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<mods:title id="56669F4D4EFDF42066120D6C0CAA2E4D">Certhiasomus, a new genus of woodcreeper (Aves: Passeriformes: Dendrocolaptidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B501B81A5A076C074E1C829BC8F812E2">Claramunt, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="7832E513161FFFD712C5FF04FD418693" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5667809" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127703569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5667809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7832E513161FFFD712C5FF04FD418693" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7832E513161FFFD712C5FF04FD418693" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD312C5FF04FE3085EB" blockId="1.[151,463,151,177]" box="[151,463,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="AB6CE369161FFFD312C5FF04FE3085EB" bold="true" box="[151,463,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FF04FE3085EB" bold="true" box="[151,463,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD312C5FF04FEC085EB" box="[151,319,151,177]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FF04FEC085EB" bold="true" box="[151,319,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
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, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D9DC356C161FFFD3131FFF04FE3085EB" box="[333,463,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="B881078E161FFFD312C5FF73FD16846D" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD312C5FF73FD3B85AD" blockId="1.[151,1436,224,311]" box="[151,708,224,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<typeStatus id="2F20EAA7161FFFD312C5FF73FF3385AD" box="[151,204,224,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Type</typeStatus>
species. 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3137EFF73FD3F85AD" authority="Pelzeln 1868" authorityName="Pelzeln" authorityYear="1868" box="[300,704,224,247]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3137EFF73FDD485AD" box="[300,555,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Sittasomus stictolaemus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD31061FF73FD3F85AD" author="Pelzeln" box="[563,704,224,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Pelzeln, A. von. 1868. Zur Ornithologie Brasiliens. Resultate von Johann Natterers Reisen in den Jahren 1817 bis 1835. Part 1, 1 - 68. Pichler's Witwe &amp; Sohn, Wien." type="journal article" year="1868">Pelzeln 1868</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD312C5FF6CFD16846D" blockId="1.[151,1436,224,311]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FF6CFEC1844D" bold="true" box="[151,318,255,279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Included taxa.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3131AFE93FCCA844D" authority="Pelzeln 1868" authorityName="Pelzeln" authorityYear="1868" box="[328,821,256,279]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3131AFE93FD77844D" box="[328,648,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus s. stictolaemus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD310C8FE93FCD2844D" author="Pelzeln" box="[666,813,256,279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Pelzeln, A. von. 1868. Zur Ornithologie Brasiliens. Resultate von Johann Natterers Reisen in den Jahren 1817 bis 1835. Part 1, 1 - 68. Pichler's Witwe &amp; Sohn, Wien." type="journal article" year="1868">Pelzeln 1868</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31116FE93FA67844D" authority="Hellmayr 1904" authorityName="Hellmayr" authorityYear="1904" box="[836,1432,256,279]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="secundus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31116FE93FB2B844D" box="[836,1236,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus stictolaemus secundus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD316B4FE93FA6F844D" author="Hellmayr" box="[1254,1424,256,279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Hellmayr, C. E. 1904. [Mr. C. E. Hellmayr exhibited the types of five South-American birds, which he described as follows]. Bulletin of the British Ornithologist's Club 14, 51 - 55." type="journal article" year="1904">Hellmayr 1904</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31295FEB3FD1D846D" authority="Zimmer 1929" authorityName="Zimmer" authorityYear="1929" box="[199,738,288,311]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="clarior">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31295FEB3FDC8846D" box="[199,567,288,311]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus stictolaemus clarior</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD31017FEB3FD25846D" author="Zimmer" box="[581,730,288,311]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Zimmer, J. T. 1929. The birds of the Neotropical genus Deconychura. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 17, 3 - 18." type="journal article" year="1929">Zimmer 1929</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B881078E161FFFD312C5FEF6FC0587AE" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD312C5FEF6FC0587AE" blockId="1.[151,1437,357,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FEF6FEE28425" bold="true" box="[151,285,357,383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Small woodcreeper (
<quantity id="3763F9E0161FFFD31075FEF6FD6F8425" box="[551,656,357,383]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" unit="g" value="17.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="13.0">13–22 g</quantity>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD310CCFEF6FC6B8425" author="Marantz" box="[670,916,357,383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Marantz, C. A., Aleixo, A., Bevier, L. R. &amp; Patten, M. A. (2003) Family Dendrocolaptidae (Woodcreepers). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. &amp; Christie, D. A. (Eds), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 8: Broadbills to Tapaculos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 358 - 447." type="journal article" year="2003">
Marantz 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3115FFEF6FCBB8424" box="[781,836,357,382]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. 2003
</bibRefCitation>
) with relatively long tail and slender bill. 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD312C5FE19FEB784F9" box="[151,328,394,419]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FE19FEB784F9" box="[151,328,394,419]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD313A4FE19FD5B84F9" box="[502,676,394,419]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD313A4FE19FD5B84F9" box="[502,676,394,419]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Dendrocincla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and all “strong billed woodcreeper genera (
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<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD316B3FE19FA6B84F9" box="[1249,1428,394,419]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Drymotoxeres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD312C5FE23FEDD8493" box="[151,290,432,457]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Drymornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FE23FEDD8493" box="[151,290,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Drymornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31361FE23FE738493" box="[307,396,432,457]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Nasica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31361FE23FE738493" box="[307,396,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Nasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD313CCFE23FD9C8493" box="[414,611,432,457]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrexetastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD313CCFE23FD9C8493" box="[414,611,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Dendrexetastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31027FE23FCE68493" box="[629,793,432,457]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Hylexetastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31027FE23FCE68493" box="[629,793,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Hylexetastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31179FE23FC1C8493" box="[811,995,432,457]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Xiphocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31179FE23FC1C8493" box="[811,995,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Xiphocolaptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD311A7FE23FB3E8493" box="[1013,1217,432,457]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD311A7FE23FB3E8493" box="[1013,1217,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Dendrocolaptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31681FE23FA6A8493" box="[1235,1429,432,457]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Xiphorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31681FE23FA6A8493" box="[1235,1429,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Xiphorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD312C5FE46FEB584B4" box="[151,330,469,494]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Lepidocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FE46FEB584B4" box="[151,330,469,494]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Lepidocolaptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD313D7FE46FD9B84B4" box="[389,612,469,494]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Campylorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD313D7FE46FD9B84B4" box="[389,612,469,494]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Campylorhamphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD31026FE46FCDD84B5" author="Feduccia" box="[628,802,469,495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" refString="Feduccia, A. (1973) Evolutionary trends in the Neotropical ovenbirds and woodhewers. Ornithological Monographs, 13, 1 - 69." type="journal article" year="1973">Feduccia 1973</bibRefCitation>
) by a combination of small size, operculated nostrils, and rectrices with long, strongly decurved protruding rachises covered with short stiff barbs. Distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3128BFDB3FE708763" box="[217,399,544,569]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Glyphorynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3128BFDB3FE708763" box="[217,399,544,569]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Glyphorynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its longer non-wedge-shaped bill, and from 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3119EFDB3FBB28763" box="[972,1101,544,569]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3119EFDB3FBB28763" box="[972,1101,544,569]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its light throat markings and more pronounced tail graduation. Distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3110FFDD6FC008704" box="[861,1023,581,606]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3110FFDD6FC008704" box="[861,1023,581,606]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its smaller size, absence of an apical bill hook, nearly unstreaked crown, and extensive rufous coloration on rump (restricted to upper tail coverts in 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31343FD03FE5087F3" box="[273,431,656,681]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31343FD03FE5087F3" box="[273,431,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Myologically, it is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD311DBFD03FBD887F3" box="[905,1063,656,681]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD311DBFD03FBD887F3" box="[905,1063,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3162DFD03FE9D8794" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">iliotibialis lateralis pars postacetabularis</emphasis>
muscle, the caudal margin of which arises even with the caudal edge of the 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3175EFD26FA628794" box="[1292,1437,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">iliofibularis</emphasis>
muscle in 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3135DFD49FE4687A9" box="[271,441,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3135DFD49FE4A87A9" box="[271,437,730,755]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Certhiasomus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and cranial to it in 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD310CFFD49FC0887AE" authority="Raikow 1994" authorityName="Raikow" authorityYear="1994" box="[669,1015,730,756]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD310CFFD49FCC487A9" box="[669,827,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Deconychura</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD31118FD49FC1187AE" author="Raikow" box="[842,1006,730,756]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Raikow, R. J. (1994) A phylogeny of the woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae). The Auk, 111, 104 - 114." type="journal article" year="1994">Raikow 1994</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B881078E161FFFD71294FD6CFD418693" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD31294FD6CFDDF86D0" blockId="1.[151,1437,357,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31294FD6CFEAC8643" bold="true" box="[198,339,767,793]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Greek 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31065FC93FD758643" box="[567,650,768,793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">certhia</emphasis>
(treecreeper) and 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31127FC93FC4D8643" box="[885,946,768,793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">soma</emphasis>
(body), referring to the morphological similarities between this small woodcreeper and the treecreepers 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD311FEFCB6FBD28665" box="[940,1069,805,831]" class="Aves" family="Certhiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Certhiidae</taxonomicName>
. The construction of the name parallels that of the closely related 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31068FCD9FD458639" box="[570,698,842,867]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31068FCD9FD458639" box="[570,698,842,867]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the genus in which 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD311E1FCD9FB958639" box="[947,1130,842,867]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD311E1FCD9FB958639" box="[947,1130,842,867]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">C. stictolaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described. The name is masculine in gender.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD31294FC06FB4180CE" blockId="1.[151,1437,357,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31294FC06FE3986F5" bold="true" box="[198,454,917,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Molecular analyses.</emphasis>
Our preliminary molecular analysis of all dendrocolaptid species found that 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD312C5FC29FEC48689" box="[151,315,954,979]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FC29FEC48689" box="[151,315,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sister to a clade composed of 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31090FC29FBED8689" box="[706,1042,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31090FC29FC988689" box="[706,871,954,979]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dendrocincla</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31121FC29FBED8689" box="[883,1042,954,979]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deconychura</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31606FC29FB2B8689" box="[1108,1236,954,979]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31606FC29FB2B8689" box="[1108,1236,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. To demonstrate that 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31298FC73FE9786A3" box="[202,360,992,1017]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31298FC73FE9786A3" box="[202,360,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD313F3FC73FDBB86A3" box="[417,580,992,1017]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD313F3FC73FDBB86A3" box="[417,580,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not sister genera, we present an analysis of a subset of taxa from this larger study. We included in the analysis individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31172FB96FBA28144" box="[800,1117,1029,1054]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31172FB96FBA28144" box="[800,1117,1029,1054]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Certhiasomus stictolaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3163EFB96FA6A8144" box="[1132,1429,1029,1054]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3163EFB96FA6A8144" box="[1132,1429,1029,1054]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Deconychura longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD312C5FBB9FDAA811E" authority="Lichtenstein" authorityName="Lichtenstein" box="[151,597,1066,1092]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="turdina">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD312C5FBB9FE5F8119" box="[151,416,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Dendrocincla turdina</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="888C1495161FFFD313E3FBB9FDB2811E" box="[433,589,1066,1092]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
(Plain-winged Woodcreeper), 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31180FBB9FAF78119" box="[978,1288,1066,1091]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseicapillus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31180FBB9FAF78119" box="[978,1288,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Sittasomus griseicapillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3174AFBB9FE888130" authority="Eyton" authorityName="Eyton" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Drymornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bridgesii">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3174AFBB9FEF48133" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Drymornis bridgesii</emphasis>
(Eyton)
</taxonomicName>
(Scimitar-billed Woodcreeper), 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3114DFBC3FB238130" authority="Vieillot" authorityName="Vieillot" box="[799,1244,1104,1130]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Glyphorynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spirurus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3114DFBC3FBA68133" box="[799,1113,1104,1129]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Glyphorynchus spirurus</emphasis>
(Vieillot)
</taxonomicName>
(Wedge-billed Woodcreeper), 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31303FBE6FD6181D5" authority="Gmelin" authorityName="Gmelin" box="[337,670,1141,1167]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendroplex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31303FBE6FDD881D4" box="[337,551,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Dendroplex picus</emphasis>
(Gmelin)
</taxonomicName>
(Straight-billed Woodcreeper), and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31604FBE6FDBD81EE" authority="(Des Murs) (Montane Woodcreeper)" authorityName="(Des Murs) (Montane Woodcreeper" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Lepidocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacrymiger">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31604FBE6FA6281D4" box="[1110,1437,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Lepidocolaptes lacrymiger</emphasis>
(Des Murs) (Montane Woodcreeper)
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="BD1961BE161FFFD3101DFB09FD5881EE" box="[591,679,1178,1204]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,489,513]" captionTargetBox="[167,1417,549,1876]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Tissue samples used in the genetic analysis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A4E4048D161CFFD012C5FE7AFD1B875A" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" tableUuid="A4E4048D161CFFD012C5FE7AFD1B875A">Table 1</tableCitation>
). We included six individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3167BFB08FB2281EE" box="[1065,1245,1179,1204]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3167BFB08FB2281EE" box="[1065,1245,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">C. stictolaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two for each of the three described subspecies: 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31040FB53FD198183" box="[530,742,1216,1241]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31040FB53FD198183" box="[530,742,1216,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">C. s. stictolaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD310A4FB53FC5D8183" box="[758,930,1216,1241]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="secundus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD310A4FB53FC5D8183" box="[758,930,1216,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">C. s. secundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD311B7FB53FB8A8183" box="[997,1141,1216,1241]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="clarior">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD311B7FB53FB8A8183" box="[997,1141,1216,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">C. s. clarior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We sequenced multiple individuals of 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31310FB76FE0E81A4" box="[322,497,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31310FB76FE1281A4" box="[322,493,1253,1278]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">D. longicauda</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
including one individual of the 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3113FFB76FC4A81A4" box="[877,949,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">typica</emphasis>
group from Central 
<collectingCountry id="888C1495161FFFD316FBFB76FAED81A5" box="[1193,1298,1253,1279]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">America</collectingCountry>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD3174FFB76FEF3807E" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Marantz, C. A., Aleixo, A., Bevier, L. R. &amp; Patten, M. A. (2003) Family Dendrocolaptidae (Woodcreepers). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. &amp; Christie, D. A. (Eds), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 8: Broadbills to Tapaculos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 358 - 447." type="journal article">
Marantz 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD317D5FB76FF51807E" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. (2003)
</bibRefCitation>
suggested that this group might be more closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3119CFA98FB7A807E" box="[974,1157,1291,1316]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3119CFA98FB7A807E" box="[974,1157,1291,1316]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">C. stictolaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to the Amazonian forms of 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD3135AFAA3FE488013" box="[264,439,1328,1353]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3135AFAA3FE488013" box="[264,439,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">D. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. To root the tree we used as outgroups 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD311F2FAA3FACA8010" authority="King" authorityName="King" box="[928,1333,1328,1354]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Pygarrhichas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albogularis">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD311F2FAA3FB248013" box="[928,1243,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Pygarrhichas albogularis</emphasis>
(King)
</taxonomicName>
(Whitethroated Treerunner, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD313CCFAC6FDCB8035" box="[414,564,1365,1391]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Furnariidae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31018FAC6FBB38035" authority="Salvin &amp; Godman" authorityName="Salvin &amp; Godman" box="[586,1100,1365,1391]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Myrmothera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31018FAC6FCB38034" box="[586,844,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Myrmothera simplex</emphasis>
(Salvin &amp; Godman)
</taxonomicName>
(Brown-breasted Antpitta, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD312C5FAE9FEDA80CE" box="[151,293,1402,1428]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Grallariidae</taxonomicName>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31337FAE8FD4580CE" authority="Boddaert" authorityName="Boddaert" box="[357,698,1402,1428]" class="Aves" family="Formicariidae" genus="Formicarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colma">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31337FAE8FDB980CE" box="[357,582,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">Formicarius colma</emphasis>
Boddaert
</taxonomicName>
(Rufous-capped Antthrush, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161FFFD31655FAE9FB4D80CE" box="[1031,1202,1402,1428]" class="Aves" family="Formicariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Formicariidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD31296FA33FF288250" blockId="1.[151,1437,357,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
Total DNA was extracted from 
<quantity id="3763F9E0161FFFD31014FA33FD6C80E0" box="[582,659,1440,1466]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="45" unit="mg" value="25.0">25 mg</quantity>
of pectoral muscle using the Qiagen DNeasy kit, following the manufacturer's protocol. Following methods described in 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD31116FA56FBC08085" box="[836,1087,1477,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" refString="Chesser, R. T., Barker, F. K. &amp; Brumfield, R. T. (2007) Four-fold polyphyly of the genus formerly known as Upucerthia, with notes on the systematics and evolution of the avian subfamily Furnariinae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44, 1320 - 1332." type="journal article">
Chesser 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD311FBFA56FC1A8084" box="[937,997,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
(2007)
</bibRefCitation>
, we amplified and sequenced the mitochondrial genes ND3 and CO2 and the autosomal nuclear intron BF7. To amplify CO2, we used two primers newly designed for furnariids, NF3 (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD310E1F983FC7B8370" author="Sanin" box="[691,900,1552,1578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Sanin, C., Cadena, C. D., Maley, J. M., Lijtmaer, D. A., Tubaro, P. L. &amp; Chesser, R. T. (2009) Paraphyly of Cinclodes fuscus (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae): implications for taxonomy and biogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 53, 547 - 555." type="journal article" year="2009">
Sanín 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD31153F983FCC98373" box="[769,822,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
) and SCTRCOII (Claramunt 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD316BAF983FAE28373" box="[1256,1309,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. in press). Following the same methods, we amplified and sequenced an additional mitochondrial gene (ND2) for at least one individual per species using the primers H6313 (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD3115EF9C9FBB6832E" author="Johnson" box="[780,1097,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Johnson, K. P. &amp; Sorenson, M. D. (1998) Comparing molecular evolution in two mitochondrial protein coding genes (cytochrome b and ND 2) in the dabbling ducks (tribe: Anatini). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10, 82 - 94." type="journal article" year="1998">Johnson &amp; Sorenson 1998</bibRefCitation>
) and L5215 (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD316BBF9C9FA6F832E" author="Hackett" box="[1257,1424,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" refString="Hackett, S. J. (1996) Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of tanagers in the genus Ramphocelus (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 5, 368 - 382." type="journal article" year="1996">Hackett 1996</bibRefCitation>
). For at least one individual per genus, two additional nuclear protein-coding genes (RAG1 and RAG2) were used; all sequences of these genes were taken from 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD3117AF936FBDC83E5" box="[808,1059,1701,1727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Moyle, R. G., Chesser, R. T., Brumfield, R., Tello, J., Marchese, D. &amp; Cracraft, J. (2009) Phylogeny and phylogenetic classification of the antbirds, ovenbirds, woodcreepers, and allies (Aves: Passeriformes: Infraorder Furnariides). Cladistics, 25, 386 - 405." type="journal article">
Moyle 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD311D0F936FC3C83E4" box="[898,963,1701,1726]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
. Following alignment and the exclusion of unique inserts from the BF7 sequences, the six-gene concatenated dataset consisted of 6,990 base pairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161FFFD01296F886FDA484ED" blockId="1.[151,1437,357,2026]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,439]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">
In model-based phylogenetic inference, there is a trade-off between capturing the complexity of the nucleotide substitution process and the risk of over-parameterizing the models (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD3163BF8A9FA67820E" author="Posada" box="[1129,1432,1850,1876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Posada, D. &amp; Buckley, R. T. (2004) Model selection and model averaging in phylogenetics: advantages of the AIC and Bayesian approaches over likelihood ratio tests. Systematic Biology, 3, 793 - 740." type="journal volume" year="2004">Posada &amp; Buckley 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD312C5F8F3FE538220" author="Sullivan" box="[151,428,1888,1914]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="Sullivan, J, &amp; Joyce, P. (2005) Model selection in phylogenetics. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 36, 445 - 466." type="journal article" year="2005">Sullivan &amp; Joyce 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161FFFD313EBF8F3FD4D8220" author="McGuire" box="[441,690,1888,1914]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" refString="McGuire, J. A., Witt, C. C., Altshuler, D. L. &amp; Remsen, J. V. (2007) Phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of hummingbirds: Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of partitioned data and selection of an appropriate partitioning strategy. Systematic Biology, 56, 837 - 856." type="journal article" year="2007">
McGuire 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161FFFD3107EF8F3FD9E8223" box="[556,609,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
</bibRefCitation>
). To determine the optimal number of partitions, we tested six different partitioning regimes, ranging from unpartitioned to a maximum of sixteen different partitions (a different model for each codon position of each coding gene and the nuclear intron). Partitioned datasets were examined by performing maximum likelihood (ML) analyses using RAxML 7.0.4 on the Cipres Portal V 1.5 (www.phylo.org/sub_sections/portal/). RAxML implements the GTR+Γ model of nucleotide substitution (with or without invariants). Using the resultant likelihoods we calculated values of the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC, 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161CFFD01332FF71FD7F85A6" author="Sullivan" box="[352,640,226,252]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" refString="Sullivan, J, &amp; Joyce, P. (2005) Model selection in phylogenetics. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 36, 445 - 466." type="journal article" year="2005">Sullivan &amp; Joyce 2005</bibRefCitation>
) for each partitioning regime. We also investigated whether the addition of a proportion of invariant sites improved the model. We identified the GTR+ Γ+I model and a fully partitioned dataset (16 partitions) as the best model and partitioning regime. We then used RAxML to evaluate nodal support in the resulting maximum-likelihood tree by performing 1000 bootstrap replicates (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161CFFD0174BFEC1FEE684C8" author="Stamatakis" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" refString="Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P. &amp; Rougemont, J. (2008) A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers. Systematic Biology, 75, 758 - 771." type="journal article" year="2008">
Stamatakis 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012C5FEEBFF3484CB" box="[151,203,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). The analysis resulted in a single maximum-likelihood tree (log 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD01644FEEBFBD984CB" box="[1046,1062,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">L</emphasis>
= 20923.4) with high bootstrap support for most relationships (
<figureCitation id="68A04880161CFFD01057FE0EFDB584ED" box="[517,586,413,439]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,718,1673]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[253,1334,702,1695]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A maximum-likelihood phylogeny of the Dendrocolaptidae that highlights the lack of a sister relationship between Certhiasomus and Deconychura. Numbers above the branches indicate bootstrap support based on 1000 maximum-likelihood replicates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293913/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A4E4048D161CFFD012C5FE7AFD1B875A" ID-Table-UUID="A4E4048D161CFFD012C5FE7AFD1B875A" box="[151,740,489,513]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A4E4048D161CFFD012C5FE7AFD1B875A" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" targetBox="[167,1417,549,1876]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="F0245405161CFFD012C5FE7AFD1B875A" blockId="2.[151,740,489,513]" box="[151,740,489,513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012C5FE7AFEF7875B" bold="true" box="[151,264,489,513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Tissue samples used in the genetic analysis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F0245405161CFFD012F5FDB6FBFF820E" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<table id="829BA6A5161C002D12F5FDB6FA76820E" box="[167,1417,549,1876]" gridcols="4" gridrows="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FDB6FA768760" box="[167,1417,549,570]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FDB6FE1E8760" box="[167,481,549,570]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Taxon</th>
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FDB6FD788760" box="[550,647,549,570]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Museum</th>
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFDB6FCDD8760" box="[687,802,549,570]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Sample ID</th>
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FDB6FA768760" box="[837,1417,549,570]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Locality</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FDCEFA768728" box="[167,1417,605,626]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FDCEFE1E8728" box="[167,481,605,626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FDCEFE248728" box="[167,475,605,626]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="longicauda" subSpecies="typica">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FDCEFE248728" box="[167,475,605,626]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Deconychura longicauda typica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FDCEFD788728" box="[550,647,605,626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFDCEFCDD8728" box="[687,802,605,626]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B26585</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FDCEFA768728" box="[837,1417,605,626]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PANAMA: prov. Colón; Río Agua Salud.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FD06FA7687F0" box="[167,1417,661,682]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FD06FE1E87F0" box="[167,481,661,682]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FD06FE5B87F0" box="[167,420,661,682]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="longicauda" subSpecies="darienensis">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FD06FE5B87F0" box="[167,420,661,682]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">D. longicauda darienensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FD06FD7887F0" box="[550,647,661,682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFD06FCDD87F0" box="[687,802,661,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B2084</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FD06FA7687F0" box="[837,1417,661,682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PANAMA: prov. Darién; Cana.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FD5EFA7687B8" box="[167,1417,717,738]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FD5EFE1E87B8" box="[167,481,717,738]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FD5EFE8587B8" box="[167,378,717,738]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="longicauda" subSpecies="pallida">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FD5EFE8587B8" box="[167,378,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">D. longicauda pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FD5EFD7887B8" box="[550,647,717,738]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFD5EFCDD87B8" box="[687,802,717,738]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B905</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FD5EFA7687B8" box="[837,1417,717,738]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">BOLIVIA: depto. Pando; Río Beni, 600 m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FC96FA768640" box="[167,1417,773,794]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FC96FE1E8640" box="[167,481,773,794]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FC96FE858640" box="[167,378,773,794]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="longicauda" subSpecies="pallida">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FC96FE858640" box="[167,378,773,794]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">D. longicauda pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FC96FD788640" box="[550,647,773,794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFC96FCDD8640" box="[687,802,773,794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B4753</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FC96FA768640" box="[837,1417,773,794]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PERU: depto. Loreto; S Río Amazonas, 100 m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FCAEFA768608" box="[167,1417,829,850]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FCAEFE1E8608" box="[167,481,829,850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FCAEFECF8608" box="[167,304,829,850]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FCAEFECF8608" box="[167,304,829,850]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">D. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(subsp. uncertain)
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FCAEFD788608" box="[550,647,829,850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFCAEFCDD8608" box="[687,802,829,850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B27966</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FCAEFA768608" box="[837,1417,829,850]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PERU: depto. Loreto; Contamana, 1450 m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FCE6FA7686FD" box="[167,1417,885,935]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FCE6FE1E86FD" box="[167,481,885,935]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FCE6FEE086FD" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FCE6FEE086FD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Certhiasomus stictolaemus stictolaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FCE6FD7886FD" box="[550,647,885,935]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">MPEG</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFCE6FCDD86FD" box="[687,802,885,935]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">57571</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FCE6FA7686FD" box="[837,1417,885,935]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manicor, Rodovia do Estanho, km 126.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FC53FA7686A9" box="[167,1417,960,1011]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FC53FE1E86A9" box="[167,481,960,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FC52FE46868C" box="[167,441,961,982]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="stictolaemus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FC52FE46868C" box="[167,441,961,982]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">C. stictolaemus stictolaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FC53FD7886A9" box="[550,647,960,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">MPEG</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFC53FCDD86A9" box="[687,802,960,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">58684</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FC53FA7686A9" box="[837,1417,960,1011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">BRAZIL: Amazonas; Município de Humait, T. Indígena Parintintin, Aldeia Traira-Choror.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FB9FFA76817B" box="[167,1417,1036,1057]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FB9FFE1E817B" box="[167,481,1036,1057]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FB9FFE67817B" box="[167,408,1036,1057]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="secundus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FB9FFE67817B" box="[167,408,1036,1057]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">C. stictolaemus secundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FB9FFD78817B" box="[550,647,1036,1057]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFB9FFCDD817B" box="[687,802,1036,1057]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B27420</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FB9FFA76817B" box="[837,1417,1036,1057]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PERU: depto. Loreto; Contamana, 200 m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FBD7FA768103" box="[167,1417,1092,1113]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FBD7FE1E8103" box="[167,481,1092,1113]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FBD7FE678103" box="[167,408,1092,1113]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="secundus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FBD7FE678103" box="[167,408,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">C. stictolaemus secundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FBD7FD788103" box="[550,647,1092,1113]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFBD7FCDD8103" box="[687,802,1092,1113]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B2532</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FBD7FA768103" box="[837,1417,1092,1113]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PERU: depto. Loreto; N Río Napo, 350 m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FBEFFA7681CB" box="[167,1417,1148,1169]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FBEFFE1E81CB" box="[167,481,1148,1169]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FBEFFE7B81CB" box="[167,388,1148,1169]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="clarior">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FBEFFE7B81CB" box="[167,388,1148,1169]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">C. stictolaemus clarior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FBEFFD7881CB" box="[550,647,1148,1169]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">MPEG</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFBEFFCDD81CB" box="[687,802,1148,1169]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">65378</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FBEFFA7681CB" box="[837,1417,1148,1169]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">BRAZIL: Pará; Alenquer, ESEC Grão-Par.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FB27FA7681BC" box="[167,1417,1204,1254]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FB27FE1E81BC" box="[167,481,1204,1254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FB27FE7B8193" box="[167,388,1204,1225]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="stictolaemus" subSpecies="clarior">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FB27FE7B8193" box="[167,388,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">C. stictolaemus clarior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FB27FD7881BC" box="[550,647,1204,1254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">MPEG</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFB27FCDD81BC" box="[687,802,1204,1254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">A07970</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FB27FA7681BC" box="[837,1417,1204,1254]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">BRAZIL: Pará; Município de Almerim, Monte Dourado, Reserva de Pacanari.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FB6CFA76804F" box="[167,1417,1279,1301]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FB6CFE1E804F" box="[167,481,1279,1301]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FA93FE68804F" box="[167,407,1280,1301]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseicapillus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FA93FE68804F" box="[167,407,1280,1301]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Sittasomus griseicapillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FB6CFD78804F" box="[550,647,1279,1301]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">AMNH</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFB6CFCDD804F" box="[687,802,1279,1301]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">DOT 8415</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FB6CFA76804F" box="[837,1417,1279,1301]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">MEXICO: Hidalgo; Molango.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FAA4FA768030" box="[167,1417,1335,1386]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FAA4FE1E8030" box="[167,481,1335,1386]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FAABFE8A8017" box="[167,373,1336,1357]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="turdina">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FAABFE8A8017" box="[167,373,1336,1357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Dendrocincla turdina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FAA4FD788030" box="[550,647,1335,1386]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFAA4FCDD8030" box="[687,802,1335,1386]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B250</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FAA4FA768030" box="[837,1417,1335,1386]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PARAGUAY: depto. Caazap; Cor. de Caaguaz, 7.5 km E. San Carlos, 250m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FA10FA7680EF" box="[167,1417,1411,1461]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FA10FE1E80EF" box="[167,481,1411,1461]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FA17FE7080C3" box="[167,399,1412,1433]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Glyphorynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spirurus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FA17FE7080C3" box="[167,399,1412,1433]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Glyphorynchus spirurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FA10FD7880EF" box="[550,647,1411,1461]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">AMNH</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFA10FCDD80EF" box="[687,802,1411,1461]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">DOT 4274</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FA10FA7680EF" box="[837,1417,1411,1461]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">VENEZUELA: Amazonas; Sierra de Tapirapeco, Cerro Tamacuari, 1270m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5FA5CFA7680BE" box="[167,1417,1487,1508]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5FA5CFE1E80BE" box="[167,481,1487,1508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5FA5CFE9580BE" box="[167,362,1487,1508]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Drymornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bridgesii">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5FA5CFE9580BE" box="[167,362,1487,1508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Drymornis bridgesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074FA5CFD7880BE" box="[550,647,1487,1508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">LSUMNS</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDFA5CFCDD80BE" box="[687,802,1487,1508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">B25799</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117FA5CFA7680BE" box="[837,1417,1487,1508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">PARAGUAY: depto. Alto Paraguay; Madrejón, 200m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5F994FA768363" box="[167,1417,1543,1593]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5F994FE1E8363" box="[167,481,1543,1593]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5F994FEAF8346" box="[167,336,1543,1564]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendroplex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5F994FEAF8346" box="[167,336,1543,1564]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Dendroplex picus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074F994FD788363" box="[550,647,1543,1593]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">FMNH</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDF994FCDD8363" box="[687,802,1543,1593]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">334433</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117F994FA768363" box="[837,1417,1543,1593]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">BOLIVIA: depto. El Beni; Laguna Suarez, 5km SW Trinidad, 230m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5F9C1FA7683DF" box="[167,1417,1618,1669]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5F9C1FE1E83DF" box="[167,481,1618,1669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5F9C0FE578332" box="[167,424,1619,1640]" class="Aves" family="Formicariidae" genus="Lepidocoplates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacrymiger">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5F9C0FE578332" box="[167,424,1619,1640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Lepidocoplates lacrymiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074F9C1FD7883DF" box="[550,647,1618,1669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">AMNH</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDF9C1FCDD83DF" box="[687,802,1618,1669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">DOT 7051</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117F9C1FA7683DF" box="[837,1417,1618,1669]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">BOLIVIA: depto. La Paz; Parque Nacional Apolobamba, 2600m.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5F90DFA7683E9" box="[167,1417,1694,1715]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5F90DFE1E83E9" box="[167,481,1694,1715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5F90DFE6183E9" box="[167,414,1694,1715]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Pygarrhichas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albogularis">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5F90DFE6183E9" box="[167,414,1694,1715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Pygarrhichas albogularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074F90DFD7883E9" box="[550,647,1694,1715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">AMNH</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDF90DFCDD83E9" box="[687,802,1694,1715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">DOT 9930</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117F90DFA7683E9" box="[837,1417,1694,1715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">ARGENTINA: depto. Bariloche; Río Negro.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5F945FA768252" box="[167,1417,1750,1800]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5F945FE1E8252" box="[167,481,1750,1800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5F945FEA083B1" box="[167,351,1750,1771]" class="Aves" family="Formicariidae" genus="Formicarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colma">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5F945FEA083B1" box="[167,351,1750,1771]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Formicarius colma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074F945FD788252" box="[550,647,1750,1800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">AMNH</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDF945FCDD8252" box="[687,802,1750,1800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">DOT 12722</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117F945FA768252" box="[837,1417,1750,1800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">VENEZUELA: Amazonas; Cerro de la Neblina Base Camp, Río Baria.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4EAB5647161C002D12F5F8B1FA76820E" box="[167,1417,1826,1876]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<th id="0D7A3F3B161C002D12F5F8B1FE1E820E" box="[167,481,1826,1876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161CFFD012F5F8B1FE91826D" box="[167,366,1826,1847]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Myrmothera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161CFFD012F5F8B1FE91826D" box="[167,366,1826,1847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Myrmothera simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1074F8B1FD78820E" box="[550,647,1826,1876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">AMNH</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D10FDF8B1FCDD820E" box="[687,802,1826,1876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">DOT 4270</td>
<td id="0D7A3F3B161C002D1117F8B1FA76820E" box="[837,1417,1826,1876]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">VENEZUELA: Amazonas; Sierra de Tapirapeco, Cerro Tamacuari, 1270m.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161CFFD012C5F8E6FEE4829F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1909,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">
Tissue collections: LSUMNS—Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, Baton Rouge; AMNH—American Museum of Natural History, New York City; FMNH—Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago; MPEG—Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, 
<collectingCountry id="888C1495161CFFD012B3F823FEE4829F" box="[225,283,1968,1989]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="46">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161DFFD11296FF0BFE6C87CD" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,663]" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">
<collectingCountry id="888C1495161DFFD11296FF0BFF1985E8" box="[196,230,152,178]" name="American Samoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">As</collectingCountry>
a second method of phylogenetic inference, we performed a Bayesian analysis as implemented in MRBAYES Ve r. 3.0 β3 (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161DFFD113E7FF2EFCCD858D" author="Huelsenbeck" box="[437,818,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" refString="Huelsenbeck, J. P. &amp; Ronquist, F. (2001) Bayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Bioinformatics, 17, 754 - 755." type="journal article" year="2001">Huelsenbeck &amp; Ronquist 2001</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161DFFD1116DFF2EFBD8858D" author="Altekar" box="[831,1063,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="49" refString="Altekar, G., Dwarkadas, S., Huelsenbeck, J. P. &amp; Ronquist, F. (2004) Parallel metropolis coupled Markov chain Monte Carlo for Bayesian phylogenetic inference. Bioinformatics, 20, 407 - 415." type="journal article" year="2004">Altekar et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
) on the Cornell cluster (http:// cbsuapps.tc.cornell.edu/mrbayes.aspx). We used the same partitioning strategy as in the likelihood analysis, but again used model selection to determine the best substitution model for each partition. For each partition, using the tree obtained in the maximum-likelihood analysis, we used PAUP (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161DFFD1160FFEBEFAE3841D" author="Swofford" box="[1117,1308,301,327]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" refString="Swofford, D. L. 2003. PAUP *. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland." type="book chapter" year="2003">Swofford 2003</bibRefCitation>
) to obtain likelihood values for all substitution models featured in Modeltest 3.7 (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161DFFD111A5FEC1FADB8436" author="Posada" box="[1015,1316,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" refString="Posada, D. &amp; Crandall, K. A. (1998) Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14: 817 - 818." type="journal article" year="1998">Posada &amp; Crandall 1998</bibRefCitation>
) and then calculated values of the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC, 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161DFFD111D7FEEBFB3F84C8" author="Posada" box="[901,1216,376,402]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" refString="Posada, D. &amp; Buckley, R. T. (2004) Model selection and model averaging in phylogenetics: advantages of the AIC and Bayesian approaches over likelihood ratio tests. Systematic Biology, 3, 793 - 740." type="journal volume" year="2004">Posada and Buckley 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161DFFD1169FFEEBFF2C84ED" author="Sullivan" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" refString="Sullivan, J, &amp; Joyce, P. (2005) Model selection in phylogenetics. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 36, 445 - 466." type="journal article" year="2005">Sullivan &amp; Joyce 2005</bibRefCitation>
) for each. BIC identified the GTR+Γ+I model as the best model for the majority of the partitions, and the HKY+Γ+I model as the best model for the first and second codon positions of RAG 1 and all three codon positions of RAG 2. The Bayesian posterior probability density was estimated by Metropolis-coupled Markov chain Monte Carlo, with four incrementally heated chains run for 25 million generations (sampled every 2500). All chains reached stationarity, and all parameters had good ESS values (&gt;200). The analysis resulted in a topology almost identical to the best maximum-likelihood tree with high posterior support for most relationships (
<figureCitation id="68A04880161DFFD1136EFDEEFE7A87CD" box="[316,389,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,260,1531,1555]" captionTargetBox="[293,1297,534,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[273,1314,523,1508]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Majority-rule Bayesian consensus tree of the Dendrocolaptidae that highlights the lack of a sister relationship between Certhiasomus and Deconychura. Numbers above the branches indicate posterior probability values." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293914/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A4E4048D161DFFD112C5F925FE138254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[261,1327,718,1673]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="F0245405161DFFD112C5F925FE138254" blockId="3.[151,1437,1718,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD112C5F925FEE58394" bold="true" box="[151,282,1718,1742]" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
A maximum-likelihood phylogeny of the 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD110B4F924FC5A8394" box="[742,933,1719,1742]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dendrocolaptidae</taxonomicName>
that highlights the lack of a sister relationship between 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD112AEF944FE6783B4" box="[252,408,1751,1774]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD112AEF944FE6783B4" box="[252,408,1751,1774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD11383F944FD9783B4" box="[465,616,1751,1774]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD11383F944FD9783B4" box="[465,616,1751,1774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Numbers above the branches indicate bootstrap support based on 1000 maximum-likelihood replicates.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F0245405161DFFD11296F8AFFEA182B6" blockId="3.[151,1436,1852,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">
In both analyses, all individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD11020F8AFFCDF820F" box="[626,800,1852,1877]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD11020F8AFFCDF820F" box="[626,800,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">D. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD111F9F8AFFBCC820F" box="[939,1075,1852,1877]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="longicauda" subSpecies="typica">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD111F9F8AFFBCC820F" box="[939,1075,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">D. l. typica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, formed a strongly supported clade (bootstrap support = 100%, posterior probability = 1.0) that was sister to 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD1166EF8F1FB448221" box="[1084,1211,1890,1915]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD1166EF8F1FB448221" box="[1084,1211,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD116A6F8F1FA6B8221" box="[1268,1428,1890,1915]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD116A6F8F1FA6B8221" box="[1268,1428,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Dendrocincla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The (
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD11287F814FD4882FA" box="[213,695,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD11287F814FE8082FA" box="[213,383,1927,1952]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">D. longicauda</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD113D8F814FDF382FA" box="[394,524,1927,1952]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sittasomus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD11045F814FD4882FA" box="[535,695,1927,1952]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dendrocincla</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) clade was sister to 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD111F3F814FBBB82FA" box="[929,1092,1927,1952]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD111F3F814FBBB82FA" box="[929,1092,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 100% bootstrap support and a posterior probability of 1.0. These results clearly demonstrate that 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD111ABF83FFB62829F" box="[1017,1181,1964,1989]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD111ABF83FFB62829F" box="[1017,1181,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161DFFD11685F83FFA89829F" box="[1239,1398,1964,1989]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161DFFD11685F83FFA89829F" box="[1239,1398,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="47">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
do not form a clade.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161AFFD61294FF04FC218486" blockId="4.[151,1438,151,476]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD61294FF04FE2485EB" bold="true" box="[198,475,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Phenotypic analyses.</emphasis>
Although phenotypic differences among 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD61649FF0BFB6585EB" box="[1051,1178,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD61649FF0BFB6585EB" box="[1051,1178,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD616E9FF0BFAA685EB" box="[1211,1369,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD616E9FF0BFAA685EB" box="[1211,1369,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD612C5FF2EFEB6858C" box="[151,329,189,214]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD612C5FF2EFEB6858C" box="[151,329,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be considered slight and not of generic significance (see diagnosis), the genus 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD612C5FF71FEC385A1" box="[151,316,226,251]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD612C5FF71FEC385A1" box="[151,316,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Dendrocincla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by several unique characters, including the structure of their rectrices, myological synapomorphies (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD613A3FE9BFD6B8478" author="Raikow" box="[497,660,264,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" refString="Raikow, R. J. (1994) A phylogeny of the woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae). The Auk, 111, 104 - 114." type="journal article" year="1994">Raikow 1994</bibRefCitation>
), and foraging behavior atypical of dendrocolaptids (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD616ACFE9BFA688478" author="Skutch" box="[1278,1431,264,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" refString="Skutch, A. F. (1969) Life histories of Central American birds. III. Pacific Coast Avifauna 35." type="book chapter" year="1969">Skutch 1969</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD612C5FEBEFED7841D" author="Willis" box="[151,296,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" refString="Willis, E. O. (1972) The behavior of the plain-brown woodcreepers, Dendrocincla fuliginosa. Wilson Bulletin, 84, 377 - 420." type="journal article" year="1972">Willis 1972</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD61364FEBEFDD4841D" author="Marantz" box="[310,555,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" refString="Marantz, C. A., Aleixo, A., Bevier, L. R. &amp; Patten, M. A. (2003) Family Dendrocolaptidae (Woodcreepers). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. &amp; Christie, D. A. (Eds), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 8: Broadbills to Tapaculos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 358 - 447." type="journal article" year="2003">
Marantz 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD613F1FEBEFE26841C" box="[419,473,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
. 2003
</bibRefCitation>
). Therefore, uniting all these genera in a single genus (the alternative to describing a new genus) would result in a taxon that is excessively heterogeneous relative to taxa of similar rank in the 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD61372FEEBFE0784C8" box="[288,504,376,402]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dendrocolaptidae</taxonomicName>
. Traditionally, problems like this have been treated subjectively in taxonomic work. Here, we have approached the problem of taxon heterogeneity using a quantitative approach by means of a morphometric analysis of total variance (Claramunt 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD61162FE51FC9B8481" box="[816,868,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
. in press).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A4E4048D161AFFD612C5FA68FA628369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293914/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" targetBox="[293,1297,534,1489]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="F0245405161AFFD612C5FA68FA628369" blockId="4.[151,1437,1531,1587]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD612C5FA68FEDC8349" bold="true" box="[151,291,1531,1555]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Majority-rule Bayesian consensus tree of the 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD6116DFA6FFBF38349" box="[831,1036,1532,1555]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dendrocolaptidae</taxonomicName>
that highlights the lack of a sister relationship between 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD61328F98FFDF18369" box="[378,526,1564,1587]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD61328F98FFDF18369" box="[378,526,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD61013F98FFD2E8369" box="[577,721,1564,1587]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD61013F98FFD2E8369" box="[577,721,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Numbers above the branches indicate posterior probability values.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F0245405161AFFD61296F9F2FC2682FC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1633,2033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
The following measurements were taken for at least three museum specimens of each of the 50 currently recognized species of 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161AFFD613F3F914FD8683FB" box="[417,633,1671,1697]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dendrocolaptidae</taxonomicName>
: wing length to the longest primary, wing length to the tenth (most distal) primary, wing length to the first secondary feather, tail maximum (to the longest rectrix) and minimum (to the shortest rectrix) length, width of the innermost rectrix, bill length from naris, bill width and depth at the anterior edge of naris, tarsus length, and hallux length with claw (for further details, see Claramunt 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161AFFD61712F964FA8A824A" box="[1344,1397,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
. in press). Variables were log-transformed (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD61025F88FFCC5826C" author="Gingerich" box="[631,826,1820,1846]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" refString="Gingerich, P. D. (2000) Arithmetic or geometric normality of biological variation: An empirical test of theory. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 204, 201 - 221." type="journal article" year="2000">Gingerich 2000</bibRefCitation>
). To separate the effect of body size from size-free shape variation, we used Mosimann's approach (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD61088F8D2FC5D8201" author="Mosimann" box="[730,930,1857,1883]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" refString="Mosimann, J. E. (1970) Size allometry: Size and shape variables with characterizations of the lognormal and generalized gamma distributions. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 65, 930 - 945." type="journal article" year="1970">Mosimann 1970</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD611FDF8D2FB198201" author="Mosimann" box="[943,1254,1857,1883]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" refString="Mosimann, J. E. &amp; James, F. C. (1979) New statistical methods for allometry with application to Florida red-winged blackbirds. Evolution, 33, 444 - 459." type="journal article" year="1979">Mosimann &amp; James 1979</bibRefCitation>
). We estimated the isometric size of each species as the mean of the log-transformed variables. We then calculated size-free variables by subtracting the log(size) of the species from each variable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161AFFD71296F822FDA48436" blockId="4.[151,1436,1633,2033]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,152,364]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
Morphometric heterogeneity was quantified as the total variance (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161AFFD61191F822FB7D8291" author="Van" box="[963,1154,1969,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" refString="Van Valen, L. (1974) Multivariate structural statistics in natural history. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 45, 235 - 247." type="journal article" year="1974">Van Valen 1974</bibRefCitation>
). We computed the total variance for all non-monotypic dendrocolaptid genera plus a hypothetical genus encompassing species of 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712C5FF0BFEC685EB" box="[151,313,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712C5FF0BFEC685EB" box="[151,313,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Dendrocincla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD7131BFF0BFE3585EB" box="[329,458,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD7131BFF0BFE3585EB" box="[329,458,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD71388FF0BFD8585EB" box="[474,634,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD71388FF0BFD8585EB" box="[474,634,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD710EEFF0BFC9E85EB" box="[700,865,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD710EEFF0BFC9E85EB" box="[700,865,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We also estimated the separate contribution of size and shape to the total variance (
<bibRefCitation id="940A29F4161BFFD71069FF2EFC7B858D" author="Darroch" box="[571,900,189,215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Darroch, J. N. &amp; Mosimann, J. E. (1985) Canonical and principal components of shape. Biometrika, 72, 241 - 252." type="journal article" year="1985">Darroch &amp; Mosimann 1985</bibRefCitation>
). Comparison of size and shape heterogeneity indicated that the morphometric variance of the hypothetical, more inclusive genus is more than twice that of the next most heterogeneous dendrocolaptid genus (Table 2). These data support our decision to create a new genus (
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712A3FEBEFE65841C" box="[241,410,301,326]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Certhiasomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712A3FEBEFE65841C" box="[241,410,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Certhiasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) rather than create an extremely heterogeneous genus by combining 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD716BCFEBEFA6B841C" box="[1262,1428,301,326]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD716BCFEBEFA6B841C" box="[1262,1428,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Dendrocincla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712C5FEC1FEE98431" box="[151,278,338,363]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712C5FEC1FEE98431" box="[151,278,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD7131DFEC1FE128431" box="[335,493,338,363]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD7131DFEC1FE128431" box="[335,493,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into one.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161BFFD712C5FE0FFCBC84EE" blockId="5.[151,1356,412,876]" box="[151,835,412,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712C5FE0FFEF084EE" bold="true" box="[151,271,412,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">TABLE. 2.</emphasis>
Results of the morphometric heterogeneity analysis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161BFFD712CDFE43FB1C8636" blockId="5.[151,1356,412,876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">
Taxon Total Variance Size variance Shape Variance 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFE6EFECE874E" box="[159,305,509,532]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFE6EFECE874E" box="[159,305,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Dendrocincla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+ 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD7131FFE6EFE23874E" box="[333,476,509,532]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD7131FFE6EFE23874E" box="[333,476,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Deconychura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1 + 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD71052FE6EFD8B874E" box="[512,628,509,532]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Sittasomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD71052FE6EFD8B874E" box="[512,628,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Sittasomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.379 0.302 0.077 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFDBBFECE8765" box="[159,305,552,575]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocincla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFDBBFECE8765" box="[159,305,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Dendrocincla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.170 0.138 0.033 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFDC1FEBF8733" box="[159,320,594,617]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Xiphorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFDC1FEBF8733" box="[159,320,594,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Xiphorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.169 0.140 0.030 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFD13FE9687CD" box="[159,361,640,663]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Campylorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFD13FE9687CD" box="[159,361,640,663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Campylorhamphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2 0.064 0.028 0.036 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFD39FEBD879B" box="[159,322,682,705]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Lepidocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFD39FEBD879B" box="[159,322,682,705]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Lepidocolaptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.061 0.034 0.027 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFD46FEC787B6" box="[159,312,725,748]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Xiphocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFD46FEC787B6" box="[159,312,725,748]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Xiphocolaptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.045 0.026 0.020 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFC93FEB7864D" box="[159,328,768,791]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendrocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFC93FEB7864D" box="[159,328,768,791]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Dendrocolaptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.030 0.010 0.020 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFCB9FED9861B" box="[159,294,810,833]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Hylexetastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFCB9FED9861B" box="[159,294,810,833]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Hylexetastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.021 0.005 0.016 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD712CDFCC6FEE38636" box="[159,284,853,876]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Dendroplex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD712CDFCC6FEE38636" box="[159,284,853,876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">Dendroplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
0.021 0.012 0.009
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0245405161BFFD712C5FC1EFD418693" blockId="5.[151,702,909,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">
1including both 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD7136DFC03FE2786FD" box="[319,472,912,935]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD7136DFC03FE2786FD" box="[319,472,912,935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">D. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD7105EFC03FD5886FD" box="[524,679,912,935]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Deconychura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stictolaema">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD7105EFC03FD5886FD" box="[524,679,912,935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">D. stictolaema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 2excluding 
<taxonomicName id="379B2F86161BFFD7135CFC21FE668693" box="[270,409,946,969]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Campylorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pucherani">
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD7135CFC21FE668693" box="[270,409,946,969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">C. pucherani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Claramunt 
<emphasis id="C2EF8817161BFFD71072FC21FDA98693" box="[544,598,946,969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
in press).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>