437 lines
59 KiB
XML
437 lines
59 KiB
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<mods:titleInfo id="0FBEEF523F77F307584B85907DC67E08">
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<mods:title id="94CBE191601432DDC9AE8234BADF0299">Notes on the orb-weaving spider genus Alpaida (Araneae, Araneidae) with description of four new species from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DF91B8569F1DEB42237BAF5E87F20731" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5ED899229FBA5C3469994558F13C2C71">Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="979F93CE2171F1EAA086D6FA8E58AA1D">Castanheira, Pedro De Souza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="949566414257233E9F4BC659AF976C83">Prado, André Wanderley Do</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C0873726F386787D8FB733039B2B1A2E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E3FAB6B700202784F19A7EFFC24536A7">
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<mods:date id="1F1E0776CA64B14EBCDDBBA839C9DF80">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="123E018709CCE1328BD4935411688EA1">2018-04-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BBFA18074CB3D1587BFC63CF39526596">4407</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="512492224CB68B9B0746C0775D1335B3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A8A8BDA7F91770ED52CDAE538E0F2EF0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4407.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5992767" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143536650" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5992767" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<subSubSection id="C34FE7D6FFA0A45E3FCCFF18FEC898C9" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA0A45E3FCCFF18FDB398A8" blockId="11.[151,531,151,211]" box="[151,531,151,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<heading id="D0A20331FFA0A45E3FCCFF18FDB398A8" bold="true" box="[151,531,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3FCCFF18FDB398A8" bold="true" box="[151,531,151,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA0A45E3FCCFF18FEDC98AB" ID-CoL="C5X4" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,380,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3FCCFF18FEDC98AB" bold="true" box="[151,380,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Alpaida mendensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA0A45E3ED8FF17FDB398A8" box="[387,531,152,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA0A45E3FCCFF35FEC898C9" blockId="11.[151,531,151,211]" box="[151,360,186,211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3FC4FF35FEAB98C9" box="[159,267,186,211]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 7" captionStart-1="FIGURES 8" captionStartId-0="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId-0="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId-1="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Figs. 7–8</figureCitation>
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, Map 1)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34FE7D6FFA0A45E3FCCFE8DFA309A45" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA0A45E3FCCFE8DFA309A45" blockId="11.[151,1437,258,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3DBE00FFA0A45E3FCCFE8DFABB9925" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1837804051" collectingDate="2015-02-26" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="R. Baptista" country="Brazil" county="Mendes" elevation="652" latitude="-22.511612" location="Paineiras" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.761585" municipality="Centro Marista Sao Jose" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" specimenCode="MNRJ 7473" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3FCCFE8DFEE09901" bold="true" box="[151,320,258,283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Type-material</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54EE0AFFFFA0A45E3E15FE8DFE169901" box="[334,438,258,283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D537FD4FFA0A45E3EE6FE8CFE759900" box="[445,469,259,282]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F342F4CDFFA0A45E3EBBFE8CFDE89901" box="[480,584,259,283]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA0A45E3D08FE8DFCA19901" authority="de Janeiro" authorityName="de Janeiro" box="[595,769,258,283]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<collectingRegion id="49917ABFFFA0A45E3D08FE8DFCA19901" box="[595,769,258,283]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3D08FE8DFCA19901" bold="true" box="[595,769,258,283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
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</collectingRegion>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<collectingCounty id="628BCCD1FFA0A45E3C54FE8CFCC69901" box="[783,870,259,283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3C54FE8CFCC69901" box="[783,870,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Mendes</emphasis>
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</collectingCounty>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E2E27FFA0A45E3C2EFE8CFB269901" box="[885,1158,258,283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Centro Marista São José</collectingMunicipality>
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das
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<location id="8E8AE286FFA0A45E3BE2FE8DFA809901" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB:8E8AE286FFA0A45E3BE2FE8DFA809901" box="[1209,1312,258,283]" country="Brazil" county="Mendes" latitude="-22.511612" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.761585" municipality="Centro Marista Sao Jose" name="Paineiras" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Paineiras</location>
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(
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<location id="8E8AE286FFA0A45E3A74FE8DFA359901" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB:8E8AE286FFA0A45E3A74FE8DFA359901" box="[1327,1429,258,283]" country="Brazil" county="Mendes" latitude="-22.511612" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.761585" municipality="Centro Marista Sao Jose" name="Cruzeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Cruzeiro</location>
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)
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3E02FEA8FD869924" box="[345,550,294,319]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-43.761585">043° 45’ 41.7” W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="0078536EFFA0A45E3D69FEA9FDDD9924" box="[562,637,294,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.52" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="652.0">
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFAF6B75FFA0A45E3DD1FEA9FCA29925" box="[650,770,294,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2015-02-26">
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<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3DD1FEA9FCA29925" box="[650,770,294,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2015-02-26">26.II.2015</date>
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</collectingDate>
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, looking down,
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<collectorName id="26A0D18BFFA0A45E3CE1FEA8FB989925" box="[954,1080,294,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">R. Baptista</collectorName>
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coll. (
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<specimenCode id="DBF31C26FFA0A45E3BD9FEA8FAB49925" box="[1154,1300,295,319]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">MNRJ 7473</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B3DBE00FFA0A45E3A73FEA8FC78999D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1837804059" collectingDate="2014-11-17" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="Prado" country="Brazil" county="Mendes" elevation="652" latitude="-22.511612" location="Paineiras" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.761585" municipality="Centro Marista Sao Jose" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" specimenCode="MNRJ 7475" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54EE0AFFFFA0A45E3A73FEA8FA399925" box="[1320,1433,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F342F4CDFFA0A45E3FCCFEC4FF5F9979" box="[151,255,331,355]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA0A45E3E57FEC5FE1E9979" authority="de Janeiro" authorityName="de Janeiro" box="[268,446,330,355]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<collectingRegion id="49917ABFFFA0A45E3E57FEC5FE1E9979" box="[268,446,330,355]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3E57FEC5FE1E9979" bold="true" box="[268,446,330,355]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
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</collectingRegion>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<collectingCounty id="628BCCD1FFA0A45E3E94FEC4FD869979" box="[463,550,331,355]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3E94FEC4FD869979" box="[463,550,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Mendes</emphasis>
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</collectingCounty>
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|||
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:
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|||
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E2E27FFA0A45E3D6DFEC4FCEE9979" box="[566,846,330,355]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Centro Marista São José</collectingMunicipality>
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das
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|||
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<location id="8E8AE286FFA0A45E3CDEFEC5FC4C9979" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB:8E8AE286FFA0A45E3CDEFEC5FC4C9979" box="[901,1004,330,355]" country="Brazil" county="Mendes" latitude="-22.511612" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.761585" municipality="Centro Marista Sao Jose" name="Paineiras" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Paineiras</location>
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|||
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(
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<location id="8E8AE286FFA0A45E3CA6FEC5FBC39979" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB:8E8AE286FFA0A45E3CA6FEC5FBC39979" box="[1021,1123,330,355]" country="Brazil" county="Mendes" latitude="-22.511612" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.761585" municipality="Centro Marista Sao Jose" name="Cruzeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Cruzeiro</location>
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)
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|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3A63FEC4FF56999C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-43.761585">043° 45’ 41.7” W</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
|||
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<elevation id="0078536EFFA0A45E3E5AFEE1FEE9999C" box="[257,329,366,391]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.52" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="652.0">
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<quantity id="4CAD19B8FFA0A45E3E5AFEE1FEE9999C" box="[257,329,366,391]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.52" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="652.0">652 m</quantity>
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|||
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="EFAF6B75FFA0A45E3E0FFEE0FE77999D" box="[340,471,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-11-17">
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3E0FFEE0FE77999D" box="[340,471,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-11-17">17.XI.2014</date>
|
|||
|
</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
, cryptic, A. do
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="26A0D18BFFA0A45E3DD9FEE1FD63999D" box="[642,707,366,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Prado</collectorName>
|
|||
|
coll.,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D537FD4FFA0A45E3C53FEE0FC92999C" box="[776,818,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<specimenCode id="DBF31C26FFA0A45E3C1AFEE0FC70999D" box="[833,976,366,391]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">MNRJ 7475</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3CBFFEE0FBC6999D" box="[996,1126,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-11-18">18.XI.2014</date>
|
|||
|
, cryptic, R. Baptista coll., 1 ♀ (UFRJ 1458);
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="3B3DBE00FFA0A45E3E3EFE1CFCC499D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1837804058" collectingDate="2015-02-25" collectionCode="UFRJ" collectorName="R. Baptista" country="Brazil" county="Centro Marista Sao Jose" elevation="551" latitude="-22.50975" location="Sede" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.75458" municipality="Paineiras" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" specimenCode="UFRJ 1457" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3E3EFE1CFE3B99B1" box="[357,411,403,427]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">idem</emphasis>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingCounty id="628BCCD1FFA0A45E3EF4FE1CFD7099B1" box="[431,720,402,427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Centro Marista São José</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
das
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E2E27FFA0A45E3C54FE1DFCD699B1" box="[783,886,402,427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Paineiras</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<location id="8E8AE286FFA0A45E3CD1FE1DFC6399B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB:8E8AE286FFA0A45E3CD1FE1DFC6399B1" box="[906,963,402,427]" country="Brazil" county="Centro Marista Sao Jose" latitude="-22.50975" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.75458" municipality="Paineiras" name="Sede" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Sede</location>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3C83FE1DFBD499B1" box="[984,1140,402,427]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-22.50975">22°30’35.1”S</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3BDEFE1DFA9899B1" box="[1157,1336,402,427]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-43.75458">043°45’16.5”W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<elevation id="0078536EFFA0A45E3A13FE1DFA3899B0" box="[1352,1432,402,427]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.51" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="551.0">
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CAD19B8FFA0A45E3A13FE1DFA3899B0" box="[1352,1432,402,427]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.51" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="551.0">551 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="EFAF6B75FFA0A45E3FCCFE39FEAE99D5" box="[151,270,438,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2015-02-25">
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3FCCFE39FEAE99D5" box="[151,270,438,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2015-02-25">25.II.2015</date>
|
|||
|
</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
, looking down,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="26A0D18BFFA0A45E3E91FE38FDEA99D5" box="[458,586,438,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">R. Baptista</collectorName>
|
|||
|
coll.,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D537FD4FFA0A45E3DCEFE38FD6299D4" box="[661,706,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<specimenCode id="DBF31C26FFA0A45E3D88FE38FCFC99D5" box="[723,860,438,463]" collectionCode="UFRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qstz-adte" name="Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">UFRJ 1457</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="3B3DBE00FFA0A45E3C28FE39FA3799E9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1837804054" collectingDate="2014-08-23" collectingDateMax="2014-08-31" collectingDateMin="2014-08-23" collectionCode="UFRJ" collectorName="Prado & R. Baptista" country="Brazil" elevation="510" latitude="-22.504667" location="Encruzilhada" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.75961" municipality="Fazenda Arvoredo" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" specimenCode="UFRJ 1459" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3C28FE39FC0999D4" box="[883,937,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">idem</emphasis>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E2E27FFA0A45E3CE1FE39FB2C99D5" box="[954,1164,438,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fazenda Arvoredo</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<location id="8E8AE286FFA0A45E3BC6FE39FA9499D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB:8E8AE286FFA0A45E3BC6FE39FA9499D5" box="[1181,1332,438,463]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.504667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.75961" municipality="Fazenda Arvoredo" name="Encruzilhada" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Encruzilhada</location>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3A1EFE38FF4E99E9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-22.504667">22° 30’ 16.8” S</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3FA6FE54FE6B99E8" box="[253,459,474,499]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-43.75961">043° 45’ 34.6” W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<elevation id="0078536EFFA0A45E3E83FE55FD8399E8" box="[472,547,474,499]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="510.0">
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CAD19B8FFA0A45E3E83FE55FD8399E8" box="[472,547,474,499]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="510.0">510 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="EFAF6B75FFA0A45E3D6BFE54FD4F99E9" box="[560,751,475,499]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-08-23" valueMax="2014-08-31" valueMin="2014-08-23">
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3D6BFE54FD4F99E9" box="[560,751,475,499]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-08-23" valueMax="2014-08-31" valueMin="2014-08-23">23–31.VIII.2014</date>
|
|||
|
</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
, pitfall, A. do
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="26A0D18BFFA0A45E3CC2FE55FC7A99E9" box="[921,986,474,499]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Prado</collectorName>
|
|||
|
&
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="26A0D18BFFA0A45E3B59FE54FB2199E9" box="[1026,1153,474,499]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">R. Baptista</collectorName>
|
|||
|
coll.,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D537FD4FFA0A45E3B91FE54FB5699E8" box="[1226,1270,475,499]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<specimenCode id="DBF31C26FFA0A45E3A5CFE54FA2F99E9" box="[1287,1423,474,499]" collectionCode="UFRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qstz-adte" name="Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">UFRJ 1459</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<materialsCitation id="3B3DBE00FFA0A45E3FCCFE71FEEC9A21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1837804048" collectingDate="2014-05-15" collectionCode="UFRJ" collectorName="R. Baptista" country="Brazil" elevation="537" latitude="-22.502861" location="Porteira" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.75403" municipality="Fazenda Arvoredo" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" specimenCode="UFRJ 1456" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3FCCFE71FF6D9A0C" box="[151,205,510,534]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">idem</emphasis>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E2E27FFA0A45E3F80FE71FE0B9A0D" box="[219,427,510,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fazenda Arvoredo</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<location id="8E8AE286FFA0A45E3EE2FE71FDB59A0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC054BFFA0A45B3FCCFF18FD819CBB:8E8AE286FFA0A45E3EE2FE71FDB59A0D" box="[441,533,510,535]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.502861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-43.75403" municipality="Fazenda Arvoredo" name="Porteira" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Porteira</location>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3D7FFE70FD749A0D" box="[548,724,511,535]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-22.502861">22° 30’ 10.3” S</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE61D29AFFA0A45E3DBAFE70FC099A0C" box="[737,937,510,535]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" precision="1" value="-43.75403">043° 45’ 14.5” W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<elevation id="0078536EFFA0A45E3CEFFE71FC5D9A0C" box="[948,1021,510,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.37" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="537.0">
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CAD19B8FFA0A45E3CEFFE71FC5D9A0C" box="[948,1021,510,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.37" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="537.0">537 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<collectingDate id="EFAF6B75FFA0A45E3B52FE71FBDE9A0D" box="[1033,1150,510,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-05-15">
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3B52FE71FBDE9A0D" box="[1033,1150,510,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-05-15">15.V.2014</date>
|
|||
|
</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
, litter,
|
|||
|
<collectorName id="26A0D18BFFA0A45E3B90FE70FAE89A0D" box="[1227,1352,510,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">R. Baptista</collectorName>
|
|||
|
coll.,
|
|||
|
<specimenCount id="9D537FD4FFA0A45E3AD5FE70FF0C9A20" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<specimenCode id="DBF31C26FFA0A45E3FE7FDACFEE49A21" box="[188,324,546,571]" collectionCode="UFRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qstz-adte" name="Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">UFRJ 1456</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
)
|
|||
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3E02FDACFE4E9A21" box="[345,494,547,571]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-08-30">30.VIII.2014</date>
|
|||
|
, cryptic, R. Baptista coll., 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (UFRJ 1455);
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3B6EFDACFB699A21" box="[1077,1225,547,571]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2014-08-30">30.VIII.2014</date>
|
|||
|
, looking down, R. Baptista coll., 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MNRJ 7474);
|
|||
|
<date id="FFEB929DFFA0A45E3D17FDC9FD6D9A45" box="[588,717,582,607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" value="2015-03-04">04.III.2015</date>
|
|||
|
, litter sieving, R. Baptista coll., 1 ♀, 1 immature (UFRJ 1460).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C34FE7D6FFA0A45E3F9CFDE5FDDF9A98" box="[199,639,618,643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA0A45E3F9CFDE5FDDF9A98" blockId="11.[151,1437,258,2011]" box="[199,639,618,643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3F9CFDE5FD949A99" bold="true" box="[199,564,618,643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
None.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C34FE7D6FFA0A45E3F9CFD01FE389AD1" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA0A45E3F9CFD01FE389AD1" blockId="11.[151,1437,258,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3F9CFD01FEE69ABD" bold="true" box="[199,326,654,679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Etymology</emphasis>
|
|||
|
. The specific epithet “
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA0A45E3D1BFD01FD1B9ABD" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[576,699,654,679]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis">mendensis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
” is a Latin word meaning “from Mendes”, in reference to the
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54EE0AFFFFA0A45E3A37FD00FA3C9ABD" box="[1388,1436,655,679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
locality of this species.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C34FE7D6FFA0A45E3F9CFD59FE3F9DA5" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA0A45E3F9CFD59FE3F9DA5" blockId="11.[151,1437,258,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3F9CFD59FE9A9AF5" bold="true" box="[199,314,726,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA0A45E3E12FD58FE7D9AF4" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[329,477,726,750]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3E12FD58FE7D9AF4" box="[329,477,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">A. mendensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA0A45E3EBEFD59FDD09AF5" box="[485,624,726,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3EBEFD59FDD09AF5" bold="true" box="[485,624,726,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
seems most similar to
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA0A45E3C2FFD59FB369AF5" authority="Levi, 1988" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1988" box="[884,1174,726,751]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simla">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3C2FFD59FBB19AF4" box="[884,1041,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Alpaida simla</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4C9ACFFA0A45E3B42FD59FB369AF5" box="[1049,1174,726,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" refId="ref14918" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The Neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 151 (7), 365 - 487." type="journal article">Levi, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
, as they share a yellow carapace with blackish patch from eyes to fovea and contour of the same colour on its edge, and dorsum of abdomen with similar pattern of black and yellow patches and pairs of white dots (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3B0EFC91FB119B2D" box="[1109,1201,798,823]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3BE4FC90FB439B2D" box="[1215,1251,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">8A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4C9ACFFA0A45E3BAAFC91FAC99B2D" box="[1265,1385,798,823]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" refId="ref14918" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The Neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 151 (7), 365 - 487." type="journal article">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
, fig. 291–292). Their male palps have a terminal apophysis relatively small, divided in a prominent distal lobe, bearing a median furrow, and reaching medially beyond tip of the flattened and wide basal prong, an embolus curved, wide and short, slightly slanted, with an apical notch on its dark sclerotized tip, a median apophysis transverse, elongated and evidently projected on its mesal rim and the tegular lobe not conspicuous (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3B7CFC21FB009BDD" box="[1063,1184,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7C–E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4C9ACFFA0A45E3BF6FC21FA859BDD" box="[1197,1317,942,967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" refId="ref14918" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The Neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 151 (7), 365 - 487." type="journal article">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
, fig. 293). Females of both species also have the abdomen ending in a small, acute tip and a small epigynum with apical notch fused to rim of scape, lips high, overhanging an anterior depression at each side of epigynum, and a large bulging posterior plate (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3E16FB95FE699C29" box="[333,457,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 8C–D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
,
|
|||
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4C9ACFFA0A45E3E83FB95FDF09C29" box="[472,592,1050,1075]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" refId="ref14918" refString="Levi, H. W. (1988) The Neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genus Alpaida (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 151 (7), 365 - 487." type="journal article">Levi 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
, fig. 289–290).
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA0A45E3C51FB94FC019C29" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[778,929,1051,1075]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3C51FB94FC019C29" box="[778,929,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">A. mendensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA0A45E3CF1FB95FB979C29" box="[938,1079,1050,1075]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3CF1FB95FB979C29" bold="true" box="[938,1079,1050,1075]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
can be easily diagnosed by its carapace with dark patches mixed with brown and of a lighter hue, sternum with a large black or dusky median patch, and venter of abdomen yellow, with only a median black stripe, a black ring around the spinnerets and a bright yellowish white patch on the tip of the abdomen. The male palp has the distal lobe of terminal apophysis more prominent and with a deep median furrow and two elevated rims, well projected beyond the tip of the vertically-placed and folded basal prong, embolus wider and more evenly curved, with both sides of apical notch round and of same size, and median apophysis apparently more excavated at its inner middle portion with a longer and projected mesal rim (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3E98FA99FD9F9D35" box="[451,575,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7C–E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). The epigynum is heart-shaped, with a smaller and more acutely pointed scape, whose tip is visibly deflected over the posterior plate, and lips thinner and less curved, with its basis thinner and not quite projecting forward (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3D78FAD1FD3F9D6D" box="[547,671,1374,1399]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 8C–E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). In posterior view, the epigynum is elliptic (not rectangular), the posterior plate is around twice wider than high, with median portion more sclerotized and with a mound just below the scape (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3E56FA29FE329DA5" box="[269,402,1446,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Figs. 8D–E</figureCitation>
|
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|
).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C34FE7D6FFA0A4583F9CFA45FF6D99CA" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="334" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="description">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA0A45E3F9CFA45FC609FC1" blockId="11.[151,1437,258,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3F9CFA45FEF19DF9" bold="true" box="[199,337,1482,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Description</emphasis>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA0A45E3E3EFA44FE3F9DF9" box="[357,415,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Male</emphasis>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54EE0AFFFFA0A45E3EEFFA45FDBC9DF9" box="[436,540,1482,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="332" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
). Carapace, endites and chelicerae yellowish brown. Carapace with a wide median V-shaped brownish black patch from eyes to fovea, with dusky black edges (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3B14FA61FB099E1D" box="[1103,1193,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Eyes inside anterior black patch (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3E7EF99DFEDE9E31" box="[293,382,1554,1579]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Sternum yellowish, with dark dusky median patch and dark edges somewhat fused to median patch (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3FBFF9B9FE9E9E55" box="[228,318,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Legs light-brown with dusky blackish patches on femur, patella, metatarsus and tarsus (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3A6DF9B9FF0C9E69" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7A– B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Abdomen longer than wide, cylindrical (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3DC7F9D5FCBB9E69" box="[668,795,1626,1651]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7A–B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Dorsum of abdomen covered with black to dark grey patches, with yellow interrupted stripe from the anterior edge, reaching back to end of middle third and a series of yellow patches at each side. Three guanine white dots inside these patches (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3CA3F92DFBF49EA1" box="[1016,1108,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Venter yellow with median almost triangular black stripe and black ring around yellowish spinnerets. Yellow patch contouring posterior edge of abdomen (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3E70F965FE239F19" box="[299,387,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Palp with terminal apophysis clearly divided, bearing a prominent, roundish distal lobe with a deep median furrow and two elevated rims, projected beyond tip of vertically-placed, folded leaf-like basal prong; embolus wide, curved and elongated, slightly slanted, blade-shaped with an evenly divided apical notch on its sclerotized tip (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA0A45E3E31F8D9FE6F9F75" box="[362,463,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURES 7" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,609,1914]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 7. Alpaida mendensis new species male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal.D, ventral.E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="332">Figs. 7C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
); median apophysis transverse, crescent-shaped, with its median portion excavated in its inner side and mesal rim clearly projected towards embolus; tegular lobe not conspicuous. Paracymbium hooked and elongated. Total length: 4.12.Carapace: 2.03 long, 1.62 wide. Leg I: femur 1.93, patella 0.72, tibia 1.67, metatarsus 1.48 and tarsus 0.81. Patella + tibia II 1.69; III 1.51; IV 2.13.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA7A4593F9CFF17FF6F9A02" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA7A4593F9CFF17FEBB98AA" box="[199,283,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">Female</emphasis>
|
|||
|
(
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54EE0AFFFFA7A4593E70FF17FE2D98AA" box="[299,397,152,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="333" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
UFRJ 1458). Carapace shape, endites, chelicerae, legs, and eyes as in male (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA7A4593A5CFF18FA3098AA" box="[1287,1424,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">Figs. 8A–B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Sternum with only median black patch. Abdomen colour pattern also as in male, but more triangular and ending in an acute tip (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA7A4593E6CFF50FE6398E2" box="[311,451,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">Figs. 8A–B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Venter similar to male, but with larger yellow contour stripe after spinnerets and yellowish white guanine patch at acute tip. Epigynum slightly heart-shaped. Scape with a small and acute point, clearly deflected over posterior plate and with yellow borders. Notch fused to rim of scape forming a deep pouch. Lips moderately curved, very high, with sides wider but not very projected forward, overhanging an anterior depression in both sides of epigynum (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA7A4593D00FEE0FD779992" box="[603,727,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">Fig. 8C–E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Posterior plate around twice wider than high, bulging, with median portion more sclerotized and clearly elevated just below scape, forming a mound in lateral view (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA7A4593A76FE1BFF0C99CA" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">Figs. 8D– E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Lips projected over posterior plate, wider at basis (
|
|||
|
<figureCitation id="136EA8D8FFA7A4593C5EFE38FC2B99CA" box="[773,907,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,579,1876]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 8. Alpaida mendensis new species female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral.D, lateral.E, posterior.Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B,2 mm;C, D, E, 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">Figs. 8D–E</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
). Total length: 4.47. Carapace: 1.98 long, 1.58 wide. Leg I: femur 1.71, patella 0.61, tibia 1.38, metatarsus 1.33 and tarsus 0.80. Patella + tibia II 1.83; III 1.98; IV 2.02.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<caption id="DF2AE4D5FFA7A4593FCCF82CFCEE9FC2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216560/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="333" startId="12.[151,264,1955,1978]" targetBox="[151,1436,609,1914]" targetPageId="12">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA7A4593FCCF82CFCEE9FC2" blockId="12.[151,1435,1955,2008]" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA7A4593FCCF82CFE839FA3" bold="true" box="[151,291,1955,1978]" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">FIGURES 7.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA7A4593E77F82CFE4E9FA3" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[300,494,1955,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA7A4593E77F82CFE4E9FA3" box="[300,494,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">Alpaida mendensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA7A4593EACF82BFDD69FA3" box="[503,630,1955,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="333" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA7A4593EACF82BFDD69FA3" bold="true" box="[503,630,1955,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="333">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
male holotype: A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, left male palp; C, mesal. D, ventral. E, ectal. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA6A4583F9CFF18FF5E995A" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583F9CFF18FE9598AA" bold="true" box="[199,309,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">Variation</emphasis>
|
|||
|
. Males (n = 5): total length, 3.97–4.60; females (n = 7): total length, 4.14–4.63. Some females have a much darker colour pattern, with the median yellow longitudinal stripe on the dorsum of the abdomen much thinner and interrupted, sternum with median black patch and black edges and only three lateral lighter areas, and venter of abdomen with only two small yellow stripes. Females may also lack the guanine white patch below the acute tip.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA6A4583F9CFEC3FF6D99CA" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583F9CFEC3FE23997F" bold="true" box="[199,387,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">Natural History</emphasis>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA6A4583ECAFEC3FDC6997E" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[401,614,332,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583ECAFEC3FDC6997E" box="[401,614,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">Alpaida mendensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA6A4583D37FEC3FD56997F" box="[620,758,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583D37FEC3FD56997F" bold="true" box="[620,758,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
was collected near ground by using “sieving”, “cryptic” and “looking down” sampling techniques. Some specimens were found on small vertical orb-webs (less than
|
|||
|
<quantity id="4CAD19B8FFA6A4583A0FFEFFFA3C999D" box="[1364,1436,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="334" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
|||
|
wide) spotted near rotten logs, large tree roots or holes in the ground. It was also collected under loosen bark of logs.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
<subSubSection id="C34FE7D6FFA6A45B3F9CFE53FD819CBB" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="13" pageNumber="334" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA6A4583F9CFE53FCBD99EE" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[199,797,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583F9CFE53FEF999EF" bold="true" box="[199,345,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">Distribution</emphasis>
|
|||
|
. Only know from
|
|||
|
<typeStatus id="54EE0AFFFFA6A4583D72FE52FDF999EF" box="[553,601,477,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
locality (Map 1).
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
<caption id="DF2AE4D5FFA6A4583FCCF804FF4B9FC5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216562/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="334" startId="13.[151,264,1931,1954]" targetBox="[151,1436,579,1876]" targetPageId="13">
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA6A4583FCCF804FF4B9FC5" blockId="13.[151,1436,1931,2015]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583FCCF804FE859FBB" bold="true" box="[151,293,1931,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">FIGURES 8.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA6A4583E74F803FE549FB8" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[303,500,1932,1954]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583E74F803FE549FB8" box="[303,500,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">Alpaida mendensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA6A4583EA5F803FDDF9FB8" box="[510,639,1932,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA6A4583EA5F803FDDF9FB8" bold="true" box="[510,639,1932,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="334">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
female paratype (UFRJ 1455): A, dorsal habitus. B, ventral habitus. C–E, epigynum views; C, ventral. D, lateral. E, posterior. Abbreviations, L, lips; N, notch; S, scape. Scale bars, A, B, 2 mm; C, D, E, 0.2 mm.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
<paragraph id="8BEAB45DFFA5A45B3FCCFBE3FD819CBB" blockId="14.[151,1436,1132,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3FCCFBE3FF4D9C9B" bold="true" box="[151,237,1132,1153]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">MAP 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
Distribution of the four new species:
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA5A45B3DDBFBE3FCE49C98" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[640,836,1132,1154]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperatrix" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3DDBFBE3FCE49C98" box="[640,836,1132,1154]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">Alpaida imperatrix</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA5A45B3C16FBE3FC6C9C98" box="[845,972,1132,1154]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3C16FBE3FC6C9C98" bold="true" box="[845,972,1132,1154]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA5A45B3C87FBE2FBC29C98" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[988,1122,1132,1154]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperialis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3C87FBE2FBC29C98" box="[988,1122,1132,1154]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">A. imperialis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA5A45B3B30FBE3FB4B9C98" box="[1131,1259,1132,1154]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3B30FBE3FB4B9C98" bold="true" box="[1131,1259,1132,1154]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
;
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA5A45B3BA0FBE2FAC79C98" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[1275,1383,1133,1154]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marista" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3BA0FBE2FAC79C98" box="[1275,1383,1133,1154]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">A. marista</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA5A45B3A2BFBE3FF429CBB" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3A2BFBE3FF429CBB" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
and
|
|||
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55CFDEFFA5A45B3E48FB04FE389CBB" authority="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado, 2018" authorityName="Baptista & Castanheira & Prado" authorityYear="2018" box="[275,408,1163,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Alpaida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3E48FB04FE389CBB" box="[275,408,1163,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">A. mendensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212D534FFA5A45B3EC5FB04FDBB9CBB" box="[414,539,1163,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335" rank="species">
|
|||
|
<emphasis id="B921684FFFA5A45B3EC5FB04FDBB9CBB" bold="true" box="[414,539,1163,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="335">new species</emphasis>
|
|||
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
</document>
|