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<mods:title id="C1A065D3E169C20E5076CEC4FD6AA2E2">Revision and phylogeny of Chelagyrtodes Szymczakowski (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Camiarinae: Agyrtodini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="50E4A6CEB0D5851C84C64410D403842D">Seago, Ainsley E.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="BA4FCA18FFB9C057FF3CF997FAE3BCA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6185908" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119421863" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6185908" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA4FCA18FFB9C057FF3CF997FAE3BCA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA4FCA18FFB9C057FF3CF997FAE3BCA2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="7AFC2885FFB9C056FF3CF997FDA6BF0E" box="[151,601,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB9C056FF3CF997FDA6BF0E" blockId="2.[151,601,1582,1608]" box="[151,601,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="6911CC62FFB9C056FF3CF997FDA6BF0E" bold="true" box="[151,601,1582,1608]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB9C056FF3CF997FDA6BF0E" ID-CoL="8XKDC" authority="Szymczakowski, 1973" authorityName="Szymczakowski" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,601,1582,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB9C056FF3CF997FDA6BF0E" bold="true" box="[151,601,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB9C056FF3CF997FEBBBF0E" bold="true" box="[151,324,1582,1608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Chelagyrtodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="567706FFFFB9C056FEE0F997FDA6BF0E" author="Szymczakowski" box="[331,601,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Szymczakowski, W. (1973) Nouvelles notes sur les Catopidae (Coleoptera) de la region australienne. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 18, 93 - 132." type="journal article" year="1973">Szymczakowski, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AFC2885FFB9C056FF3CF9CCFD61BE23" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB9C056FF3CF9CCFD61BE23" blockId="2.[151,1436,1653,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB9C056FF3CF9CCFEEEBFC8" bold="true" box="[151,273,1653,1678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body size small (1.52.0 mm), shape ovoid, limuloid to parallel-sided in dorsal aspect. Procoxal cavities internally closed behind by confluence of prosternal process and triangular notal processes arising from hypomeron; procoxal fossa bordered anteriorly by pronounced carina. Series of minute setiferous punctures adjacent to the lateral margins of the pronotal hypomeron. Mesoventral carina pronounced, incomplete anteriorly; mesocoxae not completely divided. Mandibles with subapical spine cluster; maxilla lacking compact, articulated lacinial spore-brush; maxillary palpi with terminal segment narrower than penultimate segment. Males with or without chelate protibiae. Flight wings absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AFC2885FFB9C057FF6CF8C8FDA3BD49" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB9C056FF6CF8C8FD8BBEB3" blockId="2.[151,1436,1653,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB9C056FF6CF8C8FE92BECC" bold="true" box="[199,365,1905,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Redescription</emphasis>
. Body shape limuloid or ovate and parallel-sided in dorsal view; head almost entirely concealed by pronotum. Color dark brown to ferrugineous (highly variable in
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB9C056FC35F82FFBF9BEE8" box="[926,1030,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davidi">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB9C056FC35F82FFBF9BEE8" box="[926,1030,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. davidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which may be unicolored or bicolored), with tarsi and mouthparts paler brown. Dorsum pubescent to glabrous, pronotum weakly punctate, elytra transversely striate (punctate in
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB9C056FE57F867FD9CBEB0" box="[508,611,2014,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davidi">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB9C056FE57F867FD9CBEB0" box="[508,611,2014,2038]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. davidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFF21FA6DB822" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Antennae not extending beyond hind margin of pronotum in repose; antennal club robust, relatively compact, interrupted with segment 8 subquadrate to transverse, nearly as wide as 7. Eyes round, weakly emarginate posteriorly, coarsely facetted. Epistomal suture present or absent. Mandible short, robust, with pronounced mola, prostheca, and secondary subapical spine cluster (
<figureCitation id="AADD678BFFB8C057FD30FEBDFD1BB85A" box="[667,740,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1678,1701]" captionTargetBox="[247,1345,916,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[239,1348,903,1657]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2 3. Details of Chelagyrtodes. 2) Tibial dimorphism of adult male: a) chelate protibia (C. crowsoni); b) simple protibia (generalized). 3) Generalized mandible with subapical spine cluster (SSC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201679/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FD5EFEBCFCE8B85A" box="[757,791,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ssc</emphasis>
). Maxilla with galea simple, bearing weak setal brush apically; lacinia with apical, non-articulated spine cluster. Maxillary palpi with penultimate segment broader and slightly longer than apical segment; terminal segment apically attenuate, weakly lobed. Labial palpi 2-segmented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFEC9FC96BA52" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Pronotum transverse, convex anteriorly, hind margin weakly concave, posterior angles acute, weakly produced. Elytra without longitudinal strial impressions; transverse strigae or irregular deep punctures present or absent, but never present in combination.
<collectingCountry id="4AF13B9EFFB8C057FDC5FE0EFD59B889" box="[622,678,439,463]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Hind</collectingCountry>
wings absent. Epipleuron complete or very nearly complete, tapering to apex. Procoxal cavities “incompletely closed”, internally closed by prosternal process and externally closed by blunt triangular process of hypomeron; processes not fused. Procoxal cavity narrowly separated from, or nearly contacting, anterior margin of prosternum. Hypomeron with confused row of minute setiferous punctures adjacent to lateral margins and insertion of head. Meso- and metathoracic ventrites transverse; metaventrite less than half as long as mesoventrite along midline. Mesoventrite with median carina. Mesepimeron reduced to small oval sclerite broadly contacting mesocoxal cavities; mesepisternum weakly differentiated, almost completely fused to mesoventrite. Metanepisternum with produced clamp slightly overlapping epipleuron. Legs robust, tibiae spinose. Males with (
<figureCitation id="AADD678BFFB8C057FF73FD6EFEE4BBA9" box="[216,283,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1678,1701]" captionTargetBox="[247,1345,916,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[239,1348,903,1657]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2 3. Details of Chelagyrtodes. 2) Tibial dimorphism of adult male: a) chelate protibia (C. crowsoni); b) simple protibia (generalized). 3) Generalized mandible with subapical spine cluster (SSC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201679/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a) or without (
<figureCitation id="AADD678BFFB8C057FE10FD6EFE01BBA9" box="[443,510,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1678,1701]" captionTargetBox="[247,1345,916,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[239,1348,903,1657]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2 3. Details of Chelagyrtodes. 2) Tibial dimorphism of adult male: a) chelate protibia (C. crowsoni); b) simple protibia (generalized). 3) Generalized mandible with subapical spine cluster (SSC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201679/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b) protibiae chelate; protarsi at most weakly expanded with tenent setae, mesotarsi not expanded (with or without tenent setae); tarsal claws simple.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFCA6FF2CBA1A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Abdominal ventrites strongly transverse, male abdominal ventrite 6 weakly notched to completely divided at apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFCDEFDF3BA8E" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male genital segment elongate to subquadrate, with or without produced anterior apophysis. Aedeagus with paired symmetrical parameres, variously straight, flattened, or bent. Median lobe simple, gently curved ventrad, with or without papilliform apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFC6DFDA3BD49" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Female genitalia consisting of an internal unsclerotized, sac-like bursa flanked by elongate, flared paraprocts and short external gonocoxites and styli.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AFC2885FFB8C057FF6CFBA5FBC9BCDB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFBA5FBE8BDAE" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FF6CFBA5FEC4BD72" bold="true" box="[199,315,1052,1076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks.</emphasis>
Both sexes of
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FE40FBA5FD70BD72" box="[491,655,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FE40FBA5FD70BD72" box="[491,655,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chelagyrtodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other agyrtodine leiodids (
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FB57FBA4FF2FBD1E" authority="Newton 1998" authorityName="Newton" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sensu">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FB57FBA4FAC5BD72" box="[1276,1338,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="567706FFFFB8C057FAE8FBA4FF2FBD1E" author="Newton" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Newton, A. F. (1998) Phylogenetic problems, current classification and generic catalog of World Leiodidae (including Cholevidae). In: Giachino, P. M. &amp; Peck, S. B. (Eds.), Phylogeny and evolution of subterranean and endogean Cholevidae (= Leiodidae Cholevinae). Proceedings of a Symposium (30 August, 1996, Florence, Italy), XX International Congress of Entomology. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Turin, pp. 41 - 178." type="book chapter" year="1998">Newton 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) by their small size and the combination of diagnostic characters mentioned above. The chief diagnostic character for
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FF54FBDDFE5DBD3A" box="[255,418,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FF54FBDDFE5DBD3A" box="[255,418,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chelagyrtodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as defined by Szymczakowski was the chelate (expanded and strongly bent) protibiae in males (
<figureCitation id="AADD678BFFB8C057FF4CFB31FED5BDE6" box="[231,298,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 3" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1678,1701]" captionTargetBox="[247,1345,916,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[239,1348,903,1657]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 2 3. Details of Chelagyrtodes. 2) Tibial dimorphism of adult male: a) chelate protibia (C. crowsoni); b) simple protibia (generalized). 3) Generalized mandible with subapical spine cluster (SSC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201679/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a); this characteristic is sufficient to recognize two of the five species in the genus. The remaining species lack the male protibial modification, but are otherwise morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FBF7FB14FB1DBD82" box="[1116,1250,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crowsoni">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FBF7FB14FB1DBD82" box="[1116,1250,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. crowsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, sharing the loss of lacinial spore-brush and the presence of a subapical mandibular spine cluster.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFB4DFAA6BC12" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Placement of
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FEC9FB4DFDFABC4A" box="[354,517,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FEC9FB4DFDFABC4A" box="[354,517,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chelagyrtodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within Agyrtodini is supported by analyses of morphological and molecular data (Seago, in prep.). The elytra with transverse strigae in all species apart from
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FBA5FAA1FB88BC76" box="[1038,1143,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davidi">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FBA5FAA1FB88BC76" box="[1038,1143,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. davidi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and lacking longitudinal strial impressions or puncture rows, suggest placement in the
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FCE2FA85FC44BC12" box="[841,955,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FCE2FA85FC44BC12" box="[841,955,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Agyrtodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group delineated by
<bibRefCitation id="567706FFFFB8C057FB0CFA84FAAABC12" author="Newton" box="[1191,1365,1340,1364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Newton, A. F. (1985) South temperate Staphylinoidea (Coleoptera) their potential for biogeographic analysis of austral disjuctions. In: Ball, G. (Ed.) Taxonomy, phylogeny and zoogeography of beetles and ants. Dr. W. Junk, Dordrecht, pp. 180 - 220." type="book chapter" year="1985">Newton (1985)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFAD8FBC9BCDB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<bibRefCitation id="567706FFFFB8C057FF6CFAD8FE8EBC3E" author="Newton" box="[199,369,1376,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Newton, A. F. (1998) Phylogenetic problems, current classification and generic catalog of World Leiodidae (including Cholevidae). In: Giachino, P. M. &amp; Peck, S. B. (Eds.), Phylogeny and evolution of subterranean and endogean Cholevidae (= Leiodidae Cholevinae). Proceedings of a Symposium (30 August, 1996, Florence, Italy), XX International Congress of Entomology. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Turin, pp. 41 - 178." type="book chapter" year="1998">Newton (1998)</bibRefCitation>
reports “13 new species seen” for this genus, but based on careful examination of external and internal characters in all available material, we recognize five species in the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AFC2885FFB8C057FF6CFA11FAE3BCA2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="32597B0EFFB8C057FF6CFA11FAE3BCA2" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FF6CFA11FEB1BC86" bold="true" box="[199,334,1448,1472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FEFEFA11FE07BC86" box="[341,504,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Chelagyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FEFEFA11FE07BC86" box="[341,504,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chelagyrtodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is derived from
<taxonomicName id="F5E6008DFFB8C057FD18FA11FCDBBC86" box="[691,804,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Agyrtodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FD18FA11FCDBBC86" box="[691,804,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Agyrtodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a prefix referring to the chelate protibiae of males (Greek
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FF47FA75FED8BCA2" box="[236,295,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">chele</emphasis>
, meaning “claw”). The genus name is masculine, following the gender of the suffix -
<emphasis id="0092A71CFFB8C057FB49FA75FAEABCA2" box="[1250,1301,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">odes</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>