treatments-xml/data/03/94/A2/0394A25C2B28FFC6FF27F8FEFAF12DA4.xml

<document id="A4BE76611AA0CBBC34BABC203D91883E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1963.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5241811" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629595117880" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lourie, Sara A. &amp; Kuiter, Rudie H." docDate="2008" docId="0394A25C2B28FFC6FF27F8FEFAF12DA4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01963p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1963 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1963.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hippocampus severnsi Lourie &amp; Kuiter 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="4F273B3E-F768-4F14-B08A-10DEA6C16069" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFADDA242B2FFFCCFFB0FFA7FFD52B7A" masterDocTitle="Three new pygmy seahorse species from Indonesia (Teleostei: Syngnathidae: Hippocampus)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="54" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1699082407134" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="FA1383173F9A65F47C3231E46044ECCB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="7F5E1E008AE2AEC48F6FCAD71C2A91B4">
<mods:title id="05EEFF31D422F7996DE9E5B5152AE5AD">Three new pygmy seahorse species from Indonesia (Teleostei: Syngnathidae: Hippocampus)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="20D1C4AB0987879A5E8BD43CFD1A6424" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2785F84A097BB38BA4C7E519D55B323C">
<mods:roleTerm id="C712A37A6584B40E0689CB34F3D499E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4F31D075200914EF5F10BC381C8714DE">Lourie, Sara A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5028CEFD4FB3983A163F3A7B2E2F5D98">Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, H 3 A 2 K 6, Canada Tel: 1 (514) 398 4086, Fax: 1 (514) 398 3185. E-mail: sara. lourie @ mail. mcgill. ca</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2D8610E7549C303816F120A975B007FB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="00F3F8F1F49843A1CA422FD0B94378BD">
<mods:roleTerm id="87A2049C4539C78FB10512B071ACADD5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DC365020C36CDB136FB9837D74D92F0F">Kuiter, Rudie H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6E2291A859B8786F84C0035A8AC3A9E5">Ichthyology, Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia. E-mail: rudiekuiter @ optusnet. com. au</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FEC44F625F8C80516BAC5D4E026F3019">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="6BD74228CD31DB97A3DA0081625CCCC0" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="B5F18CBAF92DB07BEBC217E4BCCF27AF">
<mods:title id="012AADD73546B02F05A327B505BB3B79">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="452BD9A78A6D523B8576E36B053BB67A">
<mods:date id="0132B54CA4386B3A7B54E10326DC7B8E">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8FD24589B5B9ECB848B9C8BA732FDB82" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A5823FD2C2D8C450924DA2A8765B8C52">2008-12-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1C3AD335427FC0510B16EDD4B3B117BE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6DAC6CF07F41188EC94E3EA48B6F76DF">1963</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="24E8F2A8753CBA11F0383CCD253BD4A8" type="issue">
<mods:number id="1F6E6A8C2D74BCDBBDA0FB2C0701FD91">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="ACFC0FDFBFD97AF374F6CE137D38D6D4" unit="page">
<mods:start id="7CA160B436BB9861352DF70BDECB53F7">54</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CCDBC7D2875FEBE081C2B7180411C58A">68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="83D4240FB4ECA0582A999ADFFD9B0857">
<mods:url id="ABFC9497FBFD177B499B1E6834D2106A">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1963.1.4</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="50989FED96730E0A4041183BA59887AD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DCFB01A2406442A5FA69B61DCD64BC09" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1963.1.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F08C28FF283C68223F3837AF41A7E532" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="10D0B9325D747CD283D2FDB39C55DEA0" type="Zenodo-Dep">5241811</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C20D29AF2269B83B8733F6B392E5CE62" type="ZooBank">10371DCA-4076-4F3B-9C43-0E3DBBA6D228</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0394A25C2B28FFC6FF27F8FEFAF12DA4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5242600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5242600" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4F273B3E-F768-4F14-B08A-10DEA6C16069" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0394A25C2B28FFC6FF27F8FEFAF12DA4" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="C32740C12B28FFCBFF27F8FEFDD92C08" box="[151,524,1880,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B28FFCBFF27F8FEFDD92C08" blockId="7.[151,524,1880,1907]" box="[151,524,1880,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="D0CAA4262B28FFCBFF27F8FEFDD92C08" bold="true" box="[151,524,1880,1907]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B28FFCBFF27F8FEFDD92C08" bold="true" box="[151,524,1880,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B28FFCBFF27F8FEFE722C09" ID-CoL="6M99M" authority="Lourie &amp; Kuiter, 2008" authorityName="Lourie &amp; Kuiter" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,423,1881,1907]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B28FFCBFF27F8FEFE722C09" bold="true" box="[151,423,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">Hippocampus severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A72232B28FFCBFE1FF8FFFDD92C08" box="[431,524,1880,1906]" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32740C12B28FFC4FF27F804FF252A56" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B28FFC4FF27F804FD212BC8" blockId="7.[151,1436,1955,2025]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,300]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B28FFCBFF27F804FE842CC7" bold="true" box="[151,337,1955,1981]" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5519172B28FFC4FEEAF803FD212BC8" accessionNumber="MZB 13594" collectingDate="2002-06" collectionCode="MZB" collectorName="M. Severns &amp; H. Pontoh." country="Indonesia" elevation="15" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="62" latitude="1.6130556" location="Alung Banua" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5486ADE82B28FFCBFEEAF803FE1E2CC4" box="[346,459,1956,1982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 
<collectionCode id="ED2C8B8F2B28FFCBFE69F803FDCC2CC4" box="[473,537,1956,1982]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
13594 (
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B28FFCBFDCFF803FD3A2CC4" box="[639,751,1956,1982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="16.6">16.6 mm</quantity>
, male), between 
<location id="8EE245912B28FFCBFC0EF803FB882CC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0394A25C2B28FFC6FF27F8FEFAF12DA4:8EE245912B28FFCBFC0EF803FB882CC4" box="[958,1117,1956,1982]" country="Indonesia" latitude="1.6130556" name="Alung Banua" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Alung Banua</location>
and Cela Point, Bunaken, 
<collectingRegion id="49F9DDA82B28FFCBFF27F868FE842C93" box="[151,337,1999,2025]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">North Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B28FFCBFEEFF868FE042C93" box="[351,465,1999,2025]" name="Indonesia" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(1 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B28FFCBFE42F86CFE2F2CA3" attach="none" box="[498,506,1995,2009]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">o</superScript>
37’07” to 
<geoCoordinate id="EE09758D2B28FFCBFDC5F868FD292C93" box="[629,764,1995,2025]" degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" precision="15" seconds="47" value="1.6130556">
1 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B28FFCBFD34F86CFD592CA3" attach="none" box="[644,652,1995,2009]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">o</superScript>
36’47” N
</geoCoordinate>
124 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B28FFCBFC81F86CFCEC2CA3" attach="none" box="[817,825,1995,2009]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">o</superScript>
45’30” to 124 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B28FFCBFC50F86CFC3D2CA3" attach="none" box="[992,1000,1995,2009]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="61">o</superScript>
46.03” E, 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B28FFCBFBD3F868FB4E2C93" box="[1123,1179,1999,2025]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" unit="ft" value="50.0">
<elevation id="0010F4792B28FFCBFBD3F868FB4E2C93" box="[1123,1179,1999,2025]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" unit="ft" value="50.0">50 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B28FFCBFB1CF868FAD62C93" box="[1196,1283,1999,2025]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="15.2">
<elevation id="0010F4792B28FFCBFB1CF868FAD62C93" box="[1196,1283,1999,2025]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="15.2">15.2 m</elevation>
</quantity>
) depth, 
<date id="FF83358A2B28FFC4FAD6F868FF012BC8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" value="2002-06">
<collectingDate id="EFC7CC622B28FFC4FAD6F868FF012BC8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="7" pageNumber="61" value="2002-06">June 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26C8769C2B27FFC4FF50FF3FFEB02BC8" box="[224,357,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">M. Severns</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26C8769C2B27FFC4FE3BFF3FFDDC2BC8" box="[395,521,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">H. Pontoh.</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="13060FCF2B27FFC4FDA0FF3FFD442BC8" box="[528,657,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1054,1078]" captionTargetBox="[168,1386,327,1020]" captionTargetId="figure-444@6.[151,1436,314,1030]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Radiographs of holotype specimens: A) Hippocampus pontohi (MZB 13593, 16.9 mm), B) Hippocampus severnsi (MZB 13594, 16.6 mm), and C) Hippocampus satomiae (NMV A25420–001, 13.8 mm). Scale bar = 2 mm in each case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5241817/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">Figures 2B</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="13060FCF2B27FFC4FD7BFF3FFD252BC8" box="[715,752,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,968,992]" captionTargetBox="[169,1350,393,943]" captionTargetId="figure-459@7.[155,1440,393,943]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved holotype specimens of A) Hippocampus pontohi (MZB 13593, 16.9 mm), B) Hippocampus severnsi (MZB 13594, 16.6 mm), and C) Hippocampus satomiae (NMV A25420–001, 13.8 mm). Scale bar in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5241819/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">3B</figureCitation>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B27FFC4FF76FF67FF252A56" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,300]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">
<materialsCitation id="3B5519172B27FFC4FF76FF67FB632BA0" accessionNumber="MZB 13595" box="[198,1206,192,218]" collectionCode="MZB, NMV" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="5486ADE82B27FFC4FF76FF67FEE82BA0" box="[198,317,192,218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<collectionCode id="ED2C8B8F2B27FFC4FEFAFF67FE5C2BA0" box="[330,393,192,218]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
13595 (
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B27FFC4FE5FFF67FD8A2BA0" box="[495,607,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
, female), collection details as for 
<typeStatus id="5486ADE82B27FFC4FC4AFF67FBB12BA0" box="[1018,1124,192,218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2C8B8F2B27FFC4FBC2FF67FB632BA0" box="[1138,1206,192,218]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5519172B27FFC4FB71FF67FF392A56" collectingDate="2002-11" collectionCode="NMV" collectorName="L. Maleta" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="12" latitude="-10.333333" location="Milne Bay" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="150.41667" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" specimenCode="A24980-001" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Milne Bay" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DB9BBB312B27FFC4FB71FF67FA802BA0" box="[1217,1365,192,218]" collectionCode="NMV" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" type="Museum">A24980-001</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B27FFC4FAD7FF67FF1D2A7E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="12.4">12.4 mm</quantity>
, female), 
<collectingRegion id="49F9DDA82B27FFC4FE8BFF4DFE6D2A7E" box="[315,440,234,260]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Milne Bay" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">Milne Bay</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B27FFC4FE74FF4DFD702A7E" box="[452,677,234,260]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE09758D2B27FFC4FD05FF4DFCDB2A7E" box="[693,782,232,260]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="-10.333333">
10 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B27FFC4FD63FF4FFD0E2B8C" attach="none" box="[723,731,232,246]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">o</superScript>
20'S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE09758D2B27FFC4FCA5FF4DFC542A7E" box="[789,897,232,260]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="150.41667">
150 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B27FFC4FCF1FF4FFC9C2B8C" attach="none" box="[833,841,232,246]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">o</superScript>
25'E
</geoCoordinate>
), 
<elevation id="0010F4792B27FFC4FC25FF4DFBC92A7E" box="[917,1052,234,260]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="12.0">
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B27FFC4FC25FF4DFC042A7E" box="[917,977,234,260]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, black coral, 
<date id="FF83358A2B27FFC4FB07FF4DFAA32A7E" box="[1207,1398,234,260]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" value="2002-11">
<collectingDate id="EFC7CC622B27FFC4FB07FF4DFAA32A7E" box="[1207,1398,234,260]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" value="2002-11">November 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26C8769C2B27FFC4FA32FF4DFF392A56" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">L. Maleta</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4243C22B27FFC4FF27F968FDBB2C0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241821" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5241821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5241821/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" startId="8.[151,255,1743,1767]" targetBox="[151,1436,357,1720]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B27FFC4FF27F968FDBB2C0B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1743,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B27FFC4FF27F968FECE2D9D" bold="true" box="[151,283,1743,1767]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Live specimens of new species of pygmy seahorses from Indonesia. A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B27FFC4FB88F977FA4D2D9D" authority=": Bunaken" authorityName="Bunaken" box="[1080,1432,1744,1767]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pontohi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B27FFC4FB88F977FAF22D9D" box="[1080,1319,1744,1767]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">Hippocampus pontohi</emphasis>
: Bunaken
</taxonomicName>
, Sulawesi, M. Boyer; Bunaken, Sulawesi, M. Aw; Raja Ampat, West Papua, L. Tackett. B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B27FFC4FB2DF955FF2C2C56" authority=": Bunaken" authorityName="Bunaken" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B27FFC4FB2DF955FA412C73" box="[1181,1428,1778,1801]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">Hippocampus severnsi</emphasis>
: Bunaken
</taxonomicName>
, Sulawesi, S. Wong &amp; T. Uno; Bunaken, Sulawesi, M. Severns (type specimens); Raja Ampat, West Papua, L. Tackett. C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B27FFC4FEA7F89FFD562C35" authority=": Derawan" authorityName="Derawan" box="[279,643,1848,1871]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="satomiae">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B27FFC4FEA7F89FFDC62C35" box="[279,531,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">Hippocampus satomiae</emphasis>
: Derawan
</taxonomicName>
Kalimantan, S. Wong &amp; T. Uno; Derawan, Kalimantan, J–S. Chen; Derawan, Indonesia, S. Onishi (type specimen).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32740C12B27FFC5FF75F838FBA92C16" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B27FFC5FF75F838FF362A28" blockId="8.[151,1437,1951,2018]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,152,338]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B27FFC4FF75F838FE902CC3" bold="true" box="[197,325,1951,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="62">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Extremely small size (height 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B27FFC4FD01F807FCDC2CC0" box="[689,777,1952,1978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
, standard length 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B27FFC4FC67F807FBE52CC0" box="[983,1072,1952,1978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
); 12 trunk rings; 27 tail rings; reduced ossification of inferior and ventral trunk ridges; 14 dorsal fin rays; 10 pectoral fin rays; small or absent anal fin; medium length snout which lacks a bulbous tip; raised, angular coronet; single gill opening on midline directly behind coronet supported by raised cleithral bone; scattered tubercles on trunk and tail; predominant colour dark brown (sometimes slightly marbled) with large, bright red patch covering dorso-lateral surfaces of TrR 1–4; tiny white dots scattered all over; pale posterior section of tail with dark transverse bands.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4243C22B26FFC5FF27FCE0FA572825" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241825" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5241825" box="[151,1410,839,863]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5241825/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" startId="9.[151,255,839,863]" targetBox="[151,1433,398,810]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B26FFC5FF27FCE0FA572825" blockId="9.[151,1410,839,863]" box="[151,1410,839,863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FF27FCE0FECC2825" bold="true" box="[151,281,839,863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Distribution records for A) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FDF5FCEFFCE42825" box="[581,817,840,863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pontohi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FDF5FCEFFCE42825" box="[581,817,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">Hippocampus pontohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, B) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FCD0FCEFFB872825" box="[864,1106,840,863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FCD0FCEFFB872825" box="[864,1106,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">Hippocampus severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FB30FCEFFAAE2825" box="[1152,1403,840,863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="satomiae">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FB30FCEFFAAE2825" box="[1152,1403,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">Hippocampus satomiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B26FFC5FF75FC35FE3E28AE" blockId="9.[151,1436,914,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FF75FC35FEB228D6" bold="true" box="[197,359,914,940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">Comparison.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FEDFFC35FDAD28D1" box="[367,632,914,939]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FEDFFC35FDAD28D1" box="[367,632,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">Hippocampus severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares most meristic characters with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FB9EFC35FB7E28D1" box="[1070,1195,914,939]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pontohi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FB9EFC35FB7E28D1" box="[1070,1195,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. pontohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They differ primarily in live colour and pattern.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B26FFC5FF75FC45FD332FE6" blockId="9.[151,1436,914,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FF75FC45FE9F2881" box="[197,330,994,1019]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FF75FC45FE9F2881" box="[197,330,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FDD1FC45FD272881" authorityName="Kuiter" authorityYear="2003" box="[609,754,994,1019]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colemani">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FDD1FC45FD272881" box="[609,754,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. colemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the same way as 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FC55FC45FBB62881" box="[997,1123,994,1019]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pontohi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FC55FC45FBB62881" box="[997,1123,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. pontohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with an additional difference being body colour (brown vs white). Tail ring counts are 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B26FFC5FC21FBADFC1A2F5E" box="[913,975,1034,1060]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.858" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="27.0">27 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FC69FBADFBB52F59" box="[985,1120,1034,1059]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FC69FBADFBB52F59" box="[985,1120,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B26FFC5FB3EFBADFB2C2F5E" box="[1166,1273,1034,1060]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="7.112" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="29.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="28.0">28–30 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FAB3FBADFA412F59" authorityName="Kuiter" authorityYear="2003" box="[1283,1428,1034,1059]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colemani">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FAB3FBADFA412F59" box="[1283,1428,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. colemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Other differences include 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FE51FB95FDAB2F31" box="[481,638,1074,1099]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. severnsi’s</emphasis>
raised angular coronet and the following proportions: OD:HL (24.1–26.1% vs 18.6–18.9%), TD9:SL (11.9–15.1% vs 18.9–19.5%), DL:SL (8.4–11.3% vs 6.0–6.7%) and overall size (SL 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B26FFC5FEE7FB25FDD42FE6" box="[343,513,1154,1180]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.66" metricValueMin="1.24" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="16.6" valueMin="12.4">12.4–16.6 mm</quantity>
vs 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B26FFC5FD9AFB25FD0F2FE6" box="[554,730,1154,1180]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.69" metricValueMax="2.73" metricValueMin="2.65" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="26.9" valueMax="27.3" valueMin="26.5">26.5–27.3 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B26FFC5FF75FB0CFBB72ECE" blockId="9.[151,1436,914,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FF75FB0CFE9F2FBE" box="[197,330,1195,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FF75FB0CFE9F2FBE" box="[197,330,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much less robust overall than 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FD63FB0CFCA72FBE" authorityName="Whitley" authorityYear="1970" box="[723,882,1195,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bargibanti">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FD63FB0CFCA72FBE" box="[723,882,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. bargibanti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and lacks 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FC43FB0CFB712FBE" box="[1011,1188,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. bargibanti’s</emphasis>
very large tubercles, and bulbous snout tip. It can be further distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FCFEFB74FC382F96" authorityName="Whitley" authorityYear="1970" box="[846,1005,1235,1260]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bargibanti">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FCFEFB74FC382F96" box="[846,1005,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. bargibanti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its body colour (brown vs purple with red tubercles or grey with yellow/orange tubercles), fewer tail rings (27 vs 31–33), proportionally larger, but less deep head (HL:SL 20.9–22.4% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FD35FA84FCDD2E46" box="[645,776,1315,1340]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FD35FA84FCDD2E46" box="[645,776,1315,1340]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs 14.8–19.5% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FC51FA84FBAB2E46" authorityName="Whitley" authorityYear="1970" box="[993,1150,1315,1340]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bargibanti">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FC51FA84FBAB2E46" box="[993,1150,1315,1340]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. bargibanti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; HD:HL 51.7–62.5% vs 60.8–70.3%), less pronounced coronet (
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B26FFC5FD10FAEDFD1E2E1E" box="[672,715,1354,1380]" name="Switzerland" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">CH</collectingCountry>
:HL 44.7–49.9% vs 46.1–64.1%), larger orbit (OD:HL 24.1–26.1% vs 14.2–24.0%), smaller post-orbital (PO:HL 47.4–51.0% vs 51.6–63.3%), longer trunk (TrL:SL 29.9–33.1% vs 25.7–29.5%) and shorter tail (TaL:SL 45.9–48.3% vs 53.3–57.1%).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B26FFC5FF75FA65FC3E2DB6" blockId="9.[151,1436,914,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">
It can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FD81FA64FD702EA6" authorityName="Lourie &amp; Randall" authorityYear="2003" box="[561,677,1475,1500]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="denise">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FD81FA64FD702EA6" box="[561,677,1475,1500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. denise</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its body colour (brown vs orange), deeper head (HD:HL 51.7–62.5% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FEFFFA4CFE002D7E" box="[335,469,1515,1540]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FEFFFA4CFE002D7E" box="[335,469,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs 41.1–55.7% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FD0BFA4CFCFE2D7E" authorityName="Lourie &amp; Randall" authorityYear="2003" box="[699,811,1515,1540]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="denise">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FD0BFA4CFCFE2D7E" box="[699,811,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. denise</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), shorter and deeper snout (SnL:HL 24.2–27.8% vs 27.1–38.7%; SnD:SnL 83.9–97.4% vs 62.7–81.2%), larger orbit (OD:HL 24.1–26.1% vs 18.8–23.5%), larger post-orbital (PO:HL 47.4–51.0% vs 39.1–45.2%), deeper trunk (TD9:SL 11.9–15.1% vs 4.1–15.1%), longer trunk (TrL:SL 29.9–33.1% vs 23.1–31.7%) and shorter tail (TaL:SL 45.9–48.3% vs 47.4–57.2%). Both sexes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FF07F92CFEE92DDE" box="[183,316,1675,1700]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FF07F92CFEE92DDE" box="[183,316,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have rounded trunk profiles in comparison to female 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FC09F92CFBEC2DDE" box="[953,1081,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. denise’s</emphasis>
narrow trunk. Furthermore, it has a much more pronounced coronet and fewer tail rings (27 vs 27–30).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B26FFC5FF75F97CFBA92C16" blockId="9.[151,1436,914,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FF75F97CFE042D8E" box="[197,465,1755,1780]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FF75F97CFE042D8E" box="[197,465,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">Hippocampus severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B26FFC5FCA9F97CFC7F2D8E" authorityName="Gomon" authorityYear="1997" box="[793,938,1755,1780]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minotaur">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FCA9F97CFC7F2D8E" box="[793,938,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">H. minotaur</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most clearly on the basis of meristic values: TrR 12 vs 8–9, TaR 27 vs 41, PF 10 vs 11 and DF 14 vs 7–9. It also has a significantly shallower head (HD:HL 51.7–62.5 vs 75.1–80.2%), longer trunk (TrL:SL 29.9–33.1 vs 18.4–24.7%), shorter tail (TaL:SL 45.9–48.3 vs 56.0–66.6%) and longer dorsal fin base (DL:SL 8.4–11.3 vs 1.5–2.4%).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32740C12B26FFC6FF75F8DDFD3F2F24" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="9" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B26FFC6FF75F8DDFD732BA0" blockId="9.[151,1436,914,2020]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B26FFC5FF75F8DDFE882CEE" bold="true" box="[197,349,1914,1940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="63">Description.</emphasis>
In addition to the characters given in the diagnosis: head length 20.9% (21.6–22.4%) in SL, and depth 60.8% (51.7–62.5%) in HL; snout length 24.2% (25.8–27.8%) in HL without bulbous tip, and depth 83.9% (88.0–97.4%) in SnL; orbital diameter 24.1% (25.2–26.0%) in HL; postorbital length 48.1% (47.4–51.0%) in HL; frontal bone strongly raised posteriorly to form a sharply angled coronet (
<figureCitation id="13060FCF2B25FFC6FAA0FF3FFA582BC8" box="[1296,1421,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1054,1078]" captionTargetBox="[168,1386,327,1020]" captionTargetId="figure-444@6.[151,1436,314,1030]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Radiographs of holotype specimens: A) Hippocampus pontohi (MZB 13593, 16.9 mm), B) Hippocampus severnsi (MZB 13594, 16.6 mm), and C) Hippocampus satomiae (NMV A25420–001, 13.8 mm). Scale bar = 2 mm in each case." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5241817/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Figure 2B</figureCitation>
); pectoral fin–base raised; pectoral fin rays 10.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B25FFC6FF75FF4FFB512A8E" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">
Trunk rings (TrR) 12, the dorsal surface of TrR1 greatly expanded laterally (and TrR2 to a lesser extent) without spines; trunk length 33.1% (29.9–30.0%) in SL; trunk depth just anterior to dorsal fin base 15.1% (11.9–13.6%) in SL; dorsal fin base strongly raised and angled with respect to the trunk (highest posteriorly); dorsal fin base starting immediately posterior to the 9 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FCB8FEC7FCC12A14" attach="left" box="[776,788,352,366]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
trunk ring and ending immediately posterior to the 12 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FA3FFEC7FA4E2A14" attach="none" box="[1423,1435,352,366]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
trunk ring (covering 3+0 rings); dorsal fin rays 14; no external pouch visible in males, developing young housed entirely within trunk region; anal fin not visible in the 
<typeStatus id="5486ADE82B25FFC6FCCDFE15FC362AB6" box="[893,995,434,460]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
but present (with 4 fin rays) in 
<typeStatus id="5486ADE82B25FFC6FAD0FE15FF0D2A8E" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
; first tail ring quadrangular; tail rings 27; tail length 45.9% (47.7–48.3%) in SL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B25FFC6FF75FDA5FCEC293E" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Sexual dimorphism appears to be limited to differences in the genital region: males with vertical pouch slit, females with slightly raised, circular genital opening.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B25FFC6FF75FDF5FCE028C4" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">
Body ornamentation: prominent rounded spine above each eye, on midline of snout between eyes, and on either side of the head below the coronet; shoulder spine at base of pectoral fin; cheek spine; black orbital ring with 12 small spines; thick branched or unbranched filament attached to anterior part of coronet; small rounded spine on the superior ridge of the 1 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FD27FD6CFD7729A3" attach="left" box="[663,674,715,729]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">st</superScript>
trunk ring; greatly enlarged rounded spines on the superior ridge of the 5 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FF43FD52FF2A2879" attach="left" box="[243,255,757,771]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
trunk ring with distinctive branched red filaments attached; greatly enlarged rounded spine also on superior ridge of the 12 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FE19FC87FE602854" attach="left" box="[425,437,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
trunk ring and smaller, but still prominent, spines on lateral and inferior ridges of the 8 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FF15FCECFF642823" attach="left" box="[165,177,843,857]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
and inferior ridge of 11 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FE61FCECFE082823" attach="left" box="[465,477,843,857]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
trunk ring. In NMV A24980–001 lateral TrR5 and inferior TrR5–10 spines also developed. Enlarged rounded spines on superior ridge of the tail correspond to bands of colour across 5 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FAEDFCD1FABC28FE" attach="none" box="[1373,1385,886,900]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
, 9 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FA38FCD1FA4128FE" attach="none" box="[1416,1428,886,900]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
, and 12 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FF56FC06FF2728D5" attach="left" box="[230,242,929,943]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
(or 4 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FE82FC06FEEB28D5" attach="right" box="[306,318,929,943]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
, 8 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FEECFC06FEBD28D5" attach="right" box="[348,360,929,943]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
, 11 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FE23FC06FE4A28D5" attach="none" box="[403,415,929,943]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
, 14 
<superScript id="7C48BE022B25FFC6FE7CFC06FE0D28D5" attach="left" box="[460,472,929,943]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">th</superScript>
in NMV A24980–001) rings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B25FFC6FF75FC6BFD3F2F24" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FF75FC6BFEA1289C" bold="true" box="[197,372,972,998]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Colour in life:</emphasis>
brown (solid, or slightly marbled) with large red patch covering dorsal and lateral surfaces of TrR1–4; posterior part of tail pale, with transverse brown bands at TaR5, 9 and 12 (or 4, 8, 11, 14); scattered white dots on head, trunk and tail (
<figureCitation id="13060FCF2B25FFC6FDC3FBBBFD3A2F4C" box="[627,751,1052,1078]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,357,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-173@8.[151,1436,818,1257]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Live specimens of new species of pygmy seahorses from Indonesia. A) Hippocampus pontohi: Bunaken, Sulawesi, M. Boyer; Bunaken, Sulawesi, M. Aw; Raja Ampat, West Papua, L. Tackett. B) Hippocampus severnsi: Bunaken, Sulawesi, S. Wong &amp; T. Uno; Bunaken, Sulawesi, M. Severns (type specimens); Raja Ampat, West Papua, L. Tackett. C) Hippocampus satomiae: Derawan Kalimantan, S. Wong &amp; T. Uno; Derawan, Kalimantan, J–S. Chen; Derawan, Indonesia, S. Onishi (type specimen)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5241821/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
). Colour in alcohol: brown with pale posterior part of tail; transverse brown bands visible on tail (
<figureCitation id="13060FCF2B25FFC6FDD1FBE3FD092F24" box="[609,732,1092,1118]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,968,992]" captionTargetBox="[169,1350,393,943]" captionTargetId="figure-459@7.[155,1440,393,943]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved holotype specimens of A) Hippocampus pontohi (MZB 13593, 16.9 mm), B) Hippocampus severnsi (MZB 13594, 16.6 mm), and C) Hippocampus satomiae (NMV A25420–001, 13.8 mm). Scale bar in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5241819/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Figure 3B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32740C12B25FFC6FF75FBCBFE122FD4" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B25FFC6FF75FBCBFE122FD4" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FF75FBCBFE872FFC" bold="true" box="[197,338,1132,1158]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FEECFBCBFDBC2FFF" box="[348,617,1132,1157]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FEECFBCBFDBC2FFF" box="[348,617,1132,1157]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Hippocampus severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named in honour of Mike Severns who, with Hence Pontoh, collected the first specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32740C12B25FFC6FF75FB1BFAF12DA4" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B25FFC6FF75FB1BFC952DCC" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FF75FB1BFDD02FAC" bold="true" box="[197,517,1212,1238]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FDA0FB1BFCC82FAF" box="[528,797,1212,1237]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FDA0FB1BFCC82FAF" box="[528,797,1212,1237]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Hippocampus severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FC54FB1BFB832FAC" box="[996,1110,1212,1238]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(Bunaken, Wakatobi, Raja Ampat Islands, Kawe Island), 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FDB5FB43FD9D2F84" box="[517,584,1252,1278]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Japan</collectingCountry>
(Ryukyu Islands), 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FC9EFB43FBC02F84" box="[814,1045,1252,1278]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49F9DDA82B25FFC6FB97FB43FB7C2F84" box="[1063,1193,1252,1278]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Milne Bay" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Milne Bay</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49F9DDA82B25FFC6FB07FB43FAC92F84" box="[1207,1308,1252,1278]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Madang" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Madang</collectingRegion>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FA82FB43FF3F2E5C" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
(Mborokua) and 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FE08FAABFE352E5C" box="[440,480,1292,1318]" name="Fiji" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Fiji</collectingCountry>
at depths of 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B25FFC6FDC7FAABFD062E5C" box="[631,723,1292,1318]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="8.0">
8– 
<specimenCount id="9D3BD8C32B25FFC6FD24FAABFD062E5C" box="[660,723,1292,1318]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. See figure 5B for map. It has been observed both during the day and the night but is apparently more active in the morning and late afternoon when it is not in direct sunlight (Müller, 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FE8BFAFBFE1C2E0F" box="[315,457,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">pers. comm.</emphasis>
). In 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FDB1FAFBFDA62E0C" box="[513,627,1372,1398]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
it has been recorded in association with a yellow coloured bryozoan, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FF27FA23FE9D2EE4" box="[151,328,1412,1438]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Catenicellidae" genus="Catenicella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FF27FA23FECB2EE7" box="[151,286,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Catenicella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, on different kinds of hydrozoans including 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FCFDFA23FB9A2EE7" box="[845,1103,1412,1437]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Lytocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="phoenicea">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FCFDFA23FB9A2EE7" box="[845,1103,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Lytocarpus phoenicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FBEEFA23FA492EE7" box="[1118,1436,1412,1437]" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Trichomeriaceae" genus="Antennellopsis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chaetothyriales" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="integerrima">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FBEEFA23FA492EE7" box="[1118,1436,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Antennellopsis integerrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FF79FA0BFE6D2EBF" box="[201,440,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Halicordyle disticha</emphasis>
(Müller, 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FD97FA0BFD632EBF" box="[551,694,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">pers. comm.</emphasis>
) as well as in sheltered spots on a reef wall in association with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FF27FA73FEDE2E97" authorityName="J. V. F. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[151,267,1492,1517]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FF27FA73FEDE2E97" box="[151,267,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Halimeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Brett, 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FED7FA73FE222E97" box="[359,503,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">pers. comm.</emphasis>
). It is also recorded from fissures on current–swept walls where it will tend to occur on the side of the fissure that faces away from the current, but in all cases where there is some upward current (Müller, 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FED0F983FE262D47" box="[352,499,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">pers. comm.</emphasis>
) and has been seen swimming over a fungiid coral (Hardt, 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FB65F983FAB22D47" box="[1237,1383,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">pers. comm.</emphasis>
). In 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FF27F9EBFEAC2D1C" box="[151,377,1612,1638]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
it has been observed in a healthy reef passage with a regular current of up to two knots on a gorgonian of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FE74F9D3FDED2DF7" box="[452,568,1652,1677]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FE74F9D3FDED2DF7" box="[452,568,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Muricella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at 
<quantity id="4CC5BEAF2B25FFC6FDEDF9D3FD4C2DF4" box="[605,665,1652,1678]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
depth (Halstead, 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FCDAF9D3FC2F2DF7" box="[874,1018,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">pers. comm.</emphasis>
) and in 
<collectingCountry id="F32A53DA2B25FFC6FBEDF9D3FB502DF4" box="[1117,1157,1652,1678]" name="Fiji" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Fiji</collectingCountry>
it was found on gorgonian species, possibly 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FE2DF93BFDF32DCC" box="[413,550,1692,1718]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Menella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FE2DF93BFE282DCF" box="[413,509,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">Menella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
? (Tackett, 
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FD18F93BFCFA2DCF" box="[680,815,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">pers. comm</emphasis>
.)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B82134A2B25FFC6FF75F963FAF12DA4" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,1758]" box="[197,1316,1732,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">
The 
<typeStatus id="5486ADE82B25FFC6FF4AF963FEB52DA4" box="[250,352,1732,1758]" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3D68C92B25FFC6FE38F963FDD92DA7" box="[392,524,1732,1757]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnsi">
<emphasis id="B949CF582B25FFC6FE38F963FDD92DA7" box="[392,524,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="64">H. severnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, collected in June, had approximately 11 embryos within its pouch.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>