607 lines
77 KiB
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607 lines
77 KiB
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<mods:title id="BEB4D157AC287606DF725B8CD2E5D110">Messinian rodents from Moncucco Torinese, NW Italy: palaeobiodiversity and biochronology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3F505629C8F2332A60309B8752276157">Colombero, Simone</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0879FAEDD3E549FE4A92F98A5958C245">Pavia, Giulio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9D43F924181EA0BC759D990B2B2CD507">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<treatment id="72738785FF80FFECBB86A8D2FE2015B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836545" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182404795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4836545" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72738785FF80FFECBB86A8D2FE2015B6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72738785FF80FFECBB86A8D2FE2015B6" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF80FFE9BB86A8D2FD8711D8" box="[207,553,690,717]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB86A8D2FD8711D8" blockId="33.[207,553,690,717]" box="[207,553,690,717]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<heading id="A12D81FFFF80FFE9BB86A8D2FD8711D8" box="[207,553,690,717]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9BB86A8D2FD8711D8" authority="Sulimski, 1964" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[207,553,690,717]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
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<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BB86A8D2FED011D8" bold="true" box="[207,382,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Sciurus warthae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BACCA8D2FD8711D8" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[389,553,691,717]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF80FFE9BA72A8B2FE1211F8" box="[315,444,723,749]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BA72A8B2FE1211F8" blockId="33.[315,444,723,749]" box="[315,444,723,749]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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(
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<figureCitation id="62E12A16FF80FFE9BA0AA8B2FE1A11F8" box="[323,436,723,749]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1350,1368]" captionTargetBox="[113,1157,267,1311]" captionTargetId="figure-127@34.[112,662,762,1313]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 8. — Isolated teeth of Sciuridae Fischer,1817 from Moncucco Torinese:A, B, Pliopetaurista pliocaenica (Depéret,1897);A, MGPT- PU 128220,M3 dex.; B, MGPT-PU 128221,m1 dex.; C, D, Sciurus warthae Sulimski, 1964; C, MGPT-PU 128347, M3 dex.; D, MGPT- PU 128218, m1 sin. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538581" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538581/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Fig. 8A, B</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF80FFE9BB38A96DFD2610B6" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38A96DFE47104C" blockId="33.[113,646,780,857]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DACA11BDFF80FFE9BB38A96DFE47104C" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<treatmentCitation id="7B7B1082FF80FFE9BB38A96DFE741030" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[113,474,780,805]" page="162" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" year="1964">
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<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9BB38A96DFE741030" authority="Sulimski, 1964: 162" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityPageNumber="162" authorityYear="1964" box="[113,474,780,805]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
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<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BB38A96DFEA71031" box="[113,265,780,804]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Sciurus warthae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BA59A96CFE741030" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[272,474,781,805]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski, 1964: 162</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, text fig. 3, pl. 3, figs 1-4. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7B7B1082FF80FFE9BBA0A947FE4A102B" author="MARCHETTI M. & PAROLIN K. & SALA B." box="[233,484,806,830]" page="90" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BBA0A947FE4A102B" author="MARCHETTI M. & PAROLIN K. & SALA B." box="[233,484,806,830]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="79 - 105" refId="ref32698" refString="MARCHETTI M., PAROLIN K. & SALA B. 2000. - The Biharian fauna from Monte La Mesa. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 43: 79 - 105." type="journal article" year="2000">
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Marchetti
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<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BA18A946FE2F102B" box="[337,385,806,830]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">et al.</emphasis>
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2000: 90
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 3, 9-14. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7B7B1082FF80FFE9BB38A920FE93104C" author="DAHLMANN T." box="[113,317,833,857]" page="49" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BB38A920FE93104C" author="DAHLMANN T." box="[113,317,833,857]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref30368" refString="DAHLMANN T. 2001. - Die Kleinsauger der unterpliozanen Fundstelle Wolfersheim in der Wetterau (Mammalia: Lipotyphla, Chiroptera, Rodentia). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 227: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="2001">Dahlmann 2001: 49</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 7, figs 20-27.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38A910FD2610B6" blockId="33.[113,648,880,931]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DACA11BDFF80FFE9BB38A910FD2610B6" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9BB38A910FE9C109D" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[113,306,880,906]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
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<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BB38A910FF16109D" box="[113,184,881,904]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Sciurus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BBAAA911FE9C109D" box="[227,306,880,904]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">warthae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="7B7B1082FF80FFE9BA18A911FD2C109D" author="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K." box="[337,642,880,904]" page="465" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BA18A911FD2C109D" author="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K." box="[337,642,880,904]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="461 - 486" refId="ref29430" refString="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K. 1974. - The Pliocene and Pleistocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensa 19: 461 - 486." type="journal article" year="1974">Black & Kowalski 1974: 465</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 12, figs 1, 2. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7B7B1082FF80FFE9BA7BA9EAFDB810B6" author="SIORI M. S. & SALA B." box="[306,534,907,931]" page="210" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" year="2007">
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<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BA7BA9EAFDB810B6" author="SIORI M. S. & SALA B." box="[306,534,907,931]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="207 - 217" refId="ref34855" refString="SIORI M. S. & SALA B. 2007. - The mammal fauna from the late early Biharian site of Castagnone (Northern Monferrato, Piedmont, NW Italy). Geobios 40: 207 - 217." type="journal article" year="2007">Siori & Sala 2007: 210</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 2, 1-2.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF80FFE9BB38A9DAFDF31717" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38A9DAFE6010C7" blockId="33.[113,462,954,978]" box="[113,462,954,978]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<collectionCode id="9CCBAE56FF80FFE9BB38A9DAFEAA10C4" box="[113,260,955,978]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<typeStatus id="25618831FF80FFE9BB38A9DAFF0C10C5" box="[113,162,955,978]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">TYPE</typeStatus>
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LOCALITY
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</collectionCode>
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. — Węże 1,
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<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF80FFE9BACAA9DBFE6410C7" box="[387,458,954,978]" name="Poland" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Poland</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38A98AFDF31717" blockId="33.[113,605,1002,1027]" box="[113,605,1002,1027]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">OCCURRENCE IN THE STUDIED LAYERS. — MCC5.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF80FFE9BB38AE7BFB8412A5" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38AE7BFF471759" blockId="33.[113,647,1049,1100]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">REFERRED MATERIAL. — A single isolated M3; a single isolated m1.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38AE05FE471783" blockId="33.[111,647,1124,1174]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">MEASUREMENTS. — M3:MGPT-PU 128219 (2.84 × 2.60); m1: MGPT-PU 128221 (2.28 × 2.42).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38AECFFEAC17D3" blockId="33.[111,648,1198,1510]" box="[113,258,1198,1224]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38AEAFFF3617FD" blockId="33.[111,648,1198,1510]" box="[113,152,1230,1256]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BB38AEAFFF3617FD" box="[113,152,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">M3</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38AE8CFF4216F3" blockId="33.[111,648,1198,1510]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Triangular in outline; central basin deep and broad, moderately expanded posteriorly without evidence of crenulation; large and rounded protocone gradually rising from the endoloph; anteroloph lower than protoloph; paracone high and vertical; central basin bordered by a continuous rim interrupted just behind the paracone, where a cusplet occurs; three roots.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38AC6BFF3A1531" blockId="33.[113,647,1546,1699]" box="[113,148,1546,1572]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
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<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BB38AC6BFF3A1531" box="[113,148,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">m1</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9BB38AC4BFB8412A5" blockId="33.[113,647,1546,1699]" lastBlockId="33.[675,1210,216,432]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Rhomboid in outline; molar basin without crenulation; the metaconid constitutes the higher cuspid followed by the hypoconid; protoconid less developed than hypoconid; well-developed and distinct entoconid resulting in an angular postero-lingual outline; anterolophid low; metalophid scarcely visible due to wear; mesostylid very poorly marked and represented by a weak enamel swelling; a notch is present anterior to the entoconid; mesoconid very low and separated from protoconid and hypoconid by two notches; roots not preserved.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF80FFECB9ECABB7FE2015B6" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFE9B9ECABB7FCA712FB" blockId="33.[674,1211,470,1700]" box="[677,777,470,496]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FA653693FF80FFEBB9ECAB94FF7711D8" blockId="33.[674,1211,470,1700]" lastBlockId="35.[111,649,216,1700]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="456" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">
|
|||
|
|
The postero-lingual outline of the m1 is notably angular with a distinct entoconid, a feature present in tree squirrels and most of the flying squirrels (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BFD4A855FC89117B" author="DE BRUIJN H." pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref30822" refString="DE BRUIJN H. 1999. - Superfamily Sciuroidea, in ROSSNER G. E. & HEISSIG K. (eds), The Miocene Land Mammals of Europe. Verlag Dr. Friederich Pfeil, Munchen: 271 - 280." type="book chapter" year="1999">de Bruijn 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Among flying squirrels the morphology of the teeth of the genera
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B8BAA815FD7311B8" authority="Thomas, 1908" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B8BAA815FBFA119B" box="[1011,1108,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Thomas, 1908
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B847A8F5FBEA11B8" authority="Daxner-Hock, 2004" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[782,1092,659,685]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B847A8F5FCCB11B8" box="[782,869,660,685]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Neopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Daxner-Höck, 2004
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is the most similar to the studied material. However, the dental morphology of the extant species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9BF63A8B2FB2511F8" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[1066,1163,723,749]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BF63A8B2FB2511F8" box="[1066,1163,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9B9ECA892FC611019" author="BOUWENS P. & DE BRUIJN H." box="[677,975,754,781]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="113 - 123" refId="ref29586" refString="BOUWENS P. & DE BRUIJN H. 1986. - The flying Squirrels Hylopetes and Petinomys and their fossil record. Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen B 89: 113 - 123." type="journal article" year="1986">Bouwens & de Bruijn 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9BF4DA893FD4E1039" author="THORINGTON R. W. & JR & MUSANTE A. L. & ANDERSON C. G. & DARROW K." pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="69 - 83" refId="ref35016" refString="THORINGTON R. W. JR., MUSANTE A. L., ANDERSON C. G. & DARROW K. 1996. - Validity of three genera of flying squirrels: Eoglaucomys, Glaucomys, and Hylopetes. Journal of Mammology 7: 69 - 83." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
|||
|
|
Thorington
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BFCEA892FB141019" box="[1159,1210,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1996
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF80FFE9B9A2A973FC891039" author="THORINGTON R. W. & JR & PITASSY D. & JANSA S. A." box="[747,807,786,812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" pagination="99 - 135" refId="ref35066" refString="THORINGTON R. W. JR., PITASSY D. & JANSA S. A. 2002. - Phylogenies of flying squirrels (Pteromyinae). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 9: 99 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and comparison with some teeth of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B9ECA953FC5B1059" authority="Horsfield, 1822" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1822" box="[677,1013,818,844]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepidus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B9ECA953FCE21059" box="[677,844,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes lepidus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Horsfield, 1822
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(IVAU and UCBL collections) evidenced the existence of some differences with the studied material. In particular, the m1-2 of extant
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B835A9F0FC7310BE" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[892,989,913,939]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B835A9F0FC7310BE" box="[892,989,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are characterized by protoconid and hypoconid of roughly similar size and structure; both cuspids are high, distinctly vertical, remarkably protruding over the labial margin and from the postero-labial corner of the tooth; the protolophid can be easily distinguished from the hypoconid because it extends slightly posteriorly. In the single m1 from MCC the protoconid is less developed than the hypoconid; the hypoconid does not protrude over the postero-labial corner; the labial cuspids are not as distinct from the cingulids as in extant
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B854AE8CFCD21612" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[797,892,1261,1287]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B854AE8CFCD21612" box="[797,892,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, the posterolophid constitutes a lingual extension of the hypoconid and does not extends posteriorly as in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B8E7AF4CFBA11652" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[942,1039,1325,1351]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B8E7AF4CFBA11652" box="[942,1039,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. In addition, in extant
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B9A2AF2DFCE41673" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[747,842,1356,1382]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B9A2AF2DFCE41673" box="[747,842,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
the anterolophid is well developed, always forming an evident anterosinusid and usually a distinct anteroconulid that is absent in the studied specimen; the mesostylid of extant
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9BF0BAFCAFB0D16D0" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[1090,1187,1451,1477]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9BF0BAFCAFB0D16D0" box="[1090,1187,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is usually present and somewhat isolated whereas it is barely sketched in the single m1 from MCC. In the M3 of extant
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF80FFE9B867AC6BFC221531" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[814,908,1546,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF80FFE9B867AC6BFC221531" box="[814,908,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="454">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
the protocone is well distinct from the endoloph, whereas in the specimen from MCC the protocone is broader and more rounded, gradually rising from the endoloph. Moreover, the enamel of the studied teeth is not sculptured as it usually occurs in unworn teeth of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEABAB0AFAAFDF316F0" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[505,605,1483,1509]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEABAB0AFAAFDF316F0" box="[505,605,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. In summary,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEABB96AF8AFE911510" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[223,319,1515,1541]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEABB96AF8AFE911510" box="[223,319,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
displays more isolated, distinct and higher tubercles, a pronounced anterosinusid and more sculptured and crenulated enamel with respect to the studied molars. Daxner-Höck (2004) included some Neogene species of sciurids previously assigned to the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEABAD5ACE8FE5315B6" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[412,509,1673,1699]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEABAD5ACE8FE5315B6" box="[412,509,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, such as
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB917ACEBFD4916F0" box="[606,743,1483,1699]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Hy- lopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEAB9A4AFAAFB1716F0" authority="Bouwens & de Bruijn, 1986" authorityName="Bouwens & de Bruijn" authorityYear="1986" box="[749,1209,1483,1510]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macedoniensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB9A4AFAAFCD016F0" box="[749,894,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">macedoniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF83FFEAB8CFAFADFB1716F0" author="BOUWENS P. & DE BRUIJN H." box="[902,1209,1483,1510]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" pagination="113 - 123" refId="ref29586" refString="BOUWENS P. & DE BRUIJN H. 1986. - The flying Squirrels Hylopetes and Petinomys and their fossil record. Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen B 89: 113 - 123." type="journal article" year="1986">Bouwens & de Bruijn, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEAB99CAF8AFBC91510" authority="de Bruijn, 1998" authorityName="de Bruijn" authorityYear="1998" box="[725,1127,1515,1541]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoeckarum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB99CAF8AFC001510" box="[725,942,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Hylopetes hoeckarum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF83FFEAB8FFAF8AFBC91510" author="DE BRUIJN H." box="[950,1127,1515,1541]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" pagination="99 - 137" refId="ref30780" refString="DE BRUIJN H. 1998. - Vertebrates from the early Miocene lignite deposits of the opencast mine Oberdorf (Western Styrian Basin, Austria). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie A 99: 99 - 137." type="journal article" year="1998">de Bruijn, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, within the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEAB858AC6AFCC71531" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[785,873,1547,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB858AC6AFCC71531" box="[785,873,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Neopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEAB83FAC6AFC601531" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[886,974,1547,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB83FAC6AFC601531" box="[886,974,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Neopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEABF10AC6BFB141531" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[1113,1210,1546,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEABF10AC6BFB141531" box="[1113,1210,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in having extremely low tooth-crowns and almost no sculptured enamel on unworn teeth; the lower teeth differ considerably by their rhomboid outline and by the presence of pronounced entoconids and mesostylids separated by a wide notch (Daxner-Höck 2004). Direct examination of material belonging to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBBC6AB79FF1D1247" authority="(Bouwens & de Bruijn, 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Bouwens & de Bruijn" baseAuthorityYear="1986" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macedoniensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBBC6AB79FE2E1224" box="[143,384,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Neopetes macedoniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBAC6AB76FF051247" author="BOUWENS P. & DE BRUIJN H." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="113 - 123" refId="ref29586" refString="BOUWENS P. & DE BRUIJN H. 1986. - The flying Squirrels Hylopetes and Petinomys and their fossil record. Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen B 89: 113 - 123." type="journal article" year="1986">Bouwens & de Bruijn, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the latest Miocene of Maramena revealed that this species differs from the material of MCC also in the presence of better developed anterolophulids, commonly present anteroconulids and anterosinusids and more distinct labial cuspids in the lower molars. A very well-defined mesostylid is also present in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBA79AB97FF1A113A" authority="(de Bruijn, 1998)" baseAuthorityName="de Bruijn" baseAuthorityYear="1998" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoeckarum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBA79AB97FDAD111A" box="[304,515,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Neopetes hoeckarum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB95DAB94FF02113A" author="DE BRUIJN H." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="99 - 137" refId="ref30780" refString="DE BRUIJN H. 1998. - Vertebrates from the early Miocene lignite deposits of the opencast mine Oberdorf (Western Styrian Basin, Austria). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie A 99: 99 - 137." type="journal article" year="1998">de Bruijn, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Lower and Middle Miocene of Central Europe (see Daxner-Höck 2004). Therefore, the studied molars cannot be assigned to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB979A834FD26117B" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[560,648,597,622]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB979A834FD26117B" box="[560,648,597,622]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Neopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
especially because of the absence of mesostylid and anterosinusid and the presence of less distinct tubercles.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="AEA5661BFF83FFEABB38AF27FE041693" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538581" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4538581" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538581/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" startId="34.[113,124,1350,1368]" targetBox="[113,1157,267,1311]" targetPageId="34">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FA653693FF83FFEABB38AF27FE041693" blockId="34.[113,1209,1350,1414]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 8. — Isolated teeth of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEABA0FAF27FDA8164D" authority="Fischer, 1817" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1817" box="[326,518,1350,1368]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sciuridae Fischer,1817</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Moncucco Torinese:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB996AF27FD42164D" bold="true" box="[735,748,1350,1368]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB9BCAF27FCAC164D" bold="true" box="[757,770,1350,1368]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEAB842AF27FBCD164D" authority="(Deperet, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[779,1123,1350,1368]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB842AF27FC70164D" box="[779,990,1350,1368]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Pliopetaurista pliocaenica</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Depéret,1897)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEABF20AF27FBD8164D" bold="true" box="[1129,1142,1350,1368]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, MGPT- PU 128220,M3 dex.;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEABA6DAF3CFE9F167A" bold="true" box="[292,305,1373,1391]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, MGPT-PU 128221,m1 dex.;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB961AF3CFD98167A" bold="true" box="[552,566,1373,1391]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">C</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB976AF3CFDE3167A" bold="true" box="[575,589,1373,1391]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">D</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF83FFEAB91EAF3CFCF2167A" authority="Sulimski, 1964" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[599,860,1373,1391]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB91EAF3CFD72167A" box="[599,732,1373,1391]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">Sciurus warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF83FFEAB9A9AF3CFCF2167A" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[736,860,1373,1391]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEAB82AAF3CFCDF167A" bold="true" box="[867,881,1373,1391]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">C</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, MGPT-PU 128347, M3 dex.;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF83FFEABF21AF3CFBD8167A" bold="true" box="[1128,1142,1373,1391]" pageId="34" pageNumber="455">D</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, MGPT- PU 128218, m1 sin. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FA653693FF82FFEBBBC1A8B2FEE317DD" blockId="35.[111,649,216,1700]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">
|
|||
|
|
The morphology of the studied lower molars is remarkably similar to that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBA95A892FEB11038" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBA95A892FD281019" box="[476,646,754,781]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Linnaeus, 1758
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="25618831FF82FFEBBA62A972FEF71038" box="[299,345,787,813]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
species of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB974A973FEB51058" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB974A973FD261039" box="[573,648,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Linnaeus, 1758
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, with a well-developed metaconid and a distinct entoconid. Moreover, the lower teeth of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBBD8A910FEAC109E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[145,258,881,908]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBBD8A910FF30109E" box="[145,158,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">S</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBBE6A910FEAC109E" box="[175,258,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
do not display strongly developed anterolophulids and they lack anterosinusids and anteroconulids. In addition, the m1 and m2 of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBB3AA9B0FF4D10FF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[115,227,976,1003]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBB3AA9B0FF4D10FF" box="[115,227,976,1003]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">S. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
display a more quadrangular outline. The M3 from MCC is also very similar to that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBBD9AE71FE9A173C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[144,308,1039,1066]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBBD9AE71FE9A173C" box="[144,308,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in certain dental structures, including the large protocone, high paracone, very narrow basin between anteroloph and protoloph, and presence of a notch on the rim just behind the paracone.We therefore assign the studied specimen to the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBBB2AECFFEE817DD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[251,326,1198,1224]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBBB2AECFFEE817DD" box="[251,326,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FA653693FF82FFEBBBC1AEACFBFF1284" blockId="35.[111,649,216,1700]" lastBlockId="35.[675,1212,216,1700]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">
|
|||
|
|
The size of the teeth from MCC agrees very well with that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBA79AE8FFD281612" authority="Sulimski, 1964" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[304,646,1261,1288]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBA79AE8FFE761612" box="[304,472,1261,1288]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBAA8AE8CFD281612" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[481,646,1261,1287]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Podlesice (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBA6CAF6CFD9B1632" author="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K." box="[293,565,1293,1319]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="461 - 486" refId="ref29430" refString="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K. 1974. - The Pliocene and Pleistocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensa 19: 461 - 486." type="journal article" year="1974">Black & Kowalski 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), being slightly smaller than those from younger localities as Węże 1 (
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="25618831FF82FFEBBBAAAF2DFEBC1673" box="[227,274,1356,1382]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBA27AF2DFDA41672" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[366,522,1356,1383]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Zamkowa Dolna (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBB8AAF0DFE621693" author="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K." box="[195,460,1388,1414]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="461 - 486" refId="ref29430" refString="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K. 1974. - The Pliocene and Pleistocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensa 19: 461 - 486." type="journal article" year="1974">Black & Kowalski 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Monte la Mesa (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBB30AFEDFECA16B3" author="MARCHETTI M. & PAROLIN K. & SALA B." box="[121,356,1420,1446]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="79 - 105" refId="ref32698" refString="MARCHETTI M., PAROLIN K. & SALA B. 2000. - The Biharian fauna from Monte La Mesa. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 43: 79 - 105." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
|||
|
|
Marchetti
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBBA4AFEDFE8F16B3" box="[237,289,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2000
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Wölfersheim (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB959AFEDFF0216D0" author="DAHLMANN T." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref30368" refString="DAHLMANN T. 2001. - Die Kleinsauger der unterpliozanen Fundstelle Wolfersheim in der Wetterau (Mammalia: Lipotyphla, Chiroptera, Rodentia). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 227: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="2001">Dahlmann 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and Castagnone (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBA36AFCAFDE416D0" author="SIORI M. S. & SALA B." box="[383,586,1451,1477]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="207 - 217" refId="ref34855" refString="SIORI M. S. & SALA B. 2007. - The mammal fauna from the late early Biharian site of Castagnone (Northern Monferrato, Piedmont, NW Italy). Geobios 40: 207 - 217." type="journal article" year="2007">Siori & Sala 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The material from MCC was compared with some teeth of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBBC5AF8AFF541510" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[140,250,1515,1541]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBBC5AF8AFF541510" box="[140,250,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Monte La Mesa where unfortunately no M3 was found; the morphology of the m1 from the two localities is strikingly similar, especially in the well-developed metaconid, in the poorly developed mesostylid and in the isolation of the low mesoconid. According to the original description of the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="25618831FF82FFEBB838AAB9FC3113E7" box="[881,927,216,242]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
assemblage from Węże 1,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB9EFAA99FCB71204" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[678,793,247,274]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB9EFAA99FCB71204" box="[678,793,247,274]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
does not exhibit a mesostylid or it is very weak. The material from MCC is therefore assigned to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB860AB56FC341244" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[809,922,311,337]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB860AB56FC341244" box="[809,922,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
because of its remarkable similarity to the specimens from the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="25618831FF82FFEBBF7EAB36FBCB1264" box="[1079,1125,343,369]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality and from the other localities of Europe.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FA653693FF82FFECB9F2ABF7FE36115A" blockId="35.[675,1212,216,1700]" lastBlockId="36.[111,648,216,1699]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">
|
|||
|
|
The material of MCC was compared with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBF36ABF7FD7312FA" authority="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer, 2011" authorityName="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magistri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBF36ABF7FC9E12DA" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Hylopetes magistri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB870ABD7FD7312FA" author="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="928 - 928" refId="ref35402" refString="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F. 2011. - Hylopetes magistri, new name for Hylopetes debruijni Reumer & Van Den Hoek Ostende, 2003, preoccupied. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31: 928 - 928." type="journal article" year="2011">van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the Pleistocene of Tegelen (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBF0DABB4FC4A111A" author="REUMER J. W. F. & VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. W." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="455 - 468" refId="ref34218" refString="REUMER J. W. F. & VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. W. 2003. - Petauristidae and Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Tegelen, Zuurland, and the Maasvlakte (the Netherlands). Deinsea 10: 455 - 468." type="journal article" year="2003">Reumer & van den Hoek Ostende 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB8B9AB94FC39113A" author="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="928 - 928" refId="ref35402" refString="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F. 2011. - Hylopetes magistri, new name for Hylopetes debruijni Reumer & Van Den Hoek Ostende, 2003, preoccupied. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31: 928 - 928." type="journal article" year="2011">van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). This species was originally identified as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB86EA855FC20117B" authority="Reumer & van den Hoek Ostende, 2003" authorityName="Reumer & van den Hoek Ostende" authorityYear="2003" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="debruijni">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB86EA855FC44115B" box="[807,1002,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Hylopetes debruijni</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB8B9A854FC20117B" author="REUMER J. W. F. & VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. W." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="455 - 468" refId="ref34218" refString="REUMER J. W. F. & VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. W. 2003. - Petauristidae and Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Tegelen, Zuurland, and the Maasvlakte (the Netherlands). Deinsea 10: 455 - 468." type="journal article" year="2003">Reumer & van den Hoek Ostende, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
name already preoccupied by a different species,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB8DDA815FCFD11B8" authority="Mein & Ginsburg, 2002" authorityName="Mein & Ginsburg" authorityYear="2002" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="debruijni">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB8DDA815FBF3119B" box="[916,1117,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Hylopetes debruijni</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBBF2AA815FCFD11B8" author="MEIN P. & GINSBURG L." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="7 - 47" refId="ref33141" refString="MEIN P. & GINSBURG L. 2002. - Sur l'age relatif des differents depots karstiques miocenes de La Grive- Saint-Alban (Isere). Cahiers scientifiques du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Lyon 2: 7 - 47." type="journal article" year="2002">Mein & Ginsburg, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and for this reason subsequently modified to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB878A8D5FC0311D8" authorityName="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer" authorityYear="2011" box="[817,941,692,717]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magistri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB878A8D5FC0311D8" box="[817,941,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">H. magistri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB8A1A8D5FC0811F8" author="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F." pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="928 - 928" refId="ref35402" refString="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F. 2011. - Hylopetes magistri, new name for Hylopetes debruijni Reumer & Van Den Hoek Ostende, 2003, preoccupied. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31: 928 - 928." type="journal article" year="2011">van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
for further details). The specimens from MCC differ from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBBF6DA892FB331019" authorityName="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer" authorityYear="2011" box="[1060,1181,755,780]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magistri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBF6DA892FB331019" box="[1060,1181,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">H. magistri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in having a slightly smaller size and in the absence of enamel crenulation that barely affects two teeth from Tegelen. The overall morphological pattern of the lower molars is very similar since m1 and m2 display a well-developed entoconid, small and isolated mesoconid, absence of anterosinusid and anteroconulids, well-developed metaconid, absence or strong reduction of mesostylid in the lower molars. Moreover, the specimens of M3 from Tegelen are also very similar to those from MCC since they show a high paracone and a low and rather continuous rim from which a large protocone arises. In our opinion, the absence of well developed anterosinusids, anteroconulids and mesostylids as well as the occurrence of poorly isolated cuspids in the material from Tegelen do not support their assignment to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB80CAF6CFC081632" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[837,934,1293,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB80CAF6CFC081632" box="[837,934,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
or
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB887AF6FFB881632" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[974,1062,1294,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB887AF6FFB881632" box="[974,1062,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Neopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. In addition, feeble crenulations as those affecting two teeth (upon
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="ECDCFD1AFF82FFEBB9A5AF2DFCD41672" box="[748,890,1356,1383]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
) from the collection of Tegelen represent a weak diagnostic character for ascribing this material to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB81BAFEDFC1D16B3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1908" box="[850,947,1420,1446]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB81BAFEDFC1D16B3" box="[850,947,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Hylopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
or
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB893AFEDFB9C16B0" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[986,1074,1420,1445]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Neopetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB893AFEDFB9C16B0" box="[986,1074,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Neopetes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. In fact, the presence of crenulations and ornamented enamel is not an exclusive feature of flying squirrels, but it can occur also in many genera of ground and tree squirrels (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB875AC6BFB9A1530" author="THORINGTON R. W. & JR & SCHENNUM C. E. & LINDSAY A. & PAPPAS L. A. & PITASSY D." box="[828,1076,1546,1573]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="950 - 961" refId="ref35104" refString="THORINGTON R. W. JR., SCHENNUM C. E., LINDSAY A., PAPPAS L. A. & PITASSY D. 2005. - The difficulties of identifying flying squirrels (Sciuridae: Pteromyini) in the fossil record. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25: 950 - 961." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
Thorington
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB889AC6AFC5C1531" box="[960,1010,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2005
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The overall morphology of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB804AC4AFC6B1551" authorityName="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer" authorityYear="2011" box="[845,965,1579,1604]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magistri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB804AC4AFC6B1551" box="[845,965,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">H. magistri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
fits better with that of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB85AAC2BFBBD1570" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[787,1043,1610,1637]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB85AAC2BFCF01571" box="[787,862,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Linnaeus, 1758
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Moreover, pitted enamel can be observed in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB8BCAC0BFB141596" authorityName="Humboldt" authorityYear="1811" box="[1013,1210,1642,1668]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granatensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB8BCAC0BFB141596" box="[1013,1210,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus granatensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF82FFEBB99AACE8FB1415B1" authority="(Thorington et al. 2005: 954)" baseAuthorityName="Thorington" baseAuthorityPageNumber="954" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[723,1210,1673,1700]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBB99AACE8FCD815B6" box="[723,886,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">Sciurus vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF82FFEBB8CDACE8FB1F15B1" author="THORINGTON R. W. & JR & SCHENNUM C. E. & LINDSAY A. & PAPPAS L. A. & PITASSY D." box="[900,1201,1673,1700]" pageId="35" pageNumber="456" pagination="950 - 961" refId="ref35104" refString="THORINGTON R. W. JR., SCHENNUM C. E., LINDSAY A., PAPPAS L. A. & PITASSY D. 2005. - The difficulties of identifying flying squirrels (Sciuridae: Pteromyini) in the fossil record. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25: 950 - 961." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
Thorington
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF82FFEBBF41ACEBFB9515B6" box="[1032,1083,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="456">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2005: 954
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
thus suggesting that moderate enamel ornamentation could also rarely affect the teeth of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB97DAA99FDD11207" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[564,639,248,274]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB97DAA99FDD11207" box="[564,639,248,274]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Therefore, we tentatively assign
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBA80AB79FDEE1224" authorityName="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer" authorityYear="2011" box="[457,576,280,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Hylopetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magistri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA80AB79FE701224" box="[457,478,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">H</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBAA5AB79FDEE1224" box="[492,576,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">magistri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
to the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBBF1AB56FEAD1244" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[184,259,311,337]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBBF1AB56FEAD1244" box="[184,259,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The new combination is therefore
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBB3AAB36FF1F1285" authority="(van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer, 2011)" baseAuthorityName="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magistri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBB3AAB36FEBD1265" box="[115,275,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus magistri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBA56AB36FF061285" author="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F." pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="928 - 928" refId="ref35402" refString="VAN DEN HOEK OSTENDE L. & REUMER J. W. F. 2011. - Hylopetes magistri, new name for Hylopetes debruijni Reumer & Van Den Hoek Ostende, 2003, preoccupied. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31: 928 - 928." type="journal article" year="2011">van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The size and the morphological pattern of the teeth are very similar to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBAE0ABF7FDB412A5" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[425,538,406,432]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBAE0ABF7FDB412A5" box="[425,538,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
thus suggesting that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBBBDABD7FECC12DA" baseAuthorityName="van den Hoek Ostende & Reumer" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[244,354,438,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magistri">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBBBDABD7FECC12DA" box="[244,354,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. magistri</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
may be considered a junior synonym of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBBBFABB7FECB12FA" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[246,357,469,496]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBBBFABB7FECB12FA" box="[246,357,469,496]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Nonetheless, the presence of the slight enamel ornamentations, up to date unknown in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBA4BA874FEDD113A" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[258,371,533,559]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA4BA874FEDD113A" box="[258,371,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, prevents us to definitely synonymize these two taxa.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECBBC1A835FE2015B6" blockId="36.[111,648,216,1699]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
|
|||
|
|
The record of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBA68A835FE3E117B" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[289,400,596,622]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA68A835FE3E117B" box="[289,400,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from MCC represents the oldest report of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBAF7A815FDA7119B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[446,521,628,654]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBAF7A815FDA7119B" box="[446,521,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in Europe.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBB38A8F5FF4F11B8" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[113,225,659,686]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBB38A8F5FF4F11B8" box="[113,225,659,686]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was previously known from the slightly younger fissure fillings of Podlesice (MN14) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBB33A8B2FE2D11F8" author="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K." box="[122,387,723,749]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="461 - 486" refId="ref29430" refString="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K. 1974. - The Pliocene and Pleistocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensa 19: 461 - 486." type="journal article" year="1974">Black & Kowalski 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). To date
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBAA7A8B2FDF011F8" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[494,606,723,749]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBAA7A8B2FDF011F8" box="[494,606,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has been reported from some Pliocene and Pleistocene localities of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF85FFECBBA4A973FE961039" box="[237,312,786,812]" name="Poland" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBA0DA973FE4D1039" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[324,483,786,812]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBAA5A973FF4C1059" author="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K." pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="461 - 486" refId="ref29430" refString="BLACK C. C. & KOWALSKI K. 1974. - The Pliocene and Pleistocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensa 19: 461 - 486." type="journal article" year="1974">Black & Kowalski 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF85FFECBBBDA953FEF41059" box="[244,346,818,844]" name="Germany" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBA2FA953FDB21059" author="DAHLMANN T." box="[358,540,818,844]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref30368" refString="DAHLMANN T. 2001. - Die Kleinsauger der unterpliozanen Fundstelle Wolfersheim in der Wetterau (Mammalia: Lipotyphla, Chiroptera, Rodentia). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 227: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="2001">Dahlmann 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF85FFECB91FA953FD281059" box="[598,646,818,844]" name="Italy" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBB3EA930FEC21079" author="MARCHETTI M. & PAROLIN K. & SALA B." box="[119,364,849,876]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="79 - 105" refId="ref32698" refString="MARCHETTI M., PAROLIN K. & SALA B. 2000. - The Biharian fauna from Monte La Mesa. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 43: 79 - 105." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
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|
|
Marchetti
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBBB9A933FE89107E" box="[240,295,849,875]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
|
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|
|
2000
|
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|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
;
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBA30A930FDE91079" author="SIORI M. S. & SALA B." box="[377,583,849,876]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="207 - 217" refId="ref34855" refString="SIORI M. S. & SALA B. 2007. - The mammal fauna from the late early Biharian site of Castagnone (Northern Monferrato, Piedmont, NW Italy). Geobios 40: 207 - 217." type="journal article" year="2007">Siori & Sala 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
). The few known specimens of this poorly documented taxon do not allow tracing its relationships within the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBBA8A9D0FE8210DE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[225,300,945,971]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBBA8A9D0FE8210DE" box="[225,300,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
whose paleontological record is very scarce before the Pliocene (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBA8AA9B1FDD410FE" author="EMRY R. J. & KORTH W. W. & BELL M. A." box="[451,634,976,1003]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="228 - 235" refId="ref31186" refString="EMRY R. J., KORTH W. W. & BELL M. A. 2005. - A tree squirrel (Rodentia, Sciuridae, Sciurini) from the Late Miocene (Clarendonian) of Nevada. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25: 228 - 235." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
Emry
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB94EA9B0FD9710FF" box="[519,569,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2005
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBB38A991FF12171F" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[113,188,1008,1034]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBB38A991FF12171F" box="[113,188,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. from the latest Miocene of Ertemte 2 (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBB30AE6EFF4B173F" author="QIU Z. D." box="[121,229,1039,1066]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="223 - 255" refId="ref34018" refString="QIU Z. D. 1991. - The Neogene mammalian faunas of Ertemte and Harr Obo in Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol), China. 8. Sciuridae (Rodentia). Senckenbergiana Lethaea 71: 223 - 255." type="journal article" year="1991">Qiu 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBA3EAE71FDB2173C" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[375,540,1039,1066]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA3EAE71FDB2173C" box="[375,540,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in having a slightly better developed mesostylid, mesostyle in P4 absent and a weaker parastyle in the M1-2. The strong morphological affinities existing between
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBB3AAEEEFF4D17BD" authorityName="Sulimski" authorityYear="1964" box="[115,227,1166,1193]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="warthae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBB3AAEEEFF4D17BD" box="[115,227,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. warthae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBA50AEEEFE2B17BD" box="[281,389,1166,1193]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA50AEEEFE2B17BD" box="[281,389,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
seem to indicate a close phylogenetic relationship between these two species. The earliest record of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBAD1AEAFFDAB17F2" box="[408,517,1229,1256]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBAD1AEAFFDAB17F2" box="[408,517,1229,1256]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">S. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is probably that from the Middle Pleistocene of Hórvölgy Cave,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF85FFECBBFFAF6CFEB81632" box="[182,278,1293,1319]" name="Hungary" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBA6BAF6CFE63163D" author="LURZ P. W. W. & GURNELL J. & MAGRIS L." box="[290,461,1293,1320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref32622" refString="LURZ P. W. W., GURNELL J. & MAGRIS L. 2005. - Sciurus vulgaris. Mammalian Species 769: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
Lurz
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA12AF6FFE231632" box="[347,397,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2005
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The first reliable records of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBA10AF4CFE0B1652" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[345,421,1325,1351]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA10AF4CFE0B1652" box="[345,421,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are those of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB973AF4CFEF21672" authority="Qiu & Yan, 2005" authorityName="Qiu & Yan" authorityYear="2005" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB973AF4CFF261673" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus lii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBBDBAF2DFEF21672" author="QIU Z. - D. & YAN C. - L." box="[146,348,1356,1383]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="194 - 207" refId="ref34105" refString="QIU Z. - D. & YAN C. - L. 2005. - New sciurids from the Miocene Shanwang Formation, Linqu, Shandong. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 43: 194 - 207." type="journal article" year="2005">Qiu & Yan, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the Early to Middle Miocene locality of Shanwang (
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF85FFECBA90AF0DFD8F1692" box="[473,545,1388,1415]" name="China" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">China</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECB973AF0DFF7316B3" author="QIU Z. - D. & YAN C. - L." pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="194 - 207" refId="ref34105" refString="QIU Z. - D. & YAN C. - L. 2005. - New sciurids from the Miocene Shanwang Formation, Linqu, Shandong. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 43: 194 - 207." type="journal article" year="2005">Qiu & Yan 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBA55AFEDFF0316D3" authority="Emry, Kort & Bell, 2005" authorityName="Emry, Kort & Bell" authorityYear="2005" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olsoni">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA55AFEDFE0416B3" box="[284,426,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus olsoni</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Emry, Kort & Bell, 2005
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the Clarendonian (early-Late Miocene) of Nevada (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBA65AFAAFE4B16F3" author="EMRY R. J. & KORTH W. W. & BELL M. A." box="[300,485,1483,1510]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="228 - 235" refId="ref31186" refString="EMRY R. J., KORTH W. W. & BELL M. A. 2005. - A tree squirrel (Rodentia, Sciuridae, Sciurini) from the Late Miocene (Clarendonian) of Nevada. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25: 228 - 235." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
Emry
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBA39AFADFE0D16F0" box="[368,419,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2005
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).?
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB949AFAAFDE516F0" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[512,587,1483,1509]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB949AFAAFDE516F0" box="[512,587,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. is reported in the Late Miocene of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF85FFECBA9BAF8AFD831510" box="[466,557,1515,1541]" name="Turkey" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECB972AF8AFF4D1531" author="BOSMA A. A. & DE BRUIJN H. & WESSELS W." pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="924 - 942" refId="ref29495" refString="BOSMA A. A., DE BRUIJN H. & WESSELS W. 2013. - Late Miocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology 33: 924 - 942." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|||
|
|
Bosma
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBB38AC6AFF0A1531" box="[113,164,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2013
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) thus suggesting that the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB972AC6AFD281530" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[571,646,1547,1573]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB972AC6AFD281530" box="[571,646,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was already present in western Asia before the end of the Miocene. The record of MCC testifies that
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECBB38AC0BFF121591" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[113,188,1642,1668]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBB38AC0BFF121591" box="[113,188,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
entered Europe at least slightly before the beginning of the Pliocene.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|