treatments-xml/data/7D/CD/14/7DCD14C09B835487BC3DF2C9A6ACDCD1.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.51139" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35bf86bb-10d1-4595-a0c9-80dc1437b6ee" ID-PMC="PMC7165190" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-145-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="03D4E388AEA153C7B33D25464476D52A" ID-PubMed="32327926" ModsDocID="1314-2003-145-57" checkinTime="1586625099783" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hoch, Peter C. &amp; Gandhi, Kanchi" docDate="2020" docId="7DCD14C09B835487BC3DF2C9A6ACDCD1" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 145: 57-62" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 145" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.51139" docTitle="Epilobium (sect. Pachydium) glandulosa subsp. sect. Hoch &amp; Gandhi, 2020, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="03D4E388AEA153C7B33D25464476D52A" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="03D4E388AEA153C7B33D25464476D52A" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural changes in Onagraceae" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1668139761088" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Nomenclatural changes in Onagraceae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hoch, Peter C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110 - 2291, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0754-0731</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">phoch@mobot.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gandhi, Kanchi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>145</mods:number>
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<mods:start>57</mods:start>
<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.51139</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.145.51139</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163551255" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DCD14C09B835487BC3DF2C9A6ACDCD1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7DCD14C09B835487BC3DF2C9A6ACDCD1" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName LSID="7DCD14C0-9B83-5487-BC3D-F2C9A6ACDCD1" authorityName="Hoch &amp; Gandhi" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Hoch &amp; Gandhi" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Epilobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epilobium subsp. sect." order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Pachydium" status="comb. nov.">Epilobium Linnaeus sect. Pachydium (Fischer &amp; C.A. Meyer) Hoch &amp; K. Gandhi</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="57">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="basionym">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Basionym.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oenothera subsp. sect." order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Pachydium">Oenothera sect. Pachydium</taxonomicName>
Fischer &amp; C.A. Meyer, Ind. sem. hort. petrop. 2: 45. 1836 [
<normalizedToken originalValue="“1835”">&quot;1835&quot;</normalizedToken>
]. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Boisduvalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Boisduvalia" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Boisduvalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[unranked] 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Pachydium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachydium" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Pachydium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fischer &amp; C.A. Meyer) Endlicher, Gen. pl. 1191. 1840. 
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. (Pachydium) subsp. subg." pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pachydium">B. subg. Pachydium</taxonomicName>
(Fischer &amp; C.A. Meyer) Reichenbach, Deut. Bot. Herb.-Buch. 170. 1841; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Boisduvalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Boisduvalia subsp. sect." order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Pachydium">Boisduvalia sect. Pachydium</taxonomicName>
(Fischer &amp; C.A. Meyer) Munz, N. Amer. Flora 5, II: 228.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oenothera densiflora" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Oenothera densiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lindley [= 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Epilobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epilobium densiflorum" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Epilobium densiflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lindley) Hoch &amp; P.H. Raven].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
The distinctive, circumboreal/ circumpolar group commonly known as fireweeds has been treated either as a section of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Epilobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epilobium" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Epilobium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Haussknecht, C" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B4" refString="Haussknecht, C, 1884. Monographie der Gattung Epilobium. Gustav Fischer, Jena." title="Monographie der Gattung Epilobium. Gustav Fischer, Jena." year="1884">Haussknecht 1884</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395311" author="Raven, PH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="326 - 340" refId="B14" refString="Raven, PH, 1976. Generic and sectional delimitation in Onagraceae, tribe Epilobieae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 63 (2): 326 - 340, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2395311" title="Generic and sectional delimitation in Onagraceae, tribe Epilobieae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395311" volume="63" year="1976">Raven 1976</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/25027806" author="Chen, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 209" refId="B2" refString="Chen, CJ, Hoch, PC, Raven, PH, 1992. Systematics of Epilobium (Onagraceae) in China. Systematic Botany Monographs 34: 1 - 209, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/25027806" title="Systematics of Epilobium (Onagraceae) in China." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/25027806" volume="34" year="1992">Chen et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
) or as the separate genus 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamaenerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaenerion" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chamaenerion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguier">Seguier</normalizedToken>
. Although the two groups share the distinctive comose seeds, several floral features, and a base chromosome number of 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">x</emphasis>
= 18, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamaenerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaenerion" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chamaenerion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Epilobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epilobium" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Epilobium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having leaves nearly always spirally arranged, rarely subopposite or verticillate near stem base (vs. opposite at least on proximal stem); lack of a floral tube (vs. more or less distinct floral tube); flowers slightly zygomorphic with subequal stamens that are erect, then deflexed, and styles that are deflexed, then erect (vs. actinomorphic with erect stamens in two series and erect styles); petals entire (vs. emarginate); and pollen shed in monads (vs. tetrads) (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 240" refId="B16" refString="Wagner, WL, Hoch, PC, Raven, PH, 2007. Revised classification of the Onagraceae. Systematic Botany Monographs 83: 1 - 240" title="Revised classification of the Onagraceae." volume="83" year="2007">Wagner et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Recent molecular analyses (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2419763" author="Baum, DA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="363 - 388" refId="B1" refString="Baum, DA, Sytsma, KJ, Hoch, PC, 1994. The phylogeny of Epilobium (Onagraceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 19 (3): 363 - 388, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2419763" title="The phylogeny of Epilobium (Onagraceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2419763" volume="19" year="1994">Baum et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404772974293" author="Levin, RA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="147 - 164" refId="B8" refString="Levin, RA, Wagner, WL, Hoch, PC, Hahn, WJ, Rodriguez, A, Baum, DA, Katinas, L, Zimmer, EA, Sytsma, KJ, 2004. Paraphyly in Tribe Onagreae: Insights into phylogenetic relationships of Onagraceae based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data. Systematic Botany 29 (1): 147 - 164, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404772974293" title="Paraphyly in Tribe Onagreae: Insights into phylogenetic relationships of Onagraceae based on nuclear and chloroplast sequence data." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364404772974293" volume="29" year="2004">Levin et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
) also demonstrated that the fireweeds form a strongly supported clade sister to the rest of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Epilobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epilobium" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Epilobium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 240" refId="B16" refString="Wagner, WL, Hoch, PC, Raven, PH, 2007. Revised classification of the Onagraceae. Systematic Botany Monographs 83: 1 - 240" title="Revised classification of the Onagraceae." volume="83" year="2007">Wagner et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02856384" author="Holub, J" journalOrPublisher="Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="81 - 90" refId="B6" refString="Holub, J, 1972. Taxonomic and nomenclatural remarks on Chamaenerion auct. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 7 (1): 81 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02856384" title="Taxonomic and nomenclatural remarks on Chamaenerion auct." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02856384" volume="7" year="1972">Holub (1972)</bibRefCitation>
argued that the correct name for the fireweeds at the generic level should be 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamerion" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chamerion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Raf.) Raf. ex Holub, not 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamaenerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaenerion" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chamaenerion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which he argued was illegitimate. However, as noted in personal correspondence between KG and Ulf Eliasson in 2009, and summarized by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.605028" author="Sennikov, AN" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="1485 - 1488" refId="B15" refString="Sennikov, AN, 2011. Chamerion or Chamaenerion (Onagraceae)? The old story in new words. Taxon 60 (5): 1485 - 1488, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.605028" title="Chamerion or Chamaenerion (Onagraceae)? The old story in new words." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.605028" volume="60" year="2011">Sennikov (2011)</bibRefCitation>
, clarifications in the botanical code and in the lectotypification of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamaenerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaenerion" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chamaenerion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Epilobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epilobium" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Epilobium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
negate 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Holub’s">Holub's</normalizedToken>
analysis, and Sennikov concluded that the correct and valid name for the fireweeds at the generic level is 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamaenerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaenerion" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chamaenerion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguier">Seguier</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
All but one of the eight species recognized in this genus have been treated at some point as species in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamaenerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaenerion" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chamaenerion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the only exception being a species described in 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Epilobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epilobium" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Epilobium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that is endemic to the Himalayan region from Kashmir to Nepal and Xizang (Tibet), China (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/25027806" author="Chen, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 209" refId="B2" refString="Chen, CJ, Hoch, PC, Raven, PH, 1992. Systematics of Epilobium (Onagraceae) in China. Systematic Botany Monographs 34: 1 - 209, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/25027806" title="Systematics of Epilobium (Onagraceae) in China." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/25027806" volume="34" year="1992">Chen et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
), for which the following new combination is provided:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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