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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.972.52853" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b5be8a15-c690-495c-9b35-a347dd965f7e" ID-PMC="PMC7544732" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-972-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2751774FF66A5579AE66145BE5055C8E" ID-PubMed="33071542" ID-ZooBank="791674942E9242C38D1FD4DE7264D7B7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-972-1" checkinTime="1601578722686" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dayrat, Benoit, Goulding, Tricia C., Apte, Deepak, Aslam, Sadar, Bourke, Adam, Comendador, Joseph, Khalil, Munawar, Ngo, Xuan Qu ảng, Tan, Siong Kiat &amp; Tan, Shau Hwai" docDate="2020" docId="7FE17DAC0598514D96816CDAF08D91AD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 972: 1-224" docOrigin="ZooKeys 972" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.972.52853" docTitle="Peronia willani Dayrat &amp; Goulding 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="FE5553D0-C9E2-4C5A-80D7-08A8C0AFC46A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="2751774FF66A5579AE66145BE5055C8E" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2751774FF66A5579AE66145BE5055C8E" masterDocTitle="Systematic revision of the genus Peronia Fleming, 1822 (Gastropoda, Euthyneura, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="224" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169548897" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Systematic revision of the genus Peronia Fleming, 1822 (Gastropoda, Euthyneura, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dayrat, Benoit</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1514-4854</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">bdayrat@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Goulding, Tricia C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Apte, Deepak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Opp. Lion Gate, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Mumbai 400 001, Maharashtra, India</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Aslam, Sadar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4340-7885</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bourke, Adam</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Engineering, Information Technology and the Environment, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Comendador, Joseph</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>National Museum of the Philippines, Taft Ave, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Metro Manila, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Khalil, Munawar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Science, Universitas Malikussaleh, Reuleut Main Campus, Kecamatan Muara Batu, North Aceh, Aceh, 24355, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8264-5317</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ngo, Xuan Qu ảng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam &amp; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2587-1999</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tan, Siong Kiat</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, 2 Conservatory Dr, National University of Singapore, 117377, Singapore</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tan, Shau Hwai</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden Penang, Malaysia &amp; Marine Science Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden Penang, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>972</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>224</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.972.52853</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.972.52853</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-972-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">791674942E9242C38D1FD4DE7264D7B7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2751774FF66A5579AE66145BE5055C8E</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168209569" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FE5553D0-C9E2-4C5A-80D7-08A8C0AFC46A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7FE17DAC0598514D96816CDAF08D91AD" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="7FE17DAC-0598-514D-9681-6CDAF08D91AD" authority="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani" status="sp. nov.">Peronia willani Dayrat &amp; Goulding</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F61" captionText="Figure 59. Habitats, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A large and open forest of Sonneratia alba with soft mud (st 62, type locality) B Avicennia mangrove with sandy mud (st 61) C view from the bridge to Channel Island, same as B." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 59</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 60. Live animals, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A holotype, dorsal view, 50 mm long [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B dorsal view, 35 mm long [1655] (NTM P. 57626) C dorsal view, 65 mm long [1620] (NTM P. 57626) D dorsal view, 40 mm long [1668] (NTM P. 57627) E dorsal view, 15 mm long [1670] (NTM P. 57627) F dorsal view, 15 mm long [1629] (NTM P. 57627) G ventral view, same as A; H ventral view, 60 mm long [1626] (NTM P. 57627) I ventral view, 10 mm long [1625] (NTM P. 57627) J ventral view, 18 mm long [1653] (NTM P. 57626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458360" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 60</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 61. Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory, holotype [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) A digestive system, dorsal view, the arrow indicates the orientation of the transitional loop B posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system C anterior, male, copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, C), 4 mm (B). Abbreviations: ag accessory penial gland, dd deferent duct, ddg dorsal digestive gland, fgm female gland mass, hg hermaphroditic gland, i intestine, ms muscular sac, ov oviduct, pdg posterior digestive gland, ps penial sheath, rm retractor muscle, rs receptaculum seminis, sp spermatheca, st stomach, v vestibule." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure61" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458361" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 61</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 62. Radula, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A holotype [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B-E [1668] (NTM P. 57627) F [1620] (NTM P. 57626) G [1626] (NTM P. 57627) A left half rows of teeth B rachidian and innermost lateral teeth C rachidian and innermost lateral teeth D outermost lateral teeth E lateral teeth F outermost lateral teeth G outermost lateral teeth. Scale bars: 200 μm (A), 20 μm (B, D, G), 60 μm (C, F), 100 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure62" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 62</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figure 63. Penial hooks, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A holotype, [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B same as A; C [1620] (NTM P. 57626) D [1626] (NTM P. 57627) E same as C; F same as D. Scale bars: 40 μm (A), 4 μm (B, E, F), 60 μm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 63</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 64. Accessory penial gland spine, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A, C holotype, [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B, D [1620] (NTM P. 57626). Scale bars: 300 μm (A, B), 20 μm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 64</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype.</emphasis>
Australia • holotype, hereby designated, 50/35 mm [1628 H]; Northern Territory, Darwin, Talc Head;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="28.765" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.479417">12°28.765'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="130" direction="east" minutes="46.297" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="130.77162">130°46.297'E</geoCoordinate>
; 15 Aug 2012; B Dayrat and field party leg.; station 62, large and open forest of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sonneratia alba" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sonneratia alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with soft mud; NTM P.57625.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Australia • 4 specimens 65/45 mm [1620], 18/14 mm [1653], 60/50 mm [1654], and 35/25 mm [1655]; Northern Territory, Darwin, on the right side of the road just before bridge to Channel Island;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="33.228" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.5538">12°33.228'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="130" direction="east" minutes="52.580" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="130.87633">130°52.580'E</geoCoordinate>
; 14 Aug 2012; B Dayrat and field party leg.; station 61,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Avicennia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Avicennia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mangrove with sandy mud; NTM P.57626. • 9 specimens 35/25 mm [1667], 60/50 mm [1623], 40/25 mm [1668], 22/18 mm [1669], 8/5 mm [1624], 10/7 mm [1625], 15/10 mm [1670], 60/40 mm [1626], and 15/12 mm [1629]; same collection data as for the holotype; NTM P.57627.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(historical museum collections).</emphasis>
Australia • 1 specimen 38/30 mm; Northern Territory, Port Darwin; Mac Leay leg.;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-12.5">12°30'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="130" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="130.83333">130°50'E</geoCoordinate>
; 1 Jan 1881; SMNH 180715.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 6. Geographical distribution of the Peronia species A distribution of all Peronia species except for P. peronii B distribution of P. peronii. The colors are the same as those used in Figs 2 - 5. Colored areas correspond to hypothetical geographical ranges based on confirmed records only. Distinct colors are used for each unit of P. verruculata. The distribution of P. verruculata in the Indo-West Pacific is actually continuous. However, because it is unclear which units are present in regions from where we have no fresh material of P. verruculata (red areas), no unit of P. verruculata is shown there. For P. peronii, black dots correspond to material identified based on anatomical characters and blue dots correspond to material with DNA sequences. Details on species distribution can be found in each species description." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458306" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
). Endemic to Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named after Richard Willan, senior curator of mollusks at the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia, who kindly and generously helped us during our field expedition around Darwin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F61" captionText="Figure 59. Habitats, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A large and open forest of Sonneratia alba with soft mud (st 62, type locality) B Avicennia mangrove with sandy mud (st 61) C view from the bridge to Channel Island, same as B." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59</figureCitation>
). Unlike most other
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1822" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, which are usually found in the rocky intertidal,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. willani" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is primarily found on sandy mud or even directly on mud.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 59" startId="F61">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 59.</emphasis>
Habitats,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Australia, Northern Territory
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
large and open forest of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sonneratia alba" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sonneratia alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with soft mud (st 62, type locality)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Avicennia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Avicennia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mangrove with sandy mud (st 61)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
view from the bridge to Channel Island, same as
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="color and morphology of live animals">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Color and morphology of live animals</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 60. Live animals, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A holotype, dorsal view, 50 mm long [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B dorsal view, 35 mm long [1655] (NTM P. 57626) C dorsal view, 65 mm long [1620] (NTM P. 57626) D dorsal view, 40 mm long [1668] (NTM P. 57627) E dorsal view, 15 mm long [1670] (NTM P. 57627) F dorsal view, 15 mm long [1629] (NTM P. 57627) G ventral view, same as A; H ventral view, 60 mm long [1626] (NTM P. 57627) I ventral view, 10 mm long [1625] (NTM P. 57627) J ventral view, 18 mm long [1653] (NTM P. 57626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458360" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">60</figureCitation>
). The color of the dorsal notum is highly variable, from nearly whitish to dark brown and greenish, most often mottled with darker and lighter areas. The color of the dorsal papillae varies as that of the background itself, but dorsal papillae can also be lighter (yellowish-greenish) than the background. The ventral surface (foot and hyponotum) varies from whitish (almost transparent) to yellowish and can change rapidly in any given individual. Occasionally, a black ring is present on the hyponotum around the pedal sole. The ocular tentacles are brown-grey, like the head. The dorsal notum of live animals is covered by dozens of papillae of various sizes. Some papillae bear black dorsal eyes at their tip. The number of papillae with dorsal eyes is variable (from 10 to 25). The largest specimens are 65 mm long.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458360" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 60" startId="F62">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 60.</emphasis>
Live animals,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Australia, Northern Territory
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
holotype, dorsal view, 50 mm long [1628 H] (NTM P.57625)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
dorsal view, 35 mm long [1655] (NTM P.57626)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
dorsal view, 65 mm long [1620] (NTM P.57626)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
dorsal view, 40 mm long [1668] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
dorsal view, 15 mm long [1670] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
dorsal view, 15 mm long [1629] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
ventral view, same as
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
ventral view, 60 mm long [1626] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
ventral view, 10 mm long [1625] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
ventral view, 18 mm long [1653] (NTM P.57626).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="digestive system">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Digestive system</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 61. Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory, holotype [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) A digestive system, dorsal view, the arrow indicates the orientation of the transitional loop B posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system C anterior, male, copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, C), 4 mm (B). Abbreviations: ag accessory penial gland, dd deferent duct, ddg dorsal digestive gland, fgm female gland mass, hg hermaphroditic gland, i intestine, ms muscular sac, ov oviduct, pdg posterior digestive gland, ps penial sheath, rm retractor muscle, rs receptaculum seminis, sp spermatheca, st stomach, v vestibule." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure61" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458361" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">61A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 62. Radula, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A holotype [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B-E [1668] (NTM P. 57627) F [1620] (NTM P. 57626) G [1626] (NTM P. 57627) A left half rows of teeth B rachidian and innermost lateral teeth C rachidian and innermost lateral teeth D outermost lateral teeth E lateral teeth F outermost lateral teeth G outermost lateral teeth. Scale bars: 200 μm (A), 20 μm (B, D, G), 60 μm (C, F), 100 μm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure62" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">62</figureCitation>
). Examples of radular formulae are presented in Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T5" captionText="Table 5. Radular formulae in Peronia species. Each formula follows the same format: number of rows x number of lateral teeth per left half row - 1 (rachidian tooth) - number of lateral teeth per right half row. Each DNA extraction number corresponds to one individual. The letter H next to an extraction number indicates a holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F6A603768F442AB5CA201CDCEC46CA6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="F6A603768F442AB5CA201CDCEC46CA6A">5</tableCitation>
. The median cusp of the rachidian teeth is approximately 30
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long. The hook of the lateral teeth is approximately 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long. The intestinal loops are of type I, with the transitional loop oriented between 3 to 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure61" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458361" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 61" startId="F63">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 61.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Australia, Northern Territory, holotype [1628 H] (NTM P.57625)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
digestive system, dorsal view, the arrow indicates the orientation of the transitional loop
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
anterior, male, copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
), 4 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
). Abbreviations: ag accessory penial gland, dd deferent duct, ddg dorsal digestive gland, fgm female gland mass, hg hermaphroditic gland, i intestine, ms muscular sac, ov oviduct, pdg posterior digestive gland, ps penial sheath, rm retractor muscle, rs receptaculum seminis, sp spermatheca, st stomach, v vestibule.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure62" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 62" startId="F64">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 62.</emphasis>
Radula,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Australia, Northern Territory
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
holotype [1628 H] (NTM P.57625)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-E</emphasis>
[1668] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
[1620] (NTM P.57626)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
[1626] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
left half rows of teeth
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
rachidian and innermost lateral teeth
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
rachidian and innermost lateral teeth
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
outermost lateral teeth
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
lateral teeth
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
outermost lateral teeth
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
outermost lateral teeth. Scale bars: 200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
), 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D, G</emphasis>
), 60
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, F</emphasis>
), 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reproductive system">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Reproductive system</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 61. Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory, holotype [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) A digestive system, dorsal view, the arrow indicates the orientation of the transitional loop B posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system C anterior, male, copulatory apparatus. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, C), 4 mm (B). Abbreviations: ag accessory penial gland, dd deferent duct, ddg dorsal digestive gland, fgm female gland mass, hg hermaphroditic gland, i intestine, ms muscular sac, ov oviduct, pdg posterior digestive gland, ps penial sheath, rm retractor muscle, rs receptaculum seminis, sp spermatheca, st stomach, v vestibule." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure61" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458361" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">61B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figure 63. Penial hooks, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A holotype, [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B same as A; C [1620] (NTM P. 57626) D [1626] (NTM P. 57627) E same as C; F same as D. Scale bars: 40 μm (A), 4 μm (B, E, F), 60 μm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 64. Accessory penial gland spine, Peronia willani, Australia, Northern Territory A, C holotype, [1628 H] (NTM P. 57625) B, D [1620] (NTM P. 57626). Scale bars: 300 μm (A, B), 20 μm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64</figureCitation>
). In the anterior (male) parts, the muscular sac of the accessory penial gland is less than 25 mm long. The hollow spine of the accessory penial gland is narrow, elongated, and straight or slightly curved, and its shape (including at its tip) varies between individuals. Its length ranges from 1.5 mm ([1620] NTM P.57626) to 1.9 mm ([1628 H] NTM P.57625). Its diameter at the conical base ranges from 240 to 250
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Its diameter at the tip ranges from 80 to 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. The retractor muscle is shorter or longer than the penial sheath and inserts near the heart. Inside the penial sheath, the penis is a narrow, elongated, soft, hollow tube. Its distal end bears conical hooks which are less than 37
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 63" startId="F65">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 63.</emphasis>
Penial hooks,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Australia, Northern Territory
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
holotype, [1628 H] (NTM P.57625)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
same as
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
[1620] (NTM P.57626)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
[1626] (NTM P.57627)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
same as
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
same as
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
. Scale bars: 40
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
), 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, E, F</emphasis>
), 60
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 64" startId="F66">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 64.</emphasis>
Accessory penial gland spine,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Australia, Northern Territory
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
holotype, [1628 H] (NTM P.57625)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D</emphasis>
[1620] (NTM P.57626). Scale bars: 300
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
), 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnostic features">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic features</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Summary of traits that can help identify Peronia species, based exclusively on specimens examined for the present revision. Species are arranged in a phylogenetic order (Figs 2 - 4). Traits are described in detail in species descriptions." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8BDBED7FCCE9A8E1C67A716B088DDD7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="8BDBED7FCCE9A8E1C67A716B088DDD7D">4</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by a unique combination of anatomical traits: intestinal loops of type I (with a transitional loop oriented between 3 and 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
), retractor muscle inserting at the posterior end of the visceral cavity, muscular sac up to 25 mm, spine of the accessory penial gland between 1.5 and 1.9 mm long.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dayrat &amp; Goulding" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia willani" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peronia willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is anatomically distinct from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. sydneyensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sydneyensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sydneyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it is most closely related (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationships between Peronia species based on concatenated mitochondrial COI and 16 S DNA sequences. Numbers by the branches are the bootstrap values (maximum likelihood analysis) and the posterior probabilities (Bayesian analysis). Only the values&gt; 50 % (ML) and&gt; 0.9 (Bayesian) are indicated. Numbers for each individual correspond to unique identifiers for DNA extraction. Information on specimens can be found in the lists of material examined and in Table 2. The color used for each species or mitochondrial unit is the same as the color used in Figs 3 - 6." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458300" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 4. Maximum parsimony consensus tree within Peronia based on concatenated nuclear ITS 2 and 28 S sequences. Numbers by the branches are the bootstrap values. Only the values&gt; 50 % are indicated. Numbers for each individual correspond to unique identifiers for DNA extraction. Information on specimens can be found in the lists of material examined and in Table 2. The color used for each species or mitochondrial unit is the same as the color used in Figs 2, 3, 5, 6." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458304" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
), and from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. verruculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="verruculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. verruculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it is close geographically (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 6. Geographical distribution of the Peronia species A distribution of all Peronia species except for P. peronii B distribution of P. peronii. The colors are the same as those used in Figs 2 - 5. Colored areas correspond to hypothetical geographical ranges based on confirmed records only. Distinct colors are used for each unit of P. verruculata. The distribution of P. verruculata in the Indo-West Pacific is actually continuous. However, because it is unclear which units are present in regions from where we have no fresh material of P. verruculata (red areas), no unit of P. verruculata is shown there. For P. peronii, black dots correspond to material identified based on anatomical characters and blue dots correspond to material with DNA sequences. Details on species distribution can be found in each species description." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458306" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A new species name is needed because no existing name applies to the species described here. A specimen from Darwin, Northern Territory, preserved in Stockholm (SMNH 180715) identified as
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. verruculatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="verruculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. verruculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Hoffmann, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="29 - 118" refId="B92" refString="Hoffmann, H, 1928. Zur Kenntnis der Oncidiiden. Zoologische Jahrbuecher 55: 29 - 118" title="Zur Kenntnis der Oncidiiden." volume="55" year="1928">Hoffmann (1928</bibRefCitation>
: 73) is identified here as
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. willani" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="willani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. willani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of its massive (18 mm long) muscular sac (Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Summary of traits that can help identify Peronia species, based exclusively on specimens examined for the present revision. Species are arranged in a phylogenetic order (Figs 2 - 4). Traits are described in detail in species descriptions." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8BDBED7FCCE9A8E1C67A716B088DDD7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="8BDBED7FCCE9A8E1C67A716B088DDD7D">4</tableCitation>
). Also, to our knowledge,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. verruculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="verruculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. verruculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not present in Northern Territory (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 6. Geographical distribution of the Peronia species A distribution of all Peronia species except for P. peronii B distribution of P. peronii. The colors are the same as those used in Figs 2 - 5. Colored areas correspond to hypothetical geographical ranges based on confirmed records only. Distinct colors are used for each unit of P. verruculata. The distribution of P. verruculata in the Indo-West Pacific is actually continuous. However, because it is unclear which units are present in regions from where we have no fresh material of P. verruculata (red areas), no unit of P. verruculata is shown there. For P. peronii, black dots correspond to material identified based on anatomical characters and blue dots correspond to material with DNA sequences. Details on species distribution can be found in each species description." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.972.52853.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/458306" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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