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<document id="66586416EE0076CFD52AE0B041D5233D" ID-CLB-Dataset="5366" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4990.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3d91b76b-723a-43df-b0b1-ddc8d3dc1a82" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4982880" ID-ZooBank="6C306B69-BF02-45AD-A6CE-83AFB99F6EA6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1624004411007" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Han, Wu, Tang, Hongqu &amp; Ni, Zhenyu" docDate="2021" docId="B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4990.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4990 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Monodiamesa bonalpicola Han and Tang 2021, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="749541C3-C142-4431-B253-7A7EAB508ED1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="96" masterDocId="450C2146C706FE369B50FFBFFFBE7D4E" masterDocTitle="DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="91" updateTime="1698968779042" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BF950E2CBB52BE84ADC590F5BED0E4E9">DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2CDE3308D842F2765E377947B757ECD6">Han, Wu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="50CE132CCC98CB5C1CB69AF4285F14AD">State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="95EC258EE6FC4E1C66CE97810488DA83">Tang, Hongqu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A1E54CE27D817387B9630D0456DBC9B9">Life Science and Technology College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A8B73A8A3B917824D450E101E89C9919">Ni, Zhenyu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3E277E117C27A0950B86F72880C1D666">State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="35A4F6577CC920EB938E2CCBC8EA7DF6">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EEA6792A7610C18A8E4ADA230E3B02EE">2021-06-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4BA8EA793CF87A17677F8BE138D0237E">4990</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="357AE1B3669CF94DB2ECC155D57428BF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4990.1.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5116341" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183709144" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5116341" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:749541C3-C142-4431-B253-7A7EAB508ED1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<subSubSection id="7986BBA3C70CFE3C9BC7FD9DFD5F7F73" box="[151,737,546,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="6A6B5F44C70CFE3C9BC7FD9DFD5F7F73" bold="true" box="[151,737,546,573]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" reason="1">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9BC7FD9DFD5F7F73" bold="true" box="[151,737,546,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC70CFE3C9BC7FD9DFD2C7F73" ID-CoL="9HWSM" authority="Han and Tang" authorityName="Han and Tang" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,658,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonalpicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9BC7FD9DFE667F73" bold="true" box="[151,472,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Monodiamesa bonalpicola</emphasis>
Han and Tang
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="18DB8941C70CFE3C99CFFD9CFD5F7F73" box="[671,737,547,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="7986BBA3C70CFE3C9BC7FDF8FB287FCB" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="description">
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9BC7FDF8FEAC7F2C" blockId="10.[151,1174,546,645]" box="[151,274,583,610]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
(
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70CFE3C9BCFFDF8FEB47F2C" box="[159,266,583,610]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStart-2="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-2="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@12.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@13.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) basal median lobe; (C) hind tibial comb. Illustration: (D) hypopygium, dorsal view; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–E, 50 μm." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., female. Photos: (A) hypopygium, ventral view. Illustration. (B) antenna; (C) S VIII; (D) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A, 50μm; B–E, 100 μm." captionText-2="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982903" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982915" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4982903/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4982915/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Figs. 6–8</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9BC7FDD5FB287FCB" blockId="10.[151,1174,546,645]" box="[151,1174,618,645]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
http://zoobank.org/
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="7986BBA3C70CFE3C9BC7FD0DFC757EEB" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9BC7FD0DFE3C7F82" bold="true" box="[151,386,690,716]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="81F4E275C70CFE3C9ADAFD0CFF777E5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325439304" collectingDate="2019-08-29" collectorName="Voucher No. &amp; W. Han" country="China" county="Shenzha County" elevation="4649" latitude="30.978416" location="Nagqu Prefecture" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="88.47845" municipality="Pe" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="EE27568AC70CFE3C9ADAFD0CFE497F83" box="[394,503,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="279A23A1C70CFE3C9952FD0CFDEF7F83" box="[514,593,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="D1477252C70CFE3C990EFD0CFDC57F83" box="[606,635,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Pe</collectingMunicipality>
/L, [
<collectorName id="9C698DFEC70CFE3C99F8FD0CFC807F83" box="[680,830,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Voucher No.</collectorName>
: TB_53],
<collectingCountry id="498BA8B8C70CFE3C98E0FD0CFBB37F83" box="[944,1037,691,717]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="F35826CAC70CFE3C9F48FD0CFAFB7F83" box="[1048,1349,691,717]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Tibet Autonomous Region</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9E02FD0CFEB37FBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9E02FD0CFEB37FBF" country="China" county="Shenzha County" latitude="30.978416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="88.47845" municipality="Pe" name="Nagqu Prefecture" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Nagqu Prefecture</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="D84290A4C70CFE3C9A4BFD68FE667FBF" box="[283,472,727,753]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Shenzha County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9AB5FD68FDD07FBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9AB5FD68FDD07FBF" box="[485,622,727,753]" country="China" county="Shenzha County" latitude="30.978416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="88.47845" municipality="Pe" name="Gyaring Co" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Gyaring Co</location>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="54A88EEFC70CFE3C987FFD68FC717FBF" box="[815,975,727,753]" degrees="88" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" precision="1" seconds="42.4" value="88.47845">88°28'42.4'' E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="F66445CDC70CFE3C9F5BFD68FBDB7FBF" box="[1035,1125,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.648999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" unit="m" value="4649.0">
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,
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,
<collectorName id="9C698DFEC70CFE3C9E2DFD68FF777E5B" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">W. Han</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="EE27568AC70CFE3C9B85FD44FEF87E5B" box="[213,326,763,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
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, [Voucher No.: TB_54], as previous;
<materialsCitation id="81F4E275C70CFE3C9833FD44FC847E13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325439303" collectingDate="2014-07-10" collectingDateMax="2020-09-01" collectingDateMin="2014-07-10" collectorName="W. Han " country="China" county="Geji County" elevation="4816" latitude="29.499445" location="Pe" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="279A23A1C70CFE3C9833FD44FC057E5B" box="[867,955,763,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
[
<collectorName id="9C698DFEC70CFE3C9899FD44FBE17E5B" box="[969,1119,763,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Voucher No.</collectorName>
: Mon_01, Mon_02], 1 P/m, 1P/f, 3
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9BBBFCA0FEB67E77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9BBBFCA0FEB67E77" box="[235,264,799,825]" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Pe" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Pe</location>
/2
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9A4FFCA0FE807E77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9A4FFCA0FE807E77" box="[287,318,799,825]" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Le" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Le</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="F35826CAC70CFE3C9A19FCA0FE387E77" box="[329,390,799,825]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Tibet</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9AC3FCA0FDEF7E77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9AC3FCA0FDEF7E77" box="[403,593,799,825]" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Ngari Prefecture" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Ngari Prefecture</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="D84290A4C70CFE3C990DFCA0FD577E77" box="[605,745,799,825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Geji County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C99A4FCA0FC1E7E77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C99A4FCA0FC1E7E77" box="[756,928,799,825]" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Yagi Township" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Yagi Township</location>
,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C98FCFCA0FBE67E77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C98FCFCA0FBE67E77" box="[940,1112,799,825]" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Yare Township" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Yare Township</location>
,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9F34FCA0FAB27E77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9F34FCA0FAB27E77" box="[1124,1292,799,825]" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Wamo Zangbo" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Wamo Zangbo</location>
,
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,
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, alt.
<quantity id="F66445CDC70CFE3C9ADCFCFCFE5C7E13" box="[396,482,835,861]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.816" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" unit="m" value="4816.0">
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,
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,
<collectorName id="9C698DFEC70CFE3C998EFCFCFC8B7E13" box="[734,821,835,861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">W. Han</collectorName>
;
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8
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,
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:
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,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9E30FCFCFF437ECF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9E30FCFCFF437ECF" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Zhaling Lake" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Zhaling Lake</location>
, 35°.0'29.1'' N, 97°.12'56'' E,
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<elevation id="BAB10F1BC70CFE3C9918FCD8FD217ECF" box="[584,671,871,897]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.33" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" unit="m" value="4330.0">4330 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="55663700C70CFE3C99FBFCD9FC8B7ECF" box="[683,821,870,897]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" value="2015-08-24">24.viii.2015</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="9C698DFEC70CFE3C9810FCD8FC3C7ECF" box="[832,898,871,897]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">J. Liu</collectorName>
; 2
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,
<collectingRegion id="F35826CAC70CFE3C989CFCD8FBB77ECF" box="[972,1033,871,897]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Tibet</collectingRegion>
,
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,
<location id="3443BEF3C70CFE3C9FABFCD8FA277ECF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B935593EC70CFE399BC7FD9DFA287E87:3443BEF3C70CFE3C9FABFCD8FA277ECF" box="[1275,1433,871,897]" country="China" county="Geji County" latitude="29.499445" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="96.733665" municipality="Rakwa Tso" name="Baxoi County" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Xizang">Baxoi County</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="D1477252C70CFE3C9BC7FC34FEA87EEB" box="[151,278,907,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Rakwa Tso</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="54A88EEFC70CFE3C9A90FC34FDE37EEB" box="[448,605,907,933]" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" precision="1" seconds="1.2" value="96.733665">96° 44' 1.2'' E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
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<elevation id="BAB10F1BC70CFE3C99C3FC34FD547EEB" box="[659,746,907,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" unit="m" value="3920.0">3920 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="55663700C70CFE3C99A6FC34FCC67EEB" box="[758,888,907,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" value="2014-07-10">10.vii.2014</collectingDate>
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<collectorName id="9C698DFEC70CFE3C98D4FC34FC797EEB" box="[900,967,907,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">J. Liu</collectorName>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7986BBA3C70CFE399B97FC10FEDB7F83" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FC10FC43795F" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9B97FC10FEF07E87" bold="true" box="[199,334,943,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Etymology.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9A08FC10FE2B7E86" box="[344,405,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Bon-,</emphasis>
refers to the native religious tradition of
<collectingRegion id="F35826CAC70CFE3C982BFC10FC077E87" box="[891,953,943,969]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Tibet</collectingRegion>
; -
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9881FC10FC437E87" box="[977,1021,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">alpi</emphasis>
, refers to ‘of high mountain’, -
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9E3CFC10FA227E87" box="[1388,1436,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">cola</emphasis>
means ‘dweller, inhabitant’. The combination of ‘
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9999FC6CFCEB7EA3" box="[713,853,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">bonalpicola’</emphasis>
means the species exists in the Tibetan high mountains and resembles the known European species
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC70CFE3C9990FC48FC43795F" authority="(Brundin, 1952)" baseAuthorityName="Brundin" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[704,1021,1014,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9990FC48FCFF795F" box="[704,833,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">M. alpicola</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="550D95D9C70CFE3C9800FC48FC4A795F" author="Brundin" box="[848,1012,1014,1041]" firstAuthor="Brundin" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" pagination="39 - 53" refId="ref11417" refString="Brundin, L. (1952) Zur Kenntnis der Taxonomie und Metamorphose der Chironomidengattungen Protanypus Kieff., Prodiamesa Kieff. und Monodiamesa Kieff. Report. Institute of Freshwater Research, Drottningholm, 33, 39 - 53." type="journal article" year="1952">Brundin, 1952</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FBA5FE6F797B" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" box="[199,465,1050,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9B97FBA5FE6F797B" bold="true" box="[199,465,1050,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FB80FBB37933" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Adult male. AR 1.40–1.51, clypeus with 10–14 setae; subapex of gonostylus nearly paralleled, even circumference. Length of apical spine of MVo subequal to the basal-sclerotized pedestal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FB38FB1F79A7" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Adult female. AR 0.46–0.54, clypeus with 15–18 setae. Gonocoxapodeme straight, S VIII with reticulations, with many long setae (50–80 μm), arising from the large pits (diameter 20–30 μm). Gonocoxite IX well developed, relative slender, greatly free from the S IX. T IX with 10–15 setae on each round protrusion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FB4CFC32787F" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Pupa. Prealar tubercle well-developed and strongly sclerotized, no distinct wrinkles above the red-brown surface. Male genital sac clearly extends beyond the apex of anal lobe.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FA84FD467837" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Larva. Median mentum teeth prominent, brown or pale brown, similar to lateral teeth; insertion of two genal setae under ventromental plate or very proximate to it.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FA3CFE1878D0" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" box="[199,422,1411,1438]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9B97FA3CFEBA78D3" bold="true" box="[199,260,1411,1437]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Male</emphasis>
(n =3,
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70CFE3C9A05FA3CFE2678D0" box="[341,408,1411,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) basal median lobe; (C) hind tibial comb. Illustration: (D) hypopygium, dorsal view; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–E, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982903/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FA18FAF6788F" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" box="[199,1352,1446,1473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
Total length, 5.85–6.30,
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. Wing length, 2.70–3.10,
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, wing width, 0.80–1.00,
<quantity id="F66445CDC70CFE3C9F8DFA18FAFA788F" box="[1245,1348,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="0.88">0.88 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97FA74FF447BD7" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9B97FA74FEF478AB" box="[199,330,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Coloration.</emphasis>
Mature form generally brown to dark brown, antenna with dark scape and brown flagellum. Thorax general grey brown with discernible dark vittae, scutellum and postnotum dark brown, halter yellowish brown. In some premature and teneral forms, the pleurae and scutellum bright yellow. Legs generally yellow. Wing bright glassy, crossveins slightly darker than other veins. Abdomen tergite general dark brown, sternite somewhat pale yellow, with some π-shaped brown ornaments in anterior ¾ of S VI–VIII and longitudinally median brown patch in S I–V.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97F91CFA9C7A67" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9B97F91CFEB57BF3" box="[199,267,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Head.</emphasis>
Eyes bare, extending parallel-sided ending in truncated terminals, separated by 5 x their terminal width. Flagellomere 1–12, 450–550, 500 μm; flagellomere 13, 700–760, 720 μm; AR 1.38–1.56, 1.45. Palpomere 1–5 lengths (in μm): 35–50, 40; 60–65, 63; 150–200, 175; 125–150, 141; 200–225, 213; the fourth palp shorter than the adjacent two segments, palp4/palp3, 0.75–0.86, 0.81. Temporals 7–10, 8. Clypeus with 10–14, 12 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97F88CFCB27A3F" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9B97F88CFE9E7A03" box="[199,288,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Thorax.</emphasis>
Humeral pit distinct. Dorsocentrals 7–9, 8 in a single row, with 4–5 additional small light pits. Prealars 3–5, 4. Scutellum with 14–18, 16 setae, fairly two rows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70CFE3C9B97F8C4FE777A93" blockId="10.[151,1437,690,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70CFE3C9B97F8C4FEB67ADA" box="[199,264,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="91">Wing.</emphasis>
Anal lobe roundish, slightly projected. Squama with 20–25, 22 setae, in robust two rows. Crossvein MCu longer than oblique RM and its distance to RM and FCu; RM 80–100, 93 μm long; MCu 100–150,127 μm long; RM/MCu, 0.67–0.80, 0.75.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FF28FDE77C2B" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FF28FEBA7DFE" box="[199,260,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Legs.</emphasis>
Fore tibia with one straight spur, 50 μm long; middle tibia with two subequal spurs, 40–50 μm long; hind tibia with two spurs, 50–60, 53 μm long and 75–100, 83 μm long. Hind tibial comb (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9F0EFF04FB087D98" box="[1118,1206,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) basal median lobe; (C) hind tibial comb. Illustration: (D) hypopygium, dorsal view; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–E, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982903/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
) with 8–12, 11 long spines, arranged in V-shape, shorten from lateral sides to middle, only presenting on the long spur side (inner side). Ta
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and Ta
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in
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the mid- and hind legs each with 2 pseudospurs subapically, 35–38, 36 μm long. LR
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, 0.75; LR
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, 0.44–0.48, 0.46; LR
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, 0.41–0.56, 0.51. BV
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, 2.65; BV
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D99AFFE86FCB97C09" attach="left" box="[767,775,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">2</subScript>
, 2.97–3.11, 3.04; BV
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, 2.51–2.80, 2.64. BR
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, 3.4–3.6 (2); BR
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, 3.2–4.0, 3.67; BR
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, 4.0–4.44, 4.15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FED0FB027CC7" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[199,1212,367,393]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FED0FE877CC7" box="[199,313,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Tergite setiferous with setae nearly covering all surface, subquadrate in general.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FE2CFA967FBF" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FE2CFEE87CE2" box="[199,342,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A37FE2CFD8E7CE0" box="[359,560,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) basal median lobe; (C) hind tibial comb. Illustration: (D) hypopygium, dorsal view; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–E, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982903/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Figs. 6A, 6D, 6E</figureCitation>
). Tergite IX with 10–14 setae at each posterolateral corner. Anal point short, broad triangular, each side with 4–5 lateral setae. Gonocoxite 275–300, 292 μm long. Superior volsella foot-shaped, dorsal surface with numerous inner-oriented macrotrichiae and 6–8 stronger setae in apical part, inner margin with 10–15 larger setae. Inferior volsella racket-like, with slender neck and inflated, quite rounded apical part, both surfaces covering numerous radially arranged macrotrichiae, slightly beyond the junction of gonocoxite/gonostylus. Median volsella bearing a cylindrical pedestal (ca. 8 μm wide x ca. 40 μm long) and a flexural digitus (ca. 40 μm long). Basal median lobe (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A96FDD4FDA37FC8" box="[454,541,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) basal median lobe; (C) hind tibial comb. Illustration: (D) hypopygium, dorsal view; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–E, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982903/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
) reduced, slightly extending beyond the inner margin of gonocoxite, with 2–4 tubercle-based setae. Inner margin of gonocoxite with 5–6 ventromedial strong setae, 50–65 μm long. Gonostylus with slightly curved beak, 115–125, 120 μm long, 30–35 μm wide, about even thickness through the whole section; megaseta prominent, 16–20 μm high, with 2 subapical stiff setae. HR, 2.29–2.61, 2.43. HV, 4.68 (n = 1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B9EFD44FDBC7E5B" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[206,514,763,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B9EFD44FE9B7E5B" bold="true" box="[206,293,763,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Female</emphasis>
(n = 1 or 2,
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9AE1FD44FE4A7E5B" box="[433,500,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., female. Photos: (A) hypopygium, ventral view. Illustration. (B) antenna; (C) S VIII; (D) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A, 50μm; B–E, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982915/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FCA0FC1B7E77" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[199,933,798,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Total length
<quantity id="F66445CDC70DFE3D9A04FCA1FE447E77" box="[340,506,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="5.85" metricValueMin="5.25" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="5.55" valueMax="5.85" valueMin="5.25">5.25–5.85 mm</quantity>
. Wing: length
<quantity id="F66445CDC70DFE3D99CDFCA0FD4B7E77" box="[669,757,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="F66445CDC70DFE3D9818FCA0FC1F7E77" box="[840,929,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FCFCFC177E13" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[199,937,835,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FCFCFEFC7E13" box="[199,322,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Coloration</emphasis>
. Similar to male adults except the brown spermatheca.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FCD8FE9A7EA3" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FCD8FEBA7ECF" box="[199,260,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Head</emphasis>
. Eyes bare, dorsal extension short, with wedge-shaped terminal, separated by 4.0–4.5 x their terminal width. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A06FC34FE107EEB" box="[342,430,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., female. Photos: (A) hypopygium, ventral view. Illustration. (B) antenna; (C) S VIII; (D) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A, 50μm; B–E, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982915/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
) with 6 flagellomere, flagellomere 1–5, 370–390 μm; flagellomere 6, 175–200 μm; AR 0.46–0.54. Palpomere lengths (in μm):40–45; 50–75; 120–130; 110–125; 200–250. Temporals 9–11. Clypeus with 15–18 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FC4FFE3B7960" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FC4FFEA67944" box="[199,280,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Thorax</emphasis>
. Antepronotals 8–10, 8. Dorsocentrals 10–14, 12, in a single row. Scutellars 16–20, 18, arranged in 3-4 rows. Prealars 3-5, 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FB86FBAC7938" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FB86FEBF791C" box="[199,257,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Wing</emphasis>
. Squama with 32–36 setae, arranged in two robust rows. Crossvein MCu longer than oblique RM and its distance to RM and FCu; RM 140 μm long; MCu 180 μm long; RM/MCu 0.78.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FB3EFAC579AC" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FB3EFF4279D4" box="[199,252,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Legs</emphasis>
. Fore tibia spur, 40 μm long; mid tibial spurs 50–54 μm long; hind tibial spurs, 56 μm and 87.5 μm long, respectively. Hind tibial comb with 10–12 long spines. Two pseudospurs at the subapical part of Ta
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D9FA1FB09FB47798A" attach="left" box="[1265,1273,1206,1220]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">1</subScript>
and Ta
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D9E1CFB09FAEA798A" attach="left" box="[1356,1364,1206,1220]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">2</subScript>
of the mid- and hind legs, 35– 40 μm long. LR
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D990AFB65FDDC79A6" attach="left" box="[602,610,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">1</subScript>
, 0.74; LR
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D9981FB65FD6779A6" attach="left" box="[721,729,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">2</subScript>
, 0.5; LR
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D986CFB65FCFA79A6" attach="left" box="[828,836,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">3</subScript>
, 0.55. BV
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D98E8FB65FC7E79A6" attach="left" box="[952,960,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">1</subScript>
, 2.53; BV
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, 2.82; BV
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D9FE2FB65FB0479A6" attach="left" box="[1202,1210,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">3</subScript>
, 2.81. BR
<subScript id="AD18EA6DC70DFE3D9E7CFB65FA8A79A6" attach="left" box="[1324,1332,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">2</subScript>
, 1.67.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FB53FA2A78D8" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FB53FE907848" box="[199,302,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A6CFB53FE607849" box="[316,478,1260,1287]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., female. Photos: (A) hypopygium, ventral view. Illustration. (B) antenna; (C) S VIII; (D) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A, 50μm; B–E, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982915/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Figs. 7 A, C, D</figureCitation>
). S VIII without distinct oval depression, with 13–16 setae (50–80 μm long) arising from the larger pale pits. Coxosternapodeme nearly straight, weakly sclerotized. Notum 150–200 μm long, slightly shorter than the rami, pale yellow in color. Dorsomesal lobe relative slender, expanded medially; ventrolateral lobe broad, with some anteriomedian-oriented long setae. Apodeme lobe rod-like, with weak microtrichia in the round apex. Three spermatheca oval, 50–70 μm in the long axis. Postgenital plate triangular shaped. Cercus ship-shaped, 160–200 μm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FA1FFE5F78F4" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[199,481,1440,1466]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FA1FFEBB78F4" bold="true" box="[199,261,1440,1466]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Pupa</emphasis>
(n=4,
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A00FA1FFE6778F4" box="[336,473,1440,1466]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Figs. 8 A–D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FA7BFBE57890" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[199,1115,1476,1503]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Total length (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A0DFA7BFE0B7890" box="[349,437,1476,1502]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) 6.2–6.9,
<quantity id="F66445CDC70DFE3D9976FA7BFDC17891" box="[550,639,1476,1503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
. Coloration general yellow to light brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97FA57FAE27BF9" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97FA57FEC97B4C" box="[199,375,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cephalothorax.</emphasis>
Cephalic tubercle and frontal seta absent. Thoracic suture with heavy granulations. Thorax horn broad ovate, 700–850, 825 μm long, thoracic horn ratio 2.80–3.15, 2.89. Accessory horn with four main tubularshaped basal branches. Antepronotal with 1 median and 2 lateral setae, 90–120 μm and 100–120 μm respectively. Precorneal with 2 well-developed and 1 reduced seta, 85–100 μm for the longer two setae and 40–50 μm for the reduced one. Prealar 1, 75–100 μm long, prealar tubercle well developed. Dorsocentrals grouped into 2 clusters, Dc 1–4 (in μm): 75–100; 40–60,51; 40–60, 50; 55–70, 63; the distance between Dc2 and Dc3 175–250, 207 μm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97F97FFD317AFD" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97F97FFE8F7B94" box="[199,305,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Abdomen</emphasis>
. T I bare. T II–V with extensive spinulations, subquadrate to triangular in outline. Spinulations on T VI hour-glass shaped, T VII T-shaped, T VIII reduced into two patches in the anterolateral corners. Spinose pedes spurii B (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A54F8B7FEE57A6C" box="[260,347,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
) on segment II well developed, pedes spuria A on S IV–VII. Segments VII–VIII with 4 lateral taeniae, occasionally, one or two branched taeniae on segment VIII (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D98F8F893FBBA7A08" box="[936,1028,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
). Anal lobe 380–400, 395 μm high, 450–560, 520 μm wide, with 58–65, 60 fringe setae, single row in basal 2/3, and muti-serials in the distal 1/3. Two pairs of dorsal setae, the posterior pair hidden in the fringe terminals. Male genital (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9F12F8CBFB267AC0" box="[1090,1176,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
) sac slightly extending the distal margin of anal lobe, 30–50, 46 μm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97F803FDE07A98" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[199,606,1980,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70DFE3D9B97F803FE9E7A98" bold="true" box="[199,288,1980,2006]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Larva (</emphasis>
exuviae, n = 2,
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC70DFE3D9A9DF803FDEC7A98" box="[461,594,1980,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Figs. 8E–G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C70DFE3D9B97F85FFA3A7AB5" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,2043]" box="[199,1412,2016,2043]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Total length
<quantity id="F66445CDC70DFE3D9A04F85FFE607AB5" box="[340,478,2016,2043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="6.5">6.5–7.5 mm</quantity>
. Head capsule 450–500 μm long, and 320–380 μm wide, cephalic index 1.32–1.45.
</paragraph>
<caption id="65E3B8A0C70AFE3A9BC7F828FBC87A9A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4982903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982903/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="93" startId="12.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="3123E828C70AFE3A9BC7F828FBC87A9A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70AFE3A9BC7F828FEAB7AE1" bold="true" box="[151,277,1943,1967]" pageId="12" pageNumber="93">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC70AFE3A9A4DF827FD907AFE" authority="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni, 2021" authorityName="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni" authorityYear="2021" box="[285,558,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonalpicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70AFE3A9A4DF827FD907AFE" box="[285,558,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="93">Monodiamesa bonalpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70AFE3A9966F827FDCF7AFE" bold="true" box="[566,625,1944,1968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="18DB8941C70AFE3A9966F827FDCF7AFE" box="[566,625,1944,1968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="93" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) basal median lobe; (C) hind tibial comb. Illustration: (D) hypopygium, dorsal view; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–E, 50 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="65E3B8A0C70BFE3B9BC7F828FCD07A9A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4982915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982915/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="94" startId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="3123E828C70BFE3B9BC7F828FCD07A9A" blockId="13.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70BFE3B9BC7F828FEAA7AFE" bold="true" box="[151,276,1943,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="94">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC70BFE3B9A4BF827FD957AFE" authority="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni, 2021" authorityName="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni" authorityYear="2021" box="[283,555,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonalpicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70BFE3B9A4BF827FD957AFE" box="[283,555,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="94">Monodiamesa bonalpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="03E8343AC70BFE3B9962F827FDD27AFE" bold="true" box="[562,620,1944,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="18DB8941C70BFE3B9962F827FDD27AFE" box="[562,620,1944,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="94" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female. Photos: (A) hypopygium, ventral view. Illustration. (B) antenna; (C) S VIII; (D) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A, 50μm; B–E, 100 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="65E3B8A0C708FE389BC7F828FD797AB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="95" startId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="3123E828C708FE389BC7F828FD797AB6" blockId="14.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="14" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC708FE389BC7F828FEAB7AE1" bold="true" box="[151,277,1943,1967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="95">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC708FE389A4EF827FD917AFE" authority="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni, 2021" authorityName="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni" authorityYear="2021" box="[286,559,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonalpicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC708FE389A4EF827FD917AFE" box="[286,559,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="95">Monodiamesa bonalpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="03E8343AC708FE389967F827FDCD7AFE" bold="true" box="[567,627,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="18DB8941C708FE389967F827FDCD7AFE" box="[567,627,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="95" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3123E828C709FE399B97FF28FAC97F73" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399B97FF28FEBA7DFF" box="[199,260,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC709FE399A45FF28FED77DFF" box="[277,361,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
) yellow with dark brown apical mandible and mentum teeth. Antenna segment length (An1 to An4, in μm): 40–50; 20–23; 2–3; 4–5; AR 1.32–2.10. Length of basal segments about 2.1–3.0 times as long as width, a small sense pit just over the ring organ, basal setal mark absent. Blade 20–25 μm long, extending the apex of fourth segment, accessory blade 10–13 μm long, reaching the middle section of second segment. Lauterborn organ visible, inverse-fork shaped, style ca. 5 μm long, slightly longer than the Lauterborn organ. Premandible simple, 56–60 μm long, without brush. Mandible 120–130 μm long, apical teeth 25–30 μm long, clearly longer than the combined width of two inner teeth, the most basal inner teeth incompletely set off from the mola area. Seta subdentalis weak, 10–15 μm long, slightly extending the first true inner tooth; seta interna with 6 simple branches. Mentum (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC709FE399BF0FE08FF487C9F" box="[160,246,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
) 100–120 μm wide in basal, subequal to the height. Median teeth with a weak notch, total width 30–35 μm, MR 0.28–0.35. Ventromental plate 20–25 μm wide in basal curved section, posterolateral margin roundish, with 6–8 beard underneath the plate, seldom extending beyond the outer margin. Two large genal setae very close to the posterolateral corner of ventromental plate. Postmentum 250–260 μm, distance between setae submenti 50–60 μm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3123E828C709FE399B97FDF8FEDB7F83" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399B97FDF8FEB97F2F" box="[199,263,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Body.</emphasis>
Procercus (
<figureCitation id="A9A7F4ADC709FE399ADFFDF8FE587F2F" box="[399,486,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4982921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4982921/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
) 40–50 μm high, 30–38 μm wide, with 7–8 anal setae, 650–800 μm long, two lateral setae of procerus, 120–160 μm and 50–55 μm long respectively. Two pairs of supraanal setae, the longer one 300–400 μm and the shorter one 150–160 μm long. Posterior parapods short, 170–200 μm long, with lateral setae 150–160 μm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7986BBA3C709FE399B97FD69FE4D7FBF" box="[199,499,726,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3123E828C709FE399B97FD69FE4D7FBF" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,969]" box="[199,499,726,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399B97FD69FEDE7FBF" bold="true" box="[199,352,726,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="498BA8B8C709FE399A37FD68FE147FBF" box="[359,426,727,753]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">China</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="F35826CAC709FE399AE1FD68FE517FBF" box="[433,495,727,753]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Tibet</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7986BBA3C709FE399B97FD44FA287E87" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3123E828C709FE399B97FD44FA287E87" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399B97FD44FE857E5B" bold="true" box="[199,315,763,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">Remarks.</emphasis>
The male imago of
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC709FE39994CFD44FD767E5B" authority="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni, 2021" authorityName="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni" authorityYear="2021" box="[540,712,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonalpicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE39994CFD44FD767E5B" box="[540,712,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">M. bonalpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE39999EFD44FCB07E5B" bold="true" box="[718,782,763,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="18DB8941C709FE39999EFD44FCB07E5B" box="[718,782,763,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is very close to European
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC709FE399F66FD44FB097E5B" baseAuthorityName="Brundin" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1078,1207,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399F66FD44FB097E5B" box="[1078,1207,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">M. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC709FE399FBDFD44FADD7E5B" baseAuthorityName="Brundin" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1261,1379,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekmani">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399FBDFD44FADD7E5B" box="[1261,1379,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">M. ekmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The main differences are in the AR, and particularly in the hypopygium the ratio of the length of median volsella spine / the length of pedestal. For
<taxonomicName id="F69C93ABC709FE399A91FCFCFDD27E13" authority="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni, 2021" authorityName="Han &amp; Tang &amp; Ni" authorityYear="2021" box="[449,620,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Monodiamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonalpicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399A91FCFCFDD27E13" box="[449,620,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">M. bonalpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="03E8343AC709FE399923FCFCFD0C7E13" bold="true" box="[627,690,835,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="18DB8941C709FE399923FCFCFD0C7E13" box="[627,690,835,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, the AR value is clearly lower than 2.0 and with a relatively longer median volsella pedestal. For the two known species, the AR value is around 2.0 and the length of median volsella spine is almost twice as long as the pedestal (
<tableCitation id="7C1EDD93C709FE3999DDFC34FD5A7EEB" box="[653,740,907,933]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="15.[151,239,1016,1040]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,1093,1278]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 2. The main morphological differences of male adults between the two new species and other similar species. Spine / Pedestal* means the length of median volsella spine / the length of pedestal." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/65E3B8A0C709FE399BC7FC47FBAE797A" pageId="15" pageNumber="96" tableUuid="65E3B8A0C709FE399BC7FC47FBAE797A">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The female and immature stages can be determined referring to the diagnostic characters, but it may be hard to separate them from its worldwide allies solely by these features.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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