treatments-xml/data/03/9B/EA/039BEA6B916AFFCCFF3061C4FEBC53AC.xml

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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788422" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b32828c-16c6-48a7-81b5-167839a00cf0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750924" ID-ISSN="13132970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788422" ID-ZooBank="B78FF5F8-B52E-4E6F-B3EA-4992794ECAB7" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:77590E98-7A9B-4644-A5CF-1C90CE916C31" approvalRequired="7" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="7" checkinTime="1587987485008" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kondo, Takumasa" docDate="2010" docId="039BEA6B916AFFCCFF3061C4FEBC53AC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2186.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 42 (42)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@733fb462" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Bombacoccus aguacatae Kondo. By 2010, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="77590E98-7A9B-4644-A5CF-1C90CE916C31" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FFA29213916EFFCBFFBC6027FF905008" masterDocTitle="Description of a new coccid (Hemiptera, Coccidae) on avocado (Persea americana Mill.) from Colombia, South America" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1643558965548" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Description of a new coccid (Hemiptera, Coccidae) on avocado (Persea americana Mill.) from Colombia, South America</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Corpoica, Palmira, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2010-04-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>42</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>42</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>37</mods:start>
<mods:end>45</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.42.377</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">9b32828c-16c6-48a7-81b5-167839a00cf0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">13132970</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576651</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B78FF5F8-B52E-4E6F-B3EA-4992794ECAB7</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788422" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788422" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:77590E98-7A9B-4644-A5CF-1C90CE916C31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039BEA6B916AFFCCFF3061C4FEBC53AC" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,967,483,580]" box="[140,593,483,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<heading box="[140,593,483,510]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,593,483,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName authority="Kondo" authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[140,516,483,510]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,424,483,510]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis box="[140,297,483,510]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Bombacoccus</emphasis>
aguacatae
</emphasis>
Kondo
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[528,593,483,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,967,483,580]" box="[140,967,518,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<uri box="[140,967,518,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid box="[421,967,518,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">77590E98-7A9B-4644-A5CF-1C90CE916C31</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,967,483,580]" box="[140,236,554,580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Figs 1, 2</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,624,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,444,624,650]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis box="[140,285,624,650]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Description</emphasis>
, adult female
</emphasis>
(measurements based on n=18).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[813,978,624,650]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Insects in life.</emphasis>
Dorsum of young adult females covered by a white cottony wax, with a broad marginal fringe of cottony wax. The cottony wax is gradually replaced by a powdery white wax in older specimens (Fig. 1AE), and eventually the wax completely wears out. Insect after removal of wax, yellow-green to greenish brown in color, but older specimens becoming dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,624,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,411,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis box="[185,296,835,861]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" reason="1">Mounted</emphasis>
material.
</emphasis>
Adult female, oval to elongate oval in outline, 4.210.0 mm long,
<quantity box="[204,346,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.2" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.2" valueMin="3.8">3.88.2 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,624,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis box="[185,272,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Dorsum</emphasis>
. Derm membranous, becoming sclerotized in old specimens. Body setae sharply spinose, straight or slightly bent, each 12.520.0 µm long, scattered over dorsum, but abundant on mid-dorsum on area anterior to anal plates. Simple pores each 5.06.0 µm wide. Preopercular pores oval in shape, each
<quantity box="[795,944,1011,1038]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" metricValueMax="12.5" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="9.4" valueMax="12.5" valueMin="6.3">6.312.5 µm</quantity>
wide, convex, present in a large group anterior to anal plates and extending onto mid-dorsum. Dorsal microducts each 5.0 µm wide, evenly distributed throughout dorsum, densely distributed particularly in younger specimens, but less dense in older specimens due to dilation of derm. Anal plates each triangular in shape, located at about 1/4 of body length from posterior margin, each plate
<quantity box="[525,672,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.525" metricValueMax="2.65" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="252.5" valueMax="265.0" valueMin="240.0">240265 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity box="[744,892,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="137.5" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="125.0">125150 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity box="[229,379,1222,1249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.675" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="167.5" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="160.0">160175 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity box="[704,853,1222,1249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="182.5" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="165.0">165200 µm</quantity>
long. Each plate with 57 dorsal apical setae, about 4 ventral subapical setae, 2 fringe setae and 12 hypopygial setae. In older specimens, a sclerotized area about half the width of the anal plates or wider is formed around the anal plates. Anal ring with 10 setae, translucent pores in 2 irregular rows.
<emphasis box="[363,446,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Margin</emphasis>
. Marginal setae sharply spinose, straight or with bent tips, each
<quantity box="[196,357,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.25" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="42.5" valueMin="22.5">22.542.5 µm</quantity>
long, arranged in an irregular single row around body margin, with 914 marginal setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic spines. Stigmatic spines totaling 3; median spine each
<quantity box="[488,653,1469,1496]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.75" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="37.5" valueMin="22.5">22.537.5 µm</quantity>
long, lateral spines each 15.0
<quantity box="[1009,1107,1469,1496]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="32.5">32.5 µm</quantity>
long; median seta often longest. Eyespots not detected.
<emphasis box="[765,834,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Venter</emphasis>
. Ventral derm membranous. Ventral body setae sharply spinose, each
<quantity box="[659,820,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="22.5" valueMin="12.5">12.522.5 µm</quantity>
long, with 3 pairs of long prevulvar setae, each
<quantity box="[377,510,1574,1601]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50100 µm</quantity>
long. Submarginal setae in one row, similar to rest of ventral body setae. Interantennal setae totaling 6. Antennae reduced, total length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="230.0" valueMin="120.0">120 230 µm</quantity>
long, each 46 segmented. Clypeolabral shield
<quantity box="[795,946,1645,1672]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.95" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="317.5" valueMax="340.0" valueMin="295.0">295340 µm</quantity>
wide; labium
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1109,991,1141]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,237,991,1013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Figure |.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kondo" authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[243,522,991,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[243,450,991,1013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Bombacoccus aguacatae</emphasis>
Kondo
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[531,582,991,1012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[587,606,991,1013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">A</emphasis>
Young adult female
<emphasis bold="true" box="[794,839,991,1013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">B, C</emphasis>
Older adult female with cottony wax
<emphasis bold="true" box="[231,250,1023,1045]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">D</emphasis>
Older adult female with powdery wax
<emphasis bold="true" box="[618,633,1023,1045]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
Old adult female beginning to lose its wax
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1043,1057,1023,1045]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">F</emphasis>
Left. Old adult females. Right. Larva of a predatory syrphid fly
<emphasis bold="true" box="[670,690,1055,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
Adult female being visited by
<taxonomicName box="[967,1042,1055,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[967,1042,1055,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Pheidole</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. ant
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,160,1087,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">H</emphasis>
Sooty mould on an avocado fruit
<emphasis bold="true" box="[473,481,1087,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">I</emphasis>
Sooty mould on leaves of avocado plant. Photo 1.A by A.A. Ramos- Portilla; Photos 1.BI by T. Kondo.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,1187,1672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
with 4 pairs of setae. Legs reduced: total length
<quantity box="[700,850,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.175" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="217.5" valueMax="275.0" valueMin="160.0">160275 µm</quantity>
long; prothoracic legs generally shortest. Tarsal digitules each pointed; claw digitules knobbed; claw without a denticle. Spiracles large, anterior peritreme each
<quantity box="[717,866,1258,1285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="195.0" valueMax="240.0" valueMin="150.0">150240 µm</quantity>
wide, posterior peritreme each
<quantity box="[271,420,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="225.0" valueMax="275.0" valueMin="175.0">175275 µm</quantity>
wide. Spiracular pores with 5 loculi, each 6.07.0 µm wide; spiracular pore band about same width as peritreme but widening medially, each pore band reaching margins. Tubular ducts absent. Perivulvar pores with 5 loculi, each pore 7.08.0 µm wide, abundant, present ventrad to anal plates. Ventral microducts each with duct rim 4.0 µm wide, fairly abundant, scattered throughout venter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,1187,1672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,283,1469,1495]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis box="[185,278,1469,1495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" reason="1">Biology</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The insects were found on the tree branches and twigs of avocados of two varieties. Tiny parasitic wasps have been found to emerge from the body of old females and a species of syrphid fly (
<taxonomicName box="[472,564,1539,1565]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName box="[577,691,1539,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
) larvae have been found feeding on the coccid nymphs (Fig. 1F). Insects were observed being tended by
<taxonomicName box="[905,996,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[905,996,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Pheidole</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ants (Fig. 1G). Sooty moulds regularly grow on their excreted honeydew covering the branches, leaves and fruit (Figs 1H and I).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769146" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3769146" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769146/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" startId="6.[140,212,1340,1362]" targetBox="[208,1051,200,1283]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,1340,1458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,239,1340,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kondo" authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[245,528,1340,1362]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[245,360,1340,1361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Bombacoccus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kondo" authorityName="Kondo" box="[368,528,1340,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="aguacatae" status="sp. n.">
<taxonomicName box="[368,455,1341,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="aguacatae">
<emphasis box="[368,455,1341,1362]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">aguacatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kondo
</taxonomicName>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[538,591,1340,1361]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, adult female.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[730,787,1340,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">anplt</emphasis>
= anal plate;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[916,952,1340,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">ant</emphasis>
= antenna;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1065,1088,1340,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">ar</emphasis>
= anal ring;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[237,292,1372,1394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">dmic</emphasis>
= dorsal microduct;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[493,540,1372,1394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">dset</emphasis>
= dorsal setae;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[688,729,1372,1394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">edd</emphasis>
= enlargement of dorsal derm;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1031,1087,1372,1394]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">mset</emphasis>
= marginal setae;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[283,323,1404,1426]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">pvp</emphasis>
= perivulvar pore;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[497,539,1404,1426]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">pop</emphasis>
= preopercular pore;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[737,761,1404,1426]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">sp</emphasis>
= simple pore;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[904,942,1404,1426]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">spp</emphasis>
= spiracular pore;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,197,1436,1458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">stgsp</emphasis>
= stigmatic spine;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[371,425,1436,1458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">vmic</emphasis>
= ventral microduct;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[626,671,1436,1458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">vset</emphasis>
= ventral setae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection box="[185,700,1504,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,1504,1672]" box="[185,700,1504,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,344,1504,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis box="[185,339,1504,1530]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Neotropical region.
<collectingCountry box="[578,695,1504,1530]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,1504,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,331,1539,1565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis box="[185,243,1539,1565]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" reason="1">Host</emphasis>
plants.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[338,454,1540,1566]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authority="Mill. Collected" authorityName="Mill. Collected" authorityYear="1768" box="[464,829,1539,1565]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis box="[464,651,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Persea americana</emphasis>
Mill. Collected
</taxonomicName>
on the varieties Booth 8 and Hass.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,1504,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,393,1609,1635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis box="[185,286,1609,1635]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" reason="1">Material</emphasis>
studied.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608940959" collectingDate="2009-04-02" collectionCode="T" country="Colombia" county="Anserma" elevation="1910" latitude="5.243472" location="Finca Yarumalito" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.76283" municipality="Palo Blanco" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Caldas" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[402,660,1609,1636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<typeStatus box="[402,518,1610,1636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry box="[533,654,1609,1635]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion box="[670,749,1610,1636]" country="Colombia" name="Caldas" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Caldas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty box="[764,867,1610,1636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Anserma</collectingCounty>
, vereda
<collectingMunicipality box="[964,1103,1610,1636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Palo Blanco</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039BEA6B916AFFCCFF3061C4FEBC53AC:8EED0DA69168FFCDFF30664AFEC1568F" box="[140,337,1645,1671]" country="Colombia" county="Anserma" latitude="5.243472" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.76283" municipality="Palo Blanco" name="Finca Yarumalito" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" stateProvince="Caldas">Finca Yarumalito</location>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[349,511,1645,1672]" degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" precision="1" seconds="36.5" value="5.243472">05°14'36.5&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[523,687,1645,1672]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" precision="1" seconds="46.2" value="-75.76283">75°45'46.2&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation box="[699,829,1645,1672]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="1910.0">
<quantity box="[699,789,1645,1672]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="1910.0">1910 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
,
<date box="[841,950,1645,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="2009-04-02">
<collectingDate box="[841,950,1645,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="2009-04-02">2.iv.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectionCode box="[1018,1037,1646,1672]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">T</collectionCode>
. Kon-
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,167,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608940960" collectingDate="2009-04-02" collectionCode="UNCB, USNM" country="Colombia" county="Anserma" elevation="1910" latitude="5.243472" location="Finca Yarumalito" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.76283" municipality="Palo Blanco" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-adult="9" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Caldas" typeStatus="paratype">
do, ex
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mill. Collected" authorityYear="1768" box="[214,400,167,192]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis box="[214,400,167,192]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Persea americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, var. Booth 8, adult
<specimenCount box="[632,647,167,193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="female"></specimenCount>
, 1(1) (
<collectionCode box="[732,821,167,193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">UNCB</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[839,962,167,193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<typeStatus box="[839,957,167,193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
same data as holotype, 16(16:
<specimenCount box="[333,412,202,228]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="adult">9 adult</specimenCount>
females + 2 second-instars + 21 first-instar nymphs) (
<collectionCode box="[1004,1095,202,228]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608940961" collectingDate="2009-04-02" collectionCode="T" country="Colombia" county="Anserma" elevation="1910" latitude="5.243472" location="Finca Yarumalito" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.76283" municipality="Palo Blanco" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-adult="8" stateProvince="Caldas" typeStatus="paratype">
same data as Holotype, but
<collectedFrom box="[456,632,238,264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
on
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mill. Collected" authorityYear="1768" box="[493,632,238,263]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis box="[493,632,238,263]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">P. americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, var. Hass, 27 slides (
<specimenCount box="[877,957,237,263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="adult">8 adult</specimenCount>
females + 16 third-instar nymphs + 5 second-instar nymphs + 2 first-instar nymphs)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,167,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,262,307,333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis box="[185,257,307,333]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" reason="1">Notes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kondo, 2010" authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[272,532,307,333]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[272,532,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Bombacoccus aguacatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[541,605,308,334]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the only known soft scale insect (family
<taxonomicName box="[140,247,343,370]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
) in
<collectingCountry box="[296,410,343,369]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Colombia</collectingCountry>
with a dorsum covered in a white cottony or powdery wax. Most soft scales of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1895" box="[401,524,378,404]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Toumeyella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[401,524,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Toumeyella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group are covered by a thin layer of wax; however, a few species in North America are also covered either by a cottony wax, e.g.,
<taxonomicName authority="Cockerell" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pseudophilippia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quaintancii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Pseudophilippia quaintancii</emphasis>
Cockerell
</taxonomicName>
which occurs in the eastern
<collectingCountry box="[873,928,448,474]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">USA</collectingCountry>
and is covered by a profusion of fluffy, snow white wax (
<bibRefCitation author="Hamon AB &amp; Williams ML" box="[619,942,483,510]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refId="ref3641" refString="Hamon AB, Williams ML (1984) The soft scale insects of Florida (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas. Florida Department of Agriculture &amp; Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industries, Gainesville, 194 pp." type="book" year="1984">Hamon and Williams 1984</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName authority="(Thro)" baseAuthorityName="Thro" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Neolecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornuparvum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Neolecanium cornuparvum</emphasis>
(Thro)
</taxonomicName>
, also occurring in the eastern
<collectingCountry box="[743,801,519,545]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">USA</collectingCountry>
, which ie usually covered in a white bloom or mealy wax (
<bibRefCitation author="Hamon AB &amp; Williams ML" box="[531,861,554,580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" refId="ref3641" refString="Hamon AB, Williams ML (1984) The soft scale insects of Florida (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas. Florida Department of Agriculture &amp; Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industries, Gainesville, 194 pp." type="book" year="1984">Hamon and Williams 1984</bibRefCitation>
); and one other species from
<collectingCountry box="[251,339,589,615]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName authority="(Cockerell)" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" box="[351,757,589,616]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Neotoumeyella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaenae">
<emphasis box="[351,621,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Neotoumeyella leucaenae</emphasis>
(Cockerell)
</taxonomicName>
which has been reported to be somewhat covered with small patches of dull white waxy secretion (
<bibRefCitation author="Cockerell TDA" box="[912,1094,624,650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="45 - 48" refId="ref3537" refString="Cockerell TDA (1903) Five New Coccidae from Mexico. The Entomologist 36: 45 - 48." type="journal article" year="1903">Cockerell 1903</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[140,400,659,685]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae">
<emphasis box="[140,400,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Bombacoccus aguacatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily separated from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" box="[749,906,660,685]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pseudophilippia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quaintancii">
<emphasis box="[749,906,660,685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">P. quaintancii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following features (morphological features of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" box="[561,719,695,720]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pseudophilippia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quaintancii">
<emphasis box="[561,719,695,720]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">P. quaintancii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in parentheses): (i) preopercular pores present (absent); (ii) dorsal microducts not invaginated (invaginated); and (iii) stigmatic setae present (absent).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[518,779,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae">
<emphasis box="[518,779,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Bombacoccus aguacatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles also
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thro" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Neolecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornuparvum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">N. cornuparvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[249,391,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Neotoumeyella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaenae">
<emphasis box="[249,391,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">N. leucaenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[516,657,801,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae">
<emphasis box="[516,657,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">B. aguacatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily separated from these two species by the presence of ventral tubular ducts in the perivulvar region of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thro" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Neolecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornuparvum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">N. cornuparvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[302,445,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Neotoumeyella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucaenae">
<emphasis box="[302,445,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">N. leucaenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo. By" authorityYear="2010" box="[561,821,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Bombacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aguacatae">
<emphasis box="[561,821,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Bombacoccus aguacatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
completely lacks ventral tubular ducts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>