treatments-xml/data/4C/3D/87/4C3D87E8FFB66A09FF79975F1A79B7FA.xml

<document id="1D6BFCE45993B4B006394A064D517F91" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFB66A09FF79975F1A79B7FA" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hesperoptenus tickelli Blyth 1851" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="835" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="835" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
<mods:mods id="7934CB6A4E932BD54055D8387B4EAF77" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="30A4DE20D3507C8E8E119F9D0AFAEF46">
<mods:title id="EFCD77CE05C33D48E996B44843FFE98B">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="55C636E08BFA7B5746F919CCBBF64F73" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9B08BFB8EFA9C0381B9D021C8A7559E5">
<mods:roleTerm id="87F579D3BE183510CEBFC3E466480F4D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EB8035D88AA5127E102B74F52C3D03B6">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0E2E89CBB85D7425E28040C43A238637" type="personal">
<mods:role id="31DA4FF83D7E7873BE83E615FAE2D3F9">
<mods:roleTerm id="0AEEFC5969CA4E9695604241FAC3F63B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="44106B89170275A49FE273C5DD5B661D">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="895F658A9105F966D8FEE8FE98AB6E25">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="4CC44DE3F149EA4CBA36A3446B6086C0" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="710861E99FCAA76C50B111C01E529828">
<mods:dateIssued id="4D9175392996D2AD0A182AB743A32182">2019</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:dateOther id="090A53A9A387F06BA882D52D5026C216" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
<mods:publisher id="1D61CF425DE8C538A50E48019DE586EC">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="F3CE0807C4107D8CE8F2BF04A0F9AC38">
<mods:placeTerm id="EBCEAA96E1228C892D14C996D9FB3767">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="CC4FB9E52988F820808381CD5BD6EBAA">
<mods:title id="927BF7BBD6E17A396E5D2E410CAFA04F">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CDD0268E5A6077BBFBFA2BF12433ED58">
<mods:extent id="3D7C2EEE27F04F81406480DDCB85780E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2F2BA9B76281ECA6A67823532D8AE686">716</mods:start>
<mods:end id="33BE6F98C063D8B4033DD502B869A656">981</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="1A9695B55495439E8A456C55CB5A3FF3">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C86EAE7AC856988E522889A78E3DE56C" type="CLB-Dataset">56755</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6AEE3CDCF67C3FEF8B6A01533A81488B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BE6D0792C84C204EC468B6B5AF4D8981" type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="97906121A9DC48DA950A3F94C5083CAF" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A6C188A9EA38F1B4D5646A9576A31B29" type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="4C3D87E8FFB66A09FF79975F1A79B7FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6577826" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628347" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6577826" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFB66A09FF79975F1A79B7FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFB66A09FF79975F1A79B7FA" lastPageNumber="835" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF79975F1ED4BA0A" box="[133,212,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF79975F1ED4BA0A" blockId="77.[128,1156,262,392]" box="[133,212,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<heading id="9F638192FFB66A09FF79975F1ED4BA0A" box="[133,212,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFFB66A09FF79975F1ED4BA0A" box="[133,212,262,312]" captionStart="Plate 61: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="73.[138,158,3293,3335]" captionTargetBox="[12,2750,17,3657]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="144. Variegated Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris variegata), 145. Machado’s Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris machadoi), 146. Glen's Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris gleni), 147. Pied Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris superba), 148. Common Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris argentata), 149. Bibundi Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris egeria), 150. Abo Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris poensts), 151. Striped Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris alboguttata), 152. Beatrix’s Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris beatrix), 153. Curry’s Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris curryae), 154. Spotted Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris humeralis), 155. Blackish Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris atra), 156. Kenyan Butterfly Bat (Glauconycteris kenyacola), 157. Doria’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus doriae), 158. Tickell’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus tickelli), 159. Blanford’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus blanfordi), 160. Large False Serotine (Hesperoptenus tomesi), 161. Gaskell’s False Serotine (Hesperoptenus gaskelli), 162. Great Evening Bat (Ia io), 163. Harlequin Bat (Scotomanes ornatus), 164. Ruppell’s Broad-nosed Bat (Scoteanax rueppellii), 165. Northern Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens sanborni), 166. Little Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens greyii), 167. Inland Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens balstoni), 168. Eastern Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens orion), 169. Silver-haired Bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398521/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">158.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF18975F1CC0BA0A" box="[228,704,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF18975F1CC0BA0A" blockId="77.[128,1156,262,392]" box="[228,704,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<heading id="9F638192FFB66A09FF18975F1CC0BA0A" box="[228,704,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFB66A09FF18975F1CC0BA0A" ID-CoL="7VCZ4" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[228,704,262,312]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">Tickell’s False Serotine</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FCFB975F1A84BA0A" box="[775,1156,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FCFB975F1A84BA0A" blockId="77.[128,1156,262,392]" box="[775,1156,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<heading id="9F638192FFB66A09FCFB975F1A84BA0A" box="[775,1156,262,312]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FCFB975F1A84BA0A" ID-CoL="7VCZ4" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[775,1156,262,312]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FCFB975F1A84BA0A" box="[775,1156,262,312]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Hesperoptenus tickelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF7D97131FF2BAB5" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF7D97131A52BA6D" blockId="77.[128,1156,262,392]" box="[129,1106,330,351]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<heading id="9F638192FFB66A09FF7D97131A52BA6D" box="[129,1106,330,351]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF7D97131ECDBA6D" bold="true" box="[129,205,330,351]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFB66A09FF2997131F89BA6D" ID-CoL="7VCZ4" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[213,393,330,351]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">Sérotine de Tickell</vernacularName>
/ 
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FE6297131FF9BA6D" bold="true" box="[414,505,330,351]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFB66A09FE0297131CE9BA6D" ID-CoL="7VCZ4" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[510,745,330,351]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">Tickell-Scheinbreitfligel</vernacularName>
/ 
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FD0397131D5ABA6D" bold="true" box="[767,858,330,351]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFB66A09FC9897131A52BA6D" ID-CoL="7VCZ4" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[868,1106,330,351]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">Hesperopteno de Tickell</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF7C972B1FF2BAB5" blockId="77.[128,1156,262,392]" box="[128,498,370,391]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<heading id="9F638192FFB66A09FF7C972B1FF2BAB5" box="[128,498,370,391]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF7C972B1F78BAB5" bold="true" box="[128,376,370,391]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFB66A09FE81972B1FF2BAB5" ID-CoL="7VCZ4" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[381,498,370,391]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">Tickell's Bat</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FD1997E01B32BAE4" box="[741,1330,441,470]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FD1997E01B32BAE4" blockId="77.[740,1333,441,863]" box="[741,1330,441,470]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FD1997E01D80BAE4" bold="true" box="[741,896,441,470]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FC6A97E01B2DBAE4" ID-CoL="7W3ZN" authority="Blyth, 1851" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[918,1325,441,470]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nycticejus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">Nycticejus tickelli Blyth, 1851</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FD1A97851A6AB917" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FD1A97851A6AB917" blockId="77.[740,1333,441,863]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FFB66A09FD1A97851A6AB917" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319695" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FD1A97851D31BACF" box="[742,817,476,509]" name="India" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">India</collectingCountry>
. Restricted byJ. Anderson in 1881 to Chaibasa, 
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFB66A09FC9394551A0BB917" box="[879,1035,524,549]" country="India" name="Jharkhand" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Jharkhand</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FBE794551A66B917" box="[1051,1126,524,549]" name="India" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">India</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FD1A94761A85B86D" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FD1A94761B32B97E" blockId="77.[740,1333,441,863]" box="[742,1330,559,588]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
Subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FC7894761A49B97E" box="[900,1097,559,588]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">M ilithronycteris</taxonomicName>
(four species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FD19940A1A85B86D" blockId="77.[740,1333,441,863]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFB66A09FD19940A1D14B946" box="[741,788,595,628]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">See</collectingRegion>
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FCD8940A1D9AB946" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[804,922,595,628]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Vesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doriae">G. doriae</taxonomicName>
. T. Gorfol and colleagues in 2019 found that 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FC2394231A5FB9A9" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[991,1119,634,667]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">H. tickelli</taxonomicName>
clustered with 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FD1894FB1A04B9F1" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[740,1028,674,707]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eudiscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="denticulus">Eudiscopus denticulus</taxonomicName>
, a species associated with 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FCD394901DD5B9D8" authorityName="Ziegler" authorityYear="2003" box="[815,981,713,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Submyotodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Submyotodon</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FBD994901A79B9D8" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1061,1145,713,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
in subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FD1994AC1D69B820" authorityName="Tate" authorityYear="1942" box="[741,873,757,786]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myotinae">Myotinae</taxonomicName>
. Additional studies are needed to determine correct taxonomic placement of 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FCA095671DD9B86D" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1851" box="[860,985,830,863]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hesperoptenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tickelli">H. tickelli</taxonomicName>
. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF7C953F1B21B8E4" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="distribution">
<caption id="90EB6676FFB66A09FF7C953F1B21B8E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398101" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398101/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" targetBox="[125,717,451,864]" targetPageId="77">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF7C953F1B21B8E4" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF7C953F1F2FB8B5" bold="true" box="[128,303,870,903]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Distribution.</emphasis>
Widespread in S &amp; SE Asia, in 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FCF0953F1D55B8B5" box="[780,853,870,903]" name="India" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">India</collectingCountry>
(including Andaman Is), 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FB24953F1B2DB8B5" box="[1240,1325,870,903]" name="Nepal" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FF7C95CB1EE9B89D" box="[128,233,914,943]" name="Bhutan" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FF0095CB1FA0B89D" box="[252,416,914,943]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FE4895CB1C3EB89D" box="[436,574,914,943]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FDAC95CB1CD4B89D" box="[592,724,914,943]" name="Myanmar" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FD1A95CB1D67B89D" box="[742,871,914,943]" name="Thailand" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FC8695CB1DBCB89D" box="[890,956,914,943]" name="Laos" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Laos</collectingCountry>
, Vietham, and 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FB6795CB1B2DB89D" box="[1179,1325,914,943]" name="Cambodia" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
; it might occur in SW 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FE5095EC1C02B8E4" box="[428,514,949,982]" name="China" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">China</collectingCountry>
. It is probably more widespread than is currently known.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF8395B91AD4B315" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="description">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF8395B91AD4B315" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF8395B91F7DB8CF" bold="true" box="[127,381,992,1021]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 61-79 mm, tail 44-63 mm, ear 16-18 mm, hindfoot 9-14 mm, forearm 49-60 mm; weight 15-21 g. Tickell’s False Serotine is most similar in external appearance to 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FDD992721C99BF7E" box="[549,665,1067,1100]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eptesicus</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FD1F92721D71BF7E" box="[739,881,1067,1100]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scotophilus</taxonomicName>
. Pelage is moderately short and dense. Dorsum varies from light grayish yellow to bright golden brown, sometimes with rather rufous tinge to tips of hairs; hair bases are dark gray. Muzzle is broad and blunt, swollen at sides, and naked anteriorly. Forehead is broad and thickly haired. It has no pads on thumbs or feet; calcar has poorly developed lobe. Ears are yellowish brown, moderately large, thick, and fleshy. Anterior border is convex, and tip is broadly rounded. Tragus is about one-half the length of pinna and crescent-shaped, with rather blunt tip; antitragus is well developed and partly concealed by short fur. Wings are moderately broad and rather long (wingspan 374-416 mm). Forearms, metacarpals, and legs are naked and flesh-colored; membranes between them are black; and uropatagium is light reddish brown, darkening to almost black toward outer margin. Dark wings are marked with white, and there are very small friction pads on thumbs. Specimens from 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FE85905C1C05BD14" box="[377,517,1541,1574]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
and Andaman Islands are darker than those from the Indian mainland and are more reddish brown dorsally, especially posteriorly. They also average a little smaller than those from the mainland. Baculum has simple shaft that is deflected downward anteriorly, tip is not thickened, and base is expanded and bilobed. Skull is robust, with broad rostrum, and its breadth equals that of braincase; and postorbital region is sharply constricted toward postorbital constriction. Braincase is relatively narrow, with well-developed posterior sagittal crest and lambdoid crests. Narial emargination is V-shaped but with rounded apex. Palate is broad, and its postpalatal extension is short. Basisphenoid pits are deep and clearly defined. Zygomata are slender. Mandible is robust, with well-developed coronoid processes. I* is massive, canine-like, and unicuspid, with distinct cingulum. C' is robust and unicuspid. I’ is displaced inward, so that I* and C' are in contact. Lower incisors are tricuspidated and imbricated. Condylo-canine lengths are 17-2-19-6 mm, and maxillary tooth row lengths are 7-1-8-2 mm. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FNa = 46.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF829E6F1A3EB226" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF829E6F1A3EB226" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF829E6F1EEDB37D" bold="true" box="[126,237,2102,2127]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Habitat.</emphasis>
Deciduous and semideciduous forests, in lowlands, hills, and near seashores. In 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FF599E0C1F2BB344" box="[165,299,2133,2166]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, found in most lowlands in dry and wet zones up to elevations of ¢. 
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFB66A09FB3C9E0C1B2CB344" box="[1216,1324,2133,2166]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
. In 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FF599E241EFAB3AC" box="[165,250,2173,2206]" name="Nepal" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, collected in an arid floodplain with rocky ridges in Dang Valley (
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFB66A09FB679E241AF9B3AC" box="[1179,1273,2173,2206]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" unit="m" value="680.0">680 m</quantity>
). In 
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFB66A09FF839EFD1F6EB3F7" box="[127,366,2212,2245]" country="Vietnam" name="Gia Lai" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Gia Lai Province</collectingRegion>
, south-central 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FDBE9EFD1CBCB3F7" box="[578,700,2212,2245]" name="Vietnam" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, collected in a large clearing in agricultural land with coffee plantations at 
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFB66A09FDC39E8D1C99B3DF" box="[575,665,2260,2285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
. In Yok Don, south-central 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FBDB9E8D1AA1B3DF" box="[1063,1185,2260,2285]" name="Vietnam" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, collected near an artificial pool in a patch of 
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFB66A09FD8D9EAA1DDBB226" box="[625,987,2291,2324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Lagerstroemia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lagerstroemia (Lythraceae)</taxonomicName>
forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF829F461B04B20E" box="[126,1284,2335,2364]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF829F461B04B20E" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" box="[126,1284,2335,2364]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF829F461F83B20E" bold="true" box="[126,387,2335,2364]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Tickell’s False Serotine eats beetles, termites, and other insects.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF829F1B1A66B251" box="[126,1126,2370,2403]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF829F1B1A66B251" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" box="[126,1126,2370,2403]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF829F1B1F04B251" bold="true" box="[126,260,2370,2403]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Breeding.</emphasis>
Females have one relatively large young in June in 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FC279F1B1A62B251" box="[987,1122,2370,2403]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF809F331F68B1AC" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="activity">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF809F331F68B1AC" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF809F331F73B2B9" bold="true" box="[124,371,2410,2443]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
Tickell’s False Serotine is nocturnal and forages in open areas among paddy fields and grasslands, with steady and slow flight, generally not more than 9-12 m aboveground, and with frequent twists and turns. It sometimes swoops nearly to ground level. An individual was seen flying over the seashore and another over water on Andaman Islands. It probably roosts in hollow trees. An individual recorded after release in Western Ghats, south-western 
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFB66A09FC7C9C761DCCB162" box="[896,972,2607,2640]" name="India" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">India</collectingCountry>
, emitted FM calls sweeping down from 58 kHz to 20 kHz, with most energy at ¢.28 kHz and call duration of c.5 milliseconds.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF829CFC1A72B081" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF829CFC1A72B081" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF829CFC1D47B1F4" bold="true" box="[126,839,2725,2758]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Tickell’s False Serotine defends a feeding area, especially when food is scarce. Individuals will return to the same patch, evening after evening, at about the same time. Intruders are frequently driven off, except when food is abundant. If a patch is shared,it is invariably by a male and female. When alarmed, individuals can utter a shrill squeak. During the day, it roosts alone or in very small mixed-sex groups hidden among foliage of very large, very dense, largeleafed trees. After it is concealed among leaves,it is very difficult to find.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF829DE01A97B0E8" box="[126,1175,3001,3034]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF829DE01A97B0E8" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" box="[126,1175,3001,3034]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF829DE01FDAB0E8" bold="true" box="[126,474,3001,3034]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCNRed List.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFB66A09FF829DB31A79B7FA" pageId="77" pageNumber="835" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFB66A09FF829DB31A79B7FA" blockId="77.[124,1333,870,3272]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFB66A09FF829DB31F17B731" bold="true" box="[126,279,3050,3075]" pageId="77" pageNumber="835">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Amadoret al. (2018), Anderson (1881), Bates &amp; Harrison (1997), Boitani et al. (2006), Corbet &amp; Hill (1992), Csorba, Bumrungsri, Francis, Bates, Ong et al. (2008), Francis (2008a), Francis et al. (2010), Gorfol et al. (2019), Hassanin et al. (2018), Hendrichsen, Bates, Hayes &amp; Walston (2001), Hill (1976), Hill &amp; Harrison (1987), Horsfield (1851), Kruskop (2013a), Lekagul &amp; McNeely (1988), McBee et al. (1986), Mitchell (1980), Molur et al. (2002), Pearch &amp; Writer (2009), Phillips (1980), Simmons (2005), Srinivasulu &amp; Srinivasulu (2012), Srinivasulu, C. et al. (2010), Wordley et al. (2014), Wroughton (1915a), Yapa &amp; Ratnavira (2013).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>