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146 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.372.6039" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c99e46eb-46b4-476f-be79-ee2b58db25f6" ID-PMC="PMC3909803" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-372-27" ID-PubMed="24493957" ID-ZBK="" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-372-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 372" ModsDocTitle="Studies on California ants: a review of the genus Temnothorax (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1451246413845" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Snelling, Roy R., Borowiec, Marek L. & Prebus, Matthew M." docDate="2014" docId="211E96DE1A595C9A9057CCE326E7FB3C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 372: 27-89" docOrigin="ZooKeys 372" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.372.6039" docTitle="Temnothorax arboreus Snelling, Borowiec & Prebus, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="3E563566BD635917FFE1FFB50020290B" masterDocTitle="Studies on California ants: a review of the genus Temnothorax (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1668157522282" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Studies on California ants: a review of the genus Temnothorax (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Snelling, Roy R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Borowiec, Marek L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Prebus, Matthew M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>372</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>89</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.372.6039</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.372.6039</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-372-27</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050660" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3B57B3A0-7B21-4495-8AEA-B0CE583F16E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/211E96DE1A595C9A9057CCE326E7FB3C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3B57B3A0-7B21-4495-8AEA-B0CE583F16E6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax arboreus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboreus">Temnothorax arboreus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="32">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 5, 19, 24-26
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Temnothorax</taxonomicName>
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sp. CA-09;
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<bibRefCitation author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 68.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="diagnosis of worker">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Diagnosis of worker.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Promesonotum flat, followed by sloping dorsal face of the propodeum, so that in lateral view propodeal angles are relatively low on the declivity; head shiny, varying from weakly sculptured to smooth; petiole node robust and triangular in profile; propodeal spines reduced to small angles; body color dark brown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Worker measurements (mm) (4 measured): EL 0.128-0.142 (0.136); HFL 0.201-0.444 (0.371); HFW 0.101-0.123 (0.112); HL 0.584-0.652 (0.614); HW 0.475-0.534 (0.502); IOD 0.416-0.453 (0.435); OMD 0.151-0.187 (0.168); PPW 0.197-0.217 (0.206); PSL 0.025-0.034 (0.030); PTW 0.136-0.151 (0.143); PW 0.328-0.369 (0.347); SL 0.395-0.447 (0.425); WL 0.647-0.761 (0.702). Indices: CI 79.6-85.6 (81.8); FI 83.1-84.4 (83.9); OI 21.6-23.0 (22.1); PI 142-145 (144); PSI 4.28-5.21 (4.88); SI 67.6-71.3 (69.2).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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Head longer than broad in frontal view, lateral margins very weakly curved, posterior margin flat to weakly curved. Antennal scape ending below posterior margin by more than its apical width; apical club distinctly 3-segmented. IOD 3.04-3.33
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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EL; EL 0.75-0.91
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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OMD. Mandible finely longitudinally rugose. Clypeus with 1 or 2 short fine carinae on either side of median carina. Dorsum of head shiny, mostly smooth between scattered fine piligerous punctures; area around frontal carinae moderately shiny and weakly reticulate; malar area with several short fine longitudinal rugae, interspaces dull and sharply reticulate; posterolateral angles of head moderately shiny and weakly reticulate. Dorsum of head with sparse short, fine setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="33" start="start">Mesosoma</pageBreakToken>
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slender, WL 1.97-2.11 times longer than PW; mesosomal dorsum nearly flat in profile before sloping down to obtuse propodeal denticles. Mesosomal dorsum moderately shiny and weakly reticulate but pronotum posteriorly with transverse smooth band; side of pronotum moderately shiny and irregularly rugulose, interspaces inconsistently reticulate; posterior face of propodeum dull and reticulate. Metafemur 3.54-3.97 times longer than wide in dorsal view. Entire length of dorsum with>20 flattened setae that are distinctly longer than those of frons.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Petiole without anterior peduncle; node robust and subtriangular, no higher than thick, summit subacute; subpetiolar tooth short and acute. Postpetiole profile low; in dorsal view node 1.42-1.45 times width of petiole node. Both segments moderately shiny and mostly finely reticulate. Each node with 4-6 setae similar to those of mesosoma.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Gaster in dorsal view 2.86-3.02 times wider than postpetiole; disc of first tergite smooth and shiny between sparse piligerous punctures; disc with sparse suberect flattened setae similar to those of mesosoma and scattered finer prostrate pubescence.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Head and body dark brown, gaster darker posteriorly.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Gyne and male unknown.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax arboreus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboreus">Temnothorax arboreus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., worker (CASENT0339243) A Body in dorsal view B Body in lateral view C Head in full-face view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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Holotype worker, U.S.A.: CALIFORNIA: San Diego Co.: Wooded Hill, 3 km SW Mount Laguna, 1800 m, 32.85°, -116.43°, 26.v.2004 (P. S. Ward #15254), on low vegetation [beating on
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus jeffreyi" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jeffreyi">Pinus jeffreyi</taxonomicName>
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foliage],
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus jeffreyi" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jeffreyi">Pinus jeffreyi</taxonomicName>
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forest (CASENT0339243) [UCDC].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Paratypes. Same data as holotype, 1 worker (CASENT0339243) [PSWC], 2 workers (CASENT0339244) [UCDC].</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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Non-paratypic material examined. U.S.A.: CALIFORNIA: Riverside Co.: San Jacinto Mountains, Idyllwild, 1610 m, 33.7°, -116.7°, 10.vii.1962 (C. O. Eads) on trunk of
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus jeffreyi" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jeffreyi">Pinus jeffreyi</taxonomicName>
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, 4 workers (CASENT0005933, LACMENT299357, LACMENT299356, LACMENT299355) [LACM].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">From Latin, arboreus - of trees, in reference to this being an arboreal species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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This species is similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax nitens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">Temnothorax nitens</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Abtheilung fuer Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="257 - 360" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. (Schluss.) Zoologische Jahrbuecher." volume="8" year="1895">Emery 1895</bibRefCitation>
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) and in the key by
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<bibRefCitation author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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it will run, with some difficulty, to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax melinus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melinus">Temnothorax melinus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay 2000</bibRefCitation>
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), a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax nitens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">Temnothorax nitens</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward 2005</bibRefCitation>
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). From
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax nitens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">Temnothorax nitens</taxonomicName>
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it differs in the much darker color, the obtuse propodeal denticles that are shorter than the subpetiolar tooth, and the considerably more robust petiole node (Figure 19B & 21E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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As the name suggests,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax arboreus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboreus">Temnothorax arboreus</taxonomicName>
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is an arboreal species. Workers have been collected from the trunk and beaten from foliage of
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus jeffreyi" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jeffreyi">Pinus jeffreyi</taxonomicName>
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. That this ant is arboreal further distinguishes it from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax nitens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">Temnothorax nitens</taxonomicName>
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, a species that nests in soil, often under small covering objects such as stones.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">A couple of collections of similar species are known from southeastern Arizona, but we feel the relationship of these samples will be better understood only when more material becomes available.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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