treatments-xml/data/ED/07/87/ED0787C1FFEDFFB3FDE7FF0DFC65FC9B.xml

<document id="8AF475E9A290D36993B97DA2C5A18744" ID-CLB-Dataset="300722" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.649.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="710dcee7-bcec-464e-b88d-b4404164f39a" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215897" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722604868570" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Chen, Wei, Yu, Pan, Song, Gaofei &amp; Abate, Rediat" docDate="2024" docId="ED0787C1FFEDFFB3FDE7FF0DFC65FC9B" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.649.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 649 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.649.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Achnanthes licunese W. Chen, P. Yu, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="113EFFB9FFEFFFB9FD6FFFEBFFACFD43" masterDocTitle="A new freshwater species Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. (Achnanthaceae, Bacillariophyta) from pebbles of Licun River, Shandong Province, China" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1722808606253" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="177994042025AEFE48D773865AAEB78C">A new freshwater species Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. (Achnanthaceae, Bacillariophyta) from pebbles of Licun River, Shandong Province, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="62B6C09B96480723505BCF63D810CF0A">Chen, Wei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="25B7DEE9C8ED9B7E68171B499299EA1F">Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources &amp; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="99FD95A862A577A6CA532E48F927AD1C">Yu, Pan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A2EF4FB9426C26FACCD9D97E98A4CE7F">Song, Gaofei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="916B2A53B2624F82EC2A9981A5D87637">State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B858330C2485505EFEFAB4093144D827">Abate, Rediat</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="ED0787C1FFEDFFB3FDE7FF0DFC65FC9B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13214269" ID-GBIF-Taxon="237651017" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13214269" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED0787C1FFEDFFB3FDE7FF0DFC65FC9B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED0787C1FFEDFFB3FDE7FF0DFC65FC9B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<paragraph id="651136D7FFEDFFBBFDE7FF0DFBE4FC43" blockId="2.[136,1096,230,257]" box="[136,1096,230,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFEDFFBBFDE7FF0DFD9DFC43" authority="W. Chen, P. Yu" authorityName="W. Chen, P. Yu" box="[136,561,230,257]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEDFFBBFDE7FF0DFED5FC42" bold="true" box="[136,377,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Achnanthes licunese</emphasis>
W. Chen, P. Yu
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&amp; G.F. Song &amp; R. Abate, 
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFEDFFBBFE08FF0CFC11FC42" box="[871,957,231,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFEA3FF0DFBECFC43" box="[972,1088,230,256]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3–20" captionStart-2="FIGURES 21–23" captionStart-3="FIGURES 28–31" captionStart-4="FIGURES 32–35" captionStart-5="FIGURES 36–40" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1950,1972]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1952,1974]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,243,1809,1831]" captionStartId-3="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" captionStartId-4="7.[136,243,1796,1818]" captionStartId-5="8.[136,243,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox-0="[312,1273,1080,1912]" captionTargetBox-1="[175,1417,195,1927]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1430,193,1775]" captionTargetBox-3="[156,1431,197,1893]" captionTargetBox-4="[157,1431,197,1766]" captionTargetBox-5="[157,1429,195,1915]" captionTargetId-0="figure-403@2.[304,1283,1070,1922]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@3.[169,1418,190,1928]" captionTargetId-2="figure-24@4.[151,1436,187,1782]" captionTargetId-3="figure-24@6.[151,1436,190,1900]" captionTargetId-4="figure-19@7.[151,1436,190,1771]" captionTargetId-5="figure-24@8.[151,1436,190,1916]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionTargetPageId-5="8" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–2. Achnanthes licunses sp. nov. LM, the live cells 1. An unprocessed cell in girdle view. 2. Two unprocessed cells in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3–20. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. LM. 3–8. frustule in girdle view. 9–14. size diminution series of raphe valve. 15–20. size diminution series of rapheless valve. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-2="FIGURES 21–23. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, girdle view. 21. a complete girdle view of the frustule and the cone-shaped spines (arrows). 22–23. middle detail of 21, showing the areolae and silica granules on the girdle bands (wavy arrows). Scale bar: 10 µm (21); 2 µm (22–23)." captionText-3="FIGURES 28–31. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30)." captionText-4="FIGURES 32–35. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the external view of araphid valve (ARV). 32. external view of the whole valve. 34. central area of ARV. 33, 35. details of the apices of the valve, showing areolae and spines on the valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (32); 2 µm (34); 1 µm (33, 35)." captionText-5="FIGURES 36–40. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of araphid valve (ARV). 36. internal view of the whole valve. 37. central area of ARV. 38. detailed internal view of virgae and areolae 39–40. apices of ARV. Scale bars: 10 µm (36); 2 µm (37); 1 µm (38–40)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215899" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215901" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215903" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215909" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215911" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13215899/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13215901/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13215903/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13215909/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13215911/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 1–40</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="651136D7FFEDFFBBFDE7FEC5FB00FCBF" blockId="2.[136,1452,302,1049]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEDFFBBFDE7FEC5FEEEFC0B" bold="true" box="[136,322,302,328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">LM description</emphasis>
: Frustule usually chain-forming in colonies (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFE54FEC5FC33FC0B" box="[827,927,302,328]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3–20" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1950,1972]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox-0="[312,1273,1080,1912]" captionTargetBox-1="[175,1417,195,1927]" captionTargetId-0="figure-403@2.[304,1283,1070,1922]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@3.[169,1418,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–2. Achnanthes licunses sp. nov. LM, the live cells 1. An unprocessed cell in girdle view. 2. Two unprocessed cells in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3–20. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. LM. 3–8. frustule in girdle view. 9–14. size diminution series of raphe valve. 15–20. size diminution series of rapheless valve. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215899" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215901" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13215899/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13215901/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 1–8</figureCitation>
), with concave raphid valves (RV) and convex araphid valves (ARV) (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFCE7FEB9FE51FC2F" box="[392,509,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–20" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[175,1417,195,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[169,1418,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3–20. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. LM. 3–8. frustule in girdle view. 9–14. size diminution series of raphe valve. 15–20. size diminution series of rapheless valve. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215901/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 9–20</figureCitation>
). Each cell possesses two chloroplasts, separated by median transapical plane. Valves linear to linear-lanceolate with obtuse apices, slightly constricted at center. Valves length 38.0–53.5 μm, width 10.0– 12.5 μm (n = 200). Single row of areolae located between transapical costae, and 9–10 striae in 10 μm on both RV and ARV. RV with stauros reaching valve margins, while longitudinal raphe sternum runs along apical axis to center of valve. ARV without stauros but with sternum, often shifted to valve margin, narrow and linear.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2DB4655CFFEDFFBBFDD2FDEDFE8CF95B" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFEDFFBBFDD2FDEDFE8CF95B" blockId="2.[136,1452,302,1049]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEDFFBBFDD2FDEDFE25FF63" bold="true" box="[189,393,518,544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">SEM description</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFCF6FDEDFDB7FF63" box="[409,539,518,544]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 21–23" captionStart-1="FIGURES 28–31" captionStart-2="FIGURES 32–35" captionStart-3="FIGURES 36–40" captionStartId-0="4.[136,243,1809,1831]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" captionStartId-2="7.[136,243,1796,1818]" captionStartId-3="8.[136,243,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1430,193,1775]" captionTargetBox-1="[156,1431,197,1893]" captionTargetBox-2="[157,1431,197,1766]" captionTargetBox-3="[157,1429,195,1915]" captionTargetId-0="figure-24@4.[151,1436,187,1782]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@6.[151,1436,190,1900]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@7.[151,1436,190,1771]" captionTargetId-3="figure-24@8.[151,1436,190,1916]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionText-0="FIGURES 21–23. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, girdle view. 21. a complete girdle view of the frustule and the cone-shaped spines (arrows). 22–23. middle detail of 21, showing the areolae and silica granules on the girdle bands (wavy arrows). Scale bar: 10 µm (21); 2 µm (22–23)." captionText-1="FIGURES 28–31. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30)." captionText-2="FIGURES 32–35. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the external view of araphid valve (ARV). 32. external view of the whole valve. 34. central area of ARV. 33, 35. details of the apices of the valve, showing areolae and spines on the valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (32); 2 µm (34); 1 µm (33, 35)." captionText-3="FIGURES 36–40. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of araphid valve (ARV). 36. internal view of the whole valve. 37. central area of ARV. 38. detailed internal view of virgae and areolae 39–40. apices of ARV. Scale bars: 10 µm (36); 2 µm (37); 1 µm (38–40)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215903" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215909" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215911" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13215903/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13215909/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13215911/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 21–40</figureCitation>
): External RV valve face gently concave around transapical axis in girdle view, with at least three bands connecting two valves (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFFC5FDC1FD52FF07" box="[682,766,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–23" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,193,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[151,1436,187,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 21–23. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, girdle view. 21. a complete girdle view of the frustule and the cone-shaped spines (arrows). 22–23. middle detail of 21, showing the areolae and silica granules on the girdle bands (wavy arrows). Scale bar: 10 µm (21); 2 µm (22–23)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215903/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
). 2–4 rows of areolae present on mantle, no areolae in center (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFDFFFDA5FEB8FF2B" box="[144,276,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–23" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,193,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[151,1436,187,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 21–23. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, girdle view. 21. a complete girdle view of the frustule and the cone-shaped spines (arrows). 22–23. middle detail of 21, showing the areolae and silica granules on the girdle bands (wavy arrows). Scale bar: 10 µm (21); 2 µm (22–23)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215903/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 21–23</figureCitation>
). Band areolae similar to those on valve face. Rows of silica granules of varying sizes present at margin of valve mantle (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFC22FD99FE7DFFCF" box="[333,465,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–23" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,193,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[151,1436,187,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 21–23. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, girdle view. 21. a complete girdle view of the frustule and the cone-shaped spines (arrows). 22–23. middle detail of 21, showing the areolae and silica granules on the girdle bands (wavy arrows). Scale bar: 10 µm (21); 2 µm (22–23)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215903/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 22–23</figureCitation>
, wavy arrows). RV raphe filiform and straight, with proximal raphe ends straight and teardrop-shaped (Figs 24, 26), distal raphe ends deflected to same side (Figs 24–25, 27). Internally, RV with distinct stauros and costae extending from raphe sternum. Stauros robust (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFE02FD51FC43FF97" box="[877,1007,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,197,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,190,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 28–29</figureCitation>
), costae more robust at margin of valve (mantle) (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFD9AFD35FEDAFFBB" box="[245,374,734,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,197,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,190,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 28, 31</figureCitation>
). Central raphe fissure appears small and hooked-shaped (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFE92FD35FBFDFFBB" box="[1021,1105,734,760]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,197,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,190,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
); terminal fissures turn slightly in opposite direction of proximal ends, terminate in small C-shaped helictoglossae (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBF954FCE9FB23FE5F" box="[1083,1167,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,197,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,190,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
). External valve surfaces of ARV slight depression around valve margin (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFFC6FCCDFC99FE02" box="[681,821,806,833]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–35" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1796,1818]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,197,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,190,1771]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 32–35. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the external view of araphid valve (ARV). 32. external view of the whole valve. 34. central area of ARV. 33, 35. details of the apices of the valve, showing areolae and spines on the valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (32); 2 µm (34); 1 µm (33, 35)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215909/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs. 32–35</figureCitation>
). Cone-shaped spines distributed along margin on ARV (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFDFFFCA1FF4AFE27" box="[144,230,842,868]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–23" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,193,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[151,1436,187,1782]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 21–23. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, girdle view. 21. a complete girdle view of the frustule and the cone-shaped spines (arrows). 22–23. middle detail of 21, showing the areolae and silica granules on the girdle bands (wavy arrows). Scale bar: 10 µm (21); 2 µm (22–23)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215903/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 21</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFD9DFCA1FEC8FE26" box="[242,356,842,869]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–35" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1796,1818]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,197,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,190,1771]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 32–35. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the external view of araphid valve (ARV). 32. external view of the whole valve. 34. central area of ARV. 33, 35. details of the apices of the valve, showing areolae and spines on the valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (32); 2 µm (34); 1 µm (33, 35)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215909/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">32–33, 35</figureCitation>
, arrows). Internally, transapical costae thickened, sternum offset from center, elevated higher than costae (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFDB3FC85FEF3FECB" box="[220,351,878,904]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–40" captionStartId="8.[136,243,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,195,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[151,1436,190,1916]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 36–40. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of araphid valve (ARV). 36. internal view of the whole valve. 37. central area of ARV. 38. detailed internal view of virgae and areolae 39–40. apices of ARV. Scale bars: 10 µm (36); 2 µm (37); 1 µm (38–40)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215911/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 36–37</figureCitation>
). Areolae round or oval. Uniseriate striae composed of 2–7 areolae in middle portion of valve (Figs 24, 27), 1–7 areolae at apex (Figs 24–25, 27). On both valves, areolae occluded by complex cribra, often supported by 2–8 pegs, at almost same level with external valve surface of RV and ARV (Figs 25˗27, 33˗35). Occlusions evidently absent internally from valve surface of RV and ARV (
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFEDFFBBFFB8FC31FCFBFEB7" box="[727,855,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,197,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,190,1900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Figs 29–31</figureCitation>
, arrows, 37–40). Marginal ridge and terminal orbiculi not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="31D1665FFFEDFFBBFDE7F875FEC7FA9B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215899/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" startId="2.[136,243,1950,1972]" targetBox="[312,1273,1080,1912]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFEDFFBBFDE7F875FEC7FA9B" blockId="2.[136,1451,1950,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEDFFBBFDE7F875FE8FFAF0" bold="true" box="[136,291,1950,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEDFFBBFC46F875FD91FAF7" box="[297,573,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFEDFFBBFC46F875FE40FAF0" box="[297,492,1950,1971]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunses" status="sp. nov.">Achnanthes licunses</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFEDFFBBFC9CF874FD91FAF7" box="[499,573,1951,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
LM, the live cells 1. An unprocessed cell in girdle view. 2. Two unprocessed cells in girdle view. Scale bar: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="31D1665FFFECFFBAFDE7F84BFD3BFA99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215901/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" startId="3.[136,243,1952,1974]" targetBox="[175,1417,195,1927]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFECFFBAFDE7F84BFD3BFA99" blockId="3.[136,1451,1952,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFECFFBAFDE7F84BFE83FAF5" bold="true" box="[136,303,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">FIGURES 3–20.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFECFFBAFC59F84AFDE7FAF5" box="[310,587,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFECFFBAFC59F84AFE57FAF5" box="[310,507,1953,1974]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp. nov.">Achnanthes licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFECFFBAFF6EF84AFDE7FAF5" box="[513,587,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
LM. 3–8. frustule in girdle view. 9–14. size diminution series of raphe valve. 15–20. size diminution series of rapheless valve. Scale bar: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="31D1665FFFEBFFBDFDE7F8FAFEBFFA2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215903/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" startId="4.[136,243,1809,1831]" targetBox="[158,1430,193,1775]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFEBFFBDFDE7F8FAFEBFFA2D" blockId="4.[136,1451,1809,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEBFFBDFDE7F8FAFE97FA65" bold="true" box="[136,315,1809,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">FIGURES 21–23.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEBFFBDFC2EF8FAFDFAFA64" box="[321,598,1809,1831]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFEBFFBDFC2EF8FAFDABFA65" box="[321,519,1809,1830]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp. nov.">Achnanthes licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFEBFFBDFF63F8F9FDFAFA64" box="[524,598,1810,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
SEM, girdle view. 21. a complete girdle view of the frustule and the cone-shaped spines (arrows). 22–23. middle detail of 21, showing the areolae and silica granules on the girdle bands (wavy arrows). Scale bar: 10 µm (21); 2 µm (22–23).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="31D1665FFFEAFFBCFDE7F8E2FD82FA25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215905/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" startId="5.[136,243,1801,1823]" targetBox="[156,1433,192,1773]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFEAFFBCFDE7F8E2FD82FA25" blockId="5.[136,1452,1801,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEAFFBCFDE7F8E2FE9AFA5D" bold="true" box="[136,310,1801,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">FIGURES 24–27</emphasis>
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFEAFFBCFC52F8E2FDF8FA5C" box="[317,596,1801,1823]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFEAFFBCFC52F8E2FDAFFA5D" box="[317,515,1801,1822]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp. nov.">Achnanthes licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFEAFFBCFF66F8E1FDF8FA5C" box="[521,596,1802,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
SEM, the external view of raphid valve (RV). 24. external view of the whole valve. 26. central area of RV, showing the proximal raphe ends. 25, 27. apices of the valve, showing the terminal raphe fissure and areolae. Scale bars: 10 µm (24); 2 µm (26); 1 µm (25, 27).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="31D1665FFFE9FFBFFDE7F86FFB07F546" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215907" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215907/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" startId="6.[136,243,1924,1946]" targetBox="[156,1431,197,1893]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFE9FFBFFDE7F86FFB07F546" blockId="6.[136,1452,1924,2054]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE9FFBFFDE7F86FFE97FADA" bold="true" box="[136,315,1924,1946]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">FIGURES 28–31.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE9FFBFFC2CF86FFDF6FAD9" box="[323,602,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE9FFBFFC2CF86FFDA5FADA" box="[323,521,1924,1945]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp. nov.">Achnanthes licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFE9FFBFFF7FF86EFDF6FAD9" box="[528,602,1925,1946]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
SEM, the internal view of raphid valve (RV). 28. internal view of the whole valve. 29. central area of the valve, showing the proximal raphe ends, and central raphe endings are hookshaped. 30. detail of the internal areolae, showing the areolae is not occluded by the complex cribra. 31. apices of the valve, showing the detail view of areolae (arrows), terminal raphe fissure, helictoglossae, and margin of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (28); 2 µm (29); 1 µm (31); 0.5 µm (30).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="31D1665FFFE8FFBEFDE7F8EFFEE4FA21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215909/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" startId="7.[136,243,1796,1818]" targetBox="[157,1431,197,1766]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFE8FFBEFDE7F8EFFEE4FA21" blockId="7.[136,1452,1796,1890]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE8FFBEFDE7F8EFFE90FA5A" bold="true" box="[136,316,1796,1818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">FIGURES 32–35.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE8FFBEFC2CF8EFFDF6FA5A" box="[323,602,1796,1817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE8FFBEFC2CF8EFFDA5FA5A" box="[323,521,1796,1817]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp. nov.">Achnanthes licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFE8FFBEFF7FF8EFFDF6FA5A" box="[528,602,1796,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
SEM, the external view of araphid valve (ARV). 32. external view of the whole valve. 34. central area of ARV. 33, 35. details of the apices of the valve, showing areolae and spines on the valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (32); 2 µm (34); 1 µm (33, 35).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="31D1665FFFE7FFB1FDE7F87FFF77FAB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215911" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215911/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" startId="8.[136,243,1940,1962]" targetBox="[157,1429,195,1915]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFE7FFB1FDE7F87FFF77FAB2" blockId="8.[136,1452,1940,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE7FFB1FDE7F87FFE90FAEA" bold="true" box="[136,316,1940,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">FIGURES 36–40.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE7FFB1FC2BF87FFDF0FAE9" box="[324,604,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE7FFB1FC2BF87FFDA6FAEA" box="[324,522,1940,1961]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Achnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp. nov.">Achnanthes licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFE7FFB1FF7EF87EFDF0FAE9" box="[529,604,1941,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
SEM, the internal view of araphid valve (ARV). 36. internal view of the whole valve. 37. central area of ARV. 38. detailed internal view of virgae and areolae 39–40. apices of ARV. Scale bars: 10 µm (36); 2 µm (37); 1 µm (38–40).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="31D1665FFFE6FFB0FDEDFCEFFA8AFE5D" box="[130,1318,772,798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" startId="9.[130,218,772,798]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFE6FFB0FDEDFCEFFA8AFE5D" blockId="9.[130,1318,772,798]" box="[130,1318,772,798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FDEDFCEFFF59FE5D" bold="true" box="[130,245,772,798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Comparison of morphological characteristics of 
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FE6FFCEFFBB2FE5D" box="[768,1054,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE6FFB0FE6FFCEFFC61FE5D" box="[768,973,772,798]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Acnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp. nov.">Acnanthes licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFE6FFB0FEBBFCEFFBB2FE5D" box="[980,1054,772,798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and closely related taxa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="651136D7FFE6FFB0FDE9FCA6F7A9F8F5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<table id="17AEC477FFE60046FDE9FCC6F7A9F885" box="[134,2053,813,1478]" gridcols="13" gridrows="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<tr id="DB9E3495FFE60046FDE9FCC6F7A9FEC1" box="[134,2053,813,898]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FDE9FCC6FEEEFEC1" box="[134,322,813,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Species/feature</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FC3DFCC6FE16FEC1" box="[338,442,813,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Dimension Length(µm)</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FCBDFCC6FD9DFEC1" box="[466,561,813,898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Width(µm)</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF27FCC6FD5DFEC1" box="[584,753,813,898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Valve outline</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF90FCC6FCF1FEC1" box="[767,861,813,898]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">center</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FE01FCC6FB90FEC1" box="[878,1084,813,898]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Apices</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046F928FCC6FB05FEC1" box="[1095,1193,813,898]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Striae in 10 µm on RV</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046F9D6FCC6FAB3FEC1" box="[1209,1311,813,898]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Striae in 10 µm on ARV</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046F844FCC6F989FEC1" box="[1323,1573,813,898]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Spines</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FB5DFCC6F92CFEC1" box="[1586,1664,813,898]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Marginal ridge</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FBC3FCC6F8A5FEC1" box="[1708,1801,813,898]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Terminal orbiculi on ARV</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FA77FCC6F835FEC1" box="[1816,1945,813,898]" gridcol="11" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Habitat</th>
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FACAFCC6F7A9FEC1" box="[1957,2053,813,898]" gridcol="12" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Sources</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DB9E3495FFE60046FDE9FC49F7A9FE94" box="[134,2053,930,983]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FDE9FC49FEEEFE94" box="[134,322,930,983]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FDE9FC59FE89FE84" box="[134,293,946,967]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE6FFB0FDE9FC59FF48FE84" box="[134,228,946,967]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Acnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="licunese" status="sp.nov.">A. licunese</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CE957BEFFE6FFB0FD86FC59FE89FE84" box="[233,293,946,967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FC3DFC49FE16FE94" box="[338,442,930,983]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">38.0–53.5</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FCBDFC49FD9DFE94" box="[466,561,930,983]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.0–12.5</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF27FC49FD5DFE94" box="[584,753,930,983]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">linear to linear- lanceolate</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF90FC49FCF1FE94" box="[767,861,930,983]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">slightly constricted</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FE01FC49FB90FE94" box="[878,1084,930,983]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">obtuse</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F928FC49FB05FE94" box="[1095,1193,930,983]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9–10</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F9D6FC49FAB3FE94" box="[1209,1311,930,983]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9–10</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F844FC49F989FE94" box="[1323,1573,930,983]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">cone-shaped, distributed along the margin on the ARV</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FB5DFC49F92CFE94" box="[1586,1664,930,983]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">absent</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FBC3FC49F8A5FE94" box="[1708,1801,930,983]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">absent</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FA77FC49F835FE94" box="[1816,1945,930,983]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Freshwater</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FACAFC49F7A9FE94" box="[1957,2053,930,983]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">This study</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DB9E3495FFE60046FDE9FBEDF7A9F918" box="[134,2053,1030,1115]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FDE9FBEDFEEEF918" box="[134,322,1030,1115]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE6FFB0FDE9FBEDFF6FF918" authority="K. Toyoda &amp; Ji. Tanaka" authorityName="K. Toyoda &amp; Ji. Tanaka" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Acnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="secretitaeniata">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FDE9FBEDFEB0F958" box="[134,284,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">A. secretitaeniata</emphasis>
K.Toyoda &amp; Ji. Tanaka
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FC3DFBEDFE16F918" box="[338,442,1030,1115]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">18.0–67.0</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FCBDFBEDFD9DF918" box="[466,561,1030,1115]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9.0–13.0</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF27FBEDFD5DF918" box="[584,753,1030,1115]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">lanceolate to linear- lanceolate</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF90FBEDFCF1F918" box="[767,861,1030,1115]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">slightly constricted</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FE01FBEDFB90F918" box="[878,1084,1030,1115]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">broadly rounded</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F928FBEDFB05F918" box="[1095,1193,1030,1115]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9–11</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F9D6FBEDFAB3F918" box="[1209,1311,1030,1115]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8–10</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F844FBEDF989F918" box="[1323,1573,1030,1115]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">plate-like, at each apex</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FB5DFBEDF92CF918" box="[1586,1664,1030,1115]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">present</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FBC3FBEDF8A5F918" box="[1708,1801,1030,1115]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">absent</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FA77FBEDF835F918" box="[1816,1945,1030,1115]" gridcol="11" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Brackish water</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FACAFBEDF7A9F918" box="[1957,2053,1030,1115]" gridcol="12" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<bibRefCitation id="013F4B26FFE6FFB0FACAFBFDF85CF908" author="Heudre, D. &amp; Wetzel, C. E. &amp; Van de Vijver, B. &amp; Moreau, L. &amp; Ector, L." pageId="9" pageNumber="78" pagination="56 - 84" refId="ref4840" refString="Heudre, D., Wetzel, C. E., Van de Vijver, B., Moreau, L. &amp; Ector, L. (2020) Brackish diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from rivers of Rhin- Meuse basin in France. Botany Letters 168 (1): 56 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23818107.2020.1738269" type="journal article" year="2020">
Heudre 
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FA86FBFDF810F908" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DB9E3495FFE60046FDE9FB62F7A9F99D" box="[134,2053,1161,1246]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FDE9FB62FEEEF99D" box="[134,322,1161,1246]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE6FFB0FDE9FB62FF6DF99D" authority="(Hustedt) Levkov, Tofilovska &amp; Wetzel" authorityName="Levkov, Tofilovska &amp; Wetzel" baseAuthorityName="Hustedt" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Acnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinaensis">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FDE9FB62FF40F9DD" box="[134,236,1161,1182]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">A. sinaensis</emphasis>
(Hustedt) Levkov, Tofilovska &amp; Wetzel
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FC3DFB62FE16F99D" box="[338,442,1161,1246]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">32.5–43.0</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FCBDFB62FD9DF99D" box="[466,561,1161,1246]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.5–11.5</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF27FB62FD5DF99D" box="[584,753,1161,1246]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">linear to linear- lanceolate</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF90FB62FCF1F99D" box="[767,861,1161,1246]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">slightly broad</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FE01FB62FB90F99D" box="[878,1084,1161,1246]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">broadly rounded to trunctate</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F928FB62FB05F99D" box="[1095,1193,1161,1246]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10–11</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F9D6FB62FAB3F99D" box="[1209,1311,1161,1246]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10–11</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F844FB62F989F99D" box="[1323,1573,1161,1246]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">absent</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FB5DFB62F92CF99D" box="[1586,1664,1161,1246]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">present</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FBC3FB62F8A5F99D" box="[1708,1801,1161,1246]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">present</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FA77FB62F835F99D" box="[1816,1945,1161,1246]" gridcol="11" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Freshwater</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FACAFB62F7A9F99D" box="[1957,2053,1161,1246]" gridcol="12" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<bibRefCitation id="013F4B26FFE6FFB0FACAFB72F7A9F98D" author="Tofilovska, S. &amp; Wetzel, C. E. &amp; Ector, L. &amp; Levkov, Z." box="[1957,2053,1177,1230]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" pagination="15 - 42" refId="ref6186" refString="Tofilovska, S., Wetzel, C. E., Ector, L. &amp; Levkov, Z. (2014) Observation on Achnanthes Bory sensu stricto (Bacillariophyceae) from subaerial habitats in Macedonia and comparison with the type material of A. coarctata (Brebisson ex W. Smith) Grunow, A. coarctata var. sinaensis Hustedt and A. intermedia Kutzing. Fottea 14: 15 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.5507 / fot. 2014.002" type="journal article" year="2014">
Tofilovska 
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FACAFB52F87DF98D" box="[1957,2001,1209,1230]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DB9E3495FFE60046FDE9FAE6F7A9F801" box="[134,2053,1293,1346]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FDE9FAE6FEEEF801" box="[134,322,1293,1346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE6FFB0FDE9FAE6FF5AF801" authority="Levkov &amp; Tofilovska" authorityName="Levkov &amp; Tofilovska" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Acnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="prominula">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FDE9FAE6FF5AF861" box="[134,246,1293,1314]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">A. prominula</emphasis>
Levkov &amp; Tofilovska
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FC3DFAE6FE16F801" box="[338,442,1293,1346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">18.5–43.0</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FCBDFAE6FD9DF801" box="[466,561,1293,1346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.5–10.5</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF27FAE6FD5DF801" box="[584,753,1293,1346]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">linear-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF90FAE6FCF1F801" box="[767,861,1293,1346]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">slightly broad</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FE01FAE6FB90F801" box="[878,1084,1293,1346]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">attenuated and narrowly rounded</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F928FAE6FB05F801" box="[1095,1193,1293,1346]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">11–12</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F9D6FAE6FAB3F801" box="[1209,1311,1293,1346]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10–12</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F844FAE6F989F801" box="[1323,1573,1293,1346]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">absent</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FB5DFAE6F92CF801" box="[1586,1664,1293,1346]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">present</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FBC3FAE6F8A5F801" box="[1708,1801,1293,1346]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">present</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FA77FAE6F835F801" box="[1816,1945,1293,1346]" gridcol="11" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Freshwater</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FACAFAE6F7A9F801" box="[1957,2053,1293,1346]" gridcol="12" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<bibRefCitation id="013F4B26FFE6FFB0FACAFAE6F7A9F801" author="Tofilovska, S. &amp; Wetzel, C. E. &amp; Ector, L. &amp; Levkov, Z." box="[1957,2053,1293,1346]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" pagination="15 - 42" refId="ref6186" refString="Tofilovska, S., Wetzel, C. E., Ector, L. &amp; Levkov, Z. (2014) Observation on Achnanthes Bory sensu stricto (Bacillariophyceae) from subaerial habitats in Macedonia and comparison with the type material of A. coarctata (Brebisson ex W. Smith) Grunow, A. coarctata var. sinaensis Hustedt and A. intermedia Kutzing. Fottea 14: 15 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.5507 / fot. 2014.002" type="journal article" year="2014">
Tofilovska 
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FACAFAC6F87DF801" box="[1957,2001,1325,1346]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DB9E3495FFE60046FDE9FA9AF7A9F885" box="[134,2053,1393,1478]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<th id="984F5DE9FFE60046FDE9FA9AFEEEF885" box="[134,322,1393,1478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="A2AE4D54FFE6FFB0FDE9FA9AFF60F885" authority="(Brebisson &amp; Smith) Grunow" authorityName="Grunow" baseAuthorityName="Brebisson &amp; Smith" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthaceae" genus="Acnanthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="coarctata">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FDE9FA9AFF3FF8C5" box="[134,147,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FDF1FA9AFF43F8C5" box="[158,239,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">coarctata</emphasis>
(Brébisson &amp; Smith) Grunow
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FC3DFA9AFE16F885" box="[338,442,1393,1478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">29.0–44.5</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FCBDFA9AFD9DF885" box="[466,561,1393,1478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">7.0–9.5</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF27FA9AFD5DF885" box="[584,753,1393,1478]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">biundulate</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FF90FA9AFCF1F885" box="[767,861,1393,1478]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">constricted</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FE01FA9AFB90F885" box="[878,1084,1393,1478]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">attenuated and narrowly rounded or rostrate and rounded</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F928FA9AFB05F885" box="[1095,1193,1393,1478]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12–14</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F9D6FA9AFAB3F885" box="[1209,1311,1393,1478]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12–14</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046F844FA9AF989F885" box="[1323,1573,1393,1478]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">absent</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FB5DFA9AF92CF885" box="[1586,1664,1393,1478]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">present</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FBC3FA9AF8A5F885" box="[1708,1801,1393,1478]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">present</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FA77FA9AF835F885" box="[1816,1945,1393,1478]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Freshwater</td>
<td id="984F5DE9FFE60046FACAFA9AF7A9F885" box="[1957,2053,1393,1478]" gridcol="12" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
<bibRefCitation id="013F4B26FFE6FFB0FACAFA6AF7A9F8F5" author="Tofilovska, S. &amp; Wetzel, C. E. &amp; Ector, L. &amp; Levkov, Z." box="[1957,2053,1409,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" pagination="15 - 42" refId="ref6186" refString="Tofilovska, S., Wetzel, C. E., Ector, L. &amp; Levkov, Z. (2014) Observation on Achnanthes Bory sensu stricto (Bacillariophyceae) from subaerial habitats in Macedonia and comparison with the type material of A. coarctata (Brebisson ex W. Smith) Grunow, A. coarctata var. sinaensis Hustedt and A. intermedia Kutzing. Fottea 14: 15 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.5507 / fot. 2014.002" type="journal article" year="2014">
Tofilovska 
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE6FFB0FACAFA4AF87DF8F5" box="[1957,2001,1441,1462]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="2DB4655CFFE5FFB3FDD2FF75FA80FC43" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFE5FFB3FDD2FF75FA80FC43" blockId="10.[136,1452,158,473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE5FFB3FDD2FF75FEADFDFB" bold="true" box="[189,257,158,184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<collectingCountry id="1DB97647FFE5FFB3FC71FF75FED4FDFB" box="[286,376,158,184]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">CHINA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="A76AF835FFE5FFB3FCE4FF75FDC3FDFB" box="[395,623,158,184]" country="China" name="Shandong" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Shandong Province</collectingRegion>
, Licun River, 
<geoCoordinate id="009A5010FFE5FFB3FE4CFF4BFC6CFDF8" box="[803,960,160,187]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="9" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="24.77" value="36.156883">36°9′24.77″N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="009A5010FFE5FFB3FEBCFF4BFB25FDF8" box="[979,1161,160,187]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="37.92" value="120.4272">120°25′37.92″E</geoCoordinate>
, 
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a.s.l., 
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE5FFB3F85DFF74FA08FDFB" box="[1330,1444,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Wei Chen</emphasis>
, 
<date id="11101017FFE5FFB3FDE7FF29FECBFD9F" box="[136,359,194,220]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" value="2021-12-04">
4 
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December 2021
</date>
. Slide no. 
<collectionCode id="03BFAE12FFE5FFB3FC85FF29FD8CFD9F" box="[490,544,194,220]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13303" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13303" name="Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">HBI</collectionCode>
! LC06, 
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, retained in: Freshwater Algal Herbarium (
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), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China. Representative specimens on 
<figureCitation id="FD952A52FFE5FFB3F9EEFF0DFA84FC43" box="[1153,1320,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–20" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[175,1417,195,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[169,1418,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 3–20. Achnanthes licunese sp. nov. LM. 3–8. frustule in girdle view. 9–14. size diminution series of raphe valve. 15–20. size diminution series of rapheless valve. Scale bar: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13215901/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Figs 11 and 18</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2DB4655CFFE5FFB3FDD2FEE1FE6BFC0B" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE5FFB3FDD2FEE1FEE4FC67" bold="true" box="[189,328,266,292]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The species name was coined after the name of the river it was discovered, the Licun River in 
<collectingRegion id="A76AF835FFE5FFB3FDE7FEC5FECFFC0B" box="[136,355,302,328]" country="China" name="Shandong" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Shandong Province</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="1DB97647FFE5FFB3FC1DFEC5FE17FC0B" box="[370,443,302,328]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">China</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2DB4655CFFE5FFB3FDD2FEB9FB13FC2F" box="[189,1215,338,365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE5FFB3FDD2FEB9FEF5FC2F" bold="true" box="[189,345,338,364]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Distribution:</emphasis>
—The newly described species is currently known only from its 
<typeStatus id="BA158875FFE5FFB3F941FEB8FBF2FC2E" box="[1070,1118,339,365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2DB4655CFFE5FFB3FDD2FE9DFC65FC9B" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="651136D7FFE5FFB3FDD2FE9DFC65FC9B" blockId="10.[136,1452,158,473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="57DAEAC5FFE5FFB3FDD2FE9DFE8AFCD3" bold="true" box="[189,294,374,400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Ecology:</emphasis>
—Water temperature was 11.9 ℃, pH was 7.3, dissolved oxygen was 
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·L- 
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, oxidation-reduction potential was 135 mv, and turbidity was 4.2 NTU. The concentrations of nitrate, nitrous, ammonia, and total phosphorus were 
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·L- 
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, 
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, 
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·L- 
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, and 
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·L- 
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, respectively.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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