<documentID-CLB-Dataset="9624"ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.988.56397"ID-GBIF-Dataset="c6f23bf3-df02-4bc9-8a08-cd43f5626b3d"ID-PMC="PMC7666099"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-988-17"ID-Pensoft-UUID="C60DCC1524DC546E899379DE9714CE38"ID-PubMed="33223890"ID-ZooBank="6806D2012ABF4A8CB06CA7A31CDF852D"ModsDocID="1313-2970-988-17"checkinTime="1604753964646"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Pienkowska, Joanna R., Manganelli, Giuseppe, Giusti, Folco, Barbato, Debora, Kosicka, Ewa, Hallgass, Alessandro & Lesicki, Andrzej"docDate="2020"docId="9F28FA85571C556E93943A5E8A6CE89E"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 988: 17-61"docOrigin="ZooKeys 988"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.988.56397"docTitle="Monacha pantanellii"docType="treatment"docVersion="7"id="C60DCC1524DC546E899379DE9714CE38"lastPageNumber="17"masterDocId="C60DCC1524DC546E899379DE9714CE38"masterDocTitle="Redescription of Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879), a species endemic to the central Apennines, Italy (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hygromiidae) by an integrative molecular and morphological approach"masterLastPageNumber="61"masterPageNumber="17"pageNumber="17"updateTime="1732876491503"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:titleid="EDD1481359EF4FFE6154C74380D2F41A">Redescription of Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879), a species endemic to the central Apennines, Italy (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hygromiidae) by an integrative molecular and morphological approach</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="4BA65CC734AC2D53E38DCA6F64C3A002">Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61 - 614 Poznan, Poland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="D006C69508CD029C526BDE2BC9DDB81E">Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Universita di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="7B2AEE38F0A080E2B8F4804780304ACB">Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Universita di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="AA2716A91E6020FD15FF31E4B51B3500">Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Universita di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="14140A0404FC4BFF1ACDA84EE0549AF5">Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61 - 614 Poznan, Poland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="1C56E6B5A3D6CBFFEF6B9246B9A2E1CA">Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Universita di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="8786992393CF9A3E2077A9CB28A363D4">Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61 - 614 Poznan, Poland</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="69A4901E49AE7A4B5B361F22F610DDEA"ID-CoL="7S6MC"LSID="9F28FA85-571C-556E-9394-3A5E8A6CE89E"authority="(De Stefani, 1879)"baseAuthorityName="De Stefani"baseAuthorityYear="1879"class="Gastropoda"family="Hygromiidae"genus="Monacha"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Monacha pantanellii"order="Stylommatophora"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"phylum="Mollusca"rank="species"species="pantanellii">Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitationid="C7E482DEAF7E1AADC310213458FB71E3"captionStart="Figures 5–14"captionStartId="F5"captionText="Figures 5 - 14. Shell variability in Monacha pantanellii from Monte Fionchi, summit [Fio 1] (FGC 8140) (5, 6), Monte Fionchi, Torrecola [Fio 2] (FGC 38944) (7), road to Montenero Sabino [Sab] (FGC 41552) (8 - 10) and Turania [Tur 1] (FGC 42971) (11 - 14)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures5-14"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472719"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">Figures 5-14</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="3182CD16D75C087658B7864E57DFC40A"captionStart="Figures 15–22"captionStartId="F6"captionText="Figures 15 - 22. Shell variability in Monacha pantanellii from Lago del Turano [Tur 2] (FGC 41654) (15 - 17), Via Salaria, Ornaro Alto [Alt] (FGC 41553) (18 - 20) and Vallonina [Val] (FGC 25345) (21, 22)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures15-22"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472720"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 15-22</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="3D157EDD63FDC093D35600ADE933EA07"captionStart="Figures 23–31"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figures 23 - 31. Shell variability in Monacha pantanellii from Via Salaria, Poggio San Lorenzo [Lor] (FGC 41551) (23 - 25), Valle dell'Aniene, Roccagiovine [Ani] (FGC 42974) (26 - 29) and Carsoli [Car] (FGC 41651 (30, 31)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures23-31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472721"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 23-31</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="1598EC185CEB110471DE2DEEB3DBF2D4"captionStart="Figures 37–40"captionStartId="F11"captionText="Figures 37 - 40. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (37), internal structure of distal genitalia (38), transverse sections of medial epiphallus (39) and apical penial papilla (40) of Monacha pantanellii from Monte Fionchi summit [Fio 1] (FGC 8140)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures37-40"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472725"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 37-40</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="E98EB133AF640B0DDF3C4F9768D42802"captionStart="Figures 41–44"captionStartId="F12"captionText="Figures 41 - 44. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (41), internal structure of distal genitalia (42), transverse sections of medial epiphallus (43) and apical penial papilla (44) of Monacha pantanellii from Monte Fionchi, Torrecola [Fio 2] (FGC 38944)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures41-44"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472726"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 41-44</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="E2B8EC302CEB8D1A085FC9F548DC3D97"captionStart="Figures 45–48"captionStartId="F13"captionText="Figures 45 - 48. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (45), internal structure of distal genitalia (46), transverse sections of medial epiphallus (47) and apical penial papilla (48) of Monacha pantanellii from Vallonina [Val] (FGC 25345)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures45-48"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472727"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 45-48</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="5162EBD5B0D3C942041BBA78AD617966"captionStart="Figures 49–52"captionStartId="F14"captionText="Figures 49 - 52. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (49), internal structure of distal genitalia (50), transverse sections of medial epiphallus (51) and apical penial papilla (52) of Monacha pantanellii from Valle dell'Aniene, Roccagiovine [Ani] (FGC 42974)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures49-52"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472728"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 49-52</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="471AACDC7D3D0196EC6B689301D03B0A"captionStart="Figures 53–56"captionStartId="F15"captionText="Figures 53 - 56. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (53), internal structure of distal genitalia (54), transverse sections of medial epiphallus (55) and apical penial papilla (56) of Monacha pantanellii from Carsoli [Car] (FGC 41651)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures53-56"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472729"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 53-56</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="BE07E528C324F5983DBF003F71837420"captionStart="Figures 57–59"captionStartId="F16"captionText="Figures 57 - 59. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (57), internal structure of distal genitalia (58) and transverse section of apical penial papilla (59) of Monacha pantanellii from Lago del Turano [Tur 2] (FGC 41654)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures57-59"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472730"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 57-59</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="33148D58546EC67D6E5CF9A30DDB4E6C"captionStart="Figures 60–63"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figures 60 - 63. Internal structure of distal genitalia of Monacha pantanellii from Valle dell'Aniene, Roccagiovine [Ani] (FGC 42974) (60), Via Salaria, Ornaro Alto [Alt] (FGC 41553) (61), Turania [Tur 1] (FGC 42971) (62) and road to Montenero Sabino [Sab] (FGC 41552) (63)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures60-63"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472731"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">, 60-63</figureCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="4712304E73CA4929630C5CB8BD350EE4"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12218"author="Neiber, MT"journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"pagination="308 - 321"refId="B47"refString="Neiber, MT, Hausdorf, B, 2017. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the land snail genus Monacha (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae). Zoologica Scripta 46: 308 - 321, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12218"title="Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the land snail genus Monacha (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae)."url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12218"volume="46"year="2017">Neiber and Hausdorf 2017</bibRefCitation>
) with vaginal appendix usually short and slender (having shape and size of a digitiform gland) inserted at mid vagina; proximal vaginal sac absent; penial flagellum long to very long; penial papilla with narrow space between external walls and central duct; central duct circular in transverse section, usually rather small in diameter, not joined by strips to external walls and with its lumen almost totally filled by large pleats.
) dextral, sub-globose to globose, small to medium in size, variable in colour, sometimes (when colour is brownish yellow) with paler subsutural and peripheral bands, with
-6 slightly convex whorls separated by superficial sutures; aperture slightly prosocline, round to oval; peristome not reflected, thickened, with variably evident whitish callous rim lining the outer margin; umbilicus open, very small to small; protoconch and teleoconch smooth, with very faint scattered collabral growth lines. Shell dimensions: H: 10.3
<figureCitationid="14A1EF891536E5CFBD5F0690C0637155"captionStart="Figures 57–59"captionStartId="F16"captionText="Figures 57 - 59. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (57), internal structure of distal genitalia (58) and transverse section of apical penial papilla (59) of Monacha pantanellii from Lago del Turano [Tur 2] (FGC 41654)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures57-59"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472730"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">57</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="B9BDAF42158BE052125465627DC9727F"captionStart="Figures 57–59"captionStartId="F16"captionText="Figures 57 - 59. Genitalia (proximal parts excluded) (57), internal structure of distal genitalia (58) and transverse section of apical penial papilla (59) of Monacha pantanellii from Lago del Turano [Tur 2] (FGC 41654)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56397.figures57-59"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472730"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">58</figureCitation>
<tableCitationid="68675AC77FF939AE8A74E483FB015BA3"captionStart="Table 7"captionStartId="T7"captionText="Table 7. Other anatomical features distinguishing Monacha species."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A81A48F95C30299B60802D08B03E3998"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"tableUuid="A81A48F95C30299B60802D08B03E3998">7</tableCitation>
) include free oviduct, bursa copulatrix and its duct, digitiform glands, vagina and vaginal appendix. Free oviduct short and variably wide. Bursa copulatrix bean-like or pyriform with long wide duct. Vagina short to long and wide. Digitiform glands disposed on opposite sides of vagina in two groups of 1-3 tufts, each with 1-3 units. Vaginal appendix usually short (having shape and size of a digitiform gland) and inserted approximately half-way along the vagina.
<tableCitationid="8CC2A9EEA8B53F998F9E0A2277784E62"captionStart="Table 7"captionStartId="T7"captionText="Table 7. Other anatomical features distinguishing Monacha species."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A81A48F95C30299B60802D08B03E3998"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"tableUuid="A81A48F95C30299B60802D08B03E3998">7</tableCitation>
) include vas deferens, flagellum, epiphallus and penis. Vas deferens very long and very slender. Flagellum long to very long and slender. Epiphallus long to very long and wide. Penis short and wide, enveloped by thin sheath, consisting of proximal portion (from start of penial sheath to base of penial papilla) and distal portion (from base of penial papilla to genital atrium). Penial papilla variable in shape (perhaps due to pre-mortem stress or spirit fixation), with apical opening, thick external walls and narrow space between external walls and central duct; central duct circular in section, usually rather small in diameter, not joined by strips to external walls of penial papilla and with its lumen almost totally filled with large pleats.
<paragraphid="C02FAB840820A4C353A6FB900AB8A2CD"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">Genital atrium large, receiving vagina and penis, internally smooth or with variably developed longitudinal pleats.</paragraph>
"Sulla cima del Monte Fionghi al sud di Spoleto a circa mille metri sul livello del mare ", i.e., on the summit of Monte Fionchi, south of Spoleto, at an altitude of ca. 1000 m (municipality of Spoleto, province of Perugia), UTM references 32T UH 1726, Lat and Long:
Named after Dante Pantanelli (1844-1913), Italian palaeontologist and geologist at the University of Modena. He published many papers on Miocene and Pliocene molluscs, some of which were co-authored by his friend Carlo De Stefani (1851-1924). He was also the secretary of the Italian Malacological Society and the editor of the Bullettino della
<bibRefCitationid="F4878BFFB4158B1DA241827E3AA36550"DOI="https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2017.0451"author="Manganelli, G"journalOrPublisher="Archives of Natural History"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"pagination="303 - 320"refId="B43"refString="Manganelli, G, Lori, E, Benocci, A, Cianfanelli, S, 2017. Societa Malacologica Italiana 1874-1906. Archives of Natural History 44: 303 - 320, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2017.0451"title="Societa Malacologica Italiana 1874 - 1906."url="https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2017.0451"volume="44"year="2017">Manganelli et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
species was named after Sandro Ruffo (1915-2010), a major Italian twentieth-century zoologist and director of the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona for many years (
<bibRefCitationid="CD4BEEDBAA931F665CF3ED89E54B76F8"author="Latella, L"journalOrPublisher="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Verona"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"refId="B40"refString="Latella, L, 2011. Sandro Ruffo. Ricordi di allievi e amici. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Verona"title="Sandro Ruffo. Ricordi di allievi e amici."year="2011">Latella 2011</bibRefCitation>
<paragraphid="326CE90A8974F0716B6AC5084B75BDEE"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">Endemic to Umbria-Marche Apennines and Latium Sub-Apennines. It occurs from the Apennines of Gualdo Tadino in the north to the Aniene and Turano valleys in the south.</paragraph>
<paragraphid="D82151E4A085151E3CB1AD9031B0C519"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">Mesophile species living among grass in open habitats such as grasslands, pastures, forest edges and clearings in hill and mountain areas.</paragraph>
<paragraphid="331CD534A8BB146988C22EB07F5A373D"pageId="0"pageNumber="17">Apparently common and widespread species within its range, but in some sites (e.g., Vallonina) it was no longer found during a field survey in the summer of 2019. Like other mesophilic species it could be sensitive to global warming.</paragraph>
on the basis of a few shell characters ("more depressed, more fragile and paler shell, with fine growth lines, less rounded opening and deeper umbilicus") and was disregarded by its author as an "extreme variety" of the former. Subsequently it was only reported in two catalogues by
<bibRefCitationid="D7F5668F33D54AB3A85ED9B4AA5F6C5B"author="Pilsbry, HA"journalOrPublisher="Second series"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"pagination="161 - 366"publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/23737354"refId="B56"refString="Pilsbry, HA, 1895. Helicidae. Guide to the study of helices. In: Tryon GW and Pilsbry HA, Manual of conchology, structural and systematical, with the illustrations of the species. Pulmonata. Second series 9 (36): 161 - 366, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/23737354"title="Helicidae. Guide to the study of helices. In: Tryon GW and Pilsbry HA, Manual of conchology, structural and systematical, with the illustrations of the species. Pulmonata."url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/23737354"volume="9"year="1895">Pilsbry (1895</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="7B2F99ADA09E627BAB1A27796AA9D86A"author="Alzona, C"journalOrPublisher="Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"pagination="1 - 433"refId="B1"refString="Alzona, C, 1971. Malacofauna italica. Catalogo e bibliografia dei Molluschi viventi, terrestri e d'acqua dolce. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 111: 1 - 433"title="Malacofauna italica. Catalogo e bibliografia dei Molluschi viventi, terrestri e d'acqua dolce."volume="111"year="1971">Alzona 1971</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="FB8E22DB1416EEB3DC8E3D19A4C53872"DOI="https://doi.org/10.21426/B62110484"author="Giusti, F"journalOrPublisher="Subterranean Biology"pageId="0"pageNumber="17"refId="B25"refString="Giusti, F, 1973. Notulae malacologicae XVI. I molluschi terrestri e di acqua dolce viventi sul massiccio dei Monti Reatini (Appennino Centrale). Lavori della Societa Italiana di Biogeografia (Nuova Serie) 2 ["1971"] : 423-574, Tav. I-VII [= 1-7]. Forli. https://doi.org/10.21426/B62110484"title="Notulae malacologicae XVI. I molluschi terrestri e di acqua dolce viventi sul massiccio dei Monti Reatini (Appennino Centrale). Lavori della Societa Italiana di Biogeografia (Nuova Serie) 2 [" 1971 "]: 423 - 574, Tav. I-VII [= 1 - 7]. Forli."url="https://doi.org/10.21426/B62110484"year="1973">Giusti (1973)</bibRefCitation>
species is one of thousands of mollusc species established since the second half of the nineteenth century on the basis of very few shell features of no diagnostic value due to dramatic intra- and inter-population variability. In describing thousands of species and varieties, past authors hit on some that remained valid.
