396 lines
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396 lines
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<mods:title id="C647DC2FF9C69213A417B87C7A06366B">The dung beetles of Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): catalogue and updated distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="92FC9A91B1C01DFE8D89284C5CE0AE7F">Rosa, Cecilia Lozano De La</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="98BB09FCF177DD193D92D8344505D468">Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Centro de Estudios Botánicos y Agroforestales, Laboratorio de Ecología Espacial, Maracaibo, estado Zulia, Venezuela.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="680ECB60CFC23D2C86A0586F45CC51EF" type="email">lozanoceci@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8F5E3B25EFE95D20BEE34BF192B00BAB">Cupello, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3251B513787F37862C9894F3265D3A7E">Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Currently at Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9FACE8A42780D369D07C18A6C368D8E4" type="email">mcupello@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FE264F1DEFA9BB2C79B760B90069A093">Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C50DFB3DDF9E80E01542BE0D9995FD75">Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="490768691E802F47B10A003F813B7AB5" type="email">vazdemello@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="23C3F1BAA4329D3EAC745F9171552FB2">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4FA8D1B571D965B69955E89F6E298390">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="1D507666308052B8EF50F9AC768F0079" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14154324" ID-GBIF-Taxon="246298093" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14154324" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D507666308052B8EF50F9AC768F0079" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1D507666308052B8EF50F9AC768F0079" lastPageId="220" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">
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<subSubSection id="DDE394FB308052BEEF50F9AC74E00719" box="[583,1004,1547,1574]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="CE0E701C308052BEEF50F9AC74E00719" box="[583,1004,1547,1574]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308052BEEF50F9AC74E00719" ID-CoL="356T8" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[583,1004,1547,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diabroctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
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<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BEEF50F9AC7410071A" bold="true" box="[583,796,1547,1574]" italics="true" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Diabroctis mimas</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEEE3BF9AC74EF0719" author="Linnaeus C." box="[812,995,1547,1574]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" refId="ref128134" refString="Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DDE394FB308052BFEDAAF9EA727B0573" lastPageId="219" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9546C770308052BFEDAAF9EA727B0573" blockId="218.[189,1400,1612,1991]" lastBlockId="219.[233,1399,265,1101]" lastPageId="219" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B5E9E05E308052BFEDAAF9EA727B0573" lastPageId="219" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">
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<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEEDAAF9EA75910758" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3916060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3916060" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:22EB589F-450D-46DE-BD95-CA7CE5C16D44" author="Linnaeus C." box="[189,669,1612,1639]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/017AB0EB0B6604D6EC0B647D45FF057D" page="347" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="1758">
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<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308052BEEDAAF9EA75910758" ID-CoL="79W89" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 347" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="347" authorityYear="1758" box="[189,669,1612,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
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<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BEEDAAF9EA76910759" box="[189,413,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Scarabaeus mimas</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEECB0F9EA75910758" author="Linnaeus C." box="[423,669,1612,1639]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" refId="ref128134" refString="Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758: 347</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(original description). Type locality: South America. Name-bearing type: unknown number of
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<typeStatus id="4A4279D2308052BEEF9CF9D775F907B5" box="[651,757,1648,1674]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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, unknown whereabouts (
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<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEE90BF9D773FA07B5" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[1052,1270,1648,1674]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="2018">
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEE90BF9D773FA07B5" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[1052,1270,1648,1674]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" pagination="347 - 374" refId="ref140212" refString="Valois M. C., Harada L., Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F. 2018. Synopsis of the genus Diabroctis Gistel, 1857 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with a new species description. Insect Systematics & Evolution 51: 347 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 00002203" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Valois
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<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BEE965F9D673A307B5" box="[1138,1199,1648,1674]" italics="true" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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).
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<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEE81CF9D776370791" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3916060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3916060" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:22EB589F-450D-46DE-BD95-CA7CE5C16D44" author="Linnaeus C." httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/017AB0EB0B6604D6EC0B647D45FF057D" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="1758">
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEE81CF9D776370791" author="Linnaeus C." pageId="218" pageNumber="219" refId="ref128134" refString="Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308052BEECCCF93475B20792" ID-CoL="79W89" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[475,702,1683,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
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<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BEECCCF93475B20792" box="[475,702,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Scarabaeus mimas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the specimen illustrated by
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<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEE933F934727F0792" author="Rosel J. A." box="[1060,1395,1683,1710]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="1749">
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEE933F934727F0792" author="Rosel J. A." box="[1060,1395,1683,1710]" firstAuthor="Rosel von" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" refId="ref137454" refString="Rosel J. A. 1749. Der monatlich-herausgegebenen Insecten-Belustigung, Zwiter Theil, welcher acht Classen verschiendener sowohl inlandicher, als auch einiger auslandischer Insecten enhalt; alle nach ihrem Ursprung, Verwandlund und andern wunderbaren Eigenschaften, grostentheils aus einiger Erfahrung beschrieben und in sauber illuminirten Kupfern nach dem Leben abgebildet und vorgestellet. Erd-Kafer erste Classe. Johann Joseph Fleischmann, Nuremberg. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 123717" type="book" year="1749">Rösel von Rosenhof (1749</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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: Scarabaeorum Terrestrium Praef. Classis I, pl. b fig. 1) plus material he studied in the collection of Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, Queen consort of
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<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308052BEEFF2F97E744E07CC" box="[741,834,1753,1779]" name="Sweden" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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and a patron of Linnaeus’s. The latter collection was referred to by
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEECCEF95A75930628" author="Linnaeus C." box="[473,671,1788,1815]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" refId="ref128134" refString="Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">
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<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEECCEF95A759A0628" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3916060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3916060" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:22EB589F-450D-46DE-BD95-CA7CE5C16D44" author="Linnaeus C." box="[473,662,1788,1815]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/017AB0EB0B6604D6EC0B647D45FF057D" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758</treatmentCitation>
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)
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</bibRefCitation>
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through the abbreviation “M.L.U.”, standing for “Museum Ludovicae Ulricae” (
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<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEECFAF88775860604" author="Landin B. - O." box="[493,650,1824,1851]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="1956">
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEECFAF88775860604" author="Landin B. - O." box="[493,650,1824,1851]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref126727" refString="Landin B. - O. 1956. The Linnean species of Lamellicornia described in " Systema Naturae ", Ed. X (1758). (Col.). Entomologisk Tidskrift 77 (1): 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1956">Landin 1956</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEEF8BF88774A80605" author="Maldaner M. E. & Cupello M. & Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[668,932,1824,1850]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="2017">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEEF8BF88774A80605" author="Maldaner M. E. & Cupello M. & Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[668,932,1824,1850]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" pagination="83 - 102" refId="ref129157" refString="Maldaner M. E., Cupello M., Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. 2017. Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d'Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini). Zootaxa 4272 (1): 83 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4272.1.4" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|||
|
|
Maldaner
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BEEE0EF88674550605" box="[793,857,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2017
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEEEA2F887737F0605" author="Hielkema A. J." box="[949,1139,1824,1850]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="2022">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEEEA2F887737F0605" author="Hielkema A. J." box="[949,1139,1824,1850]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref124186" refString="Hielkema A. J. 2022. The referential abbreviations used by Linnaeus and other authors from 1758 through 1779 for describing species of Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera). Insecta Mundi 949: 1 - 93." type="journal article" year="2022">Hielkema 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), not “Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg”,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308052BEEF43F8E475CE0662" box="[596,706,1859,1885]" name="Germany" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, as believed by
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEEE6DF8E473520662" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[890,1118,1859,1885]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEEE6DF8E473520662" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[890,1118,1859,1885]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" pagination="347 - 374" refId="ref140212" refString="Valois M. C., Harada L., Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F. 2018. Synopsis of the genus Diabroctis Gistel, 1857 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with a new species description. Insect Systematics & Evolution 51: 347 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 00002203" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Valois
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BEEEDDF8E373080662" box="[970,1028,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2018)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. The Queen’s collection was donated by her grandson, King Gustav IV Adolf of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308052BEEE85F8C174FE06BF" box="[914,1010,1894,1920]" name="Sweden" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, to the University of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="573D0992308052BEE9E2F8C1725906BF" box="[1269,1365,1894,1920]" country="Sweden" name="Uppsala" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Uppsala</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
in 1803 (
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEEC2EF82D751C069C" author="Horn H." box="[313,528,1929,1956]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="1990">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEEC2EF82D751C069C" author="Horn W. & Kahle I. & Friese G. & Gaedike R." box="[313,528,1929,1956]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" refId="ref124615" refString="Horn W., Kahle I., Friese G. & Gaedike R. 1990 b. Collectiones entomologicae. Ein Kompendium uber den Verbleib entomologischer Sammlungen der Welt bis 1960. Teil II: L bis Z. Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, Berlin." type="book" year="1990">
|
|||
|
|
Horn
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BEEC97F82D76B7069C" box="[384,443,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
1990b
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and has since been preserved in what is now known as the university’s Museum of Evolution, Zoology Section (
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308052BEEFC0F80A746306F8" author="Wallin L." box="[727,879,1965,1991]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" year="2001">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308052BEEFC0F80A746306F8" author="Wallin L." box="[727,879,1965,1991]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" refId="ref141444" refString="Wallin L. 2001. Catalogue of type specimens. 4. Linnaean specimens. Uppsala University, Museum of Evolution, Zoology Section, Uppsala. Available from http: // www. evolutionsmuseet. uu. se / samling / UUZM 04 _ Linnaeus. pdf [accessed 22 Mar. 2023]." type="book" year="2001">Wallin 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Unfortunately, no
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="4A4279D2308052BEE949F80A73C906F8" box="[1118,1221,1965,1991]" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308052BFE9F8F80A763B001C" ID-CoL="79W89" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="219" lastPageNumber="220" order="Coleoptera" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308052BFE9F8F80A763B001C" italics="true" lastPageId="219" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="218" pageNumber="219">Scarabaeus mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
seem to have survived in the Queen’s collection material (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEECFFEAE737D001B" author="Landin B. - O." box="[984,1137,265,292]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref126727" refString="Landin B. - O. 1956. The Linnean species of Lamellicornia described in " Systema Naturae ", Ed. X (1758). (Col.). Entomologisk Tidskrift 77 (1): 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1956">Landin 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFE96CFEAE7202001C" author="Wallin L." box="[1147,1294,265,291]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref141444" refString="Wallin L. 2001. Catalogue of type specimens. 4. Linnaean specimens. Uppsala University, Museum of Evolution, Zoology Section, Uppsala. Available from http: // www. evolutionsmuseet. uu. se / samling / UUZM 04 _ Linnaeus. pdf [accessed 22 Mar. 2023]." type="book" year="2001">Wallin 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In spite of that, the specimen illustrated by Rösel von Rosenhof (i.e., one of the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="4A4279D2308152BFE95FFE8B73BC0079" box="[1096,1200,300,326]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
) clearly belongs to the species modernly called
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEF49FEE8743D0056" ID-CoL="356T8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[606,817,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diabroctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEF49FEE8743D0056" box="[606,817,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Diabroctis mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and confirms that the allocation of the name has been correct. If desirable, it can be designated as the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="4A4279D2308152BFEE73FED574DF00B3" box="[868,979,370,396]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
. Note that
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFE941FED5721500B2" author="Linnaeus C." box="[1110,1305,370,397]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref128134" refString="Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
listed a second literature reference in addition to Rösel von Rosenhof’s work under
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFE999FE317263008F" ID-CoL="79W89" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1166,1391,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFE999FE317263008F" box="[1166,1391,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Scarabaeus mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFEDFDFE1D76F400EC" author="Marcgrave G." box="[234,504,441,468]" page="247" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="1648">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEDFDFE1D76F400EC" author="Marcgrave G." box="[234,504,441,468]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="245 - 259" refId="ref129292" refString="Marcgrave G. 1648. Historiae rerum naturalium. Liber septimus. Qui agit de Insectis. In: Piso G. (ed.) Historia naturalis brasiliae, auspicio et beneficio illustriss. I. Mauritii com. Nassau. Illius provinciae et Maris Summi Praefecti Adornata. In qua non tantun plantae et animalia, sed et indigenarum morbi, ingenia et mores describuntur et iconibus supra quingentas illustrantur: 245 - 259. Franciscum Hackium, Leiden [Lugdun] & Elzevirium, Amsterdam [Amstelodami]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48544" type="book chapter" year="1648">Marcgrave (1648: 247</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, second figure; the page was erroneously cited as “147”). But because the assignment of this reference to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEF4AFE7B743700C9" ID-CoL="79W89" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[605,827,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEF4AFE7B743700C9" box="[605,827,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Scarabaeus mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was doubtful ‒ Linnaeus followed the reference with a question mark and the observation that it might refer to a minor specimen (“Marcgr. bras. 147. f. 2? sed minor”) ‒, Marcgrave’s specimen addressed in it is not part of the type series in accordance with Article 72.4.1 of the Code (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEF71FDE175FF035F" author="ICZN & International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[614,755,582,608]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref125343" refString="ICZN [International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature] 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth edition adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). This is fortunate, for Linnaeus’s uneasiness was fully justified: the specimen belongs to the species modernly called
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEEFBFDCE754D0399" ID-CoL="Y6CC" authority="(Germar, 1821) (Maldaner et al. 2017)" authorityName="Maldaner et al." authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ensifer">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFEEFBFDCE75360399" author="Maldaner M. E. & Cupello M. & Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="2017">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEEFBFDCE720E03BC" box="[1004,1282,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Coprophanaeus ensifer</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Germar, 1821) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEC29FD2B75360399" author="Maldaner M. E. & Cupello M. & Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[318,570,652,678]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="83 - 102" refId="ref129157" refString="Maldaner M. E., Cupello M., Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. 2017. Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d'Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini). Zootaxa 4272 (1): 83 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4272.1.4" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|||
|
|
Maldaner
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFECAFFD2A76FF0399" box="[440,499,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2017
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Later, in the 12
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="628C6A38308152BFEFE8FD2C740003A6" attach="left" box="[767,780,651,665]" fontSize="6" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">th</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
edition of
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEE9AFD2A73580399" box="[909,1108,653,679]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Systema Naturae</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFE974FD2B72290399" author="Linnaeus C." box="[1123,1317,652,678]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="1767">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFE974FD2B72290399" author="Linnaeus C." box="[1123,1317,652,678]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref128194" refString="Linnaeus C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Tom. I. Pars II. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156772" type="book" year="1767">Linnaeus (1767)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
finally convinced himself of the heterospecificity of the specimens and assigned Marcgrave’s no longer to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEC1BFD7576E003D3" ID-CoL="79W89" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[268,492,722,748]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEC1BFD7576E003D3" box="[268,492,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Scarabaeus mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but to his new species
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFEE02FD7573C503D3" author="Linnaeus C." box="[789,1225,722,748]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="1767">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEE02FD7573C503D3" ID-CoL="4V289" authority="Linnaeus, 1767" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[789,1225,722,748]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEE02FD75730F03D3" box="[789,1027,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Scarabaeus lancifer</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFE919FD7573C503D3" author="Linnaeus C." box="[1038,1225,722,748]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref128194" refString="Linnaeus C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Tom. I. Pars II. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156772" type="book" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Nevertheless, because he also assigned to this species individuals belonging to the species modernly called
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEDFDFCBE75E9020C" ID-CoL="Y6CD" authority="(Linnaeus, 1767)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[234,741,793,819]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Coprophanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFEDFDFCBE75D0020C" author="Linnaeus C." box="[234,732,793,819]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="1767">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEDFDFCBE7507020C" box="[234,523,793,819]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Coprophanaeus lancifer</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEF09FCBE75D0020C" author="Linnaeus C." box="[542,732,793,819]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref128194" refString="Linnaeus C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Tom. I. Pars II. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm [Holmiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156772" type="book" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, this created another nomenclatural problem, one that was only detected and solved 250 years later by
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFEE20FC9B73460269" author="Maldaner M. E. & Cupello M. & Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[823,1098,828,854]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="2017">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEE20FC9B73460269" author="Maldaner M. E. & Cupello M. & Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[823,1098,828,854]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="83 - 102" refId="ref129157" refString="Maldaner M. E., Cupello M., Ferreira D. C. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. 2017. Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d'Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini). Zootaxa 4272 (1): 83 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4272.1.4" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|||
|
|
Maldaner
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEEA3FC9A74E20269" box="[948,1006,828,854]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2017)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Also noteworthy is that, as previously mentioned in the literature (
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFEFF6FCF874710245" author="Landin B. - O." box="[737,893,863,890]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="1956">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEFF6FCF874710245" author="Landin B. - O." box="[737,893,863,890]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref126727" refString="Landin B. - O. 1956. The Linnean species of Lamellicornia described in " Systema Naturae ", Ed. X (1758). (Col.). Entomologisk Tidskrift 77 (1): 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1956">Landin 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="1458E161308152BFEE9CFCF873510245" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[907,1117,863,890]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEE9CFCF873510245" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[907,1117,863,890]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="347 - 374" refId="ref140212" refString="Valois M. C., Harada L., Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F. 2018. Synopsis of the genus Diabroctis Gistel, 1857 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with a new species description. Insect Systematics & Evolution 51: 347 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 00002203" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Valois
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEECCFCC773140246" box="[987,1048,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2018
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and confirmed by MC during his latest visit in
|
|||
|
|
<date id="E147E1B0308152BFEF07FC2575BA02A2" box="[528,694,898,925]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" value="2019-10">October 2019</date>
|
|||
|
|
, the collection of the Linnean Society of London houses a specimen of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEC97FC01755D02FF" ID-CoL="356T8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[384,593,934,960]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diabroctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEC97FC01755D02FF" box="[384,593,934,960]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Diabroctis mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but one lacking any labels, let alone one in Linnaeus’s handwriting. This may be a
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="4A4279D2308152BFEC8DFC6D76F902DB" box="[410,501,970,996]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
that Linnaeus incorporated into his personal collection, one of the vanished specimens from Queen Louisa Ulrika’ s collection. If this is somehow confirmed ‒ which, alas, due to the apparent lack of any meaningful historical data associated with it, we hardly see happening ‒, the specimen will be, like the one depicted by Rösel von Rosenhof, eligible to become the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="4A4279D2308152BFE813FB95727F0573" box="[1284,1395,1074,1100]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB308152BFEDAAFBD374330609" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9546C770308152BFEDAAFBD3765A05B1" blockId="219.[189,342,1140,1166]" box="[189,342,1140,1166]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="CE0E701C308152BFEDAAFBD3765A05B1" bold="true" box="[189,342,1140,1166]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" reason="3">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEDAAFBD3765A05B1" bold="true" box="[189,342,1140,1166]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Distribution</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9546C770308152BFEDAAFB0574330609" blockId="219.[187,1401,1186,1847]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">
|
|||
|
|
Still ambiguous. The material of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEF4CFB0475DE0583" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[603,722,1187,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diabroctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEF4CFB0475DE0583" box="[603,722,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">D. mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
studied for Valois
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEED3FB0473080583" box="[964,1028,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
’s (2018) review of the genus originates mostly from open environments south of the Amazon Basin in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFE922FB61737105DF" box="[1077,1149,1222,1248]" name="Brazil" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFE9ADFB61721F05DF" box="[1210,1299,1222,1248]" name="Bolivia" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, as well as from the banks of the lower Amazon, the Marajó Bay and their tributaries (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFE948FB4E7239043C" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[1119,1333,1257,1283]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="347 - 374" refId="ref140212" refString="Valois M. C., Harada L., Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F. 2018. Synopsis of the genus Diabroctis Gistel, 1857 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with a new species description. Insect Systematics & Evolution 51: 347 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 00002203" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Valois
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFE9A5FB4D73E1043C" box="[1202,1261,1257,1283]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2018
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The only exception we found in their material examined is an MNRJ male from Rio Uaupés (misspelled by them as “Uapés”), a tributary of the upper Rio Negro, in Brazil’s northwestern Amazon. This might at first indicate that the species was restricted to these two sole countries. Nevertheless, records from all other South American countries except for
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEFADFAD1741004AF" box="[698,796,1398,1424]" name="Ecuador" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEE41FAD1749A04AF" box="[854,918,1398,1424]" name="Chile" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
can be found in the literature (see works cited by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEC30FA3E76F2048C" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[295,510,1433,1459]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="347 - 374" refId="ref140212" refString="Valois M. C., Harada L., Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F. 2018. Synopsis of the genus Diabroctis Gistel, 1857 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with a new species description. Insect Systematics & Evolution 51: 347 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 00002203" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Valois
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEC6CFA3D76BA048C" box="[379,438,1433,1459]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2018
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEF1BFA3E7468048C" author="Hielkema A. J. & Hielkema M. A." box="[524,868,1433,1459]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref124225" refString="Hielkema A. J. & Hielkema M. A. 2019. An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas. Insecta Mundi 732 (732): 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2019">Hielkema & Hielkema 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The ones from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFE925FA3E7393048C" box="[1074,1183,1433,1459]" name="Paraguay" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and northwestern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEDA8FA1B763804E9" box="[191,308,1468,1494]" name="Argentina" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(e.g.,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEC69FA1B755804E9" author="d'Olsoufieff G." box="[382,596,1468,1494]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref134049" refString="d'Olsoufieff G. 1924. Les Phanaeides, Famille Scarabaeidae. Tr. Coprini Insecta. Revue Illustree d'Entomologie 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">d’Olsoufieff 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEF76FA1B741C04E8" author="Martinez A." box="[609,784,1468,1495]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref129799" refString="Martinez A. 1959. Catalogo de los Scarabaeidae Argentinos. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " 5: 1 - 126." type="journal article" year="1959">Martínez 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) are reliable and refer to the same kinds of habitats the species inhabits in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFECC2FA78751104C6" box="[469,541,1503,1529]" name="Brazil" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEF4AFA7875BB04C6" box="[605,695,1503,1529]" name="Bolivia" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. The one from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEE60FA4774A104C5" box="[887,941,1504,1530]" name="Peru" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEED7FA78736F04C5" author="Horgan F. G." box="[960,1123,1503,1530]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="117 - 133" refId="ref124477" refString="Horgan F. G. 2005. Effects of deforestation on diversity, biomass and function of dung beetles on the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes. Forest Ecology and Management 216: 117 - 133. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. foreco. 2005.05.049" type="journal article" year="2005">Horgan 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), though deep into the Amazon, also seems to be correct for no other species potentially present there could be confused with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEDAAF980763D077F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[189,305,1575,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diabroctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEDAAF980763D077F" box="[189,305,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">D. mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The single record from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEF73F98175C7077F" box="[612,715,1574,1600]" name="Uruguay" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEFCAF98174B4077F" author="d'Olsoufieff G." box="[733,952,1574,1600]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref134049" refString="d'Olsoufieff G. 1924. Les Phanaeides, Famille Scarabaeidae. Tr. Coprini Insecta. Revue Illustree d'Entomologie 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">d’Olsoufieff 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), on the other hand, was most likely based on old, mislabelled material and should be incorrect. Similarly, for the Guianas, only old records are available (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEC70F9CB75CE07B9" author="Hielkema A. J. & Hielkema M. A." box="[359,706,1644,1670]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref124225" refString="Hielkema A. J. & Hielkema M. A. 2019. An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas. Insecta Mundi 732 (732): 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2019">Hielkema & Hielkema 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and they, too, may well refer to mislabelled specimens. Finally, the Colombian and Venezuelan records (e.g.,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEE31F92874B90796" author="Vitolo A. L." box="[806,949,1679,1705]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="591 - 601" refId="ref141219" refString="Vitolo A. L. 2000. Clave para la identificacion de los generos y especies Phanaeinas de Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales 24 (93): 591 - 601." type="journal article" year="2000">Vítolo 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEED7F92873900796" author="Medina C. A. & Lopera-Toro A. & Vitolo A. & Gill B." box="[960,1180,1679,1705]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref130799" refString="Medina C. A., Lopera-Toro A., Vitolo A. & Gill B. 2001. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2: 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
|||
|
|
Medina
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFE909F937735B0796" box="[1054,1111,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2001
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; references below) may actually refer to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFECAEF91575D007F3" authorityName="Martinez & Clavijo" authorityYear="1990" box="[441,732,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diabroctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFECAEF91575D007F3" box="[441,732,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Diabroctis venezuelensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which was recently raised from subspecies status under
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52F9BCF3308152BFEDAAF970762307CF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[189,303,1751,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diabroctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimas">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEDAAF970762307CF" box="[189,303,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">D. mimas</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEC4BF971754807CF" author="Valois M. C. & Harada L. & Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F." box="[348,580,1750,1776]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="347 - 374" refId="ref140212" refString="Valois M. C., Harada L., Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. & Silva F. 2018. Synopsis of the genus Diabroctis Gistel, 1857 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with a new species description. Insect Systematics & Evolution 51: 347 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 00002203" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Valois
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFECB9F97076E607CF" box="[430,490,1750,1776]" italics="true" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2018)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Checking the specimens upon which these Venezuelan records were made is necessary to confirm whether the species should be moved to the list of species certainly present in the country or to that of those most certainly absent.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="DDE394FB308152B8EDAAF8FA768F0079" lastPageId="220" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9546C770308152BFEDAAF8FA76A80647" blockId="219.[189,420,1885,1912]" box="[189,420,1885,1912]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="CE0E701C308152BFEDAAF8FA76A80647" bold="true" box="[189,420,1885,1912]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" reason="3">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="A78D1B62308152BFEDAAF8FA76A80647" bold="true" box="[189,420,1885,1912]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Literature records</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9546C770308152B8EDAAF82B768F0079" blockId="219.[189,1399,1932,1994]" lastBlockId="220.[188,1399,265,326]" lastPageId="220" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEDAAF82B76960699" author="Nevinson B. G." box="[189,410,1932,1958]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref131974" refString="Nevinson B. G. 1892. Revised Synonymic List of Species in the Genera Phanӕus Macleay and Oxysternon Castelnau. Privately published, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9416" type="book" year="1892">Nevinson 1892: 6</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFECB8F82B75230699" box="[431,559,1932,1958]" name="Venezuela" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
). —
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFEF64F82A74F20698" author="Heyne A. & Taschenberg O." box="[627,1022,1932,1959]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" refId="ref124102" refString="Heyne A. & Taschenberg O. 1908. Die exotischen Kafer in Wort und Bild. J. F. Schreiber, Esslingen and Munich. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9363" type="book" year="1908">Heyne & Taschenberg 1908: 65</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFE903F82B73980699" box="[1044,1172,1932,1958]" name="Venezuela" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
). —
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFE9C0F82B77D606F5" author="Gillet J. J. E." pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="315 - 319" refId="ref121188" refString="Gillet J. J. E. 1911 a. Lamellicornes coprophages nouveaux ou peu connus d'Amerique du Sud. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 55: 315 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 2978" type="journal article" year="1911">Gillet 1911a: 85</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEDF9F808766206F6" box="[238,366,1967,1993]" name="Venezuela" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
). —
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFECB9F80875BB06F6" author="d'Olsoufieff G." box="[430,695,1967,1993]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref134049" refString="d'Olsoufieff G. 1924. Les Phanaeides, Famille Scarabaeidae. Tr. Coprini Insecta. Revue Illustree d'Entomologie 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">d’Olsoufieff 1924: 62</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, 140 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308152BFEE10F808748A06F6" box="[775,902,1967,1993]" name="Venezuela" pageId="219" pageNumber="220">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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: Caracas). —
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308152BFE92FF817727A06F6" author="Pessoa S. B. & Lane F." box="[1080,1398,1967,1994]" pageId="219" pageNumber="220" pagination="389 - 504" refId="ref135859" refString="Pessoa S. B. & Lane F. 1941. Coleopteros necrofagos de interesse medico-legal: ensaio monografico sobre a familia Scarabaeidae de S. Paulo e regioes vizinhas. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo 2: 389 - 504. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2176 - 7793.19412389 - 504" type="journal article" year="1941">Pessôa & Lane 1941: 474</bibRefCitation>
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(
|
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<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308652B8EDD2FEAE7649001C" box="[197,325,265,291]" name="Venezuela" pageId="220" pageNumber="221">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
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). —
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|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308652B8EC6DFEAE7584001C" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[378,648,265,291]" pageId="220" pageNumber="221" pagination="189 - 341" refId="ref111083" refString="Blackwelder R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin 185: 189 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.2" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 209</bibRefCitation>
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(
|
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|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308652B8EF81FEAE741A001C" box="[662,790,265,291]" name="Venezuela" pageId="220" pageNumber="221">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
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). —
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<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308652B8EE5CFEAE732C001C" author="Martinez A." box="[843,1056,265,292]" pageId="220" pageNumber="221" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref129799" refString="Martinez A. 1959. Catalogo de los Scarabaeidae Argentinos. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " 5: 1 - 126." type="journal article" year="1959">Martínez 1959: 96</bibRefCitation>
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(
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|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308652B8E938FEAE73A3001C" box="[1071,1199,265,291]" name="Venezuela" pageId="220" pageNumber="221">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
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). —
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="F168BA81308652B8E9F4FEAE77E40079" author="Vitolo A." pageId="220" pageNumber="221" pagination="277 - 318" refId="ref141259" refString="Vitolo A. 2004. Escarabajos estercoleros de la tribu Phanaeini de Colombia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae). In: Fernandez F., Andrade M. G. & Amat G. D. (eds) Insectos de Colombia 3: 277 - 318. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota." type="book chapter" year="2004">Vítolo 2004: 280</bibRefCitation>
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(
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|
<collectingCountry id="EDEE87E0308652B8EDE0FE8B767B0079" box="[247,375,300,326]" name="Venezuela" pageId="220" pageNumber="221">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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