132 lines
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132 lines
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<document id="EB67648CBE38B8F6E280057E28867CCD" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="0656CC63-BC6D-40DB-9388-D736823AC073" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629817332400" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grearson, K. John & Liston, Andrew D." docDate="2012" docId="C62AD923BD38FF96FF34F950FB25FD2C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03502p088.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3502" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pristiphora armata" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="3A13A15BBD3BFF92FFA3FFF2FFADFFA8" masterDocTitle="Review of seasonal polyphenism in the Symphyta (Hymenoptera), exemplified by Pristiphora leucopus (Hellén, 1948) (Tenthredinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="72" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1699115887158" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="7D9C5DF21BA3C468D3B6182CE9C8DC73" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3D72A0160FB392B277CDFE80D83B1955">
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<mods:title id="88B2AAE4BA00B97E011BDCB714B3075A">Review of seasonal polyphenism in the Symphyta (Hymenoptera), exemplified by Pristiphora leucopus (Hellén, 1948) (Tenthredinidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="FD6EB2A211F23473216922FC4D389953" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="89C8AF93647C3BDC2F849CA29A90F7BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="02E576EC640CD7FEA15B88E5530606FF">Grearson, K. John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="431A5C94FE706B344AA438637EA484F7">10 Eastfield, Ashton Keynes, Swindon, Wiltshire, SN 6 6 PR, England. E-mail: grearsonkj @ waitrose. com</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="AC10076E136E0596E6581A175E413484" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5031FF29BBBF56A554E282CBABD66B2A">Liston, Andrew D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D003483E49ED8F96D99A02341AC17EA9">Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F872C7C2A341A956C0EDE90B77C3F85F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C4AAF993DBE96A939209919BA6AFCC06">
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<mods:title id="AB241C01B2E2715354C2EC5FFB62887D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FCE2FD58310AACF1C142BC2A6AFFE950">
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<mods:date id="E409C8F0F7F508B62D0E261AFCCB4AB5">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="037486C261A00E51D394DAF0384E37B8">2012-10-01</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="790568349CF990B5687A92809845F416" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FDC8F0999A0CEF40903683EBE5FCB26D">3502</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BB342C24EA6AB8B39F825603801D6E84">72</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="484F98E85B00CD24ECE563D8235E7FFC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="404E1D462AD3B0D3A886F6F29542155F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C62AD923BD38FF96FF34F950FB25FD2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5257660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5257660" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C62AD923BD38FF96FF34F950FB25FD2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C62AD923BD38FF96FF34F950FB25FD2C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
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<subSubSection id="06993BBEBD38FF91FF34F950FED0F914" box="[151,381,1698,1724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4E3C6835BD38FF91FF34F950FED0F914" blockId="3.[151,381,1698,1724]" box="[151,381,1698,1724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
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<heading id="1574DF59BD38FF91FF34F950FED0F914" bold="true" box="[151,381,1698,1724]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD38FF91FF34F950FED0F914" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[151,381,1698,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD38FF91FF34F950FED0F914" bold="true" box="[151,381,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Pristiphora armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06993BBEBD38FF96FF34F915FB25FD2C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="4E3C6835BD38FF91FF34F915FE62F8A9" blockId="3.[151,463,1767,1793]" box="[151,463,1767,1793]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
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<heading id="1574DF59BD38FF91FF34F915FE62F8A9" bold="true" box="[151,463,1767,1793]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD38FF91FF34F915FE62F8A9" bold="true" box="[151,463,1767,1793]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
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<typeStatus id="9138D697BD38FF91FF34F915FF78F8A9" box="[151,213,1767,1793]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Type</typeStatus>
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material examined:
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E3C6835BD38FF96FF34F8DCFC51FE78" blockId="3.[151,1436,1838,2006]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,644]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
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Twelve extant specimens were examined that had been placed under the name
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD38FF91FB8EF8DDFB5BF8EE" box="[1069,1270,1839,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD38FF91FB8EF8DDFB5BF8EE" box="[1069,1270,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Nematus armatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Thomson’s collection at Lund. Four of them are male specimens and cannot be considered to be
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<typeStatus id="9138D697BD38FF91FBC3F8A1FB68F8C3" box="[1120,1221,1875,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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, because Thomson (1863) described only the female. One female specimen has all-black antennae and a lancet that resembles that of
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD38FF91FF34F869FDE7F81A" authority="Lindqvist, 1955" authorityName="Lindqvist" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,586,1946,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subopaca">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD38FF91FF34F869FE21F81B" box="[151,396,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Pristiphora subopaca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2A1215C4BD38FF91FE37F868FDE7F81A" author="Lindqvist, E." box="[404,586,1946,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" pagination="35 - 50" refId="ref12402" refString="Lindqvist, E. (1955) Uber einige Pristiphora - Arten aus Fennoskandien (Hym., Tenthredinidae). Notulae Entomologicae, 35, 35 - 50." type="journal article" year="1955">Lindqvist, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This cannot be a
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<typeStatus id="9138D697BD38FF91FCBEF869FCDAF81B" box="[797,887,1947,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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, because Thomson described the antennae of
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD38FF91FA21F869FF5EF87E" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD38FF91FA21F869FF5EF87E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">N. armatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as reddish. The remaining
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<specimenCount id="5885A3BCBD38FF91FD99F84DFD57F87E" box="[570,762,1982,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="generic">seven specimens</specimenCount>
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are all females which appeared, on the basis of external morphology, to be
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD3FFF96FED2FF6BFE72FF18" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[369,479,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD3FFF96FED2FF6BFE72FF18" box="[369,479,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as described in this paper. One had been examined previously by E. Lindqvist and determined as
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD3FFF96FE9DFF4FFD3EFF7C" authority="(Hartig, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[318,659,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD3FFF96FE9DFF4FFE48FF7C" box="[318,485,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">P. crassicornis</emphasis>
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(Hartig, 1837)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Slides were made of the lancets of
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<specimenCount id="5885A3BCBD3FFF96FB9BFF4EFB72FF7C" box="[1080,1247,188,212]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
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(KJG/X112 and X197). These resembled the lancets of
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD3FFF96FDF4FF13FD68FF50" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[599,709,225,248]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD3FFF96FDF4FF13FD68FF50" box="[599,709,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as described below except that the serrulae were much shorter: even shorter than those of
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD3FFF96FE1FFEF7FD96FEB4" baseAuthorityName="Hellen" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[444,571,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucopus">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD3FFF96FE1FFEF7FD96FEB4" box="[444,571,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">P. leucopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The ratio of the lengths of the precalcars and postcalcars of serrulae 5–7 was only about 1.5 compared to 1.84 for the
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD3FFF96FDF4FEDBFD6EFEE8" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[599,707,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD3FFF96FDF4FEDBFD6EFEE8" box="[599,707,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lancets measured in this study. No data is available regarding the plant associations of these Swedish specimens. The dates of collection are not clearly marked on any of the specimens and the localities indicated only as abbreviations. Research into these abbreviations (
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<bibRefCitation id="2A1215C4BD3FFF96FB74FE9DFAF1FE2F" author="Fitton, M. G." box="[1239,1372,367,391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref12114" refString="Fitton, M. G. (1982) A catalogue and reclassification of the Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) described by C. G. Thomson. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology series, 45 (1), 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1982">Fitton 1982</bibRefCitation>
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& R. Danielsson pers. comm.) has revealed that the
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<specimenCount id="5885A3BCBD3FFF96FD06FE66FCEEFE04" box="[677,835,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="female">seven females</specimenCount>
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which appeared to be
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD3FFF96FBE0FE67FB1DFE04" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1091,1200,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD3FFF96FBE0FE67FB1DFE04" box="[1091,1200,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were all collected in the locations mentioned in Thomson’s 1863 paper and are therefore
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<typeStatus id="9138D697BD3FFF96FC31FE4AFC55FE78" box="[914,1016,440,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E3C6835BD3FFF96FF64FE2EFB25FD2C" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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The short serrulae of the
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<specimenCount id="5885A3BCBD3FFF96FE4DFE2EFD29FE5C" box="[494,644,476,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">two syntypes</specimenCount>
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of which the lancets were examined may indicate that these are not conspecific with
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<taxonomicName id="898313B6BD3FFF96FEFAFDF3FE6AFDB0" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[345,455,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis id="7CF7B427BD3FFF96FEFAFDF3FE6AFDB0" box="[345,455,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as currently understood. Examination of other adult specimens offered no support for the hypothesis that a further case of seasonal polyphenism is involved. We have decided not to designate a
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<typeStatus id="9138D697BD3FFF96FF34FDB5FF50FDF7" box="[151,253,583,607]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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at present. In view of the large number of nominal taxa in the group and numerous taxonomic uncertainties, a
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<typeStatus id="9138D697BD3FFF96FEE4FD9EFE00FD2C" box="[327,429,620,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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designation should be undertaken during a revision of the group.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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