163 lines
16 KiB
XML
163 lines
16 KiB
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<document ENCODING="UTF8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6160139" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5918b440-d835-4e34-9618-f1b58aab1bed" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114913865" ID-HNS-Pub="27552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6160139" checkinTime="1409237179507" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Longino, John T" docDate="2013" docId="63E22A50F997F62C0A71DD541F13B3CC" docLanguage="en" docName="27552.htm.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3699" docTitle="Octostruma amrishi" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="EE74F677DCA4F13702125E9CE8D29A0F" masterDocTitle="A revision of the ant genus Octostruma Forel 1912 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1645264522075" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the ant genus Octostruma Forel 1912 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Longino, John T</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3699</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>61</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="HNS-Pub">27552</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3699.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">65A19D30-8E7A-4073-B92B-9709F8384752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6160139" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114913865" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6160139" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63E22A50F997F62C0A71DD541F13B3CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/63E22A50F997F62C0A71DD541F13B3CC" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Octostruma amrishi</taxonomicName>
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(Makhan, 2007) Revised Status
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">(Figs 1E, 3D, 5C, 15, 42)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">
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<taxonomicName authority="Makhan" authorityName="Makhan" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pyramica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Pyramica amrishi Makhan</taxonomicName>
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2007:1, figs. 1,2. Holotype worker: Suriname, Kasikasima, 27 Mar 1996 (D. Makhan) [repository unknown; see discussion in Bolton et al., 2008] (not examined). Combination in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octostruma</taxonomicName>
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; junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">Octostruma balzani</taxonomicName>
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: Bolton, Sosa-Calvo, et al. 2008: 62. Revised Status.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">Geographic range. Honduras to southern Peru and Amazonian Brazil.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="mainText">
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Description. Worker. HW 0.54-0.64, HL 0.50-0.60, WL 0.54-0.70, CI 106-110 (n=8). Matching in most respects the description for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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; mandible with 8 teeth (Fig. 3D), tooth 1 a broad blunt lamella, strongly differentiated from tooth 2, teeth 2-5 acute, similar in shape, with denticles between them; teeth 5-8 forming an apical fork, with 5 and 8 large, 6 and 7 small partially confluent denticles (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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complex); face setation as in Fig. 5C, lacking erect setae on posterolateral margins of head (present in
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<taxonomicName authority=", O. megabalzani" authorityName=", O. megabalzani" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. megabalzani</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trithrix">O. trithrix</taxonomicName>
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), a medial pair present on vertex margin (lacking in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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); mesosomal dorsum usually lacking a pair of erect setae (present in
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<taxonomicName authority=", O. megabalzani" authorityName=", O. megabalzani" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. megabalzani</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trithrix">O. trithrix</taxonomicName>
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); metanotal groove usually not impressed in profile view (impressed in
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<taxonomicName authority=", O. megabalzani" authorityName=", O. megabalzani" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. megabalzani</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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). When sympatric with
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<taxonomicName authority=", O. amrishi" authorityName=", O. amrishi" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">
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O. balzani
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<authority pageId="14" pageNumber="14">, O. amrishi</authority>
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</taxonomicName>
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is often a lighter red brown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="caption">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="15" start="start">FIGURE</pageBreakToken>
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14. Full face view of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octostruma</taxonomicName>
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queens.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wheeleri">A. O. wheeleri</taxonomicName>
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. B.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtinotum">O. cyrtinotum</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iheringi">C. O. iheringi</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani" tribe="Dacetini">D. O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eurhopalothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusidens" subGenus="Octostruma">E. O. obtusidens</taxonomicName>
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. F.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excertirugis">O. excertirugis</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugiferoides">G. O. rugiferoides</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hymenoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="convallis" subGenus="Octostruma">H. O. convallis</taxonomicName>
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. I.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ascrobis">O. ascrobis</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars are 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="caption">
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FIGURE 15.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Octostruma amrishi</taxonomicName>
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, worker (INBIOCRI001259486, Costa Rica), face and lateral views. Scale bar = 0.25 mm face view, 0.5 mm lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="mainText">
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Queen (previously undescribed). HW 0.60, HL 0.56, WL 0.73, CI 106 (n=1). Similar in all respects to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" type="mainText">
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Biology.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">Octostruma amrishi</taxonomicName>
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is a lowland to lower montane species. It occurs mostly in mature wet forest, less often in second growth forest. In the northern part of the range in Central America, where
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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does not
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="16" start="start">occur</pageBreakToken>
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, it extends into cloud forest to 1500 m. In southern Central America, where
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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occurs, it exhibits an elevationally parapatric distribution with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gymnogon">O. gymnogon</taxonomicName>
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and is restricted to elevations below 600 m. Almost all collections are from Berlese and Winkler samples of sifted litter and rotten wood from the forest floor. Dealate queens and intercaste workers occasionally occur together with workers in litter samples. One collection was of foragers on clay soil in a rainforest. See additional comments under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="mainText">
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Comments. Sampling of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octostruma</taxonomicName>
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is less thorough in South America than in Central America, but specimens that match the morphology of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">O. amrishi</taxonomicName>
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occur in lowland to midmontane rainforest in northern South America and throughout the Amazonian lowlands. Specimens from the southern portion of the range, including Amazonian Brazil and the eastern and western foothills of the Ecuadorian Andes, show reduced punctation on the first gastral tergite, becoming smooth and shining on a variable extent of the posterior portion of the tergite. See additional comments under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balzani">O. balzani</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="mainText">
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Although the type of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Octostruma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amrishi">O. amrishi</taxonomicName>
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was not examined, if it exists, the characteristic setal pattern can be seen on the figures in the original publication.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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