treatments-xml/data/AE/6A/70/AE6A70560C082368BD89BE8CFB7ABD3A.xml

<document id="B99716B770EB8DE05B1D7629D715857A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3355.1.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5251752" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629785455290" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Epler, J. H." docDate="2012" docId="AE6A70560C082368BD89BE8CFB7ABD3A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03355p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3355 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3355.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum Epler 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="5253082E0C092361BD1EBE52FF8BBA76" masterDocTitle="A brachypterous Bryophaenocladius (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) with hypopygium inversum from Heggie’s Rock, Georgia, U. S. A." masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1699111622638" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="64B00A26FD702E202D2CBD5E63BFF1A3">A brachypterous Bryophaenocladius (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) with hypopygium inversum from Heggie’s Rock, Georgia, U. S. A.</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="6ED992CB0C082360BD89BE8CFD24BA81" box="[151,687,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BD89BE8CFD24BA81" blockId="1.[151,687,222,247]" box="[151,687,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="7D34762C0C082360BD89BE8CFD24BA81" bold="true" box="[151,687,222,247]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" reason="2">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BD89BE8CFD24BA81" bold="true" box="[151,687,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C082360BD89BE8CFDC5BA81" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,590,222,247]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BD89BE8CFDC5BA81" bold="true" box="[151,590,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C082360BF4BBE8DFD24BA81" box="[597,687,223,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6ED992CB0C082360BD89BF74FF64B860" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BD89BF74FF64B860" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BD89BF74FE9ABB48" box="[151,273,294,319]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BD89BF74FE81BB49" bold="true" box="[151,266,294,319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Adults are distinguished by antennae with 5–6 flagellomeres (male and female); male AR around 0.53; maxillary palp with 4 or fewer palpomeres; brachypterous wings with obsolete veins; obsolete scutellum; male hypopygium without anal point, with minutely spinous virga, small digitiform inferior volsella; megaseta placed subapicoventrally on gonostylus; mated males with a hypopygium inversum. Pupae differ from other described 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C082360BD89BFE4FEFABBB8" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,369,438,462]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BD89BFE4FEFABBB8" box="[151,369,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Bryophaenocladius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of three pairs of small setae on the prefrons. Larvae have a mentum with 2 broad median teeth and AR of about 0.99, but are not realistically separable from many other 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C082360B9DCBF89FF64B860" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360B9DCBF89FA17BB85" box="[1218,1436,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Bryophaenocladius</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6ED992CB0C082363BDD9BC70FDFCBD9C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BDD9BC70FDB5B84C" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" box="[199,574,546,571]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD9BC70FE6FB84D" bold="true" box="[199,484,546,571]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD9BC70FED3B84D" box="[199,344,546,571]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" reason="1">Description.</emphasis>
Adult male
</emphasis>
(n = 8).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BDD7BC14FCACB828" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" box="[201,807,582,607]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD7BC14FECFB828" box="[201,324,582,606]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Coloration</emphasis>
. Black, with tibiae and tarsi gray (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BFD8BC14FC90B828" box="[710,795,582,606]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–28" captionStartId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-81@8.[226,1361,151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24–28. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov. and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with Diamorpha smallii); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BDD7BC39FC9DB8D0" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD7BC39FE27B8F5" box="[201,428,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">General dimensions</emphasis>
. Thorax 0.69–0.78, 0.74 mm; abdomen 1.73–2.44, 2.08 mm; total 2.46–3.22, 2.82 mm; wing 285–350, 313 µm long, 125–150, 138 µm wide (7).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BDD7BCE1FB8FB908" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD7BCE1FE8DB8BD" box="[201,262,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BC0BBCE0FED3B8BC" box="[277,344,690,714]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-47@3.[151,1436,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Eyes well separated, without dorsomesal extension. Temporal setae 8–16, 12; clypeal setae 3–7, 5; cibarial sensilla 7–16, 12 (5). Tentorium 130–158, 144 µm long (5), 13–20, 17 µm wide (5); stipes 95–128, 109 µm long 6), 35–55, 47 µm wide (6) (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BF30BCA8FDF8B964" box="[558,627,762,786]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-47@3.[151,1436,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Antenna (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BFEABCA8FCBCB964" box="[756,823,762,786]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-47@3.[151,1436,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) usually with 5 or 6 antennomeres; ultimate flagellomere 80–108, 99 µm long (6), without strong subapical seta. AR 0.34–0.86, 0.53 (6) (see Remarks). Maxillary palp with 4 palpomeres; lengths (in µm) of palpomeres 1–4: 33–45, 37; 35–53, 44; 80–88, 83 (7); 53–68, 60 (7). Palpomere 3 (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BC11BD34FEDAB908" box="[271,337,870,894]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-47@3.[151,1436,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) with sensillum coeloconicum with about 12 sensilla clavata.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BDD7BDD9FDA3B9B0" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD7BDD9FE91B9D5" box="[201,282,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BC34BDD8FEE6B9D4" box="[298,365,906,930]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-47@3.[151,1436,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Setae: antepronotals 4–7, 5; acrostichals 12–24, 17; dorsocentrals 7–13, 9; scutellars 3–7, 5; prealars 2–8, 4. Scutellum obsolete.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BDD7BD81FC41BE44" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD7BD81FE88B99C" box="[201,259,979,1002]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BC08BD80FED5B99C" box="[278,350,978,1002]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-47@3.[151,1436,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Wing reduced, moderately punctate, veins scarcely visible, anal lobe/squamal area reflexed under wing. Brachiolum with 1–2, 2 setae; R complex with 1–8, 4 setae. Pleural wing process enlarged, rounded, heavily microtrichiose, with 1–3 setae. Haltere reduced to a cordate lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BDD7BA6DFCF1BF66" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,1296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BDD7BA6DFF75BE20" box="[201,254,1087,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BC10BA6CFEDFBE20" box="[270,340,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–9" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[195,1375,205,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–9. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 7: fore tibia, apex; 8: hind tibia, apex; 9: legs, left to right: fore leg, mid leg, hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251756/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Lengths and ratios in 
<tableCitation id="6B41F4FB0C082360BF7DBA6CFD33BE20" box="[611,696,1086,1110]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,235,1338,1361]" captionText="TABLE 1. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., leg measurements and ratios." pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Fore tibial spur (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360BE9BBA6CFC41BE20" box="[901,970,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–9" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[195,1375,205,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–9. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 7: fore tibia, apex; 8: hind tibia, apex; 9: legs, left to right: fore leg, mid leg, hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251756/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) simple, sinuate, sometimes with minute spinulae near base; 45–68, 62 µm long. Mid and hind tibial spurs simple, straight; mid tibial spurs 43–53, 52 and 23–30, 27 µm long (7); hind tibial spurs 50–65, 56 and 18–33, 27 µm long. Pseudospurs on first and second tarsomeres of mid and hind legs: pseudospur mid ta 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C082360BFCCBAE8FD51BEBE" attach="left" box="[722,730,1210,1224]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">1</subScript>
13–23, 18 µm long, pseudospur mid ta 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C082360B9BBBAE8FB26BEBE" attach="left" box="[1189,1197,1210,1224]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">2</subScript>
13–20, 17 µm long; pseudospur hind ta 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C082360BC72BAB2FEFFBE98" attach="left" box="[364,372,1248,1262]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">1</subScript>
15–23, 18 µm long (7), pseudospur hind ta 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C082360BE7EBAB2FCE3BE98" attach="left" box="[864,872,1248,1262]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">2</subScript>
13–19, 15 µm long (7). Hind tibial comb (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C082360B851BA83FA19BE9F" box="[1359,1426,1233,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–9" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[195,1375,205,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–9. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 7: fore tibia, apex; 8: hind tibia, apex; 9: legs, left to right: fore leg, mid leg, hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251756/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) with 7–12, 9 spines. Sensilla chaetica absent. Tarsal claws simple.
</paragraph>
<caption id="72BC91C80C082360BD89BB68FB9FBF26" box="[151,1044,1338,1361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" startId="1.[151,235,1338,1361]">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BD89BB68FB9FBF26" blockId="1.[151,1044,1338,1361]" box="[151,1044,1338,1361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BD89BB68FE8FBF27" bold="true" box="[151,260,1338,1361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C082360BC14BB69FD02BF27" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[266,649,1339,1361]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BC14BB69FD02BF27" box="[266,649,1339,1361]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="14B71D520C082360BF8EBB69FD6BBF26" bold="true" box="[656,736,1339,1360]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C082360BF8EBB69FD6BBF26" box="[656,736,1339,1360]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, leg measurements and ratios.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C082360BD81BB3EFAD9BDF2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<table id="54C333E00C08DC9EBD81BB3EFA05BDF2" box="[159,1422,1388,1924]" gridcols="11" gridrows="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81BB3EFA05BFE8" box="[159,1422,1388,1438]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81BB3EFF6BBFE8" box="[159,224,1388,1438]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">male (n = 8)</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBDE4BB3EFEDFBFE8" box="[250,340,1388,1438]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">fe</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBC73BB3EFE43BFE8" box="[365,456,1388,1438]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">ti</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBCC1BB3EFDB2BFE8" box="[479,569,1388,1438]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">ta1</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBF4ABB3EFD25BFE8" box="[596,686,1388,1438]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">ta2</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBFD4BB3EFCAFBFE8" box="[714,804,1388,1438]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">ta3</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBE21BB3EFC07BFE8" box="[831,908,1388,1438]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">ta4</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBEAABB3EFB89BFE8" box="[948,1026,1388,1438]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">ta5</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB937BB3EFB1BBFE8" box="[1065,1168,1388,1438]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">LR</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB9B7BB3EFA84BFE8" box="[1193,1295,1388,1438]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">BV</th>
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB836BB3EFA05BFE8" box="[1320,1422,1388,1438]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">SV</th>
</tr>
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81BBE3FA05BF92" box="[159,1422,1457,1508]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81BBE3FF6BBF92" box="[159,224,1457,1508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">p1</th>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBDE4BBE3FEDFBF92" box="[250,340,1457,1508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">650–790, 702</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBC73BBE3FE43BF92" box="[365,456,1457,1508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">620–750, 708</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBCC1BBE3FDB2BF92" box="[479,569,1457,1508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">270–305, 296 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBF4ABBE3FD25BF92" box="[596,686,1457,1508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">150–170, 160 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBFD4BBE3FCAFBF92" box="[714,804,1457,1508]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">120–140, 134 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBE21BBE3FC07BF92" box="[831,908,1457,1508]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">95–110, 102 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBEAABBE3FB89BF92" box="[948,1026,1457,1508]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">95–105, 101 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB937BBE3FB1BBF92" box="[1065,1168,1457,1508]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">0.40–0.44, 0.42 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB9B7BBE3FA84BF92" box="[1193,1295,1457,1508]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">3.25–3.65, 3.45 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB836BBE3FA05BF92" box="[1320,1422,1457,1508]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">4.49–5.07, 4.79 (7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81BBA5FA05BC5F" box="[159,1422,1527,1577]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81BBA5FF6BBC5F" box="[159,224,1527,1577]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">p2</th>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBDE4BBA5FEDFBC5F" box="[250,340,1527,1577]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">660–810, 753</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBC73BBA5FE43BC5F" box="[365,456,1527,1577]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">660–790, 753</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBCC1BBA5FDB2BC5F" box="[479,569,1527,1577]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">200–220, 215</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBF4ABBA5FD25BC5F" box="[596,686,1527,1577]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">95–120, 106</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBFD4BBA5FCAFBC5F" box="[714,804,1527,1577]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">90–100, 96</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBE21BBA5FC07BC5F" box="[831,908,1527,1577]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">70–75, 71</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBEAABBA5FB89BC5F" box="[948,1026,1527,1577]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">80–90, 88</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB937BBA5FB1BBC5F" box="[1065,1168,1527,1577]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">0.28–0.30, 0.29</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB9B7BBA5FA84BC5F" box="[1193,1295,1527,1577]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">4.22–5.18, 4.77</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB836BBA5FA05BC5F" box="[1320,1422,1527,1577]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">6.60–7.27, 7.00</td>
</tr>
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81B86EFA05BC18" box="[159,1422,1596,1646]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81B86EFF6BBC18" box="[159,224,1596,1646]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">p3</th>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBDE4B86EFEDFBC18" box="[250,340,1596,1646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">710–870, 811 (7)</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBC73B86EFE43BC18" box="[365,456,1596,1646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">780–890, 843</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBCC1B86EFDB2BC18" box="[479,569,1596,1646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">280–320, 308</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBF4AB86EFD25BC18" box="[596,686,1596,1646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">130–160, 140</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBFD4B86EFCAFBC18" box="[714,804,1596,1646]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">140–160, 154</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBE21B86EFC07BC18" box="[831,908,1596,1646]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">80–95, 87</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBEAAB86EFB89BC18" box="[948,1026,1596,1646]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">70–95, 88</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB937B86EFB1BBC18" box="[1065,1168,1596,1646]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">0.35–0.39, 0.37</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB9B7B86EFA84BC18" box="[1193,1295,1596,1646]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">3.98–4.34, 4.18</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB836B86EFA05BC18" box="[1320,1422,1596,1646]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">5.03–5.68, 5.36</td>
</tr>
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81B8D3FA05BCC2" box="[159,1422,1665,1716]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81B8D3FA05BCC2" box="[159,1422,1665,1716]" colspan="11" colspanRight="10" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">female (n = 5)</th>
</tr>
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81B895FA05BC8F" box="[159,1422,1735,1785]" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81B895FF6BBC8F" box="[159,224,1735,1785]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">p1</th>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBDE4B895FEDFBC8F" box="[250,340,1735,1785]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">460–570, 510</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBC73B895FE43BC8F" box="[365,456,1735,1785]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">470–550, 508</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBCC1B895FDB2BC8F" box="[479,569,1735,1785]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">190–230, 210</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBF4AB895FD25BC8F" box="[596,686,1735,1785]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">105–130, 117</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBFD4B895FCAFBC8F" box="[714,804,1735,1785]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">90–105, 102</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBE21B895FC07BC8F" box="[831,908,1735,1785]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">70–80, 76</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBEAAB895FB89BC8F" box="[948,1026,1735,1785]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">80–95, 89</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB937B895FB1BBC8F" box="[1065,1168,1735,1785]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">0.40–0.43, 0.41</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB9B7B895FA84BC8F" box="[1193,1295,1735,1785]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">3.05–3.36, 3.20</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB836B895FA05BC8F" box="[1320,1422,1735,1785]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">4.70–4.95, 4.85</td>
</tr>
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81B95EFA05BD48" box="[159,1422,1804,1854]" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81B95EFF6BBD48" box="[159,224,1804,1854]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">p2</th>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBDE4B95EFEDFBD48" box="[250,340,1804,1854]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">550–650, 605</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBC73B95EFE43BD48" box="[365,456,1804,1854]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">525–600, 563</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBCC1B95EFDB2BD48" box="[479,569,1804,1854]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">160–190, 176</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBF4AB95EFD25BD48" box="[596,686,1804,1854]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">80–100, 88</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBFD4B95EFCAFBD48" box="[714,804,1804,1854]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">70–80, 76</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBE21B95EFC07BD48" box="[831,908,1804,1854]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">50–60, 57</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBEAAB95EFB89BD48" box="[948,1026,1804,1854]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">80–85, 81</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB937B95EFB1BBD48" box="[1065,1168,1804,1854]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">0.30–0.32, 0.31</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB9B7B95EFA84BD48" box="[1193,1295,1804,1854]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">4.05–5.05, 4.46</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB836B95EFA05BD48" box="[1320,1422,1804,1854]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">6.47–6.75, 6.64</td>
</tr>
<tr id="98F3C3020C08DC9EBD81B903FA05BDF2" box="[159,1422,1873,1924]" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<th id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBD81B903FF6BBDF2" box="[159,224,1873,1924]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">p3</th>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBDE4B903FEDFBDF2" box="[250,340,1873,1924]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">600–720, 661</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBC73B903FE43BDF2" box="[365,456,1873,1924]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">580–690, 653</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBCC1B903FDB2BDF2" box="[479,569,1873,1924]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">230–260, 252</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBF4AB903FD25BDF2" box="[596,686,1873,1924]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">115–130, 122</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBFD4B903FCAFBDF2" box="[714,804,1873,1924]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">110–130, 124</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBE21B903FC07BDF2" box="[831,908,1873,1924]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">65–80, 74</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EBEAAB903FB89BDF2" box="[948,1026,1873,1924]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">65–90, 82</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB937B903FB1BBDF2" box="[1065,1168,1873,1924]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">0.38–0.40, 0.39</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB9B7B903FA84BDF2" box="[1193,1295,1873,1924]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">3.79–3.97, 3.90</td>
<td id="DB22AA7E0C08DC9EB836B903FA05BDF2" box="[1320,1422,1873,1924]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">5.02–5.42, 5.21</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BECAFA92BB6A" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BECAFED3BAD9" box="[201,344,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BC76BEC5FE37BAD9" box="[360,444,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–14" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[241,1324,211,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-42@5.[225,1360,193,1962]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 10–14. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., genital structures. 10: male hypopygium; 11: apex of gonostylus; 12: female genitalia, ventral; 13: apodeme lobe; 14: female apical tergites, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251758" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251758/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Mated males with a hypopygium inversum, with torsion at abdominal tergites 6 and 7 (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BD81BEEEFF72BAA2" box="[159,249,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–28" captionStartId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-81@8.[226,1361,151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24–28. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov. and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with Diamorpha smallii); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 330–390, 373 µm long; gonostylus 168–180, 174 µm long. Transverse sternapodeme 130–168, 154 µm wide (7); phallapodeme 148–170, 161 µm long (7). Laterosternite IX with 8–16, 13 setae; tergite X with 18–35, 24 setae. Megaseta placed subapicoventrally on gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BEFABF56FBBEBB6A" box="[996,1077,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–14" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[241,1324,211,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-42@5.[225,1360,193,1962]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 10–14. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., genital structures. 10: male hypopygium; 11: apex of gonostylus; 12: female genitalia, ventral; 13: apodeme lobe; 14: female apical tergites, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251758" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251758/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
), 8–13, 12 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BF75FE35BB49" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,446,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BF75FE35BB49" box="[201,446,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BF75FEE8BB36" bold="true" box="[201,355,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Adult female</emphasis>
(n = 5).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BF1EFE59BB12" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,466,332,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BF1EFECFBB12" box="[201,324,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Coloration</emphasis>
. As in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BF22FD2DBBDA" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BF22FE27BBFE" box="[201,428,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">General dimensions</emphasis>
. Thorax 0.64–0.81, 0.71 mm; abdomen 1.68–2.80, 2.25 mm; total 2.32–3.61, 2.96 mm; wing 265–315 µm long, 105–140 µm wide (3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BFEAFF65B8F2" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BFEAFE8DBBA6" box="[201,262,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Head</emphasis>
. Eyes well separated. Temporal setae 5–11, 9; clypeal setae 3–7, 6: cibarial sensilla 9–14, 12. Tentorium 125–173, 143 µm long (4), 15–18, 17 µm wide. Stipes weakly developed, 88–100 µm long (3), 33–35 µm wide (3). Antennae with 5–6 flagellomeres, ultimate flagellomere 60–88, 76 µm long. AR 0.38–0.55, 0.46. Maxillary palp with 4 palpomeres (
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C0B2363BC65BC76FD9CB84A" box="[379,535,548,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
with palpomeres 3 and 4 fused; see Remarks); lengths (in µm) of palpomeres 1–4: 33 (3); 35–38 (3); 63–65 (2); 48–65 (2). Palpomere 3 with sensillum coeloconicum with about 12 sensilla clavata.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BCC2FCDBB8BA" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BCC2FE91B8DE" box="[201,282,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Thorax</emphasis>
. Acrostichal setae in numerous rows. Setae: antepronotals 3–6, 4; acrostichals 18–25, 22; dorsocentrals 6–13, 9; scutellars 3–6, 4; prealars 2–3, 3. Scutellum obsolete.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BC8AFBBDB899" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,1078,727,751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BC8AFE88B899" box="[201,259,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Wing</emphasis>
. As in male. Brachiolum with 1–3, 2 setae; R complex with 2–8, 5 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BCAFFD6CB909" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BCAFFF75B962" box="[201,254,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Legs</emphasis>
. Lengths and ratios in 
<tableCitation id="6B41F4FB0C0B2363BF10BCAEFDEEB962" box="[526,613,764,788]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,235,1338,1361]" captionText="TABLE 1. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., leg measurements and ratios." pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Fore tibial spur simple, sinuate, sometimes with minute spinulae near base; 40–50, 45 µm long. Mid and hind tibial spurs simple, straight; mid tibial spurs 33–43, 38 and 18–23, 20 µm long; hind tibial spurs 40–45, 41 and 2 12–18, 16 µm long. Pseudospurs absent. Hind tibial comb with 7–10, 8 spines. Sensilla chaetica absent. Tarsal claws simple.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BDDEFE0DBE79" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BDDEFEB8B9D2" box="[201,307,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BC5DBDDEFE1CB9D2" box="[323,407,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–14" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[241,1324,211,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-42@5.[225,1360,193,1962]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 10–14. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., genital structures. 10: male hypopygium; 11: apex of gonostylus; 12: female genitalia, ventral; 13: apodeme lobe; 14: female apical tergites, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251758" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251758/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Sternite VIII with 15–27, 20 long setae; gonocoxite IX with 13–23, 16 long setae; tergite IX (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BDDABDFDFE9DB9B1" box="[196,278,943,967]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–14" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[241,1324,211,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-42@5.[225,1360,193,1962]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 10–14. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., genital structures. 10: male hypopygium; 11: apex of gonostylus; 12: female genitalia, ventral; 13: apodeme lobe; 14: female apical tergites, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251758" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251758/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) with 22–30, 25 long setae. Notum 190–215, 201 µm long from base to bifurcation. Seminal capsules and neck sclerotized, 130–185, 164 µm (4) long. Apodeme lobe as in 
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BEABBD86FB89B99A" box="[949,1026,980,1004]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–14" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[241,1324,211,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-42@5.[225,1360,193,1962]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 10–14. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., genital structures. 10: male hypopygium; 11: apex of gonostylus; 12: female genitalia, ventral; 13: apodeme lobe; 14: female apical tergites, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251758" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251758/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig 13</figureCitation>
. Cercus 98–105, 101 µm long, with 27–36, 30 long setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BA4EFEE4BE42" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,367,1052,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BA4EFE8CBE42" bold="true" box="[201,263,1052,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pupa</emphasis>
(n = 10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BA12FDB2BE21" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,569,1087,1112]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BA12FECFBE2E" box="[201,324,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Coloration</emphasis>
. Exuviae pale brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BA36FB0CBED6" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BA36FE3ABE0A" box="[201,433,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">General dimensions</emphasis>
. Cephalothorax 0.66–1.10, 0.87 mm (6); wing sheath 670–945, 832 µm; abdomen 2.48–3.26, 2.88 mm; anal lobe 300–470, 364 µm (9); total length 3.38–4.00, 3.67 mm (6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BAFEFE43BF0D" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BAFEFEFABEB2" box="[201,369,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Cephalothorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BC9FBAFEFE5EBEB2" box="[385,469,1196,1220]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,272,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-48@6.[151,1436,193,1986]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–19. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., pupa. 15: thorax, lateral; 16: head, lateral; 17: frontal apotome and prefrons; 18: tergite III; 19: tergite VIII and anal lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251760" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251760/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). With moderate rugosity anterodorsally; remainder, including wing sheath, relatively smooth. Head as in 
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BC6ABA82FDA8BE9E" box="[372,547,1232,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,272,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-48@6.[151,1436,193,1986]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–19. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., pupa. 15: thorax, lateral; 16: head, lateral; 17: frontal apotome and prefrons; 18: tergite III; 19: tergite VIII and anal lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251760" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251760/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figs. 16 and 17</figureCitation>
; with 3 pairs of very small setae on prefrons. Thoracic horn absent. Antepronotum with 2 stout setae, upper longer, 23–45, 35 µm (9) than lower, 23–33, 27 µm (8). Precorneal setae with anterior seta longer, 28–40, 34 µm (7), than subequal posterior 2 setae, 23–33, 25 µm (7). With 3 dorsocentral setae, arranged in ascending row or in triangle, 20–33, 28 µm (6). Distance from Dc 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C0B2363B93DBB19FBA0BF2F" attach="left" box="[1059,1067,1355,1369]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">1</subScript>
to Dc 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C0B2363B96BBB19FBF6BF2F" attach="left" box="[1141,1149,1355,1369]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">2</subScript>
15–30, 23 (7) µm; from Dc 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C0B2363BDA9BB20FF34BFF6" attach="left" box="[183,191,1394,1408]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">2</subScript>
–Dc 
<subScript id="BA47C3050C0B2363BDF0BB20FF7DBFF6" attach="left" box="[238,246,1394,1408]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">3</subScript>
18–36, 25 (7) µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7BBDBFCA3BC7B" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7BBDBFEB8BFD7" box="[201,307,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Tergites (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BCB4BBDBFE70BFD7" box="[426,507,1417,1441]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,272,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-48@6.[151,1436,193,1986]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–19. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., pupa. 15: thorax, lateral; 16: head, lateral; 17: frontal apotome and prefrons; 18: tergite III; 19: tergite VIII and anal lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251760" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251760/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) and sternites mostly covered with strong shagreen spinules, reduced on T I and S I. T I and VIII with 1 small lateral seta, T II–VII with 3 small lateral setae. T I–VII with 2 pairs D setae, T VIII with 1 pair. S I and VIII with 1 pair V setae, S II–VII with 3 pairs V setae. Anal lobe (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363B922BB83FB04BF9F" box="[1084,1167,1489,1513]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,272,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-48@6.[151,1436,193,1986]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–19. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., pupa. 15: thorax, lateral; 16: head, lateral; 17: frontal apotome and prefrons; 18: tergite III; 19: tergite VIII and anal lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251760" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251760/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
) without setal fringe or macrosetae; with 3 pairs very small (~18 µm) dorsal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7B84BFD9CBC47" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,535,1561,1586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7B84BFD9CBC47" box="[201,535,1561,1586]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7B84BFE24BC47" bold="true" box="[201,431,1561,1586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fourth instar larva</emphasis>
(n = 10).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7B86CFCF5BC20" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,894,1597,1622]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7B86CFECFBC20" box="[201,324,1598,1622]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Coloration</emphasis>
. Head capsule light brown, body (in alcohol) gray.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7B836FB8EBC0A" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" box="[201,1029,1633,1660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7B836FE21BC0A" box="[201,426,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">General dimensions</emphasis>
. Small larvae, total length of 4 
<superScript id="D1B66C080C0B2363BE1AB833FC9BBC19" attach="left" box="[772,784,1633,1647]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">th</superScript>
instar about 
<quantity id="E13B6CA50C0B2363BEBCB836FB8ABC0A" box="[930,1025,1636,1660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7B8DAFF35BDD4" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7B8DAFE8DBCD6" box="[201,262,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Head</emphasis>
. Head capsule length 295–370, 338 (7) µm. Postmentum length 13–155, 139 µm. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363B814B8DAFAD0BCD6" box="[1290,1371,1672,1696]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–23" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[211,1392,218,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-29@7.[180,1416,193,1965]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–23. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., larva. 20: antenna, 21: premandible, 22: mandible, 23: mentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
) with 5 antennomeres, lengths (in µm, 1–5): 30–36, 33; 17–22, 20; 3; 3–4, 4; 2. AR 0.86–1.06, 0.99. 1 
<superScript id="D1B66C080C0B2363B9E9B8FEFA8ABCCC" attach="left" box="[1271,1281,1708,1722]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">st</superScript>
antennomere 19–23, 21 µm wide; antennal blade 26–34, 31 µm long (9), extending to 4 
<superScript id="D1B66C080C0B2363BEFAB881FC7BBC97" attach="left" box="[996,1008,1747,1761]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">th</superScript>
antennomere. Style 3–4 (2) µm long. Premandible (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363BC2DB8A8FE0FBD64" box="[307,388,1786,1810]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–23" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[211,1392,218,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-29@7.[180,1416,193,1965]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–23. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., larva. 20: antenna, 21: premandible, 22: mandible, 23: mentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
) 80–90, 83 µm long, with 1 apical tooth, one broad and one small inner tooth. Mandible (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363B870B8A8FF3FBD40" captionStart="FIGURES 20–23" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[211,1392,218,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-29@7.[180,1416,193,1965]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–23. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., larva. 20: antenna, 21: premandible, 22: mandible, 23: mentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
) 120–155, 144 µm long, with 3 inner teeth; seta subdentalis and seat interna absent. Mentum (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C0B2363B9CDB94CFAAFBD40" box="[1235,1316,1822,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–23" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[211,1392,218,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-29@7.[180,1416,193,1965]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20–23. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., larva. 20: antenna, 21: premandible, 22: mandible, 23: mentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
) 100–125, 116 (9) µm wide, with 2 broad, well separated median teeth and 5 pairs of lateral teeth, last tooth reduced and set back posteriorly. Ventromental plates lobate, extending to or just past outer margin of mentum, 25–30, 29 µm wide (9).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0B2363BDD7B9FCFDFCBD9C" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0B2363BDD7B9FCFE8ABDB0" box="[201,257,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Body</emphasis>
. Anterior parapods reduced, fused, with rows of small spinules. Procerci and anal setae absent. Posterior parapods each with about 10 simple claws.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="72BC91C80C0A2362BD89B96BFBD4BD18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" startId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" targetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0A2362BD89B96BFBD4BD18" blockId="3.[151,1436,1849,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0A2362BD89B96BFEB6BD26" bold="true" box="[151,317,1849,1872]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C0A2362BC58B96BFD43BD39" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[326,712,1849,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0A2362BC58B96BFD43BD39" box="[326,712,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0A2362BFCCB96BFCAEBD38" bold="true" box="[722,805,1849,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C0A2362BFCCB96BFCAEBD38" box="[722,805,1849,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="72BC91C80C0D2365BD89B9C3FE6ABDB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251756" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5251756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251756/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" startId="4.[151,263,1937,1960]" targetBox="[195,1375,205,1870]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0D2365BD89B9C3FE6ABDB0" blockId="4.[151,1436,1937,1990]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0D2365BD89B9C3FEB6BDDE" bold="true" box="[151,317,1937,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURES 7–9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C0D2365BC5BB9C3FD4DBDD1" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[325,710,1937,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0D2365BC5BB9C3FD4DBDD1" box="[325,710,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0D2365BFD1B9C0FCA9BDD1" bold="true" box="[719,802,1938,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C0D2365BFD1B9C0FCA9BDD1" box="[719,802,1938,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male. 7: fore tibia, apex; 8: hind tibia, apex; 9: legs, left to right: fore leg, mid leg, hind leg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="72BC91C80C0C2364BD89B9E0FB9ABD9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251758" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5251758" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251758/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" startId="5.[151,263,1970,1993]" targetBox="[241,1324,211,1944]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0C2364BD89B9E0FB9ABD9E" blockId="5.[151,1436,1970,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0C2364BD89B9E0FED8BDBF" bold="true" box="[151,339,1970,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 10–14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C0C2364BC47B9E1FD53BDBF" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[345,728,1971,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0C2364BC47B9E1FD53BDBF" box="[345,728,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0C2364BFC0B9E1FCA5BDBE" bold="true" box="[734,814,1971,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C0C2364BFC0B9E1FCA5BDBE" box="[734,814,1971,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, genital structures. 10: male hypopygium; 11: apex of gonostylus; 12: female genitalia, ventral; 13: apodeme lobe; 14: female apical tergites, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="72BC91C80C0F2367BD89B9CDFC95BDA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251760" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5251760" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251760/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" startId="6.[151,264,1951,1974]" targetBox="[251,1336,272,1884]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0F2367BD89B9CDFC95BDA2" blockId="6.[151,1436,1951,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0F2367BD89B9CDFEDEBDC0" bold="true" box="[151,341,1951,1974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">FIGURES 15–19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C0F2367BC42B9F2FD56BDC0" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[348,733,1952,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0F2367BC42B9F2FD56BDC0" box="[348,733,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0F2367BFFAB9F2FCBDBDC3" bold="true" box="[740,822,1952,1973]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C0F2367BFFAB9F2FCBDBDC3" box="[740,822,1952,1973]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, pupa. 15: thorax, lateral; 16: head, lateral; 17: frontal apotome and prefrons; 18: tergite III; 19: tergite VIII and anal lobe.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="72BC91C80C0E2366BD89B9E1FF4EBD9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251762" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5251762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251762/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" startId="7.[151,264,1971,1994]" targetBox="[211,1392,218,1935]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C0E2366BD89B9E1FF4EBD9E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1971,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0E2366BD89B9E1FEDFBDBC" bold="true" box="[151,340,1971,1994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">FIGURES 20–23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C0E2366BC44B9E6FD52BDBC" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[346,729,1972,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0E2366BC44B9E6FD52BDBC" box="[346,729,1972,1994]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="14B71D520C0E2366BFC1B9E6FCA4BDBF" bold="true" box="[735,815,1972,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C0E2366BFC1B9E6FCA4BDBF" box="[735,815,1972,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, larva. 20: antenna, 21: premandible, 22: mandible, 23: mentum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="72BC91C80C012369BD89B93CFE18BD96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" startId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" targetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C012369BD89B93CFE18BD96" blockId="8.[151,1436,1902,2016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C012369BD89B93CFEDEBDF3" bold="true" box="[151,341,1902,1925]" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">FIGURES 24–28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C012369BC42B93CFD50BDF2" authority="Epler, 2012" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[348,731,1902,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C012369BC42B93CFD50BDF2" box="[348,731,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="14B71D520C012369BFFDB93DFCBFBDF2" bold="true" box="[739,820,1903,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F84A0290C012369BFFDB93DFCBFBDF2" box="[739,820,1903,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C012369BCEAB9DFFD3FBDD5" box="[500,692,1933,1955]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Diamorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="smallii">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C012369BCEAB9DFFD3FBDD5" box="[500,692,1933,1955]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">Diamorpha smallii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="6ED992CB0C002368BDD9BECAFDEEBA81" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD9BECAFDEEBA81" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BDD9BECAFEC6BAD9" box="[199,333,152,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BDD9BECAFECDBAC6" bold="true" box="[199,326,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Etymology</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
the name 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BCC2BECAFD28BAC6" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[476,675,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BCC2BECAFD28BAC6" box="[476,675,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an anagram for Christiane (“Chrissie”) Scott, and Charles (“Chuck”) Scheihing; sister and cousin, respectively, of Susan Lautenbacher, who provided partial funding for this research. It is a noun in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6ED992CB0C002368BDD9BF56FB61BBDA" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD9BF56FB61BBDA" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BDD9BF56FEFFBB6A" bold="true" box="[199,372,259,284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="96ABCB1D0C002368BC65BF56FDA7BB12" collectingDate="2010-12-08" collectorName="Giff Beaton &amp; Malcolm Hodges." country="United States of America" county="Columbia County" location="Heggie's Rock Preserve" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="F9787FE20C002368BC65BF56FE68BB6A" box="[379,483,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male (undissected, but cleared, slide-mounted (Euparal) specimen): 
<collectingCountry id="5ED481D00C002368B9FFBF56FABBBB6A" box="[1249,1328,260,284]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
, Georgia, 
<collectingCounty id="CF1DB9CC0C002368BD89BF75FEE8BB49" box="[151,355,295,319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Columbia County</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="231C979B0C002368BC6CBF75FD0FBB49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE6A70560C082368BD89BE8CFB7ABD3A:231C979B0C002368BC6CBF75FD0FBB49" box="[370,644,295,319]" country="United States of America" county="Columbia County" name="Heggie's Rock Preserve" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Heggie's Rock Preserve</location>
(The Nature Conservancy), 33.543472˚N, 82.255768˚W, 
<date id="527DE7800C002368B83DBF75FA13BB49" box="[1315,1432,295,319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" value="2010-12-08">
<collectingDate id="42391E680C002368B83DBF75FA13BB49" box="[1315,1432,295,319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" value="2010-12-08">8.xii.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
; leg. 
<collectorName id="8B36A4960C002368BDD7BF1EFED8BB15" box="[201,339,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Giff Beaton</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="8B36A4960C002368BC7EBF1EFDA7BB12" box="[352,556,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Malcolm Hodges.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="96ABCB1D0C002368BF2ABF1EFEC7BBFE" collectingDate="2010-12-08" collectorName="Giff Beaton &amp; Malcolm Hodges." country="United States of America" county="Columbia County" location="Heggie's Rock Preserve" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="F9787FE20C002368BF2ABF1EFD2EBB12" box="[564,677,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BFACBF1EFC86BB12" box="[690,781,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BE05BF1EFC07BB12" box="[795,908,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BE84BF1EFC76BB12" box="[922,1021,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
pupa, same data as holotype. Additional 
<typeStatus id="F9787FE20C002368BDC3BF22FEC7BBFE" box="[221,332,368,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
: 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BC48BF3DFE36BBF1" box="[342,445,367,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="male">80 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BCD6BF3DFDCFBBF1" box="[456,580,367,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="female">48 females</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BF51BF3DFD2CBBF1" box="[591,679,367,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="male">24 male</specimenCount>
pupae, 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BFE0BF3DFCE7BBF1" box="[766,876,367,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="female">70 female</specimenCount>
pupae, 
<materialsCitation id="96ABCB1D0C002368BEDDBF3DFBDBBBF1" box="[963,1104,367,391]" country="United States of America" location="Pex" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="28" specimenCount-male="28" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BEDDBF3DFB97BBF1" box="[963,1052,367,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="male">28 male</specimenCount>
<location id="231C979B0C002368B93DBF22FBDBBBF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE6A70560C082368BD89BE8CFB7ABD3A:231C979B0C002368B93DBF22FBDBBBF1" box="[1059,1104,368,391]" country="United States of America" name="Pex" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Pex</location>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="96ABCB1D0C002368B944BF3DFB77BBF1" box="[1114,1276,367,391]" country="United States of America" location="Pex" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="47" specimenCount-female="47" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368B944BF3DFB43BBF1" box="[1114,1224,367,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="female">47 female</specimenCount>
<location id="231C979B0C002368B9D1BF22FB77BBF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE6A70560C082368BD89BE8CFB7ABD3A:231C979B0C002368B9D1BF22FB77BBF1" box="[1231,1276,368,391]" country="United States of America" name="Pex" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Pex</location>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="96ABCB1D0C002368B818BF3DFB61BBDA" collectingDate="1997-12-05" collectorName="J. D. Spooner." country="United States of America" county="Columbia County" location="Lex" municipality="Heggie's Rock Preserve" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="71" specimenCount-larva="71" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368B818BF3DFAE6BBF1" box="[1286,1389,367,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="larva">71 larvae</specimenCount>
and 45 
<location id="231C979B0C002368BDA4BFC6FF61BBDD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE6A70560C082368BD89BE8CFB7ABD3A:231C979B0C002368BDA4BFC6FF61BBDD" box="[186,234,404,427]" country="United States of America" county="Columbia County" municipality="Heggie's Rock Preserve" name="Lex" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Lex</location>
: 
<collectingCountry id="5ED481D00C002368BDEABFC6FEC8BBDA" box="[244,323,404,428]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
, Georgia, 
<collectingCounty id="CF1DB9CC0C002368BCA9BFC6FDF4BBDA" box="[439,639,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Columbia County</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="C6185B3A0C002368BF95BFC6FC13BBDD" box="[651,920,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Heggie's Rock Preserve</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<date id="527DE7800C002368BEBDBFC6FB9DBBDA" box="[931,1046,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" value="1997-12-05">
<collectingDate id="42391E680C002368BEBDBFC6FB9DBBDA" box="[931,1046,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" value="1997-12-05">5.xii.1997</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg. 
<collectorName id="8B36A4960C002368B94DBFC6FB61BBDA" box="[1107,1258,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">J.D. Spooner.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6ED992CB0C002368BDD9BFEAFB7ABD3A" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD9BFEAFDBDB941" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BDD9BFEAFEB0BBA6" bold="true" box="[199,315,440,464]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BC5FBFEAFD63BBA6" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[321,744,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BC5FBFEAFD63BBA6" box="[321,744,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
adults display several character states that are often present in ground-dwelling flies - reduced antennae (in the male), strongly reduced wings, an obsolete scutellum, long legs and a hypopygium inversum. Antennae of males and females have 5–6 flagellomeres. In males the ultimate and penultimate antennomeres are sometimes partially fused; 
<specimenCount id="30C50AC90C002368BE3DBC76FC36B84A" box="[803,957,548,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
was examined with only 2 antennomeres; this resulted in an AR of 0.86; otherwise the AR range ran from 0.34 to 0.55. In females the basal 2 flagellomeres are sometimes fused, or the ultimate and penultimate antennomeres are sometimes partially fused. Maxillary palpomeres 3 and 4 may be fused. In a female with palpomeres 3 and 4 fused, the total length of the two was 0.95 µm. The scutellum is very reduced, indicated by a swollen saddle-like area, and appears similar, but more reduced, to that illustrated for brachypterous 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BF0ABC8AFC96B899" authority="Roback" authorityName="Roback" authorityYear="1957" box="[532,797,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Diamesa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leona">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BF0ABC8AFD34B886" box="[532,703,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Diamesa leona</emphasis>
Roback
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="4252BCB10C002368BE55BC8AFBD9B899" author="Hansen, D. C. &amp; Cook, E. F." box="[843,1106,727,751]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 203" refId="ref4428" refString="Hansen, D. C. &amp; Cook, E. F. (1976) The systematics and morphology of the Nearctic species of Diamesa Meigen, 1835 (Diptera: Chironomidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 30, 1 - 203." type="journal article" year="1976">Hansen &amp; Cook (1976</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 76). What I have interpreted as the pleural wing process, located on the thorax at the base of the wing, is well developed, bearing from one to three minuscule setae (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C002368BCFDBD4DFDAEB941" box="[483,549,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,212,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-47@3.[151,1436,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov., male. 1: head and thorax, lateral (holotype); 2: antenna; 3: frontal view of head; 4: tentorium, stipes and cibarial pump; 5: maxillary palpomere 3; 6: wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251754/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD7BD16FAE8B9D5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
Male pupal antennal sheaths are reduced in accordance with the shortened, female-like antennae, but wing sheaths of males and females are fully developed, despite the adult brachyptery. The prefrons bears 3 pairs of very small setae, unknown in other species of 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BF7DBDDEFCB6B9D2" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[611,829,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BF7DBDDEFCB6B9D2" box="[611,829,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Bryophaenocladius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Larvae appear to be typical 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368B99DBDDEFAD6B9D2" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[1155,1373,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368B99DBDDEFAD6B9D2" box="[1155,1373,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Bryophaenocladius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD9BDE2FE04B99A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BDD9BDE2FE0EB9BE" bold="true" box="[199,389,943,968]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Natural history.</emphasis>
The following information is taken from notes supplied by Dr. John D. Spooner, Giff Beaton and Malcolm Hodges.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD7BDAAFAAFBF46" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BDD7BDAAFDF8BE66" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[201,627,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BDD7BDAAFDF8BE66" box="[201,627,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently known only from several small ephemeral pools on Heggie’s Rock. Heggie's Rock is an area protected by The Nature Conservancy, with an approximate area of 57 hectares. It is one of several outcrops of porphyritic granite associated with the Appling pluton, an oval formation about 
<quantity id="E13B6CA50C002368BD89BA36FF56BE0A" box="[151,221,1124,1148]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
by 
<quantity id="E13B6CA50C002368BC18BA36FEB4BE0A" box="[262,319,1124,1148]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
entirely within Columbia County, 
<collectingCountry id="5ED481D00C002368BFDABA36FCABBE0A" box="[708,800,1124,1148]" name="Georgia" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Georgia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="5ED481D00C002368BE32BA36FCF2BE0A" box="[812,889,1124,1148]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
It is the only large outcropping of this formation that has not been quarried; note that the midge was observed at neighboring rocks outcrops in the past, but these have been developed or quarried and it is unknown whether they still exist there. The outcrop is a mosaic of lichen- and moss-covered rock and shallow-soil woodlands dominated by 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BE95BA82FBFEBE91" box="[907,1141,1232,1255]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginiana">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BE95BA82FBFEBE91" box="[907,1141,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Juniperus virginiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368B9BABA82FAA1BE9E" box="[1188,1322,1232,1256]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taeda">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368B9BABA82FAA1BE9E" box="[1188,1322,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Pinus taeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368B844BA82FE8ABF7A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368B844BA82FE8ABF7A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Quercus nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. and 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BC42BAA6FDB4BF7A" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." box="[348,575,1268,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BC42BAA6FE6DBF7A" box="[348,486,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Ulmus alata</emphasis>
Michx.
</taxonomicName>
, with well developed shrub and herb layers dominated by 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368B9C0BAA7FEE4BF46" authority="(Michx.) Poir" authorityName="Poir" baseAuthorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Forestiera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ligustrina">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368B9C0BAA7FF45BF59" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Forestiera ligustrina</emphasis>
(Michx.) Poir
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BC64BB4AFDF1BF59" box="[378,634,1304,1328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginicus">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BC64BB4AFDF1BF59" box="[378,634,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Andropogon virginicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. and 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BFCEBB4AFC2BBF59" authorityName="P. Beauvois ex Roemer &amp; Schultes" authorityYear="1817" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[720,928,1304,1328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Danthonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spicata">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BFCEBB4AFC2BBF59" box="[720,928,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Danthonia spicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. &amp; Schult.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD7BB6EFB88BC7E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
Several shallow pools of water, termed “dish gardens”, are present on Heggie’s Rock (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C002368B9BEBB6EFB7EBF22" box="[1184,1269,1340,1364]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–28" captionStartId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-81@8.[226,1361,151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24–28. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov. and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with Diamorpha smallii); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
); the pools are ephemeral and dry for long periods in the Summer and Fall. These pools are home to endangered plants such as pool sprite (
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BC36BBD6FDFCBFEA" authority="Torrey" authorityName="Torrey" authorityYear="1837" box="[296,631,1412,1436]" class="Anthozoa" family="Amphianthidae" genus="Amphianthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BC36BBD6FD94BFEA" box="[296,543,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Amphianthus pusillus</emphasis>
Torrey
</taxonomicName>
) and the mat-forming quillwort (
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368B91DBBD7FAB4BFEA" authority="Rury" authorityName="Rury" box="[1027,1343,1412,1436]" class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Isoetaceae" genus="Isoetes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Isoetales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tegetiformans">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368B91DBBD7FB7CBFEA" box="[1027,1271,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Isoetes tegetiformans</emphasis>
Rury
</taxonomicName>
), which grows in only one pool at the site. Also found in the pools are elf orpine (
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BED9BBFAFB78BFB6" authority="Britton" authorityName="Britton" box="[967,1267,1448,1472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Diamorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="smallii">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BED9BBFAFB10BFB6" box="[967,1179,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Diamorpha smallii</emphasis>
Britton
</taxonomicName>
) and Piedmont quillwort, 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BC15BB9FFCAABF92" authority="(N. E. Pfeiffer) C. F. Reed." authorityName="C. F. Reed." baseAuthorityName="N. E. Pfeiffer" box="[267,801,1484,1508]" class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Isoetaceae" genus="Isoetes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Isoetales" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="piedmontana">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BC15BB9FFE7ABF92" box="[267,497,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Isoetes piedmontana</emphasis>
(N. E. Pfeiffer) C. F. Reed.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BE39BB9EFB45BF92" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[807,1230,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BE39BB9EFB45BF92" box="[807,1230,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae are detritus feeders on the pool bottoms where they form detritus tubes in which they live.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267CC1400C002368BDD7B846FB7ABD3A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">
Adult 
<taxonomicName id="E1C3BAC30C002368BC11B847FE7FBC5A" authorityName="Epler" authorityYear="2012" box="[271,500,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Bryophaenocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrissichuckorum">
<emphasis id="14B71D520C002368BC11B847FE7FBC5A" box="[271,500,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">B. chrissichuckorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
emerge during a 6–8 week period from mid November to mid January; they emerge from different pools at different times. Since the pools are ephemeral, mating may be timed with rainfall events. Adults were found in pools with water and in pools that were mostly dried up, with little but damp soil remaining. Males tend to emerge before females. Emergence was observed on a cloudy day with the air temperature below 0˚ C, with adults moving swiftly over the rock and water surfaces. Males circle around pre-emergent females and may form a ball around a female (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C002368BCC4B89AFDA5BC96" box="[474,558,1736,1760]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–28" captionStartId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-81@8.[226,1361,151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24–28. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov. and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with Diamorpha smallii); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
). Mating begins with the male on top; once the female is clasped with the male genitalia, the male twists around to face the opposite direction and the hypopygium inverts (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C002368B9BBB8BEFB72BD72" box="[1189,1273,1772,1796]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–28" captionStartId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-81@8.[226,1361,151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24–28. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov. and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with Diamorpha smallii); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
). Post-copulatory males end up with the hypopygium permanently inverted (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C002368BE75B942FC4ABD5E" box="[875,961,1808,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–28" captionStartId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-81@8.[226,1361,151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24–28. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov. and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with Diamorpha smallii); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
). Males will attempt copulation with preemergent female pupae (
<figureCitation id="BEF8DDC50C002368BCB5B966FE74BD3A" box="[427,511,1844,1868]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–28" captionStartId="8.[151,263,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[256,1329,186,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-81@8.[226,1361,151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 24–28. Bryophaenocladius chrissichuckorum sp. nov. and its habitat. 24: Heggie’s Rock, 17 March 2008 (reddish areas are shallow pools filled with Diamorpha smallii); 25: adult male (note hypopygium inversum); 26: “mating ball” of males surrounding female; 27: male and female in copula; 28: male copulating with female pupa (the pupa is on its dorsum). All photographs by Giff Beaton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5251764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5251764/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="60">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
). Unmated males were often observed trying to mount other males.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>