher="Biological control" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="300 - 306" title="Species diversity of larval parasitoids of the European grapevine moth (Lobesiabotrana, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): the influence of region and cultivar." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.05.019" volume="54" year="2010">Moreau et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="32531BF0475C8DED784E53A83424BC98" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="3C896D23F9060D1A06B2816522C9B60C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C00EB3CFB399CD9DE6F8F1319EB148D0" author="Moreau, J" journalOrPublisher="Biological control" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="300 - 306" title="Species diversity of larval parasitoids of the European grapevine moth (Lobesiabotrana, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): the influence of region and cultivar." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.05.019" volume="54" year="2010">Moreau et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="E60F3D2317B8C3614E289FFD13FAA6DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="C258F2133004D5943DA0F317483A149B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="FA1856C477760DD7A99EB22CDAC2E9D4" author="Moreau, J" journalOrPublisher="Biological control" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="300 - 306" title="Species diversity of larval parasitoids of the European grapevine moth (Lobesiabotrana, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): the influence of region and cultivar." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.05.019" volume="54" year="2010">Moreau et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="E06A7F5D6DC02F0E8A07BF288F59CAA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="019B1B3E42AFE4DAEE73CCFF0C8769B3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="563EF7986194FCB06E7C965BF65D646E" author="Moreau, J" journalOrPublisher="Biological control" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="300 - 306" title="Species diversity of larval parasitoids of the European grapevine moth (Lobesiabotrana, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): the influence of region and cultivar." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.05.019" volume="54" year="2010">Moreau et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="96F79A6AE5AE59978F5755248EC20A89" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="6A1CD6E1409C938CF7A87BF844432188" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="64057C1E9BCD73878AA1F284D86CF57D" author="Moreau, J" journalOrPublisher="Biological control" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="300 - 306" title="Species diversity of larval parasitoids of the European grapevine moth (Lobesiabotrana, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): the influence of region and cultivar." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.05.019" volume="54" year="2010">Moreau et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="912842927DA2F6F2E9A2FCEED474ED8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="13317F61BDFABD24C36455B906A047DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Table 6.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="511DD83509882267F88AC4E6F4952CF4" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Campoplex</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species: percentages of parasitism on the European grapevine moth reported in Italy by different authors.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="B487054F0F8D5FB98FC93881B2C70826" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="D761C7C8553D017421C9024988C44DC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="CF9B02525C3579BCAC488BEE1EB0B5EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="8DFC9A8AEF52AC60CC4FE94F148E542F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Species or Author/s and publication year</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="DB550CEE54AA29E2F2D4C84A4E2413C1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Italian Region/ Locality</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="75984FA31AF6A7CA7972CA39D667FF5A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Host plant</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="90B9BC77216202DB7E6267118D825DDA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">Year</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="CDF691B8EB3A1A6F6108AA46D3E438D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
1
|
|||
|
|
<sup id="E3EB9B766C8E7675C3CB40A34ACADE2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">st</sup>
|
|||
|
|
generation (antophagous)
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="B06CE61D98E8A90EEC2CD7F813536E15" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
2
|
|||
|
|
<sup id="AD189B813CFD9CDC9A2011B23512C5D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">nd</sup>
|
|||
|
|
generation (carpophagous)
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="FFC16B45EC6140E3AFB78956152B5910" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
3
|
|||
|
|
<sup id="9F871FA30C4C431C41F8AFE026F1C9E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">rd</sup>
|
|||
|
|
generation (carpophagous)
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
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</tr>
|
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|
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<tr id="47C33FA6444ECAA8EC137D063F025156" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
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<td id="31AEDFB7DE1C62A27DC5376231F548F5" colspan="7" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CDD4019CDD52869D5E0ED477A77C6662" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Campoplex</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
sp.
|
|||
|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
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<tr id="527FE845DABE9184E0ABA6FBC33EC2E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
|
<td id="E648DE91DBF57D274D32B4EC182324E2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="040BF56C904112A75FF3CDEE72E1D8E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pinna et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
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|
|
</tr>
|
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|
|
<tr id="1C2C11A1A0093A79B7D97CF45E3B613D" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
|
<td id="220BC0618C9C92D79CC769D7F1E3D745" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7FCD1EF9CC18C3BA0C27FC969139E22E" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pinna et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
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|
|
</tr>
|
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|
|
<tr id="D1EE59E6E550FC7041B7A088269AE7B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
|
<td id="E391645594B94BDD559F686704294815" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A498C9054357C45BC8CC1444D324B625" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pinna et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
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|
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<tr id="127AB58C58B29C411888BA5E3AB8FC86" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
|
<td id="4CEBA0FD30CEBC0EB25F93DD275BC102" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="4F342EF8BF266B35E141AE72DBA9170F" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pinna et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
</td>
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<tr id="0760301C27AC0C918CEC83D833C7F26D" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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|
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<td id="C427E0D8D6CC1B79E495B83EC445CAF5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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</td>
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|
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|
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<td id="98E89CB567E412FE7B6CB952F3662299" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="BE82E59E1C8C6532F132026A4DEAA826" author="Lozzia, GC" journalOrPublisher="Vignevini" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="33 - 37" title="Osservazioni sulle strategie di controllo biologiche e integrate delle tignole della vite in Italia settentrionale." volume="11" year="1991">Lozzia and Rigamonti 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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<tr id="EAF4C21A66A9E1DCA75C848A838C718C" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
|
<td id="3E1200E294AE9BF23F0300E437251C70" colspan="7" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EB39BB423E125072BAE2ACDB92B0B8F4" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
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|
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</td>
|
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|
|
</tr>
|
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|
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<tr id="5D6DED9E305CCBB883385BB8500C49F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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|
|
<td id="362709D436585F3D7071624801A81BD6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B4B7971BA2A13466B64591180915BD08" author="Colombera, S" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 96" title="Comparison between the parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana and Eupoeciliaambiguella in conventional and integrated vineyards." volume="24" year="2001">Colombera et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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|
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</td>
|
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</tr>
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<tr id="953E210BD5373B39B24E9E02F7A9C599" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
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<td id="3DC1D5B78F6D06B48DF2F67C80DC9E62" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F98EE461B5238B7C6A0E3D57ADE6FDE6" author="Colombera, S" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 96" title="Comparison between the parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana and Eupoeciliaambiguella in conventional and integrated vineyards." volume="24" year="2001">Colombera et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
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|
|
</tr>
|
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|
|
<tr id="1B682A8F1D0D2F3405E1FF657CE4A664" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
|
<td id="3F73908238FB99793A3E200CD486F5F9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="25E9B6169F21F77EE1FFBEA9F53719F8" author="Colombera, S" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 96" title="Comparison between the parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana and Eupoeciliaambiguella in conventional and integrated vineyards." volume="24" year="2001">Colombera et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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</td>
|
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|
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</tr>
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<tr id="DF90D101BD6CA34C08BF95EFD0D3F65A" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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|
|
<td id="44F4DD783FD05FAD78D81615F1DB1256" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F1658239F2A299B2019DBAF7DB2C1B20" author="Colombera, S" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 96" title="Comparison between the parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana and Eupoeciliaambiguella in conventional and integrated vineyards." volume="24" year="2001">Colombera et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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</td>
|
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|
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</tr>
|
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|
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<tr id="3ABB48F729F660E40EE85F100941CDC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<td id="DEDB0C2EF6F907146ADA8C63FDF15933" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6005BB53B45B98D142EE0C3EFFB8895F" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">
|
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|
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Marchesini and Dalla
|
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<normalizedToken id="7C0B996B5FCB1937EE1383AD1B69B41D" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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1994
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
</td>
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|
</tr>
|
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<tr id="48DCD671B2B19F84C94436E3757D4C90" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<td id="D14142270DE3DE2C0B3AC41E07E263D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="9CE25503F49CF9C1D6441DB1F1134F85" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">
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Marchesini and Dalla
|
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<normalizedToken id="F95604933BCEFC08F9A4DF87AE75640C" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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1994
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr id="8C993F4EEABE3E3AC40674B12420C91E" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<td id="DB892E31CFD6F137C6B61ABB34D15AFA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="0101CB45B29DE350CEC1E0182908E762" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">
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Marchesini and Dalla
|
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<normalizedToken id="AB48CCF3FEAC9CED75B78887F935571B" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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1994
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</bibRefCitation>
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<tr id="1022F97FBA73310462B377BF9CA12FAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<td id="8E4BF08AAFE464544265223AE0D8AC91" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="F9451780ED3067F86E6A20720030487E" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">
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|
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Marchesini and Dalla
|
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|
|
<normalizedToken id="0593BBF7E56E3BDF458FDD308ACE80AB" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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1994
|
|||
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</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr id="76384003BFD7FD412CC9AF60CFE4CD3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<td id="626022C28428A598E3EE8D9F77D8159E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="BE8A3E5B03D430A5E4EF4BDF1A0D5453" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">
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Marchesini and Dalla
|
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<normalizedToken id="661551069D8F15E80BB065D2D9D198AE" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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1994
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</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr id="AE4F79A8E085601C7E08E948829A00E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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<td id="84192A67137E5227EE5E7CB1092C3BE4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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|
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<bibRefCitation id="12E86150CB32A37A140BEBCB0D08BB10" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">
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|
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Marchesini and Dalla
|
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|
|
<normalizedToken id="EC97039A0894DD331DE941A8663F1DF1" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
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1994
|
|||
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</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="3EE09C862FF27A07ED69F120B48D8EDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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|
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<td id="05914174D88CE95D46A4F204D94051F3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="77127F05F7FA61A02C8D6560495A93D8" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Vitebio, relazione 10" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="I limitatori naturali delle tignole dell'uva nell'agro-ecosistema vigneto." year="2006">Marchesini 2006</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="58D0794C8D141A30FDB0CC6BC7D78FCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2007</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr id="6B2DDF821D3EA8EB32B87E38740E80CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
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|
|
<td id="8ADE4D72C324371A3707C73A81CC238A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="270A19489A740500EAA31D9D6AEB37D9" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Vitebio, relazione 10" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="I limitatori naturali delle tignole dell'uva nell'agro-ecosistema vigneto." year="2006">Marchesini 2006</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="C5366EBFD19D2D05A6556B8D037C11F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2007</bibRefCitation>
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</td>
|
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</tr>
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<tr id="8BEDD8B9EA94D798DB20B05A19678D0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="0D2D9A33F39B509CA5E879868896F005" colspan="7" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C99C77AAC10CAF90F06DF4B1ECA29524" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex difformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difformis">Campoplex difformis</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="A0E1AE8A08EB014EDC2D51D1F6F07C69" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<td id="0460B7F7C122EED2E47919406FC76BB5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A5984B111ADDD89DEE0C98AE2D982FD8" author="Nuzzaci, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="47 - 52" title="Note sulla biocenosi in Puglia della Lobesia (Polychrosis) botrana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) infeudata a Daphnegnidium L." volume="17" year="1982">Nuzzaci and Triggiani 1982</bibRefCitation>
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|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="591F8DBBF39D981898B2A6F78039E9CE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rowspan="1">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E20547CC13FA09045F2EC58C815DD0AB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Daphne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Daphne gnidium" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnidium">Daphne gnidium</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
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|
|
<paragraph id="F9BFDB55429679E9938800FD4557E24E" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="768A460FFDD88C377AF4AAF375D56FEE" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
frequently found
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="362D1BA7F4EDA5FBE8CDBBA3618493D0" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
on EGVM, both in Trentino (Northern Italy), in spring, and in Portici (Naples), from July to September. In Veneto (Northern Italy) it attacks all the generations of EGVM, with irregular and not particularly high rate of parasitism, often less than 1%, sometimes close to 12% in the first generation and 14% in the second and slightly more than 8% in the third generation (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D08BD86D2E06C4470C77AD4CEA03D0C3" author="Marchesini, E" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicultura, serie II," pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="201 - 230" title="Observations on natural enemies of Lobesiabotrana (Den. et Schiff.) (LepidopteraTortricidae) in Venetian vineyards." volume="26" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
Marchesini and Dalla
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="11606BAF66B499C4CCA462E39F0CB181" originalValue="Montà">Monta</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
1994
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CC7BF57FC7CCBE320C31D9C2AF800D48" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Marchesini et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); sometimes it is absent. In Piedmont, where EGVM developed 2 generations per year,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F553C04D45BD2C16C24464A63933DBEA" author="Colombera, S" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 96" title="Comparison between the parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana and Eupoeciliaambiguella in conventional and integrated vineyards." volume="24" year="2001">Colombera et al. (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
recorded parasitization rates of 7.4% and 5.9%, respectively. In Tuscany (Central Italy), on grapevine,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="580F977973B0558D0EEB30CEC4CDBA7A" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is the most frequent species among larval parasitoids, showing a good parasitic activity throughout the region, mostly on larvae of the first two generations of the year (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BD623C1E925B1FBA00B94AE961835718" author="Bagnoli, B" journalOrPublisher="Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="139 - 142" title="Parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana (Den. & Schiff.) in Tuscany." volume="29" year="2006">Bagnoli and Lucchi 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In the Natural Reserve of San Rossore (Pisa, Tuscany), it is very frequent on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A23E4040C50171233626D4C3E2637720" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Daphne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Daphne gnidium" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnidium">Daphne gnidium</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, where it represents the dominant species in the parasitoid community of EGVM; attacking larvae of all three generations, it contributed for more than 58% of the total number of parasitoids found in 2014 and more than 73% in 2015, with an overall annual parasitization rate for 2014 next to 10% (
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="39A4335745A1253EF037EEBFEA72F7E8" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="B9D9C8A57F79CCE217E48A9248B28A2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
In France, the rates of parasitism can be very high, especially in the EGVM first generation (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="DA1D218A7AEC961F3A6E179B9C663F0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Villemant et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In the vineyards of Valencia (Spain),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ACFF8087AC4436B890B62102AC12BD8F" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is the only larval parasitoid that plays a significant role in the control of EGVM, even if the total parasitism levels found in that region were low across all the three generations (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="40FE14406A789A1C3E19C807D502BD2E" author="Coscolla, R" journalOrPublisher="Generalitat Valenciana, Consejerfa de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentacion, Valencia, Spain" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="La polilla del racimo de la vid (Lobesiabotrana Den. y Schiff.)." year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="337CB1A1B17F63CE56731A9474285C35" originalValue="Coscollá">Coscolla</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
1997
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In Douro Wine Region (Portugal),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6377E43975654F2E5F9C43FC40CCCF80" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is the second most abundant parasitoid of EGVM (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="ACFCB47148E14413AD2DCE1F800281ED" author="Carlos, C" journalOrPublisher="Ciencia e Tecnica Vitivinicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="1006 - 1011" title="Environmental safe strategies to control the European grapevine moth, Lobesiabotrana (Den. & Schiff.), in the Douro demarcated region." volume="28" year="2013">Carlos et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), representing the 11.8% of parasitoids obtained in 10-year surveys. In Turkey, the species is mostly widespread in the Aegean vineyards (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="ABB93DD2D571B5FA7238104369C15B56" author="Koclu, T" journalOrPublisher="IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="293 - 297" title="The parasitoids of the European grapevine moth (Lobesiabotrana Den. - Schiff.) and predators in the mating disruption-treated vineyards in Turkey integrated fruit protection in fruit crops." volume="28" year="2005">Koclu et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="88FE895E2A4CB84B242BA4983EEC1E9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="97D1E6662F89A8B620E3B57ABE118F63" originalValue="Özsemerci">Oezsemerci</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
et al. 2016
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="A5F957A34603598717611BC37EF07205" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Despite being considered one of the possible candidates for use in the biological control of EGVM, the knowledge about its behavior and its development are too limited and still some difficulties have to be overcome to develop an efficient mass rearing in bio-factory (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="4864AC861770C00761845CA42C8D95AE" author="Bagnoli, B" journalOrPublisher="Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture, IOBC / WPRS Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="139 - 142" title="Parasitoids of Lobesiabotrana (Den. & Schiff.) in Tuscany." volume="29" year="2006">Bagnoli and Lucchi 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Nevertheless, a recent cooperation between Italian and Chilean entomologists seems very promising (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9055DC43B424AFC5211ACDE7701EFCFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Lucchi et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C7D811CC40D83BB313654173A86F6431" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="taxonomic notes">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="05476F9114DDD3C7917AE2C49314B31E" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="59682BA6E19820A64DA7A926753B3E07" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="02534850E6F85DEE6A120ED26E1235A0" author="Horstmann, K" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="129 - 163" title="Revision der mit difformis (Gmelin, 1790) verwandten westpalaearktischen Arten der Gattung Campoplex Gravenhorst, 1829 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)." volume="6" year="1985">Horstmann (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
divided the Western Palaearctic species of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5C15C9F87DFB242BC1A60DF15BA4572E" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Campoplex</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in four species-groups: melanostictus (including the spurius-group), continuus, discrepans and difformis species-groups; later, the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="046711FD633A0F804711603D2E5C75FB" lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="borealis">C. borealis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species-group was added (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="976F9FE991C5B161FA931DB8D3DEBEA4" author="Horstmann, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Muenchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="105 - 115" title="Revisionen von Schlupfwespen-Arten XVI (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)." volume="102" year="2012">Horstmann 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Both
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4E255CFAEEE2BD4C106C59CAD433A63A" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="884A69B1F4C67BE3EE4317781E0973EE" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
belong to
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="91F825308A16EBB40F9A2AB7E3E1F1AF" originalValue="“difformis”">"difformis"</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
species-group, which is characterized by occipital carina joining hypostomal carina at a right angle at the base of the mandibles (i.e., occipital carina turned outwards ventrally); slender body with apically compressed metasoma; hind tibia with the median outer part from yellowish red to reddish brown, and basal part not clearly brightened; ovipositor sheath relatively long (at least as long as the hind tibia).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7DDE5AC4CC842FC0A85145A73210660A" author="Horstmann, K" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="129 - 163" title="Revision der mit difformis (Gmelin, 1790) verwandten westpalaearktischen Arten der Gattung Campoplex Gravenhorst, 1829 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)." volume="6" year="1985">Horstmann (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
describes the female of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0E15CA775FF6D6C572370BA69DB4362D" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as follows in the key: body size approx. 5 mm, face wider than long, temples behind the eyes narrow, the lines (as seen in profile from above) touching the outside of the eyes and temples usually intersecting in or behind the scuto-scutellar groove, antennal segments, in the last quarter, at least as long as wide, prepectal carina medially not significantly broader than ventrolaterally and not clearly notched, hind coxae black with hind femora predominantly red, ovipositor sheath 1.4-1.7 times as long as the hind tibia, second metasomal segment not more than 1.6 times as long as wide.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="F51065A9D592D59E50FB692E5B167E26" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
The females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ECCC64C721F61BB594B9091BF7FEB03C" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which are very similar to those of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="68E35EF975DBA35CA8419389739A7A52" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, in
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken id="00F9F44AFF949327454CB2184AAC12C2" originalValue="Horstmann’s">Horstmann's</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
keys are distinguished by: body size approx. 8 mm, face longer than wide, antennal segments, in the last quarter, much wider than long, and the area superomedia of propodeum wide, and not clearly separated from the area petiolaris; both areas are clearly depressed.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="E762DDB79AC7EC15F5D14CDC1325A0F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1FC9F7631B4ABAF70F016A013401CCE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Villemant et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
pointed out that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="056EFE7A2BB0D916CCE85DA1AC12748B" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has often been confused with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="44FC8839B4D7A6F003A65489D306034E" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the past and many reports of this species on EGVM should probably be related to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FD119D6FADA419E3913D4B657BA7CA1B" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The identifications of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="64D5EFC21010CDBB41451665C48FF6CD" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
made by Silvestri as well as those of Catoni are to be referred to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0D042A9A47B8859C3752231D10F728D8" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see above). The record of Nuzzaci and Triggiani (see
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="71A72D3CE2D8834797D9AD345D331689" lsidName="C. difformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="difformis">C. difformis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
), whose specimens were identified by Horstmann, has to be considered correct.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="63F953A0F9A9956A69BE9654321D45C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Molecular-based studies indicate that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4EBB366552414D0E8A4CF183AB43D01C" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
could be conspecific of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6961C6D3B3D60B4FAFB7DF99A3789ED8" lsidName="C. formosanae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="formosanae">C. formosanae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Horstmann, 2012, a species reared on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="96DAE3ADD5F6909A7C4514A0D03DE77C" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Enarmonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enarmonia formosana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">Enarmonia formosana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in Germany (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AB580E8F8040F2AD8E0472FD26669711" author="Hunt, E" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished Report, CABI Europe - Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Biological control of cherry bark tortrix, Enarmoniaformosana. Annual Report 2006 / 2007." year="2007">Hunt and Kuhlmann 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D902E941F0E4397B3CB4999315620247" author="Hunt, E" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished Report, CABI Europe - Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Biological control of cherry bark tortrix, Enarmoniaformosana. Annual Report 2007 / 2008." year="2008">Hunt et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The species was identified as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F1F7BED8090A2ADBB0F27BCACBE724CB" lsidName="C. dubitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="dubitator">C. dubitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
at first, but then recognized as a valid species by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BCB7FE5A11F526FE37A118A33E2FDD0E" author="Horstmann, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Muenchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="105 - 115" title="Revisionen von Schlupfwespen-Arten XVI (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)." volume="102" year="2012">Horstmann (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Despite molecular differences between the two species were not significant (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="FD1716422B965026B25ACC83DB194C52" author="Hunt, E" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished Report, CABI Europe - Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Biological control of cherry bark tortrix, Enarmoniaformosana. Annual Report 2006 / 2007." year="2007">Hunt and Kuhlmann 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="14E123C28973D426B16DCA42AEFCEED1" author="Hunt, E" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished Report, CABI Europe - Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Biological control of cherry bark tortrix, Enarmoniaformosana. Annual Report 2007 / 2008." year="2008">Hunt et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), laboratory tests showed that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="38F1CC6DCF4FE7F35662E8C4DAED9BC1" lsidName="C. formosanae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="formosanae">C. formosanae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was unable to develop on EGVM larvae and small but constant morphological characters have been found that lead to consider
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E2DA84267C46DAA01BC80E81BA4116B4" lsidName="C. formosanae" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="formosanae">C. formosanae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as a distinct species from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7FCFFAEA7034FD5E426AF435BFA8000" lsidName="C. capitator" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="capitator">C. capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="61613505E88BB8B58FDF37DBF7FE8D6A" author="Hunt, E" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished Report, CABI Europe - Switzerland, Delemont, Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" title="Biological control of cherry bark tortrix, Enarmoniaformosana. Annual Report 2007 / 2008." year="2008">Hunt et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="05430BF614932AE120F21EF59EA09700" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Jenner et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="B0ECEC2DE0365C444DE46C20909150C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="63DD4F7D7104E831F053721B4B97A14C" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 5.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4F515C84AFD5ED9D88F61CF226664867" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Campoplex capitator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitator">Campoplex capitator</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Aubert, 1960 (female: IT, San Rossore Pisa ex
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="10B2ABE5CA4A6A2FCC04F60177A85E43" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Lobesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lobesia botrana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botrana">Lobesia botrana</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) A wings B head frontal view C head and mesosoma dorsal view D mesopleuron with epicnemial and postpectal carinae, ventral view.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|