266 lines
28 KiB
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266 lines
28 KiB
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<document id="EF6CEF84E1C7BBD021978FFD14E05CD9" ID-CLB-Dataset="5815" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3779.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2055f347-d478-4d50-aad0-7e78c4b3b9c5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4910403" ID-ZooBank="23584B50-EFAC-4BCE-A20E-9B09C22529B0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623118476769" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Deein, Gridsada, Tangjitjaroen, Weerapongse & Page, Lawrence M." docDate="2014" docId="038987E7FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05899A633" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03779p352.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3779 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lepidocephalus Bleeker 1858" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="342" masterDocId="FFB0FF9FFFCBDB2CC0785C1C5D08A042" masterDocTitle="A revision of the spirit loaches, genus Lepidocephalus (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae)" masterLastPageNumber="352" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="342" updateTime="1699003940845" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="FF4275B7B6CD2D51E93E465EB93BDA5D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FD49AFBE3B5F3DD58B045DFE44B079C2">
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<mods:title id="736C97ECB23CBAC44917EBC7C0F26D87">A revision of the spirit loaches, genus Lepidocephalus (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="7FFDA182BCA2777340E9C997C97250E9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AFC131C5E8BB82F6178247BF7F4484EC">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D278A3B80AEFF8D474126365FE514374">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B2FCD87512AFEED58935253AD1C6E867">Deein, Gridsada</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9BD0EE2DB985BEC7182B20B59A3A8AB0">Inland Fisheries Research and Development Bureau, Department of Fisheries, NIFI Building, Kasetklang, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 Thailand. E-mail: dgridsada @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="20193614AC91333C9CC32E2B2D2F8B77" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A1449E669B5B3C6DA1B788D92D7EA637">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="73184415F5D11B76B84B66C91E7312FC">Tangjitjaroen, Weerapongse</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1570AA4BFCC3BADC01A6C225BB363FD8">Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand. E-mail: weerapongse @ yahoo. com</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="CCEF79497DC450776CE96253B6E5950F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="9DAACAD2C04E2A33B03505A932AB93A8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E5527CA243DB9AE38CF2676D50896218">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DF1D04EBE630EBA1E711E4C03A61F995">Page, Lawrence M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1AB5394125398B21C3317722EC263097">Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 - 7800 USA. E-mail: lpage 1 @ ufl. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0EC846C7810ACC6A12DE2D6F35873B34">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BCDD763DB73904F48F694AAF9341688E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8E392450426262C046E623CBDD722E0A">
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<mods:date id="AC4E777AB7558BD9F192F1076A98B0B5">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="EC8025B3A54E2A0ACCE7DD9CD3188B4D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="30FFA088A9594C2C7720E069003BD31A">2014-03-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="C16068759D4E472543ECC660C769CE09" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F1E3AF8BE0972FC269EE689767261C2D">3779</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9271D0ADC3E92980C8AC656B267EFFC0" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F59DC6D66A43768C91E47E44F4DAE327">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="51248F51586DBA48C1EEE5AF0F34D3C7">341</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7CBE31B6354755608C81C1384DAC285E">352</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="15AAFC02014E71EAE3756C985FDE701F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E30A52BA14B2B4F96B0EA88D536012F6" type="CLB-Dataset">5815</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B2A43FB7EFEF6DD40546D49EFA47D35C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3779.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4118C5D6831A05C832EB4F01413DFE98" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6C5E19F5139348E3F544CCA077B9F679" type="Zenodo-Dep">4910403</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6D143F5377AAF1A4197BAAC8991338AB" type="ZooBank">23584B50-EFAC-4BCE-A20E-9B09C22529B0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038987E7FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05899A633" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4910376" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183237222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4910376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987E7FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05899A633" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987E7FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05899A633" lastPageNumber="342" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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<subSubSection id="C33A657AFFCADB2DC0EF5DC05CF7A1B4" box="[151,511,476,502]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9F36F1FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05CF7A1B4" blockId="1.[151,511,476,502]" box="[151,511,476,502]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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<heading id="D0D7819DFFCADB2DC0EF5DC05CF7A1B4" bold="true" box="[151,511,476,502]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05CF7A1B4" ID-CoL="5CFV" ID-ENA="209154" authority="Bleeker 1858" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,511,476,502]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05CF7A1B4" bold="true" box="[151,511,476,502]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF5DC05C5DA1B4" bold="true" box="[151,341,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
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Bleeker 1858
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33A657AFFCADB2DC0EF5E3E5C29A215" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9F36F1FFCADB2DC0EF5E3E5C29A215" blockId="1.[151,1435,546,599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3011DFFFCADB2DC0EF5E3E5C29A215" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF5E3E5F09A27A" ID-CoL="5CFV" authority="Bleeker 1858: 303" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityPageNumber="303" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,513,546,568]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF5E3E5C3FA27A" box="[151,311,546,568]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
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Bleeker 1858:303
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="549B8853FFCADB2DC2685E3F5F4AA27A" box="[528,578,547,568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC2D35E3E5900A27A" ID-CoL="WJZF" authority="Bleeker, 1854" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1854" box="[683,1032,546,568]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Cobitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrochir">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC2D35E3E5E61A27A" box="[683,873,546,568]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Cobitis macrochir</emphasis>
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Bleeker, 1854
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</taxonomicName>
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designated by
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8110E0FFCADB2DC4CA5E3E5863A27A" author="Bleeker, P." box="[1202,1387,546,568]" page="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" year="1863">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B00FFCADB2DC4CA5E3E5863A27A" author="Bleeker, P." box="[1202,1387,546,568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" pagination="380 - 381" refId="ref7707" refString="Bleeker, P. (1863 a) Sur les genres de la famille des Cobitioides. Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Natuurkunde, 15, 32 - 44. [Also published in Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor Dierkunde, 1863, 1: 380 - 381.]" type="journal article" year="1863">Bleeker 1863a:38</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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and
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8110E0FFCADB2DC0BF5E5D5C15A215" author="Bleeker, P." box="[199,285,577,599]" page="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" year="1863">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B00FFCADB2DC0BF5E5D5C15A215" author="Bleeker, P." box="[199,285,577,599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref7760" refString="Bleeker, P. (1863 b) Atlas ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Neerlandaises, Tome III. Cyprins, 3, 1 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 67474" type="journal article" year="1863">1863b:4</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33A657AFFCADB2DC0EF5E985899A633" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9F36F1FFCADB2DC0EF5E985FB4A349" blockId="1.[151,1436,644,1649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF5E985C19A2D9" box="[151,273,644,669]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF5E985C02A2DF" bold="true" box="[151,266,644,669]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Cobitid with lateral line complete; dorsal-fin origin over or behind pelvic-fin origin; deep, slab-sided body; scales on top of head (except
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC23C5EB55FF3A282" box="[580,763,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC23C5EB55FFBA282" authorityName=", de Beaufort" authorityYear="1933" box="[580,755,680,704]" family="Cobitidae" genus="Acanthophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pahangensis">L. pahangensis</taxonomicName>
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)
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</emphasis>
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, cheek and opercle; eye very small and subcutaneous, or absent; 8–9 branched dorsal-fin rays; 9–13 pectoral-fin rays; 6–8 pelvic-fin rays; 42–43 vertebrae; lamina circularis a thickend 2
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<superScript id="7C559BB9FFCADB2DC1585EF35C27A2BF" attach="left" box="[288,303,751,765]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">nd</superScript>
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ray of pectoral fin on mature male.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F36F1FFCADB2DC0BF5F0B5E63A410" blockId="1.[151,1436,644,1649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
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Most often confused with
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC1975F0B5FDFA36D" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1863" box="[495,727,791,815]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC1975F0B5FDFA36D" box="[495,727,791,815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalichthys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC3765F045E57A36D" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1860" box="[782,863,792,815]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Pangio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC3765F045E57A36D" box="[782,863,792,815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Pangio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC3155F0B5916A36D" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[877,1054,791,815]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC3155F0B5916A36D" box="[877,1054,791,815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC4CC5F0B5894A36D" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1863" box="[1204,1436,791,815]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC4CC5F0B5894A36D" box="[1204,1436,791,815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalichthys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having complete lateral line (vs. no lateral line); eye very small and subcutaneous, or absent (vs. eye present, not conspicuously small); 8–9 (vs. 6) branched dorsal-fin rays; 9–13 (vs. 7) pectoral-fin rays; longer predorsal length, (>60% SL vs. ~50–55%); and lamina circularis of mature male on 2
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<superScript id="7C559BB9FFCADB2DC3C25F9E5EC1A3D2" attach="left" box="[954,969,898,912]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">nd</superScript>
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ray (vs. 7
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<superScript id="7C559BB9FFCADB2DC43C5F9E5958A3D2" attach="left" box="[1092,1104,898,912]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">th</superScript>
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and 8
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<superScript id="7C559BB9FFCADB2DC4E45F9E59A0A3D2" attach="left" box="[1180,1192,898,912]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">th</superScript>
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rays) of pectoral fin (Havird
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC08F5FB65C22A383" box="[247,298,937,961]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">et al</emphasis>
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. 2010). They also differ in numbers of total vertebrae (among species for which data are available) with
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0AC5FD15C8DA3A7" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[212,389,973,997]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0AC5FD15C8DA3A7" box="[212,389,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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having 42–43, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC20F5FD15E57A3A7" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1863" box="[631,863,973,997]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC20F5FD15E57A3A7" box="[631,863,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalichthys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
|
having 35–38 (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B00FFCADB2DC4645FD159E8A3A4" author="Roberts, T. R." box="[1052,1248,973,998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" pagination="1 - 210" refId="ref8105" refString="Roberts, T. R. (1989) The freshwater fishes of western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia). Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, 14, 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1989">Roberts 1989:96</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). All species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF5FED5C40A44B" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,328,1009,1033]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF5FED5C40A44B" box="[151,328,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
except
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC1C85FEE5F61A44B" box="[432,617,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC1C85FEE5F6DA44B" authorityName=", de Beaufort" authorityYear="1933" box="[432,613,1009,1033]" family="Cobitidae" genus="Acanthophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pahangensis">L. pahangensis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
have scales on top of head (vs. scales absent on top of head in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF58095C77A46F" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,383,1045,1069]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF58095C77A46F" box="[151,383,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalichthys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
except in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC189580A5F51A46F" authorityName="Havird & Page" authorityYear="2010" box="[497,601,1045,1069]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kranos">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC189580A5F51A46F" box="[497,601,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">L. kranos</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC2F7580A5E0DA46F" authorityName="Hora" authorityYear="1921" box="[655,773,1046,1069]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="irrorata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC2F7580A5E0DA46F" box="[655,773,1046,1069]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">L. irrorata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
), and on the cheek and opercle (vs. scales usually absent or deeply embedded on cheek and opercle in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC20B58255E53A413" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1863" box="[627,859,1081,1105]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC20B58255E53A413" box="[627,859,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalichthys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F36F1FFCADB2DC0BF58415E48A544" blockId="1.[151,1436,644,1649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0BF58415C70A437" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[199,376,1117,1141]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0BF58415C70A437" box="[199,376,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC26858425F69A437" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1860" box="[528,609,1118,1141]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Pangio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC26858425F69A437" box="[528,609,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Pangio</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in having scales on cheek and opercle (vs. no scales on head); complete lateral line (vs. no lateral line); eye very small and subcutaneous, or absent (vs. eye present, not so conspicuously small); 8–9 (vs. 5–6) branched dorsal-fin rays; and 6–8 (vs. 5–7) pelvic-fin rays (Havird
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC57958BA5834A4FF" box="[1281,1340,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2010).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF58D55C40A4A3" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,328,1225,1249]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF58D55C40A4A3" box="[151,328,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has 42–43 total vertebrae (among species for which data are available), and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC4E358D659E4A4A3" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1860" box="[1179,1260,1226,1249]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Pangio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC4E358D659E4A4A3" box="[1179,1260,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Pangio</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has 45–71 total vertebrae (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B00FFCADB2DC17658F15CC3A544" author="Roberts, T. R." box="[270,459,1261,1286]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" pagination="1 - 210" refId="ref8105" refString="Roberts, T. R. (1989) The freshwater fishes of western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia). Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, 14, 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1989">Roberts 1989:96</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, as species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC21458F15E38A547" authorityName="van Hasselt" authorityYear="1823" box="[620,816,1261,1285]" family="Cobitidae" genus="Acantophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC21458F15E38A547" box="[620,816,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Acantophthalmus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F36F1FFCADB2DC0BF590E5F0BA533" blockId="1.[151,1436,644,1649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
|
|||
|
|
In general appearance,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC1A1590D5F83A56B" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[473,651,1297,1321]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC1A1590D5F83A56B" box="[473,651,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is deep-bodied and slab-sided, and is readily distinguishable from
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF59295C8DA50F" box="[151,389,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF59295C8AA50F" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,386,1333,1357]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepidocephalichthys</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
which is more slender and much less slab-sided, and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC47D592A5954A50F" box="[1029,1116,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC47D592A5950A50F" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1860" box="[1029,1112,1334,1357]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Pangio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pangio</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
which is long, slender and generally eel-like in appearance.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9F36F1FFCADB2DC0BF59615899A633" blockId="1.[151,1436,644,1649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
|
|||
|
|
Based on nuclear gene data,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B00FFCADB2DC26459615E2FA5D4" author="Slechtova, V. & Bohlen, J. & Perdices, A." box="[540,807,1405,1430]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" pagination="812 - 831" refId="ref8173" refString="Slechtova, V., Bohlen, J. & Perdices, A. (2008) Molecular phylogeny of the freshwater fish family Cobitidae (Cypriniformes: Teleostei): Delimination of genera, mitochondrial introgression and evolution of sexual dimorphism. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 812 - 831. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2007.12.018" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
|||
|
|
Šlechtová
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC2ED59625FC3A5D7" box="[661,715,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (2008)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
hypothesized
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC3A95961598AA5D7" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[977,1154,1405,1429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC3A95961598AA5D7" box="[977,1154,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
to be closely related to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF59BD5F60A5F8" authority="(Hamilton 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[151,616,1441,1466]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Canthophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gongata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF59BD5C9BA5FB" box="[151,403,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Canthophrys gongata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Hamilton 1822)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, a species native to
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3377661FFCADB2DC30859BD5EA4A5F8" box="[880,940,1441,1466]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">India</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3377661FFCADB2DC3B859BD590EA5F8" box="[960,1030,1441,1466]" name="Nepal" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3377661FFCADB2DC46159BE5960A5FB" box="[1049,1128,1442,1465]" name="Myanmar" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Burma</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Bangadesh and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3377661FFCADB2DC54559BD5894A5F8" box="[1341,1436,1441,1466]" name="Pakistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B00FFCADB2DC0E659D95C46A59C" author="Shrestha, T. K." box="[158,334,1477,1502]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" refId="ref8141" refString="Shrestha, T. K. (2008) Ichthyology of Nepal: A study of fishes of the Himalayan waters. Himalayan Ecosphere, Kathmandu, Nepal, 390 pp." type="book" year="2008">Shrestha, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B00FFCADB2DC12559D95F90A59C" author="Talwar, P. K. & Jhingran, A. G." box="[349,664,1477,1502]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" refId="ref8243" refString="Talwar, P. K. & Jhingran, A. G. (1991) Inland fishes of India and Adjacent Countries, v. 1. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 541 pp." type="book" year="1991">Talwar and Jhingran, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). However, there is no morphological evidence to suggest a close relationship between
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC1DA59F55F5BA643" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[418,595,1513,1537]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC1DA59F55F5BA643" box="[418,595,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC2DE59F55E3FA643" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1838" box="[678,823,1513,1537]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Canthophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC2DE59F55E3FA643" box="[678,823,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Canthophrys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC39259F55993A643" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[1002,1179,1513,1537]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Lepidocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC39259F55993A643" box="[1002,1179,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Lepidocephalus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differ greatly from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C204D72FFCADB2DC0EF5A115C85A667" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[151,397,1549,1573]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cobitidae" genus="Canthophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gongata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B954EAE3FFCADB2DC0EF5A115C85A667" box="[151,397,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Canthophrys gongata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in general appearance, and lack the pattern of black dorsal saddles and black spots on the side of the body and the wide depressed head with large upwardly directed eyes. They also differ in having the lamina circularis on the 2
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C559BB9FFCADB2DC1CB5A485CCAA620" attach="left" box="[435,450,1620,1634]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">nd</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
ray (vs. medial rays) of the pectoral fin, and in having (vs. lacking) scales on the head.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|