treatments-xml/data/42/C6/C5/42C6C52AA6C2C5B7A64D5609B89993D8.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie &amp; Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="42C6C52AA6C2C5B7A64D5609B89993D8" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes pringlei (B. L. Rob. &amp; Greenm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 421. 1919" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668140149145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-0027</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eadean@ucdavis.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>26776 US Hwy 14, Richland Center, WI 53581, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number>168</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596545" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:42C6C52AA6C2C5B7A64D5609B89993D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/42C6C52AA6C2C5B7A64D5609B89993D8" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
36 
<taxonomicName authority="(B. L. Rob. &amp; Greenm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 421. 1919" authorityName="(B. L. Rob. &amp; Greenm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 421." authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes pringlei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pringlei">Lycianthes pringlei (B.L.Rob. &amp; Greenm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 421. 1919</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 82" captionStartId="F82" captionText="Figure 82. Image of herbarium specimen of L. pringlei, Dean 327 (DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure82" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480095" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pringlei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pringlei">Solanum pringlei</taxonomicName>
B.L.Rob. &amp; Greenm., Amer. J. Sci. ser. 3, 50: 160. 1895. Type: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
. Jalisco: mountain 
<normalizedToken originalValue="cañons">canons</normalizedToken>
near Guadalajara [isotypes say Sierras near L. Chapala], 18 Nov 1892, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. Pringle 5343</emphasis>
(holotype: GH [00077531]; isotypes: MEXU [MEXU00028862, MEXU00029069], US [00027755], VT [UVMVT026445]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Based on 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum pringlei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pringlei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum pringlei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.L.Rob. &amp; Greenm.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure82" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480095" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 82" startId="F82">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 82.</emphasis>
Image of herbarium specimen of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. pringlei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pringlei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. pringlei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dean 327</emphasis>
(DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Shrub, to 2 m tall. Indument of grey, uniseriate, multicellular, simple, glandular and eglandular, spreading trichomes (0.25) 0.5-1.5 (2.5), often glabrate with age. Stems pale green-brown and herbaceous when young, moderately pubescent, not much compressed when dried in a plant press, becoming brown and woody with age, often glabrate; upper sympodial branching points dichasial and monochasial. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually paired and unequal in size, the larger ones with blades (6) 8-14 (18.5) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-9 cm, the smaller ones with blades 3-10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.9-5.6 cm, the leaf pairs similar in shape, the blades widely ovate, elliptic, or obovate, chartaceous, moderately pubescent, the base truncate to short-attenuate, sometimes oblique, the margin entire, usually irregularly undulate, the apex acute to acuminate, the petiole (0.2) 1-4 (5) cm long, the larger leaf blades with 4-6 (7) primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers solitary or in groups of 2-3, axillary, oriented horizontally; peduncles absent; pedicels (5) 20-35 (45) mm long and erect to arching in flower, 12-35 mm long and erect to arching in fruit, moderately pubescent; calyx 3-7.5 mm long, 3-7.5 (11) mm in diameter, urceolate to campanulate, mostly glabrous except for spreading trichomes at the base near the juncture with the pedicel, the margin undulate, sometimes torn and the calyx appearing lobed, with 10 small triangular appendages 0.25-1.5 mm emerging 1-2 mm below calyx rim, these often reduced to oval protuberances 0.25-1 mm in diameter; fruiting calyx enlarged, widely bowl-shaped, 3-4 mm long, 7-12 mm in diameter, the appendages not enlarging, darkening in color; corolla 0.7-2 cm long (1.4-2.5 cm in diameter), slightly campanulate to rotate in orientation, entire in outline, with abundant interpetalar tissue, adaxially pale lilac to blue-purple with darker purple markings on the lobes, glabrous, abaxially pale lilac to blue-purple, glabrous; stamens unequal, straight, the four short filaments 1-4 mm long, the one long filament 3-7 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 3-3.5 mm long, elliptic, free of one another, yellow, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores ovate, dehiscing distally, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 6-10 mm long, linear, slightly curved, glabrous, the stigma capitate, slightly bilobed. Fruit a berry, 7-20 mm long, 5-12 mm in diameter, ovoid, orange to red at maturity, glabrous, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 90-200 per fruit, 0.8-1.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-1.5 mm, flattened but not flat, rounded on the edges, depressed ovate to round in outline, tan-orange to reddish brown, the surface reticulum pitted with loose serpentine pattern and deep luminae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mexico (Guerrero, Jalisco, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
), in oak, oak-pine, tropical dry forest, and xerophilous scrub, often in moist or seasonally wet habitat, on volcanic soils, 1750-2100 m in elevation (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 83" captionStartId="F83" captionText="Figure 83. Map of geographic distribution of L. pringlei based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480096" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">83</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480096" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 83" startId="F83">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 83.</emphasis>
Map of geographic distribution of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. pringlei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pringlei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. pringlei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on herbarium specimen data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None known.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens with flowers have been collected from June through January; specimens with mature fruits have been collected from August through March. The first author observed in the field that the corollas are open in the morning and closed by afternoon.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes pringlei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pringlei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes pringlei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rarely collected species of western Mexico, represented by 36 collections, none of which is from a protected area. The EOO is 49,603.413 km2, and the AOO is 128 km2. Based on the 
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Endangered (EN).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The calyx of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes pringlei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pringlei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes pringlei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with its undulate margin that may look bilabiate and poorly developed appendages which often appear as elongated dark bumps, is uncommon in the genus. This feature, in combination with the very glandular pubescence and reddish-orange ovoid fruits, differentiate this shrub from all other species of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the flora area (
<bibRefCitation author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="49 - 53" refId="B48" refString="Dean, E, Walden, GK, Thrasher, SL, 2007. Lycianthes pringlei (Solanaceae), a rarely collected shrub of western Mexico. Brittonia 59 (1): 49 - 53" title="Lycianthes pringlei (Solanaceae), a rarely collected shrub of western Mexico." volume="59" year="2007">Dean et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Guerrero</emphasis>
: 4 km al sur de Tetipac, sobre el camino Tetipac-Taxco, [
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.6355" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="17.6355">17.6355</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="99.6487" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-99.6487">-99.6487</geoCoordinate>
], 1820 m, 5 Dec 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
E.M. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez-Salas">Martinez-Salas</normalizedToken>
2863
</emphasis>
(MEXU, NY). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jalisco</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
Natural Protegida Piedras Bola, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.6489" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="20.6489">20.6489</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="104.0435" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-104.0435">-104.0435</geoCoordinate>
, 1947 m, 29 Oct 2011, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.A. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
128
</emphasis>
(IBUG, MEXU). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Nanchititla, [
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.8346" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="18.8346">18.8346</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.4071" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-100.4071">-100.4071</geoCoordinate>
], 27 Nov 1935, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hinton 8750</emphasis>
(CAS, GH, NY). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: La Alberca de Teremendo de los Reyes, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.8064" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="19.8064">19.8064</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="101.4556" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-101.4556">-101.4556</geoCoordinate>
, 2072 m, 15 Oct 2013, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. Contreras L. 93</emphasis>
(MEXU).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>