treatments-xml/data/50/49/5D/50495D04E919FFA220D6FF2E82AC201F.xml

<document id="B6C1D904EF050826C7E5A9BE42C77B0F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4012.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5d46f0f8-5086-408b-befa-3a5d25f43774" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="236215" ID-ZooBank="82F22029-9046-4859-A732-D2B7EFD01F4A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461228832590" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis &amp; Blas, Germán San" docDate="2015" docId="50495D04E919FFA220D6FF2E82AC201F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04012p155.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4012 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eschatocerus niger Kieffer &amp; Joergensen 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="149" masterDocId="AC70257CE915FFAC2041FFB983362265" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical genus Eschatocerus Mayr (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Eschatocerini) with biological notes and the first description of the terminal larva" masterLastPageNumber="155" masterPageNumber="135" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1698605002457" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="6AA7579C20D0961C9F1E9E902B5DAEED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CBA4E09D4B94B00BD7AC23E995B8F3BD">
<mods:title id="39DAD82095E8F4B37F703D5155923426">Revision of the Neotropical genus Eschatocerus Mayr (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Eschatocerini) with biological notes and the first description of the terminal larva</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EAFB6A3EC31DF012BA854F5EA06BC339" type="personal">
<mods:role id="258A80ADBE7AC7E5D7EEC1302E91963A">
<mods:roleTerm id="74561A07A06D7B64CCEEF21162CC98B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="08E9054B3D688455CE6509C58A045A0E">Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EECB2E0BCB627C069EA9B84555892C6E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="44C9D84F103182BDADB00FE9ABC66C68">
<mods:roleTerm id="6CA9653BD8428CB358994340CC8B11D2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="04EF7BD92A6463AC6CCC361D8F30D9F6">Blas, Germán San</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8BA8BBBACA9820BB92547F99324B53A4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="BC5A713823331DCA6824B10ACDB0D618" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="16891D9198B3E2ECEC677432F8F4F39E">
<mods:title id="7D7A0730A2165F9C4211592AA1B84970">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="8D2270C7BCA9D46F044EFACC5E5EA63A">
<mods:date id="135F8827777B2DCD1F8A7695C3046132">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="17EF97E15FFF34BF9721134D5FDA63C8" type="volume">
<mods:number id="00D789328E93E6FBB60957F0192ED83F">4012</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AC074DBEEED97B92E7F2C29C7AD0A7CA" type="issue">
<mods:number id="CA895B0C2532160CDFABC5828198F2FA">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="648CFBE21FC2EDCCBEE2AE281739778A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="30FADDE5F6BEBBFFAA77A16B25AE66E9">135</mods:start>
<mods:end id="568FEC19BD07967C95EFE515B8E48901">155</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="3F8A39274735FA4B17E545FF1E76A71B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="646B768ABCA9ACD0C8658806549522F5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4012.1.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5569380CFB4746B60194734B62794E49" type="GBIF-Dataset">5d46f0f8-5086-408b-befa-3a5d25f43774</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D5880D2573E0B01DDA1B409365F38F69" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8D784C2A2A8491BBD833DCB33AFB9FC2" type="Zenodo-Dep">236215</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B7A44575F332C2DB2B4DB95CA3513944" type="ZooBank">82F22029-9046-4859-A732-D2B7EFD01F4A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="50495D04E919FFA220D6FF2E82AC201F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6114230" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119632784" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6114230" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50495D04E919FFA220D6FF2E82AC201F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/50495D04E919FFA220D6FF2E82AC201F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<subSubSection id="90FABF99E919FFA020D6FF2E824E22B5" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA020D6FF2E81E822D7" blockId="12.[151,734,151,208]" box="[151,734,151,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<heading id="83175B7EE919FFA020D6FF2E81E822D7" bold="true" box="[151,734,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA020D6FF2E81E822D7" authority="Kieffer &amp; Joergensen, 1910" authorityName="Kieffer &amp; Joergensen" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,734,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA020D6FF2E81E822D7" bold="true" box="[151,734,151,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA020D6FF2E82B622D4" bold="true" box="[151,384,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Eschatocerus niger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BC7191E3E919FFA021C9FF2181E822D7" author="Kieffer" box="[392,734,152,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" refString="Kieffer, J. J. &amp; Joergensen, P. (1910) Gallen und Gallentiere aus Argentinien. Centralblatt fur bakteriologie, parasitenkunde u. infektionskrankheiten, 27 (2), 362 - 442." type="journal article" year="1910">Kieffer &amp; Joergensen, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA020D6FF03824E22B5" blockId="12.[151,734,151,208]" box="[151,376,186,208]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
(Habitus 
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA020B5FF03820422B5" box="[244,306,186,208]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[176,1399,195,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[176,1400,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Habitus female and male of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Female (B) Male of E. acaciae (C) Female (D) Male of E. niger (E) Female (F) Male of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236223/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Figs 8</figureCitation>
C, 8D)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90FABF99E919FFA020D6FF4F87612369" box="[151,1111,246,269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA020D6FF4F87612369" blockId="12.[151,1111,246,269]" box="[151,1111,246,269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA020D6FF4F814B2369" authority="Kieffer &amp; Joergensen, 1910" authorityName="Kieffer &amp; Joergensen" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,637,246,269]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA020D6FF4F826C2368" box="[151,346,246,269]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Eschatocerus niger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BC7191E3E919FFA02120FF4F814B2369" author="Kieffer" box="[353,637,246,268]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" refString="Kieffer, J. J. &amp; Joergensen, P. (1910) Gallen und Gallentiere aus Argentinien. Centralblatt fur bakteriologie, parasitenkunde u. infektionskrankheiten, 27 (2), 362 - 442." type="journal article" year="1910">Kieffer &amp; Joergensen, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA022C7FF4F80002369" box="[646,822,246,268]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Centralbl. Bakter</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA02302FF4180E52369" box="[835,979,246,269]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Parasit. Infekt</emphasis>
., 2(27): 418.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90FABF99E919FFA020D6FE8B82892026" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA020D6FE8B800B23BC" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA020D6FE8B8271232E" bold="true" box="[151,327,306,331]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<typeStatus id="075B52B0E919FFA020D6FE8B83E2232E" box="[151,212,306,331]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
The 
<typeStatus id="075B52B0E919FFA021C1FE8A8286232E" box="[384,432,307,331]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">type</typeStatus>
material of this species is apparently lost, as is the case with the majority of Kieffer 
<typeStatus id="075B52B0E919FFA02520FE8A86AA232E" box="[1377,1436,307,331]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">types</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BC7191E3E919FFA020DFFEEF8204230B" author="Gagne" box="[158,306,342,366]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" refString="Gagne, R. (1994) The gall midges of the Neotropical Region. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 360 pp." type="book" year="1994">Gagne 1994</bibRefCitation>
). Joergensen’s collection is deposited in the Museo de La Plata, 
<collectingCountry id="A0F7AC82E919FFA02400FEEC8782230B" box="[1089,1204,341,366]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, although it mostly comprises higher 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA0211EFEC382CE23F7" box="[351,504,378,402]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
and does not hold the 
<typeStatus id="075B52B0E919FFA022BBFEC3800323F7" box="[762,821,378,402]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">types</typeStatus>
described in 
<bibRefCitation id="BC7191E3E919FFA0238FFEC0861023F7" author="Kieffer" box="[974,1318,377,402]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" refString="Kieffer, J. J. &amp; Joergensen, P. (1910) Gallen und Gallentiere aus Argentinien. Centralblatt fur bakteriologie, parasitenkunde u. infektionskrankheiten, 27 (2), 362 - 442." type="journal article" year="1910">Kieffer and Joergensen (1910)</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BC7191E3E919FFA02574FEC3822423D0" author="Martinez" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" refString="Martinez, J. J., Zaldivar-Riveron, A. &amp; Saez, A. G. (2008) Reclassification of Bracon mendocinus, a gall-associated doryctine wasp, and description of a new closely related species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Natural History, 42, 2689 - 2701." type="journal article" year="2008">
Martínez 
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA020D6FE2783FE23D3" box="[151,200,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). However, non-type materials of 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA022CFFE2781DE23D0" box="[654,744,414,437]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA022CFFE2781DE23D0" box="[654,744,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">E. niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are deposited in the Cynipoidea collection of the Museo de la Plata (
<collectingCountry id="A0F7AC82E919FFA0209CFE79826623BC" box="[221,336,448,473]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Argentina</collectingCountry>
) (Díaz &amp; Loiácono 1995; Díaz 
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA022F4FE7881DB23BC" box="[693,749,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
2011).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086FE5D82892026" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA02086FE5D82802398" bold="true" box="[199,438,484,509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="CEE6279BE919FFA02183FE5D81162398" box="[450,544,484,509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="CEE6279BE919FFA02270FE5D81932398" box="[561,677,484,509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
, “ 
<collectingCountry id="A0F7AC82E919FFA022FEFE5D805E2399" box="[703,872,484,508]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
, Mendoza, Las Heras, Cancha Chacra, ex galls 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA020D6FDB1826B2045" box="[151,349,519,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA020D6FDB1826B2045" box="[151,349,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Prosopis flexuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, collected 
<date id="AC5ECAD2E919FFA02196FDB181702045" box="[471,582,520,544]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" value="2013-01-21">21/I/2013</date>
, emerged 
<date id="AC5ECAD2E919FFA022F9FDB180312045" box="[696,775,520,544]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" value="2013-01">I/2013</date>
”; 
<specimenCount id="CEE6279BE919FFA0235DFDB180432045" box="[796,885,519,544]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="male">9 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="CEE6279BE919FFA023C1FDB180D92045" box="[896,1007,519,544]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
, “Cerro Petaca (
<date id="AC5ECAD2E919FFA024E5FDB1861F2045" box="[1188,1321,520,544]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" value="2013-03-10">10/III/2013</date>
), emerged 
<date id="AC5ECAD2E919FFA020D6FD9283C12026" box="[151,247,555,579]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" value="2013-03">III/2013</date>
. G. San Blas leg”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90FABF99E919FFA02086FDF7809420EF" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086FDF7809420EF" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA02086FDF782772002" bold="true" box="[199,321,590,615]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Closely similar to 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA02257FDF7803D2003" box="[534,779,590,615]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA02257FDF7803D2003" box="[534,779,590,615]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Eschatocerus acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Differs easily from this species, aside from the characters given in the identification key, by the black coloration of the females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90FABF99E919FFA22086FD2C82AC201F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" type="description">
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086FD2C81582159" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA02086FD2C824220CB" bold="true" box="[199,372,661,686]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Redescription.</emphasis>
Length 
<quantity id="1F1841F7E919FFA02192FD2F811C20C8" box="[467,554,662,686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
(range 2.5–2.8; N = 4) for females; 
<quantity id="1F1841F7E919FFA02386FD2F872820C8" box="[967,1054,662,686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
(range 2.2–2.5; N = 4) for males. Coloration: female body entirely black; face medially dark reddish; antennae pale yellow or whitish, legs blackish, excepting tibiae and tarsi yellowish. Forewing hyaline, veins brown, with darkened smoky areas around veins 2r and cubitalis. Male similar to female in the black coloration; dorsal parts of mesopleuron reddish; legs mainly yellow, excepting coxae which are darker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086FCFF818A27F2" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA02086FCFF8215213A" box="[199,291,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Female.</emphasis>
Head. In dorsal view 2 times as wide as long. Gena slightly expanded behind compound eye. POL 1.7 times as long as OOL, posterior ocellus separated from inner orbit of eye by about 1.1 times its diameter. In anterior view (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA02105FC3482B121C3" box="[324,391,909,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C) head slightly wider than high. Inner margin of compound eyes straigth. Face weakly pubescent and with irregular reticulate sculpture, only slightly coarse on frons and vertex; ocellar plate slightly raised; malar space 0.17 times height of compound eye. Clypeus distinct, more or less trapezoidal with reticulate sculpture; anterior tentorial pits conspicuous; epistomal sulcus indistinct and clypeo-pleurostomal lines deeply and widely impressed (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA0212FFBA282992651" box="[366,431,1051,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C); ventral margin of clypeus broadly projecting over mandibles. Genal furrow not well impressed, but present as an area of transition between two different sculptures. Genae slightly expanded behind compound eyes (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA02118FBDB82AC261E" box="[345,410,1122,1147]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Torulus situated at upper height of compound eye; transfacial line 0.9 times height of eye; distance between antennal rim and compound eye 1.1 times width of antennal socket including rim. Ventral margin of toruli deeply excavated; a strong median raised vertical carina present between toruli and the median ocellus (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA020B7FB7582012680" box="[246,311,1228,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Head posterior view (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA0221AFB7581AD2680" box="[603,667,1228,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). Occiput weakly pubescent and with regular reticulate sculpture, without dorsal occipital carina; occiput medially concave, with a pair of vertical lateral carinae present, separating the concaves area of the lateral raised areas (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA022DAFAAA81D72749" box="[667,737,1299,1324]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Figs 1</figureCitation>
D). Posterior tentorial pits narrow, slit-like; hypostomal sulci weak and incomplete, free, not united, meeting or converging at hypostoma (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA02453FA8E8762272A" box="[1042,1108,1335,1360]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). Distance between dorsal cranial margin and occipital foramen 0.7 as long as occipital foramen height; distance between occipital and oral foramina 0.7 as long as occipital foramen height.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086FA18871C2464" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
Mouthparts (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA0211DFA1882A927DF" box="[348,415,1441,1466]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,193,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[160,1427,193,1825]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Head, anterior and posterior view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Anterior view and (B) Posterior view of E. acaciae. (C) Anterior view and (D) Posterior view of E. niger. (E) Anterior view and (F) Posterior view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). Both mandibles with two teeth, but a small basal secondary tooth present on right mandible. Cardo of maxilla invisible posteriorly; maxillary stipes short, not reaching base of labial palpus. Maxillary palp with only three visible segments. Labial palp with three segments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086F9B5808624EA" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA0217DF9B582B22441" box="[316,388,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[244,1286,196,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[244,1287,196,1865]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennae of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Female antenna of E. acaciae. (B) Male antenna of E. acaciae. (C) Detail of large sensilla coeloconic type A on antennal flagellomere of E. acaciae. (D) Detail of sensilla placoidea on antennal flagellomere of E. acaciae. (E) Female antenna of E. niger. (F) Male antenna of E. niger. (G) Female antenna of E. myriadeus. (H) Detail of last flagellomere of female antenna of E. acaciae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236217/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E) 0.7 times as long as body, filiform, with 13 segments. Placodeal sensilla present in flagellomeres F4–F11; large coeloconic sensilla 
<typeStatus id="075B52B0E919FFA0228FF9898033242D" box="[718,773,1584,1608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Type</typeStatus>
A visible on flagellomeres F5–F10. Relative lengths of antennal segments: 30:22:29:22:20:25:22:20:18:17:16:13:16; pedicel 1.9 times as long as wide; F1 1.3 times as long as pedicel and F2. Ultimate flagellomere longer than penultimate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086F9238230249F" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
Mesosoma. Pronotum anterior view very short medially, almost glabrous and with reticulate sculpture. Admedian depressions of pronotum and pronotal plate absent; spiracular incision of pronotum more deeply incised (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA020DEF95883D4249F" box="[159,226,1761,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[167,1418,193,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[167,1419,193,1802]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mesosoma, dorsal and lateral view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Dorsal view and (B) lateral view of E. acaciae. (C) Dorsal view and (D) Lateral view of E. niger. (E) Dorsal view and (F) Lateral view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086F8BE80682500" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
Mesonotum. Mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA021B8F8BF810C257B" box="[505,570,1798,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[167,1418,193,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[167,1419,193,1802]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mesosoma, dorsal and lateral view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Dorsal view and (B) lateral view of E. acaciae. (C) Dorsal view and (D) Lateral view of E. niger. (E) Dorsal view and (F) Lateral view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C) similar to 
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA0228EF8BE8078257B" box="[719,846,1799,1822]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA0228EF8BE8070257B" box="[719,838,1799,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">E. acaciae</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
median mesoscutal impression absent. Mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA020DEF89083D72527" box="[159,225,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[167,1418,193,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[167,1419,193,1802]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mesosoma, dorsal and lateral view of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Dorsal view and (B) lateral view of E. acaciae. (C) Dorsal view and (D) Lateral view of E. niger. (E) Dorsal view and (F) Lateral view of E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
D) with regular reticulate sculpture, without mesopleural impression. Ventral border of mesopleural triangle only indicated by a change in curvature of mesopleural surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E919FFA02086F8C886AB25C9" blockId="12.[151,1437,306,1964]" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">
Metanotum (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E919FFA02118F8C982A825ED" box="[345,414,1904,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[170,1379,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1380,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A) Eschatocerus acaciae, head lateral view (B) E. niger, pronotum anterior view. (C) Propodeum of E. acaciae (D) Propodeum of E. niger. (E) Propodeum of E. myriadeus. (F) Fore leg of E. acaciae. (G) Hind leg of E. niger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236219/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D). Metascutellum without distinct median constriction; with reticulate sculpture medially and laterally. Metapectal-propodeal complex as in 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E919FFA0228CF82C807525C9" box="[717,835,1941,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis id="EA943000E919FFA0228CF82C807525C9" box="[717,835,1941,1964]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="147">E. acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Nucha short, with some longitudinal rugae medially.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8C9FBC9AE918FFA120D6F80A815B258D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236223/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="148" targetBox="[176,1399,195,1934]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E918FFA120D6F80A815B258D" blockId="13.[151,1436,1971,2024]" pageId="13" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="EA943000E918FFA120D6F80A822525AD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1971,1993]" pageId="13" pageNumber="148">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Habitus female and male of species of 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E918FFA122E7F80A801825AC" box="[678,814,1971,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EA943000E918FFA122E7F80A801825AC" box="[678,814,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="148">Eschatocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (A) Female (B) Male of 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E918FFA12477F80D879725AC" box="[1078,1185,1972,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis id="EA943000E918FFA12477F80D879725AC" box="[1078,1185,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="148">E. acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(C) Female (D) Male of 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E918FFA120D6F86A83DE258D" box="[151,232,2003,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="EA943000E918FFA120D6F86A83DE258D" box="[151,232,2003,2024]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="148">E. niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(E) Female (F) Male of 
<taxonomicName id="1FE09791E918FFA121A0F86A8150258D" box="[481,614,2002,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Eschatocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myriadeus">
<emphasis id="EA943000E918FFA121A0F86A8150258D" box="[481,614,2002,2024]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="148">E. myriadeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E91BFFA22086FF2181712292" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">
Legs. Protibia 0.5 as long as protarsus. First protarsomerus 1.3 as long as the joint length of the protarsomerus 2–5; protarsomerus 1 not curved basally. Metafemur 2.6 as wide as long; metatibia 1.2 as long as metatarsus (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E91BFFA2252EFF0283902292" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[170,1379,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1380,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A) Eschatocerus acaciae, head lateral view (B) E. niger, pronotum anterior view. (C) Propodeum of E. acaciae (D) Propodeum of E. niger. (E) Propodeum of E. myriadeus. (F) Fore leg of E. acaciae. (G) Hind leg of E. niger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236219/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
G). Metatarsal claw simple (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E91BFFA221A2FF6781112292" box="[483,551,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1617,1639]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1417,193,1595]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. (A) Lateral view of female metasoma of Eschatocerus acaciae. (B) Lateral view of female metasoma of E. niger. (C) Ventral view of female metasoma of E. acaciae. (D) Lateral view of male metasoma of E. niger. (E) Metatarsal claw of E. niger. (F) Metatarsal claw of E. acaciae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236221/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
E).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E91BFFA22086FEBB81B123E0" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">
Forewing (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E91BFFA2210BFEBB82A2237E" box="[330,404,258,283]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,2009,2031]" captionTargetBox="[341,1264,195,1973]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[341,1264,195,1974]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Forewing of species of Eschatocerus: (A) E. acaciae (B) E. niger (C) E. myriadeus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236220/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B) 1.16 times as long as body. Radial cell open along anterior margin; R1 and Rs depigmented, hardly visible; radius (Rs) bowed, stopping far reaching anterior margin of wing. Areolet absent; vein basalis absent; Rs+M incomplete, addressed to junction of basalis with cubitalis. An infuscate area around the end of Cu1 vein. Wing margin without cilia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E91BFFA22086FE29865B2074" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">
Metasoma laterally compressed (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E91BFFA22276FE36814C23CD" box="[567,634,399,424]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1617,1639]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1417,193,1595]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. (A) Lateral view of female metasoma of Eschatocerus acaciae. (B) Lateral view of female metasoma of E. niger. (C) Ventral view of female metasoma of E. acaciae. (D) Lateral view of male metasoma of E. niger. (E) Metatarsal claw of E. niger. (F) Metatarsal claw of E. acaciae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236221/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
B), shorter than head plus mesosoma, in lateral view 1.1 as long as high. Abdominal petiole about as long as high. T2 and following tergites with weak reticulate sculpture and glabrous, covering about 1/4 of metasoma. Hypopygium keel shaped; projected ventral spine about three times as long as wide; its lateral margins with long erect setae, the subapical ones projected far beyond apex of spine (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E91BFFA22549FE41867D2074" box="[1288,1355,504,529]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1617,1639]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[170,1417,193,1595]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. (A) Lateral view of female metasoma of Eschatocerus acaciae. (B) Lateral view of female metasoma of E. niger. (C) Ventral view of female metasoma of E. acaciae. (D) Lateral view of male metasoma of E. niger. (E) Metatarsal claw of E. niger. (F) Metatarsal claw of E. acaciae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236221/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D85FEC12E91BFFA22086FDA582AC201F" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,635]" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="EA943000E91BFFA22086FDA5823E2050" box="[199,264,540,565]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">Male.</emphasis>
Similar to female except as described below (size and coloration already discussed). Antenna (
<figureCitation id="40DBF097E91BFFA22501FDA586B52051" box="[1344,1411,540,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[244,1286,196,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[244,1287,196,1865]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennae of species of Eschatocerus: (A) Female antenna of E. acaciae. (B) Male antenna of E. acaciae. (C) Detail of large sensilla coeloconic type A on antennal flagellomere of E. acaciae. (D) Detail of sensilla placoidea on antennal flagellomere of E. acaciae. (E) Female antenna of E. niger. (F) Male antenna of E. niger. (G) Female antenna of E. myriadeus. (H) Detail of last flagellomere of female antenna of E. acaciae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236217/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="149">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
F) with 13 flagellomeres. F1 as long as F2; placodeal sensillae present since F2. F1 not modified, only slightly enlarged towards apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>