716 lines
82 KiB
XML
716 lines
82 KiB
XML
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<document id="C118AC17CD7AE665E5CED891D0CC9C7F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3731.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f6246580-cb2c-4fd5-8e62-c7451ddd838d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="223341" ID-ZooBank="E528CF92-A23A-4C1B-B6E4-308668EBF692" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460693948346" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Angulo, Arturo & Gracian-Negrete, Jatziry Marlene" docDate="2013" docId="03DC804EFFE84645FF5E644847A0FC22" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03731p266.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3731 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Brycon costaricensis Angulo & Gracian-Negrete, 2013, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="263" masterDocId="FFE5F836FFEB464DFFC967184236FFCE" masterDocTitle="A new species of Brycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from Nicaragua and Costa Rica, with a key to the lower Mesoamerican species of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="266" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="258" updateTime="1698352003117" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="4785F41813038052422DA207A51188CE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="05C5177F0535BA942917DFB80831045E">
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<mods:title id="4D249DFB879BDE6B703BC649EB040589">A new species of Brycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from Nicaragua and Costa Rica, with a key to the lower Mesoamerican species of the genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F3F192C5A440D9E8CBF3F9FBFDA5A91B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CFE97288196130A18C80A5A12F19AD86">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="309F279F11D190AF874449CDD81C9EBC">Angulo, Arturo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3AB278EFDAE337E5D3A24A072EA676D8" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3DBED1BB15FDA97A71B861447C0999DB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BE3E7AF4DE54BA9770102B9EA1B1A21A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7DF493EE7E67BAF6427E8F04328359EE">Gracian-Negrete, Jatziry Marlene</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0AD230D4C6A1B3E761C99946879A6B9A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9AA042A3057C40B0BB07741AD508115A">
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<mods:title id="200B09BF506DD587B1A7A67DD58A0692">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B097E2066D1EDC99DBA07296B0C3F98B">
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<mods:date id="01B587589E4D737BE358ED8EAF4F8F3E">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E763820CEF5C63F08BE1C023DF23A608" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="114AD4F6D658A5E3C8EAFCEC402E0E4D">3731</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="C5A27E318706935BBBD4DA092916BDD1" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="6157BC8B32908B0C0C075A1FFF6D317E">2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="0C53C17F88ABFE39EC05CAC6CBB6B595" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="5FDFB60AD05CEF121FD3E0C40710986D">255</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="B473BED9D7A1B4D684B024C43D73E037">266</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="6B77FA9CCAA7734BED395557C4B4F881">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D0CA4B66BC6A135CA06D5D78D5DAF059" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3731.2.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1F0C1A844BC7B2FC6D3080E2CB714E57" type="GBIF-Dataset">f6246580-cb2c-4fd5-8e62-c7451ddd838d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C8FA2C20596E728A0F4769E324DF33EB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="696A069D34403E5895E9D69133E185B3" type="Zenodo-Dep">223341</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A2B06789FB00B32C9750BD7606CD12BF" type="ZooBank">E528CF92-A23A-4C1B-B6E4-308668EBF692</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03DC804EFFE84645FF5E644847A0FC22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6157872" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119581389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6157872" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC804EFFE84645FF5E644847A0FC22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC804EFFE84645FF5E644847A0FC22" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
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<subSubSection id="C36F62D3FFE8464EFF5E64484693F95C" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE8464EFF5E64484019FCA4" blockId="3.[151,559,848,908]" box="[151,559,848,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
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<heading id="D0828634FFE8464EFF5E64484019FCA4" bold="true" box="[151,559,848,874]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFF5E64484019FCA4" bold="true" box="[151,559,848,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE8464EFF5E644843A6FCA4" ID-CoL="NH74" box="[151,400,848,874]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFF5E644843A6FCA4" bold="true" box="[151,400,848,874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Brycon costaricensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2325031FFE8464EFE5664484019FCA4" box="[415,559,848,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE8464EFF5E646B4360FC42" blockId="3.[151,559,848,908]" box="[151,342,883,908]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
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<tableCitation id="C6F704E3FFE8464EFF5E646B42DFFC42" box="[151,233,883,908]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of holotype (H) and paratypes (n = 50) of Brycon costaricensis. (SD = standard deviation)." pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Table 1</tableCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFE8464EFF31646B4360FC42" box="[248,342,883,908]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1225,1247]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,193,1199]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1444,193,1200]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A) Holotype (128.1 mm SL) of Brycon costaricensis depicting live coloration (photo by Atsunobu Murase) and (B) preserved paratype (UCR 0 457, 98.5 mm SL)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223343/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE8464EFF5E64A44693F95C" blockId="3.[151,1436,955,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE8464EFF5E64A44341FC1F" box="[151,375,955,977]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
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<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFF5E64A44341FC1F" box="[151,375,955,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Brycon guatemalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(not Regan 1908): Meek, 1914: 108–109 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFCE364A341ABFC1F" box="[810,925,955,977]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope, Limón: Río
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFB7764A34719FC1F" box="[1214,1327,955,977]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Quebrada La Victoria, Río Zent and Río Parismina); Fowler, 1923: 23 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC9664C241FDFC3E" box="[863,971,986,1008]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope: Río Eden and Río Tunky); Hildebrand, 1938: 275 (key), 281–282 (distribution, in part: “ranges on the Atlantic slope from
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFB7F64E04715FBC0" box="[1206,1315,1016,1038]" name="Guatemala" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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to Western
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFF0E630F432AFBE3" box="[199,284,1047,1069]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Panama</collectingCountry>
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”;
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFEFA630F4393FBE3" box="[307,421,1047,1069]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFE17630F4070FBE3" box="[478,582,1047,1069]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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reference); Miller, 1966: 137 (distribution, in part: “Atlantic slope from the Río Grijalva, Tabasco and Chiapas,
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFDDA632E4056FB82" box="[531,608,1078,1100]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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southward to eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC80632E41A8FB82" box="[841,926,1078,1100]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Panamá</collectingCountry>
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”;
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC7C632E4613FB82" box="[949,1061,1078,1100]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFB95632E46F2FB82" box="[1116,1220,1078,1100]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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reference); Bussing, 1976: 158–161 (distribution, in part: Atlantic slope from
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFCE6634C41ABFBA4" box="[815,925,1108,1130]" name="Guatemala" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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to Western
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFBEA634D4641FBA4" box="[1059,1143,1109,1130]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Panama</collectingCountry>
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;
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFB4F634C46CEFBA4" box="[1158,1272,1108,1130]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFAFA634C47ADFBA4" box="[1331,1435,1108,1130]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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reference); Bussing & López, 1977: 16, 20, 24, 27 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD29636B4162FB47" box="[736,852,1139,1161]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope, Alajuela: Arenal Drainage); Géry, 1977: 339 (distribution, in part: “Central
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFDF9638A40BAFB66" box="[560,652,1170,1192]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">America</collectingCountry>
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”;
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD6B638A4124FB66" box="[674,786,1170,1192]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC8E638A4199FB66" box="[839,943,1170,1192]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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reference); Bussing, 1985: 457 (distribution, in part: Atlantic slope from
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFE0463A8400DFB08" box="[461,571,1200,1222]" name="Guatemala" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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to western
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD7C63A9413EFB08" box="[693,776,1201,1222]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, with two discontinuities;
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFBD063A846BFFB08" box="[1049,1161,1200,1222]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFB7763A84710FB08" box="[1214,1318,1200,1222]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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reference); Bussing, 1987: 75–76 (distribution, in part: Atlantic slope from Grijalva,
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC3563D7467FFB2B" box="[1020,1097,1231,1253]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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to western
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFB1F63C8471FFB2B" box="[1238,1321,1232,1253]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, with two discontinuities;
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFEA063F643EEFACA" box="[361,472,1262,1284]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFDC463F64043FACA" box="[525,629,1262,1284]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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reference); Burcham, 1988: 277–283 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFBCF63F6464CFACA" box="[1030,1146,1262,1284]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope, Heredia: La Selva Biological Station, Río Puerto Viejo: alimentation); Ulloa-Rojas
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<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFC57621641E7FAEC" box="[926,977,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">et. al</emphasis>
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, 1989: 128–129 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFB41621446CAFAEC" box="[1160,1276,1292,1314]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope, Alajuela: Arenal Drainage); Bussing, 1993: 779 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD0162334108FA8F" box="[712,830,1323,1345]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope, Heredia: La Selva Biological Station, Río Puerto Viejo: ecology); Bussing, 1994: 196–198 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD0262524176FAAE" box="[715,832,1354,1376]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope, Heredia: La Selva Biological Station, Río Puerto Viejo: ecology); Horn, 1997: 259–263 (
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD5562704139FAB0" box="[668,783,1384,1406]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic slope, Heredia: La Selva Biological Station, Río Puerto Viejo: seed dispersion of
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<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE8464EFE1262904043FA53" box="[475,629,1415,1437]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="glabatra">
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<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFE1262904043FA53" box="[475,629,1415,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Ficus glabatra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); Bussing, 1998: 92–96 (distribution, in part: Atlantic slope from Grijalva,
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFF0E62BE4322FA72" box="[199,276,1446,1468]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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to western
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFE4362BF43EBFA72" box="[394,477,1447,1468]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, with two discontinuities;
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD2162BE4160FA72" box="[744,854,1446,1468]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC4162BE41C6FA72" box="[904,1008,1446,1468]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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reference); Banack
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<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFB7462BF46C6FA72" box="[1213,1264,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2002: 232, 237, 239–241 (
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|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFEE662DC4392FA14" box="[303,420,1476,1498]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Atlantic slope, Heredia: La Selva Biological Station, Río Puerto Viejo: seed dispersion of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE8464EFAAD62DE432FFA37" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insipida">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFAAD62DE432FFA37" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Ficus insipida</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
); Drewe
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFEBE62FC439CFA37" box="[375,426,1507,1529]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2004: 890–899 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD9362FB40FDFA37" box="[602,715,1507,1529]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Atlantic slope, Heredia: La Selva Biological Station, Río Puerto Viejo: gut morphology, alimentation, digestive enzyme activity); Smith & Bermingham, 2005: 1839 (distribution, in part: “San Juan province”;
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFEA6613843E8F9F8" box="[367,478,1568,1590]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFDDB6138404CF9F8" box="[530,634,1568,1590]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
reference); Molina, 2006: 31–36 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC1461384667F9F8" box="[989,1105,1568,1590]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
: larval development); Reeves & Bermingham, 2006: 88 (distribution, in part: from “
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD0661274109F99B" box="[719,831,1599,1621]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
to
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC9661274187F99B" box="[863,945,1599,1621]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
”;
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC0C61274605F99B" box="[965,1075,1599,1621]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFBAD612746FAF99B" box="[1124,1228,1599,1621]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
reference); Herrera- Vásquez
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFEEC6147436FF9BA" box="[293,345,1630,1652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2007: 168 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFE1261464078F9BA" box="[475,590,1630,1652]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Atlantic slope); Espinoza, 2008: 1975 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFC216146466AF9BA" box="[1000,1116,1630,1652]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Atlantic slope, Alajuela: Caño Crucitas, Quebrada descubrimiento, Río Infiernillo, Quebrada Llano Verde and Quebrada Minas).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36F62D3FFE84648FF0E61A3467EFD4B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="260" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE8464EFF0E61A34302F8D2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1723,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE8464EFF0E61A3430DF91A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1723,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54CE8FFAFFE8464EFF0E61A34300F91A" box="[199,310,1723,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
UCR 2936-01:
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFE8464EFE2761A44069F91D" box="[494,607,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.281" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="128.1">128.1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFE8464EFD5D61A44126F91A" box="[660,784,1723,1748]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Atlantic slope, Heredia, Sarapiquí drainage, La Virgen de Sarapiquí, Río Sarapiquí, at the Tirimbina Biological Reserve,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFE8464EFC9A61F841AAF939" box="[851,924,1760,1784]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="149.0">149 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFE8464EFC6E61C74667F936" box="[935,1105,1759,1784]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" precision="1" value="10.415789">10°24'56.84"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFE8464EFB9561F8473FF936" box="[1116,1289,1760,1784]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" precision="1" value="-84.121864">84°07'18.70"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, C.A. Garita,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFE8464EFF5E601B4306F8D2" box="[151,304,1795,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2013-05-25">25 May 2013</date>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF0A61D0FFEF4649FF5E63D140A2FB30" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223343/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" targetBox="[160,1436,193,1199]" targetPageId="4">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEF4649FF5E63D140A2FB30" blockId="4.[151,1435,1225,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEF4649FF5E63D1433BFB10" bold="true" box="[151,269,1225,1247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (A) Holotype (128.1 mm SL) of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEF4649FDA563D24176FB11" box="[620,832,1226,1247]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEF4649FDA563D24176FB11" box="[620,832,1226,1247]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Brycon costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
depicting live coloration (photo by Atsunobu Murase) and (B) preserved paratype (UCR 0 457, 98.5 mm SL).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEF4648FF0E6233467EFD4B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1323,2031]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="260" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEF4649FF0E62334370FA8A" bold="true" box="[199,326,1323,1348]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54CE8FFAFFEF4649FF0E62334377FA8A" box="[199,321,1323,1348]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D73FAD1FFEF4649FE87623343D1FA8A" box="[334,487,1323,1348]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="generic">50 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FE316233409AFA8D" box="[504,684,1323,1348]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8645000000000003" metricValueMax="3.2510000000000003" metricValueMin="0.4779999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="186.45" valueMax="325.1" valueMin="47.8">47.8–325.1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL).
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEF4649FD276233414CFA8A" bold="true" box="[750,890,1323,1348]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEF4649FD2762334140FA8A" box="[750,886,1323,1348]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
UCR 0214-09: 2, 105.0–
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FB5662334724FA8D" box="[1183,1298,1323,1348]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.329" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="132.9">132.9 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Limón, Matina drainage, Quebrada Chocolate,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FDAE6256408DFAA9" box="[615,699,1358,1383]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="4.5">4.5 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SW of Moin, on road between Limón and Liverpool,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FA9F625647A1FAA9" box="[1366,1431,1358,1383]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FF5E626B4306FA42" box="[151,304,1395,1420]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="9.984719">9º59'04.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FEF2626B43D0FA42" box="[315,486,1395,1420]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-83.09153">83º05'29.51"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing and S. Salas,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FCE0626B41DEFA42" box="[809,1000,1395,1420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1967-10-20">20 October 1967</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0215-02: 3,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FB74626B4758FA45" box="[1213,1390,1395,1420]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1275" metricValueMax="1.288" metricValueMin="0.967" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="112.75" valueMax="128.8" valueMin="96.7">96.7–128.8 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Limón, Parismina drainage, Río Siquirres
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FDBD628E40FCFA61" box="[628,714,1430,1455]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
W of Siquirres on road between Moravia and Siquirres,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FA84628F47A1FA61" box="[1357,1431,1431,1455]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FF5E62A34308FA1A" box="[151,318,1467,1492]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.0875">10º05'15.00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FE8062A343C2FA1D" box="[329,500,1467,1491]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-83.54563">83º32'44.27"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, H. Nanne,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FDB062A3410FFA1A" box="[633,825,1467,1492]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1967-10-15">15 October 1967</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0263-08: 1, 234.0 mm SL, Alajuela, San Carlos drainage, Quebrada Máquina,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FE2462C7400AFA39" box="[493,572,1502,1527]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="4.2">4.2 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
from Florencia de San Carlos on road between Ciudad Quesada and Muelle de San Carlos,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FE8D611B43B6F9D5" box="[324,384,1539,1563]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FE44611B4003F9D5" box="[397,565,1539,1563]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.39583">10º23'44.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FD88611B40DDF9D5" box="[577,747,1539,1563]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-84.47759">84º28'39.33"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FC6D611B4640F9D2" box="[932,1142,1539,1564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1968-09-01">1 September 1968</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0444-10: 4, 144.8– 170.0 mm SL, Limón, Parismina drainage, Quebrada Salsipuedes,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FC5A613E41D5F9F1" box="[915,995,1574,1599]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="1.5">1.5 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
E. of Ventiocho Millas on provisional road to Limón,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FE84615343BCF9AD" box="[333,394,1611,1635]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FE5161534009F9AA" box="[408,575,1611,1636]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.088886">10º05'19.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FD84615340CEF9AD" box="[589,760,1611,1635]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-83.3623">83º21'44.27"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing, M. Bussing and R. Nishimoto,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FAD5615342E5F949" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1970-10-17">17 October 1970</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0843-02: 5,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FE616177406EF949" box="[424,600,1647,1671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.125" metricValueMax="11.47" metricValueMin="4.779999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="81.25" valueMax="114.7" valueMin="47.8">47.8–114.7 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Quebrada Santa Rita, from
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FC0A617741CBF949" box="[963,1021,1646,1671]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
above to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FBA26176468CF949" box="[1131,1210,1646,1671]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="1.5">1.5 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
below bridge,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FAAA617647AAF949" box="[1379,1436,1646,1671]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SW Florencia, San Carlos drainage, Alajuela,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEF4649FD63618B411FF962" box="[682,809,1683,1708]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FCFE618B41B4F965" box="[823,898,1683,1707]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FC59618B4677F965" box="[912,1089,1683,1707]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.323608">10º19' 24.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FB86618B46DDF965" box="[1103,1259,1683,1707]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-84.51667">84º31'0.01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, J. Prendas, W. González, W. López and M. Murillo,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FDF561AF4130F901" box="[572,774,1718,1743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1975-02-22">22 February 1975</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0929–01: 3, 130.6–
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FBE461AE46A9F901" box="[1069,1183,1718,1743]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.651" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="265.1">265.1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Alajuela, Lago de
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEF4649FF5E61C3433CF93A" box="[151,266,1755,1780]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
drainage, Río Zapote
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FDE261C340B5F93A" box="[555,643,1755,1780]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="2.6">2.6 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
S of Canalete, on Upala road, Lago de
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FB5F61C346EDF93D" box="[1174,1243,1755,1780]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FB3861C347AEF93A" box="[1265,1432,1755,1780]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.83333">10º49'59.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FF5E61E64377F8D9" box="[151,321,1790,1815]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-85.036064">85º02'09.83"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W. Bussing, H. Camacho and W. Gonzáles,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FC8D61E74629F8D9" box="[836,1055,1790,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1975-12-17">17 December 1975</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0948-03: 4,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FB3161E647AAF8D9" box="[1272,1436,1790,1815]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" metricValueMax="9.98" metricValueMin="6.42" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="82.0" valueMax="99.8" valueMin="64.2">64.2–99.8 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Guanacaste, San Carlos drainage, Quebrada Pérez
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FD36603B417BF8F2" box="[767,845,1827,1852]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="2.6">2.6 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
E of Arenal,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FC2C603B4618F8F5" box="[997,1070,1827,1852]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.22" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="522.0">522 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FBF3603B46D7F8F5" box="[1082,1249,1827,1851]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.472219">10º28'19.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FB24603B47A1F8F5" box="[1261,1431,1827,1851]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-84.828964">84º49'44.27"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing, E. Bussing and W. González,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FD6F605E416AF891" box="[678,860,1862,1888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1976-01-05">5 January 1976</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 1351-19:
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FBD6605F4682F891" box="[1055,1204,1862,1887]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1518" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="1151.8">1, 151.8 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Limón, Matina drainage, Río
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEF4649FEF66073434BF84A" box="[319,381,1899,1924]" name="Cuba" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, on road to Limón,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEF4649FDBC607340C1F84A" box="[629,759,1899,1924]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FCCE6073417EF84D" box="[775,840,1899,1924]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FC9060734636F84D" box="[857,1024,1899,1923]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.022222">10º01'20.00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FBD86073468DF84A" box="[1041,1211,1899,1924]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-83.220764">83º13'14.75"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FA4960734366F869" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1981-09-25">25 September 1981</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 1570-02: 1, 230.0 mm SL, Alajuela, Lago de
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEF4649FC5260964638F869" box="[923,1038,1934,1959]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
drainage, source of small stream,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FA476097428DF802" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
S of Bijagua,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FE9660AB439FF805" box="[351,425,1971,1995]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="440.0">440 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FE7F60AB406BF805" box="[438,605,1971,1995]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.719441">10º43'09.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FDA060AB4122F802" box="[617,788,1971,1996]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="-85.066666">85º03'59.99"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing, Ich. Course,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEF4649FB9460AB473AF805" box="[1117,1292,1971,1996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" value="1984-03-17">17 March 1984</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 1671- 01: 3, 84.0–
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEF4649FEFF60CE4382F821" box="[310,436,2006,2031]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5319999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="153.2">153.2 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Guanacaste, San Juan drainage, Tributary of Río Bijagua,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEF4649FB3860CE47AEF821" box="[1265,1432,2006,2031]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" precision="1" value="10.740278">10º44'25.00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FF5E678F4377FF7E" box="[151,321,151,176]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="-85.052734">85º03'09.84"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing, Ich. Course,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FD4D67804138FF7E" box="[644,782,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1985-05-04">4 May 1985</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 1809-09: 3,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FC2B678F46A5FF61" box="[994,1171,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2215" metricValueMax="1.4809999999999999" metricValueMin="0.962" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="122.15" valueMax="148.1" valueMin="96.2">96.2–148.1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Limón, Tortuguero drainage, Parque Nacional Tortuguero, Río Agua Fría,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FCD267A441F4FF1A" box="[795,962,188,212]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="10.463886">10º27'49.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FC1B67A4464BFF1B" box="[978,1149,188,213]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="-83.566666">83º33'59.99"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, K. Winemiller,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FA8867A442E4FF36" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1985-06-18">18 June 1985</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 1827-05: 1 (C&S), 73.0 mm SL, Limón, Parismina drainage, Quebrada Herediana,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FAC867C74709FF36" box="[1281,1343,223,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
NW of Siquirres, on road to Guápiles,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FE30661C4002FED2" box="[505,564,260,284]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FD88661C40DEFED2" box="[577,744,260,284]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="10.136108">10º08'09.99"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FD3D661C41A9FED3" box="[756,927,260,285]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="-83.5582">83º33'29.51"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing, Ich. Course,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FB2E661C47A1FED3" box="[1255,1431,260,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1986-03-21">21 March 1986</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 2147-02:
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FE8C663043E2FEF1" box="[325,468,296,320]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1404" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="1140.4">1, 140.4 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Alajuela, Lago de
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEE4648FD12663F4178FE8E" box="[731,846,295,320]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
drainage, Río Caño Negro, Parque Nacional Volcán Rincón de la Vieja, in the main stream,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FDBA665440F6FEAA" box="[627,704,332,356]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="m" value="310.0">310 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FD1966544141FEAB" box="[720,887,332,357]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="10.795834">10º47'45.00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FC4F66544607FEAB" box="[902,1073,332,357]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="-84.95547">84º57'19.68"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, S. Navarro, L. Villalba and J. Fraizer,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FF3A666843A9FE46" box="[243,415,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1989-03-11">11 March 1989</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 2852-01: 1 (C&S),
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FD0C6677411EFE49" box="[709,808,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.59" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="75.9">75.9 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Limón, Parismina drainage, Río Pacuare, J. Picado,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FF5E668C4302FE62" box="[151,308,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="2004-07-13">13 July 2004</date>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FE8B668C4388FE63" bold="true" box="[322,446,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFEE4648FE8B668C4388FE63" box="[322,446,404,429]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: UCR 0268-01: 3,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FD6F668C416DFE62" box="[678,859,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="10.55" metricValueMin="7.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="89.0" valueMax="105.5" valueMin="72.5">72.5–105.5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Zelaya, Escondido drainage, Río La Concha (flowing into Río Mico),
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FE7166A04037FE1E" box="[440,513,439,464]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
W of Ciudad Rama,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FD3F66AF4176FE01" box="[758,832,439,464]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FC8466A041CBFE1E" box="[845,1021,440,464]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="12.166667">12º10' 00.00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FBC366A04682FE1E" box="[1034,1204,440,464]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="-84.47759">84º28'39.33"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, J.D. Villa,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FAF466A042E5FE3B" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1968-04-21">21 April 1968</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0457-02: 7, 67.0–
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FE3966C44054FE3A" box="[496,610,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.855" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="185.5">185.5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Chontales, Prinzapolka drainage, Río Yoaya
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FB5466C446CDFE3B" box="[1181,1275,476,501]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="km" value="13.6">13.6 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
E of Siuna at road,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FF1F65184329FDD9" box="[214,287,512,536]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FEE2651843E4FDD6" box="[299,466,512,536]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="13.666667">13º40'00.00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FE14651840BEFDD6" box="[477,648,512,536]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="-84.3623">84º21'44.27"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing and G. Campos,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FC27651846BBFDD6" box="[1006,1165,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1971-04-14">14 April 1971</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 0461-10: 6,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FAAB66E742CBFDF2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.94" metricValueMax="8.29" metricValueMin="5.59" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="69.4" valueMax="82.9" valueMin="55.9">55.9- 82.9 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, Chontales, Escondido drainage, Río Muhán
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FCF9653C41B8FDF3" box="[816,910,548,573]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="km" value="17.4">17.4 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SE of Villa Somoza at Managua, Rama road,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FF5E655042D7FD91" box="[151,225,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, 12º11'00.00",
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE41579FFFEE4648FE45655F4001FDAE" box="[396,567,583,608]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" precision="1" value="-86.2514">86º15'05.04"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
, W.A. Bussing, G. Campos and A. Zepeda,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FBE0655046FDFDAE" box="[1065,1227,583,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1971-04-17">17 April 1971</date>
|
|||
|
|
; UCR 1086-01:
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FA4E6550433FFD4A" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3251" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="1325.1">1, 325.1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SL, San Juan drainage, Quebrada Peor es Nada, R. Beatty,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFCB1798FFEE4648FC6A65744672FD4B" box="[931,1092,620,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" value="1976-04-27">27 April 1976</date>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36F62D3FFEE4648FF0E65974166FC23" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEE4648FF0E65974166FC23" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FF0E65974377FD66" bold="true" box="[199,321,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FE8E65894006FD69" box="[327,560,656,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FE8E65894006FD69" box="[327,560,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Brycon costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differs from all other Central American
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FC3A65894672FD66" box="[1011,1092,657,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FC3A65894672FD66" box="[1011,1092,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Brycon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species by possessing 49 to 54 scales in the lateral line (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FE6465AD43FDFD02" box="[429,459,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FE1B65AC407DFD03" box="[466,587,692,717]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1557" metricValueMax="1.2192" metricValueMin="1.0922" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="in" value="45.5" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="43.0">43 to 48 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FD9865AD40EBFD02" box="[593,733,693,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argenteus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FD9865AD40EBFD02" box="[593,733,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B. argenteus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FD2265AC4155FD03" box="[747,867,692,717]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4731999999999998" metricValueMax="1.5493999999999999" metricValueMin="1.3969999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="in" value="58.0" valueMax="61.0" valueMin="55.0">55 to 61 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FCA365AD4606FD02" box="[874,1072,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FCA365AD461AFD02" box="[874,1068,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">B. guatemalensis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and more than
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEE4648FB1465AC4720FD03" box="[1245,1302,692,717]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6256" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="in" value="64.0">64 in</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FAD465AD47A3FD02" box="[1309,1429,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="behreae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FAD465AD47A3FD02" box="[1309,1429,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B. behreae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FF5E65C14306FD3E" box="[151,304,728,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chagrensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FF5E65C14306FD3E" box="[151,304,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B. chagrensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FEA265C143C0FD3E" box="[363,502,728,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striatulus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FEA265C143C0FD3E" box="[363,502,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B. striatulus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) and a anal fin notably longer than head, with 33 to 37 total rays (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FB3365C1472FFD3E" box="[1274,1305,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
an anal fin about equal to length of head, with 24 to 28 total rays in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FCEF65E54185FCDA" box="[806,947,765,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argenteus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FCEF65E54185FCDA" box="[806,947,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B. argenteus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FC0A65E5467FFCDA" box="[963,1097,764,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FC0A65E5467FFCDA" box="[963,1097,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B. obscurus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FB4365E54739FCDA" box="[1162,1295,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FB4365E5473DFCDA" box="[1162,1291,765,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petrosus">B. petrosus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
the last two species with 48 to 55 and 53 to 58 scales in the lateral line, respectively). The following combination of characters also can separate the species herein described from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEE4648FD1E645D41A0FC92" box="[727,918,836,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FD1E645D41A0FC92" box="[727,918,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B. guatemalensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: 5 or 6 rows of scales between lateral line and pectoral fin base (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FE9664714348FC4E" box="[351,382,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
7 or 8); 9 to 11 (generally 10) rows of scales between lateral line and dorsal fin base (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FAF76471476BFC4E" box="[1342,1373,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
10 to 12, generally 11); 5 to 7 (generally 6) rows of scales between lateral line and anal fin base (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FB5064954681FC6A" box="[1177,1207,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
7 to 9, generally 8); and a elongated and shallow caudal peduncle, whose length is 1.78 to 2.35 times its depth (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FB7E64A946E0FC06" box="[1207,1238,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
a short and deep caudal peduncle, whose length is 1.25 to 1.61 times its depth).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36F62D3FFEE4648FF0E64EF4775F813" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEE4648FF0E64EF41CCF99E" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FF0E64EF436FFBDE" bold="true" box="[199,345,1015,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Description.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Morphometric and meristic data are given in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6F704E3FFEE4648FC4864EF41ECFBDE" box="[897,986,1015,1040]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of holotype (H) and paratypes (n = 50) of Brycon costaricensis. (SD = standard deviation)." pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Body moderately slender, robust and moderately high in specimens above 300.0 mm of SL; largest body height at dorsal-fin level; sloped dorsal profile; head large, slightly acute anteriorly and moderately deep posteriorly, head depth about 64.30 to 79.22% (71.73%) of body deep; eye large and snout relatively short and conical, eye diameter about 0.86 to 1.65 (1.27) times snout length; mouth terminal, heterognathous, premaxillary extending slightly ahead of dentary, leaving 2 rows of teeth exposed in advance of it; maxillary almost reaching the middle of the eye, maxillary length about 28.38 to 37.33% (32.22%) of head length; lower jaw shorter than upper, leaving 2 rows of teeth exposed in advance of it; premaxillary teeth large, laterally in 2 series, anteriorly more or less definitely in 3 series (the outer series with 8– 10 (9) teeth, the second series with 7–10 (9) teeth and the inner series with 2 largest teeth); maxillary with 9–15 (11) medium sized teeth; dentary with 7–9 (8) large anterior teeth, 7–12 (9) small posterior teeth and 1 tooth at the symphysis, forming the inner row; first gill arch with 13–15 (14) lower gill rakers, 13–15 (14) upper gill rakers and 1 at angle; scales cycloid; lateral line complete from supracleithrum to caudal-fin base and decurved anteriorly; dorsal-fin origin equidistant from snout and base of caudal-fin or scarcely behind of the middle of SL; pectoral-fin longer than pelvic-fin, its length about 1.22 to 1.51 (1.38) times the pelvic-fin length or 0.75 to 1.12 (0.94) times the distance between the pectoral-fin origin and the pelvic-fin origin; anal-fin base almost equal in length that maximum body depth, its length about 0.85 to 1.09 (1.00) times the body depth; caudal peduncle large and shallow, its length about 1.78 to 2.35 (1.98) times its depth; caudal-fin broadly forked.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEE4648FF0E614446F8F8E6" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FF0E61444350F9BB" bold="true" box="[199,358,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Color in life.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
See
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFEE4648FE6D6144403EF9BA" box="[420,520,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1225,1247]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,193,1199]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1444,193,1200]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A) Holotype (128.1 mm SL) of Brycon costaricensis depicting live coloration (photo by Atsunobu Murase) and (B) preserved paratype (UCR 0 457, 98.5 mm SL)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223343/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A. Overall coloration silvery, some of the scales with blackish edges, forming vertical streaks; olive dark back and pearl white belly; pinkish, yellowish, olive or bronze color opercular bones (in adults); posterior edge of gill-opening blackish (in adults); paired fins transparent, light pink or reddish (in juveniles), rosy gray or dark (in adults); dorsal and adipose fins light pink, yellowish, reddish (in juveniles), rosy gray or dark (in adults); a more or less distinct blackish spot on the caudal peduncle; tail pale pink, yellowish, reddish (mostly in juveniles) or dark (mostly in adults); anal and caudal fins usually dark-edged.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEE4648FF0E602C4775F813" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEE4648FF0E602C43A1F883" bold="true" box="[199,407,1844,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
See
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFEE4648FE1C602C4001F882" box="[469,567,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1225,1247]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,193,1199]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1444,193,1200]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. (A) Holotype (128.1 mm SL) of Brycon costaricensis depicting live coloration (photo by Atsunobu Murase) and (B) preserved paratype (UCR 0 457, 98.5 mm SL)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223343/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B. Dorso-lateral body surfaces silvery to coppery, dark olive to dark brown dorsally, becoming gradually clear ventrally; posterior edge of gill-opening blackish (in adults); longitudinal stripes, present in some specimens, extending all along the trunk; moderate to darkly pigmentation on paired fins; dorsal and anal fins pale with some dark pigmentation on interradial membranes and distal margins; adipose-fin usually pigmented at the basis; relatively faint, rounded dark area on caudal peduncle; caudal-fin usually dark-edged.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36F62D3FFED464BFF0E678F4329FE46" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFED464BFF0E678F4329FE46" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFF0E678F4356FF7E" bold="true" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFED464BFEA56781406DFF61" box="[364,603,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFEA56781406DFF61" box="[364,603,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Brycon costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is known from Wawa basin in northern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFB8A678F4680FF7E" box="[1091,1206,151,176]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
to Matina basin in southern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFECA67A443B3FF1B" box="[259,389,188,213]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Atlantic slope (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFED464BFD8067A44086FF1A" box="[585,688,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[165,1429,439,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1429,439,1517]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. (A) Map of lower Central America, showing known distribution of Brycon costaricenses (light area); (B, C) typelocality (D, E) indicated by the star, circles represent remaining localities." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223344/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In addition, since no other
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFED464BFBC667A54656FF1A" box="[1039,1120,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFBC667A54656FF1A" box="[1039,1120,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Brycon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species has been recorded between Cangrejal, Aguán and Patuca basins in central
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFCCB67C74159FF36" box="[770,879,223,248]" name="Honduras" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and Coco and Ulám basins in northern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFAE067C747AAFF36" box="[1321,1436,223,248]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(Bussing 1998, Matamoros
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFE1D661D4039FED2" box="[468,527,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2009),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFED464BFDA3661D411DFED2" box="[618,811,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFDA3661D404DFED2" box="[618,635,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFD42661C411DFED2" box="[651,811,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">guatemalensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFCF7661D41FAFED2" box="[830,972,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">sensu stricto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) should now be considered as restricted from the Grijalva and Usumacinta basins in southern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFD32663F4166FE8E" box="[763,848,295,320]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(Miller
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFC78663141DDFE8E" box="[945,1003,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2006) to the Ulúa and Leán basins in northwestern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFEE6665443A9FEAB" box="[303,415,332,357]" name="Honduras" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, in the Atlantic slope, and to the Choluteca basin at the
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFBCE66544641FEAB" box="[1031,1143,332,357]" name="Honduras" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Honduran</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
Pacific slope (Matamoros
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFF5E666942F9FE46" box="[151,207,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2009).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF0A61D0FFED464BFF5E611A41B4F9F9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223344/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" targetBox="[165,1429,439,1515]" targetPageId="6">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFED464BFF5E611A41B4F9F9" blockId="6.[151,1436,1538,1591]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFF5E611A433DF9D9" bold="true" box="[151,267,1538,1560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (A) Map of lower Central America, showing known distribution of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFED464BFC0B611B46ACF9D6" box="[962,1178,1539,1560]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricenses">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFC0B611B46ACF9D6" box="[962,1178,1539,1560]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Brycon costaricenses</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(light area); (B, C) typelocality (D, E) indicated by the star, circles represent remaining localities.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36F62D3FFED4645FF0E6146436AFDAE" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFED464BFF0E614641EAF955" blockId="6.[151,1436,1630,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFF0E61464378F9B9" bold="true" box="[199,334,1630,1655]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The specific name,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFED464BFDF1614740FCF9B8" box="[568,714,1631,1654]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFDF1614740FCF9B8" box="[568,714,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, refers to the country of the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54CE8FFAFFED464BFBDE61474671F9B9" box="[1047,1095,1631,1655]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality:
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFB7C61474702F9B9" box="[1205,1332,1630,1655]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Atlantic slope, Heredia, Sarapiquí drainage, La Virgen de Sarapiquí, Río Sarapiquí.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFED464BFF0E61BE4170F8BD" blockId="6.[151,1436,1630,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFF0E61BE43B9F971" bold="true" box="[199,399,1702,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Common names.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Machaca, Sábalo, Sabalete, Machaca del Atlántico (Bussing 1998, Angulo
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFB2961BF4701F970" box="[1248,1335,1703,1726]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">in press</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFF0E61D243B8F92D" bold="true" box="[199,398,1738,1763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The literature mentioning
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFED464BFD7461D34180F92C" box="[701,950,1738,1762]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFD7461D34180F92C" box="[701,950,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Brycon guatemalensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
should eventually be revised regarding the origin of the material used (see Distribution).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFED464BFD6561F741AEF8C8" box="[684,920,1775,1798]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFED464BFD6561F741AEF8C8" box="[684,920,1775,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Brycon costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
inhabits some lakes in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFB6461F64716F8C9" box="[1197,1312,1774,1799]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36271C8FFED464BFA9561F742FBF8E5" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, but it is also abundant in fast-flowing rivers and streams since it is a very strong swimmer (Bussing & López 1977, Bussing 1998). It is found at elevations between 0 and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFED464BFC99602E41AEF880" box="[848,920,1846,1871]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in lakes, rivers and creeks (Bussing 1998). It tolerates temperatures between 21 and 34 °C (Bussing 1998).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF0A61D0FFEC464AFF5E61F94047F8FA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223345/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" targetBox="[153,1436,208,1720]" targetPageId="7">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEC464AFF5E61F94047F8FA" blockId="7.[151,1436,1761,1844]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFF5E61F94339F938" bold="true" box="[151,271,1761,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. A. Scatter plot of the first two axis of the CVA of the body shape for three Central American
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEC464AFAC861FA477CF939" box="[1281,1354,1762,1783]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFAC861FA477CF939" box="[1281,1354,1762,1783]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Brycon</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species (circles=
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEC464AFF26601943A8F8DB" box="[239,414,1791,1814]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFF26601943A8F8DB" box="[239,414,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">B. guatemalensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, squares=
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEC464AFDCE60194043F8DB" box="[519,629,1791,1814]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="behreae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFDCE60194043F8DB" box="[519,629,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">B. behreae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, equis=
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEC464AFD0E6019415FF8D8" box="[711,873,1793,1814]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFD0E6019415FF8D8" box="[711,873,1793,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">B. costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
). Deformation grids indicate extreme shape along CV axes (B=CV1-, C=CV1+, D=CV2-, E=CV2+).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFEC4645FF0E60794180FE46" blockId="7.[151,1436,1888,2022]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,1005]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
|
|||
|
|
Young specimens (less than
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEC464AFDCD60794065F8B6" box="[516,595,1889,1913]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
of total length) fed principally on insects while the largest ones (more than
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFEC464AFF5E609D42D1F853" box="[151,231,1925,1949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
of total length) consumed a large proportion of allochthonous vegetal matter, principally leaves (Burcham 1988). Horn (1997) and Banack
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFDDE60B14062F80F" box="[535,596,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2002) found that the largest individuals of this species can potentially disperse
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEC464AFF3360D6430EF82B" box="[250,312,1998,2021]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFF3360D6430EF82B" box="[250,312,1998,2021]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Ficus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp. (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFEC464AFEB560D543D8F82B" box="[380,494,1997,2021]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) seeds for long distances along watercourses. Drewe
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFEC464AFB8E60D64649F82B" box="[1095,1151,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2004) found that largest individuals of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FE88678143C0FF61" box="[321,502,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FE88678143C0FF61" box="[321,502,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
have relatively larger intestines than juveniles specimens, and an ontogenetical change of main gut enzymes, associated with the ontogenetic change in diet (from carnivores to mainly herbivores). In addition, as in the case of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FDAD67F941BCFF36" authority="Cuvier 1819" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1819" box="[612,906,223,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opalinus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FDAD67F940D2FF36" box="[612,740,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. opalinus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Cuvier 1819)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FC5F67F94671FF39" box="[918,1095,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FC5F67F94671FF39" box="[918,1095,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
possesses a large gall bladder, suggesting the importance of the digestion of lipids in these species (Drewe
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FBDB661D4678FED2" box="[1042,1102,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2004, Gomiero
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FAC7661D477CFED2" box="[1294,1354,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2008). Burcham (1988) also found that largest individuals of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FCC5663141F6FEF1" box="[780,960,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FCC5663141F6FEF1" box="[780,960,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are present in forest streams and usually absent from deforested areas that indicates that the removal of fruit trees from the banks of small streams leads to their local elimination or to a considerable decrease in their abundance.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE34645FF0E668C46CBFE3B" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
|
|||
|
|
Regarding the reproductive biology of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FDB6668D4107FE62" box="[639,817,405,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FDB6668D4107FE62" box="[639,817,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, little is known. Bussing (1998) mentions that pairs of this species lay eggs in an excavated nest in the sand substratum of creeks. Additionally, Molina (2006) describes their most relevant larval development characteristics after artificial fertilization of eggs of wild fish.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE34645FF0E6519436AFDAE" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FF0E65194383FDD9" box="[199,437,512,536]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FF0E65194383FDD9" box="[199,437,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Brycon costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is a delight for sport fisherman because of its fighting nature and the flesh is highly regarded (Bussing 1998). The latter author reported for this species a maximun size of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFE34645FB4A653C46D4FDF2" box="[1155,1250,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="500.0">500 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
and a maximun weight of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C8D9CBDFFE34645FEC16550436EFDAE" box="[264,344,584,608]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" unit="g" value="4300.0">4300 g</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C36F62D3FFE34645FF0E657447A0FC22" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE34645FF0E65744773FCDB" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FF0E6574430DFD4B" bold="true" box="[199,315,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
CVA recovered two distinct shape groups along both Canonical Variates (CV) (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFE34645FB1965744703FD4A" box="[1232,1333,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,208,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1437,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Scatter plot of the first two axis of the CVA of the body shape for three Central American Brycon species (circles = B. guatemalensis, squares = B. behreae, equis = B. costaricensis). Deformation grids indicate extreme shape along CV axes (B = CV 1 -, C = CV 1 +, D = CV 2 -, E = CV 2 +)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223345/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FA8265754301FD66" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FA8265754301FD66" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Brycon guatemalensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FEB965894014FD69" box="[368,546,656,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FEB965894014FD69" box="[368,546,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
specimens were evenly distributed among the two groups in CV1, meanwhile
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FF5E65AD437CFD02" box="[151,330,693,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FF5E65AD437CFD02" box="[151,330,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FE4C65AD43C9FD02" box="[389,511,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="behreae">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FE4C65AD43C9FD02" box="[389,511,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">B. behreae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
were likewise distributed among the two groups in CV2. Both canonical variate axis are significant at the p <.001 level based on the Wilk’s lamda value (the sum of squares within groups divided by the total sum of squares within and between groups). The CV1 explained 74.82% of the shape variance.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCA3158FFE34645FF0E643847A0FC22" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">
|
|||
|
|
An assignment test performed in CVAgen based on CV1 determined that all specimens had been correctly assigned to the respective group. Shape differences associated with the CV1 and CV2 are shown in
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFE34645FAFA645C47AEFC92" box="[1331,1432,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,208,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1437,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Scatter plot of the first two axis of the CVA of the body shape for three Central American Brycon species (circles = B. guatemalensis, squares = B. behreae, equis = B. costaricensis). Deformation grids indicate extreme shape along CV axes (B = CV 1 -, C = CV 1 +, D = CV 2 -, E = CV 2 +)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223345/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C754ADBFFE34645FF5E647143B3FCB1" box="[151,389,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bryconidae" genus="Brycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="263" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costaricensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B901ED4AFFE34645FF5E647143B3FCB1" box="[151,389,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Brycon costaricensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, with positive scores on CV1 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFE34645FD30647F4168FC4E" box="[761,862,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,208,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1437,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Scatter plot of the first two axis of the CVA of the body shape for three Central American Brycon species (circles = B. guatemalensis, squares = B. behreae, equis = B. costaricensis). Deformation grids indicate extreme shape along CV axes (B = CV 1 -, C = CV 1 +, D = CV 2 -, E = CV 2 +)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223345/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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C) and negative scores on CV2 (
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<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFE34645FB2A647F477EFC4E" box="[1251,1352,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,208,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1437,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Scatter plot of the first two axis of the CVA of the body shape for three Central American Brycon species (circles = B. guatemalensis, squares = B. behreae, equis = B. costaricensis). Deformation grids indicate extreme shape along CV axes (B = CV 1 -, C = CV 1 +, D = CV 2 -, E = CV 2 +)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223345/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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D), has slender bodies and caudal peduncles larger and shallower than specimens with negative scores on CV1 (
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<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFE34645FAE9649447B7FC6A" box="[1312,1409,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,208,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1437,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Scatter plot of the first two axis of the CVA of the body shape for three Central American Brycon species (circles = B. guatemalensis, squares = B. behreae, equis = B. costaricensis). Deformation grids indicate extreme shape along CV axes (B = CV 1 -, C = CV 1 +, D = CV 2 -, E = CV 2 +)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223345/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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B) as well as deeper heads, eyes displaced dorsally, anterior fins insertion displaced anteriorly and the posterior end of the supraocipital spine positioned anteriorly and dorsally than specimens with positive scores on CV2 (
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<figureCitation id="134E2DDDFFE34645FADD64CC4743FC22" box="[1300,1397,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,208,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1437,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A. Scatter plot of the first two axis of the CVA of the body shape for three Central American Brycon species (circles = B. guatemalensis, squares = B. behreae, equis = B. costaricensis). Deformation grids indicate extreme shape along CV axes (B = CV 1 -, C = CV 1 +, D = CV 2 -, E = CV 2 +)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/223345/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="263">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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E).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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