treatments-xml/data/65/41/87/654187B30874FF85FD0FFB7D3CED4B6F.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5925168" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab3bab2b-6bf0-4368-bb95-fb1fe0b900e2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157062886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5925168" checkinTime="1557204787171" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dimitrova, Yana D., Georgiev, Boyko B., Mariaux, Jean &amp; Vasileva, Gergana P." docDate="2019" docId="654187B30874FF85FD0FFB7D3CED4B6F" docLanguage="en" docName="systematicParasitology.96.279-297.pdf" docOrigin="Syst Parasitol 96" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Passerilepis zimbebel Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Mariaux &amp; Vasileva 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="286" masterDocId="9978FFCB0875FF82FFF7FF9A38354A33" masterDocTitle="Two new cestode species of the family Hymenolepididae Perrier, 1897 (Cyclophyllidea) from passerine birds in Ethiopia, with the erection of Citrilolepis n. g." masterLastPageNumber="297" masterPageNumber="279" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" updateTime="1643619356852" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Two new cestode species of the family Hymenolepididae Perrier, 1897 (Cyclophyllidea) from passerine birds in Ethiopia, with the erection of Citrilolepis n. g.</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dimitrova, Yana D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Georgiev, Boyko B.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mariaux, Jean</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vasileva, Gergana P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Syst Parasitol</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2019-02-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>96</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>279</mods:start>
<mods:end>297</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1007/s11230-019-09846-y</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">ab3bab2b-6bf0-4368-bb95-fb1fe0b900e2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">2669972</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5925168" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157062886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5925168" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:654187B30874FF85FD0FFB7D3CED4B6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/654187B30874FF85FD0FFB7D3CED4B6F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<subSubSection box="[760,1062,1255,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[760,1062,1255,1279]" box="[760,1062,1255,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<heading bold="true" box="[760,1062,1255,1279]" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[760,1062,1255,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<taxonomicName authority="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Mariaux &amp; Vasileva, 2019" authorityName="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Mariaux &amp; Vasileva" authorityYear="2019" box="[760,993,1255,1279]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zimbebel" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[760,993,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Passerilepis zimbebel</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1001,1062,1255,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="1.[760,1335,1322,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis box="[760,865,1322,1345]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Type-host</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[904,1137,1322,1345]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Terpsiphone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis box="[904,1137,1322,1345]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Terpsiphone viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lepage" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[1176,1332,1322,1345]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1854" box="[760,905,1355,1378]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Monarchidae</taxonomicName>
), African paradise flycatcher.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="281" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[760,1335,1322,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis box="[760,901,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Type-locality</emphasis>
: Wondo Genet (
<geoCoordinate box="[1125,1205,1387,1411]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" precision="555" value="7.08">7.08°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1232,1321,1387,1411]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" precision="555" value="38.63">38.63°E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<collectingCountry box="[760,854,1421,1444]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[760,1335,1322,1743]" lastBlockId="2.[125,700,159,448]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="281" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis box="[760,911,1455,1478]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Type-material</emphasis>
: A total of 
<specimenCount box="[1096,1256,1454,1477]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
(coll. 
<date box="[760,875,1488,1511]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" value="2012-11-23">23.xi.2012</date>
) and fragments of strobila (in total 21 slides. 
<typeStatus box="[837,941,1521,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Holotype</typeStatus>
: MHNG-PLAT- 
<date box="[1122,1201,1521,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" value="92-12-13">121392</date>
, a complete gravid specimen, stained and mounted in 
<collectingCountry box="[1254,1334,1554,1577]" name="Canada" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Canada</collectingCountry>
balsam. 
<typeStatus box="[848,956,1587,1610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: MHNG-PLAT- 
<date box="[1134,1211,1587,1610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" value="93-12-13">121393</date>
(in total 16 slides), 
<specimenCount box="[842,973,1620,1643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="280" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
and fragments of strobila, stained whole-mounts; one slide with a scolex mounted in Berlese’s medium; IBER-BAS-C0159.1.1–1.3 (3 slides), two specimens, stained whole-mounts; one scolex in Berlese’s medium. Hologenophore (
<typeStatus pageId="2" pageNumber="281">paratype</typeStatus>
): MHNG-PLAT- 
<date box="[364,443,192,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" value="94-12-13">121394</date>
, stained whole-mount.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="2.[125,700,159,448]" box="[125,428,226,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis box="[125,245,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Site in host</emphasis>
: Small intestine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[125,700,159,448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis box="[125,389,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Prevalence and intensity</emphasis>
: 14 individuals; in 1 out of 1 bird studied.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[125,700,159,448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis box="[125,465,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Representative DNA sequence</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis box="[488,525,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">cox</emphasis>
1 mtDNA, one sequence (GenBank: 
<accessionNumber box="[355,482,359,382]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/MK463854" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">MK463854</accessionNumber>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="2.[125,700,159,448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis box="[125,239,392,415]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Etymology</emphasis>
: The species name is after the Amharic name of the host, 
<emphasis box="[314,418,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">zimbe-bel</emphasis>
; it is a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="284" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[125,376,491,514]" box="[125,376,491,514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<heading box="[125,376,491,514]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" reason="1">
Description (
<figureCitation box="[265,340,491,514]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[354,367,491,514]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[125,700,558,1776]" lastBlockId="2.[760,1335,159,1776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
[Based on 
<specimenCount box="[239,389,558,581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
.] Body long, slender, ribbonshaped, when fully-developed with maximum length 
<quantity box="[125,241,624,647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" unit="mm" value="24.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="21.0">21–28 mm</quantity>
(26, n = 3); maximum width at pregravid proglottides, 446–641 (559, n = 14); width at gravid proglottides 366–624 (542, n = 18); width at mature proglottides 391–495 (424, n = 20). Strobila consisting of 191–228 (215, n = 3) proglottides: 95–102 (98, n = 3) juvenile; 33–41 (38, n = 3) premature; 17–24 (21, n = 3) mature; 32–47 (41, n = 3) postmature; 3–4 (3, n = 3) pregravid; 5–14 (10, n = 3) gravid. Fully developed strobila (before starting apolysis) may contain 3–5 (n = 3) sterile terminal proglottides. Scolex oval, with conically protruded anterior part; 96–148 (125, n = 14) long and 141–210 (180, n = 14) wide at middle of suckers (
<figureCitation box="[225,313,1023,1046]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Suckers oval, unarmed, directed antero-laterally, with moderately developed musculature; diameter of suckers 59–92 (78, n = 50). Rhynchus thin-walled, forming short, conical apical protrusion anterior to crown of rostellar hooks when rostellum invaginated. Rostellum sac-like, retractile, 119–145 (127, n = 11) long, 42–77 (60, n = 11) wide at middle, thick-walled, with muscular apical enlargement; intensely-stained glandular cells and retractor muscles present within its cavity. Rostellar sheath elliptical, thick-walled, passing beyond level of posterior margins of suckers, 121–162 (139, n = 10) long and 62–96 (78, n = 11) wide at middle; intensely-stained glandular cells present in its cavity, more densely distributed near bottom. Rostellar hooks 
<quantity box="[553,606,1488,1511]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
number, in single row; hooks diorchoid, with very long handle with tapering and slightly curved and flattened end, short sickle-shaped blade and well-developed guard, shorter that blade (
<figureCitation box="[328,414,1620,1643]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). Measurements of hooks: total length 37–38 (38, n = 10); length of blade 9–10 (9, n = 10); length of base 28–30 (29, n = 10); distance between tip of blade and tip of handle 9–11 (10, n = 10). Neck 77–119 (93, n = 10) wide. Proglottides with well-developed velum. Inner longitudinal muscle bundles numerous. Genital pores unilateral, dextral, opening at anterior half of lateral proglottis margin (
<figureCitation box="[768,890,259,282]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 1C, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[907,978,259,282]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">2A, B</figureCitation>
). Genital atrium surrounded by intensely stained glandular cells, funnel-shaped, thickwalled, 22–27 (24, n = 10) deep, 2–7 (4, n = 10) wide at base, 7–17 (13, n = 10) wide at orifice (
<figureCitation box="[1235,1321,359,382]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); atrium eversible in mature proglottides, sometimes forming short genital papilla. Genital ducts dorsal to dorsal and ventral poral osmoregulatory canals in majority of proglottides. In some proglottides, genital ducts passing between dorsal and ventral poral osmoregulatory canal; number of proglottides with genital ducts passing between osmoregulatory canals varying in different specimens between 1 and 13% of all proglottides with well-developed genital ducts (mean = 4%; n = 438). Dorsal canal 2–10 (5, n = 41) wide, ventral canal 7–25 (13, n = 37) wide (
<figureCitation box="[1235,1321,724,747]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); no transverse anastomoses of both dorsal and ventral canals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[760,1335,159,1776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
Strobila protandrous with gradual maturation. Testes 3, oval, with diameter 67–96 (83, n = 32), dorsal to female glands; situated in triangle, 2 antiporal and 1 poral to primordia of female gonads (
<figureCitation box="[768,897,956,979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 1C, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[922,958,956,979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">2A</figureCitation>
); their degeneration starting at postmature proglottides. External seminal vesicle elongate-oval, situated near to anterior proglottis margin, dorsal to female glands and antero-dorsal to seminal receptacle; connecting to cirrus-sac by distinct canal, 49–59 (53, n = 5) long and 7–17 (11, n = 11) wide in mature proglottides (
<figureCitation box="[1118,1204,1156,1179]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Cirrus-sac lemon-shaped, thin-walled, 91–136 (117, n = 37) long, 45–62 (52, n = 37) wide, slightly oblique to anterior proglottis margin, crossing poral osmoregulatory canals, never reaching midline of proglottis (
<figureCitation box="[1243,1329,1288,1311]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[760,773,1322,1345]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">2</figureCitation>
A–C). Ejaculatory duct surrounded by intenselystained cells. Internal seminal vesicle oval, occupying half of cirrus-sac when fully-developed, 49–94 (71, n = 41) long, 42–57 (47, n = 41) wide, surrounded by intensely stained glandular cells. Evaginated cirrus not available in material studied; armament in 
<emphasis box="[1212,1334,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">ductus cirri</emphasis>
not observed (
<figureCitation box="[913,999,1521,1544]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[760,1335,159,1776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
Ovary with maximum width 161–222 (186, n = 10), median, ventral to testes and genital ducts, consisting of 3 compact lobes with oval or irregular shape (
<figureCitation box="[768,855,1654,1677]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
). Vitellarium compact, sometimes with lobed margins, posterior and dorsal to ovary, ventral to testes and Mehlis’ gland; 62–106 (78, n = 15) wide, 32–57 (40, n = 15) long (
<figureCitation box="[963,1050,1753,1776]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
). Seminal receptacle thin-
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" startId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" targetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[125,1335,1682,1756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[125,180,1682,1702]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Fig. 1</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva, 2019" authorityName="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva" authorityYear="2019" box="[196,393,1683,1703]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zimbebel" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[196,393,1683,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Passerilepis zimbebel</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[401,451,1684,1703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. 
<emphasis box="[1016,1113,1709,1729]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Scale-bars</emphasis>
: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" startId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" targetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[125,1335,1711,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[125,180,1711,1731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Fig. 2</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva, 2019" authorityName="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva" authorityYear="2019" box="[196,391,1712,1732]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zimbebel" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[196,391,1712,1732]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Passerilepis zimbebel</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[396,445,1712,1731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. 
<emphasis box="[201,298,1738,1758]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Scale-bars</emphasis>
: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="5.[125,699,159,1345]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
walled, voluminous, 87–168 (128, n = 18) long, 57–101 (80, n = 18) wide, posterior and ventral to cirrus-sac and external seminal vesicle, dorsal to ovary and uterus, connected with oötype by distinct duct, 24–29 (27, n = 5) long, 10–12 (12, n = 5) wide (
<figureCitation box="[133,221,325,348]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Vagina opening ventrally to cirrus-sac, usually passing laterally and sometimes posteriorly to it, surrounded by thick sleeve of intensely stained cells. Vagina consisting of well-defined copulatory part and conductive part; copulatory part tubular, 62–99 (79, n = 30) long, 7–23 (12, n = 34) wide, with thick walls consisting of strong circular musculature; conductive part thin, tubular, 10–17 (13, n = 13) long, 2–5 (3, n = 13) wide (
<figureCitation box="[362,448,591,614]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[125,699,159,1345]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
Young uterus appearing as thick-walled, transversely-elongate narrow sac, with ends slightly curved in posterior direction; situated in median field, anterior to vitellarium, dorsal to ovary and ventral to seminal receptacle, Mehlis’ gland and testes (
<figureCitation box="[552,640,757,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[125,158,1682,1702]" captionTargetBox="[306,1147,157,1650]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[436,1026,689,1111]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Scolex; B, Rostellar hooks in various positions (first two hooks in lateral position); C, Male mature proglottis; D, Hermaphroditic mature proglottis with an early stage of uterine development. Scale-bars: A, 50 µm; B, 30 µm; C, D, 100 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669974/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
), not crossing lateral osmoregulatory canals; uterine walls containing large intensely stained cells. With further development, uterus enlarging laterally but its middle part remaining slightly narrower than lateral parts in postmature proglottides (
<figureCitation box="[394,482,923,946]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
Fig. 2 
<collectionCodeEnum box="[459,482,923,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">A</collectionCodeEnum>
</figureCitation>
). Gravid uterus sacciform, filling entire median field of proglottis, slightly overlapping but not crossing lateral osmoregulatory canals (
<figureCitation box="[206,291,1023,1046]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
Fig. 2 
<collectionCodeEnum box="[271,291,1023,1046]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">B</collectionCodeEnum>
</figureCitation>
). Eggs 42–67 (52, n = 25) in diameter, with thin outer coat; embryophore elliptical, thickwalled, 35–47 (40, n = 25) long, 32–37 (35, n = 14) wide, with thickness of walls 2–7 (3, n = 30); no polar filaments observed on embryophore; oncosphere elliptical, 29–37 (33, n = 30) long and 22–27 (25, n = 14) wide. Embryonic hooks differing in shape and length: median pair 20–21 (20, n = 13) long; internal lateral pair more robust, 17 (17, n = 26) long; external lateral pair 16–17 (17, n = 26) long (
<figureCitation box="[521,608,1322,1345]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[125,158,1711,1731]" captionTargetBox="[209,1249,158,1679]" captionTargetId="graphics@4.[345,1155,725,1152]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2 Passerilepis zimbebel n. sp. A, Postmature proglottis; B, Gravid proglottis; C, Genital ducts in a mature proglottis, dorsal view; D, Egg. Scale-bars: A–C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669976/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="5.[125,220,1388,1411]" box="[125,220,1388,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
<heading box="[125,220,1388,1411]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" reason="1">Remarks</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[125,700,1454,1776]" lastBlockId="5.[760,1335,159,1776]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
The present material corresponds to the original diagnosis of the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[399,529,1488,1511]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[399,529,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as defined by 
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskii, A. A. &amp; Spasskaya, L. I." box="[125,454,1521,1544]" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="55 - 119" part="7" refId="ref11542" refString="Spasskii, A. A., &amp; Spasskaya, L. I. (1954). Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds. Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii, 7, 55 - 119 (In Russian)." title="Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds" type="journal article" year="1954">
Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya (
<date box="[390,443,1521,1544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" value="1954">1954</date>
)
</bibRefCitation>
. The specimens from 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[125,336,1554,1577]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Terpsiphone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis box="[125,336,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Terpsiphone viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterised by a rostellum armed with a single row of ten hooks, the diorchoid shape of the rostellar hooks (with a long handle, shorter blade and small but well-developed guard), unarmed suckers, three testes situated in a triangle (one poral and two antiporal), the cirrus-sac not reaching the midline of the proglottis, the absence of accessory sacs in the genital atrium, the median female gonads and the sacciform uterus. Initially, the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[760,890,226,249]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[760,890,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
incorporated fifteen cestode species parasitising mainly passerine birds (
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskii, A. A. &amp; Spasskaya, L. I." journalOrPublisher="Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="55 - 119" part="7" refId="ref11542" refString="Spasskii, A. A., &amp; Spasskaya, L. I. (1954). Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds. Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii, 7, 55 - 119 (In Russian)." title="Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds" type="journal article" year="1954">
Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 
<date box="[830,887,292,315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" value="1954">1954</date>
</bibRefCitation>
). The analysis of the previous records revealed 23 valid species of this genus parasitising mostly terrestrial birds of the orders 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lepage" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[1178,1330,359,382]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName box="[760,913,392,415]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Coraciiformes</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName box="[976,1136,392,415]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Trogoniformes</taxonomicName>
in the Holarctic, Neotropical, Nearctic, Afrotropical and 
<collectingRegion box="[1246,1334,425,448]" country="Egypt" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Oriental</collectingRegion>
Regions (
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskii, A. A. &amp; Spasskaya, L. I." box="[866,1183,458,481]" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="55 - 119" part="7" refId="ref11542" refString="Spasskii, A. A., &amp; Spasskaya, L. I. (1954). Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds. Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii, 7, 55 - 119 (In Russian)." title="Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds" type="journal article" year="1954">
Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 
<date box="[1130,1183,458,481]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" value="1954">1954</date>
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskii, A. A. &amp; Spasskaya, L. P." box="[1201,1254,458,481]" journalOrPublisher="Ceskoslovenska Parazitologie" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="247 - 255" part="11" refId="ref11580" refString="Spasskii, A. A., &amp; Spasskaya, L. P. (1964). The genus Passerilepis and the genus Variolepis (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae). Ceskoslovenska Parazitologie, 11, 247 - 255 (In Russian)." title="The genus Passerilepis and the genus Variolepis (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae)" type="journal article" year="1964">
<date box="[1201,1254,458,481]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" value="1964">1964</date>
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Yamaguti, S." journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="27 - 44" part="4" refId="ref12070" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1956). Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part II. Cestodes of Birds. Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology, 4, 27 - 44." title="Parasitic Worms mainly from Celebes. Part II. Cestodes of Birds" type="journal article" year="1956">
Yamaguti, 
<date box="[830,883,491,514]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" value="1956">1956</date>
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Yamaguti, S." box="[899,952,491,514]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" refId="ref12105" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1959). Systema helminthum. Volume 2. The Cestodes of Vertebrates. New York: Interscience Publischers Inc., 860 pp." type="book" year="1959">
<date box="[899,952,491,514]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" value="1959">1959</date>
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskaya, L. P." bookContentInfo="698 pp" box="[969,1150,491,514]" journalOrPublisher="Moscow: Nauka" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" refId="ref11439" refString="Spasskaya, L. P. (1966). Cestodes of birds of the USSR. Hymenolepididae. Moscow: Nauka, 698 pp (In Russian)." title="Cestodes of birds of the USSR. Hymenolepididae" type="book" year="1966">Spasskaya, 1966</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Schmidt, G. D." bookContentInfo="675 pp." box="[1167,1325,491,514]" journalOrPublisher="Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" refId="ref11247" refString="Schmidt, G. D. (1986). Handbook of Tapeworms Identification. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 675 pp." title="Handbook of Tapeworms Identification" type="book" year="1986">Schmidt, 1986</bibRefCitation>
) (see 
<tableCitation box="[810,893,525,548]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[125,180,164,183]" captionText="Table 1 Species of the genus Passerilepis Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1954 and length of their rostellar hooks. The list is sorted by the length of the hooks" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[760,1335,159,1776]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
The most frequently used characters for the identification of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[897,1027,591,614]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[897,1027,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. are the length and the shape of the rostellar hooks (
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskii, A. A. &amp; Spasskaya, L. I." journalOrPublisher="Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="55 - 119" part="7" refId="ref11542" refString="Spasskii, A. A., &amp; Spasskaya, L. I. (1954). Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds. Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoy Laboratorii, 7, 55 - 119 (In Russian)." title="Systematics of Hymenolepididae parasitizing birds" type="journal article" year="1954">Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1954</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskii, A. A. &amp; Spasskaya, L. P." box="[830,887,657,680]" journalOrPublisher="Ceskoslovenska Parazitologie" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="247 - 255" part="11" refId="ref11580" refString="Spasskii, A. A., &amp; Spasskaya, L. P. (1964). The genus Passerilepis and the genus Variolepis (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae). Ceskoslovenska Parazitologie, 11, 247 - 255 (In Russian)." title="The genus Passerilepis and the genus Variolepis (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae)" type="journal article" year="1964">1964</bibRefCitation>
). The specimens of the present material possess rostellar hooks 
<quantity box="[1021,1133,690,714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="37.0">37–38 µm</quantity>
long, thus resembling four described species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[1120,1250,724,747]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1120,1250,724,747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having rostellar hook with lengths 
<quantity box="[1046,1153,756,780]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="37.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="34.0">34–40 µm</quantity>
(
<tableCitation box="[1165,1250,757,780]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[125,180,164,183]" captionText="Table 1 Species of the genus Passerilepis Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1954 and length of their rostellar hooks. The list is sorted by the length of the hooks" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Table 1</tableCitation>
). These are 
<taxonomicName authority="(Burt, 1944)" authorityName="Burt" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Burt" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[800,1137,790,813]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="septemsororum">
<emphasis box="[800,995,790,813]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. septemsororum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Burt, D. R. R." box="[1011,1127,790,813]" journalOrPublisher="Ceylon Journal of Sciences (B" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="165 - 172" part="22" refId="ref9105" refString="Burt, D. R. R. (1944). New avian species of Hymenolepis from Ceylon. Ceylon Journal of Sciences (B), 22, 165 - 172." title="New avian species of Hymenolepis from Ceylon" type="journal article" year="1944">Burt, 1944</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="(von Linstow, 1903)" authorityName="von Linstow" authorityYear="1903" baseAuthorityName="von Linstow" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="dahurica">
<emphasis box="[1150,1277,790,813]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. dahurica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="von Linstow, O." journalOrPublisher="Petersburg. Annuaire Musee Zoologique de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="19 - 297" part="8" refId="ref12032" refString="von Linstow, O. (1903). Entozoa des Zoologischen Museums der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg. Annuaire Musee Zoologique de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences, 8, 19 - 297." title="Entozoa des Zoologischen Museums der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St" type="journal article" year="1903">
von 
<bibRefCitation author="von Linstow, O." box="[760,912,823,846]" journalOrPublisher="Petersburg. Annuaire Musee Zoologique de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="19 - 297" part="8" refId="ref12032" refString="von Linstow, O. (1903). Entozoa des Zoologischen Museums der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg. Annuaire Musee Zoologique de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences, 8, 19 - 297." title="Entozoa des Zoologischen Museums der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St" type="journal article" year="1903">Linstow, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1906)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1906" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[934,1261,823,847]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pellucida">
<emphasis box="[934,1062,824,847]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. pellucida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Fuhrmann, O." box="[1075,1253,823,846]" journalOrPublisher="Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten. Erste Abteilung, Originale" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="440 - 452" part="41" refId="ref9429" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1906 a). Die Hymenolepis - Arten der Vogel. I. Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten. Erste Abteilung, Originale, 41, 440 - 452." title="Die Hymenolepis - Arten der Vogel. I" type="journal article" year="1906">Fuhrmann, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1906)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1906" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. brevis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Fuhrmann, O." box="[839,1021,857,880]" journalOrPublisher="Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten. Erste Abteilung, Originale" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="440 - 452" part="41" refId="ref9429" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1906 a). Die Hymenolepis - Arten der Vogel. I. Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten. Erste Abteilung, Originale, 41, 440 - 452." title="Die Hymenolepis - Arten der Vogel. I" type="journal article" year="1906">Fuhrmann, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. According to the classification of the rostellar hooks of hymenolepidids from birds (
<bibRefCitation author="Skrjabin, K. I. &amp; Mathevosian, E. M." bookContentInfo="488 pp" box="[830,1171,923,946]" journalOrPublisher="Moscow: Sel'khozgiz" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" refId="ref11364" refString="Skrjabin, K. I., &amp; Mathevosian, E. M. (1945). Tapeworms - Hymenolepididae of domestic and Game Birds. Moscow: Sel'khozgiz, 488 pp (In Russian)." title="Tapeworms - Hymenolepididae of domestic and Game Birds" type="book" year="1945">Skrjabin &amp; Mathevosian, 1945</bibRefCitation>
), two of these species (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="von Linstow" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[854,982,957,980]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="dahurica">
<emphasis box="[854,982,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. dahurica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1038,1134,957,980]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis box="[1038,1134,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are characterised with arcuatoid 
<typeStatus box="[924,970,989,1012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">type</typeStatus>
of hooks, i.e. a hook with a long handle, a weakly-developed small blade and a guard almost as long as the blade (see also the definition in 
<bibRefCitation author="Khalil, L. F. &amp; Jones, A. &amp; Bray, R. A." bookContentInfo="751 pp." box="[760,961,1089,1112]" journalOrPublisher="Wallingford, UK: CAB International" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" refId="ref10104" refString="Khalil, L. F., Jones, A., &amp; Bray, R. A. (Eds) (1994). Keys to the Cestode Parasites of Vertebrates. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 751 pp." title="Keys to the Cestode Parasites of Vertebrates" type="book" year="1994">Khalil et al., 1994</bibRefCitation>
). In contrast, the specimens from 
<collectingCountry box="[760,851,1122,1145]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
are characterised by the diorchoid shape of the hooks. The hooks of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1040,1173,1156,1179]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pellucida">
<emphasis box="[1040,1173,1156,1179]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. pellucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a longer blade compared to the arcuatoid 
<typeStatus box="[1116,1162,1189,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">type</typeStatus>
of hooks of the above-mentioned species. However, its guard is thicker, and the shape of this hook is rather fraternoid (Fuhrmann, 1906a). The hooks of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Burt" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1138,1334,1289,1312]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="septemsororum">
<emphasis box="[1138,1334,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">P. septemsororum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have an intermediate shape between diorchoid and arcuatoid, i.e. with a very long handle and much shorter claw-like blade, the guard is prominent and thick (
<bibRefCitation author="Burt, D. R. R." box="[828,944,1421,1444]" journalOrPublisher="Ceylon Journal of Sciences (B" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="165 - 172" part="22" refId="ref9105" refString="Burt, D. R. R. (1944). New avian species of Hymenolepis from Ceylon. Ceylon Journal of Sciences (B), 22, 165 - 172." title="New avian species of Hymenolepis from Ceylon" type="journal article" year="1944">Burt, 1944</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[760,1335,159,1776]" lastBlockId="7.[125,700,159,1677]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
The specimens from 
<collectingCountry box="[1027,1118,1454,1477]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
can also be distinguished from the remaining valid 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[1121,1251,1488,1511]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1121,1251,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. by some features of the strobilar morphology, i.e. the position of the genital ducts in relation to the osmoregulatory canals and the shape of the female gonads. Similarly to the majority of the avian hymenolepidids (
<bibRefCitation author="Czaplinski, B. &amp; Vaucher, C." box="[950,1273,1654,1677]" editor="Khalil, L. F." journalOrPublisher="Wallingford: CAB International" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="595 - 663" refId="ref9311" refString="Czaplinski, B., &amp; Vaucher, C. (1994). Family Hymenolepididae Ariola, 1899. In: Khalil, L. F., Jones, A. &amp; Bray, R. A. (Eds), Keys to the Cestode Parasites of Vertebrates. Wallingford: CAB International, pp. 595 - 663." title="Family Hymenolepididae Ariola" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Keys to the Cestode Parasites of Vertebrates" year="1994">Czaplinski &amp; Vaucher, 1994</bibRefCitation>
), the species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[887,1017,1687,1710]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[887,1017,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have genital ducts passing dorsally to the poral osmoregulatory canals and this character remains constant in all proglottides of the strobila. The majority of the studied specimens from 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Terpsiphone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">T. viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have strobila consisting of proglottides with the same position of the genital ducts. There are exceptions in several specimens where the genital ducts pass between the dorsal and ventral poral osmoregulatory canals (in 4% of proglottides on average). This variation in the position of the genital ducts has not been observed in other 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[519,649,193,216]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[519,649,193,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. Since the frequency of occurrence of this configuration is not high, we think it can be considered as anomalous. The specimens from 
<collectingCountry box="[506,597,292,315]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
are also characterised by a median ovary consisting of three compact lobes of oval or irregular shape as well as by the compact median vitellarium. In contrast, the female gonads of 
<taxonomicName authority="(Rudolphi, 1809)" authorityName="Rudolphi" authorityYear="1809" baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[321,621,425,448]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stylosa">
<emphasis box="[321,427,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. stylosa</emphasis>
(Rudolphi, 1809)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="(Goeze, 1782)" authorityName="Goeze" authorityYear="1782" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1782" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crenata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. crenata</emphasis>
(Goeze, 1782)
</taxonomicName>
are multilobate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<paragraph blockId="6.[125,1334,163,210]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[125,198,163,183]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Table 1</emphasis>
Species of the genus 
<taxonomicName authority="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1954" authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[410,785,163,183]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[410,520,163,183]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Passerilepis</emphasis>
Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1954
</taxonomicName>
and length of their rostellar hooks. The list is sorted by the length of the hooks
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<table box="[125,1334,233,1591]" gridcols="6" gridrows="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<tr box="[125,1334,233,280]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,233,280]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">No.</th>
<th box="[181,515,233,280]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Species</th>
<th box="[537,873,233,280]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Host species (host family)</th>
<th box="[898,1015,233,280]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Locality</th>
<th box="[1037,1162,233,280]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Rostellar hooks, length</th>
<th box="[1185,1334,233,280]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Reference</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,310,357]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,310,357]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">1</th>
<td box="[181,515,310,357]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,311,330]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Krabbe, 1879)" authorityName="Krabbe" authorityYear="1879" baseAuthorityName="Krabbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[191,480,310,330]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="petrocinclae">
<emphasis box="[191,332,310,330]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. petrocinclae</emphasis>
(Krabbe, 1879)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,310,357]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[537,723,310,330]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Monticola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solitarius">
<emphasis box="[537,723,310,330]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Monticola solitarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[559,688,337,357]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Muscicapidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,310,357]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Central Asia</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,310,357]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">18</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,310,357]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Krabbe (1879)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,371,417]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,371,417]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">2</th>
<td box="[181,515,371,417]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1907)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[191,480,371,391]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passerina">
<emphasis box="[191,307,372,391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. passerina</emphasis>
(Fuhrmann, 1907)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,371,417]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
‘‘ 
<taxonomicName box="[550,705,371,391]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parochus">
<emphasis box="[550,705,371,391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Turdus parochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’’ (mislabelling) (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[559,644,397,417]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Turdidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,371,417]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Egypt</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,371,417]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">20</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,371,417]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Fuhrmann (1907)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,431,478]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,431,478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">3</th>
<td box="[181,515,431,478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,432,451]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Sudarikov, 1950)" authorityName="Sudarikov" authorityYear="1950" baseAuthorityName="Sudarikov" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[191,464,431,452]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="spasskii">
<emphasis box="[191,290,432,452]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. spasskii</emphasis>
(Sudarikov, 1950)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,431,478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[537,705,432,452]" class="Aves" family="Coraciidae" genus="Coracias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garrulus">
<emphasis box="[537,705,432,452]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Coracias garrulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName box="[746,847,431,451]" class="Aves" family="Coraciidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Coraciidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,431,478]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Russia</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,431,478]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">21</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,431,478]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Sudarikov (1950)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,492,512]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,492,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">4</th>
<td box="[181,515,492,512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Goeze, 1782)" authorityName="Goeze" authorityYear="1782" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[181,415,492,512]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crenata">
<emphasis box="[181,277,493,511]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. crenata</emphasis>
(Goeze, 1782)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,492,512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[537,673,493,512]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corone">
<emphasis box="[537,673,493,512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Corvus corone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName box="[713,799,492,512]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Corvidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,492,512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Russia</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,492,512]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">24–25</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,492,512]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Spasskii (1965)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,526,573]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,526,573]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">5</th>
<td box="[181,515,526,573]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,527,546]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Deardorff &amp; Brooks, 1978" authorityName="Deardorff &amp; Brooks" authorityYear="1978" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schmidti">
<emphasis box="[191,296,526,546]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. schmidti</emphasis>
Deardorff &amp; Brooks, 1978
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,526,573]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[537,713,527,546]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Cyanocitta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis box="[537,713,527,546]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Cyanocitta cristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[769,855,526,546]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Corvidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,526,573]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">USA (Nebraska)</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,526,573]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">21–26</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,526,573]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Deardorff &amp; Brooks (1978)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,587,633]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,587,633]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">6</th>
<td box="[181,515,587,633]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Clerc, 1906)" authorityName="Clerc" authorityYear="1906" baseAuthorityName="Clerc" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[181,444,587,607]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="intermedius">
<emphasis box="[181,315,587,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. intermedius</emphasis>
(Clerc, 1906)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,587,633]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName box="[537,692,587,607]" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cuculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canorus">
<emphasis box="[537,692,587,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Cuculus canorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cuculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepidus">
<emphasis box="[732,825,587,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">C. lepidus</emphasis>
Müller
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[628,723,613,633]" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cuculidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,587,633]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Russia (Ural)</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,587,633]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">22–25</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,587,633]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Clerc (1906)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,647,667]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,647,667]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">7</th>
<td box="[181,515,647,667]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Gmelin, 1790)" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1790" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[181,430,647,667]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passeris">
<emphasis box="[181,282,648,666]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. passeris</emphasis>
(Gmelin, 1790)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,647,667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[537,706,647,667]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="domesticus">
<emphasis box="[537,706,647,667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Passer domesticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[762,860,647,667]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Passeridae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,647,667]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Germany</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,647,667]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">28</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,647,667]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Krabbe (1869)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,681,728]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,681,728]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">8</th>
<td box="[181,515,681,728]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,682,701]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Rudolphi, 1802)" authorityName="Rudolphi" authorityYear="1802" baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[191,475,681,701]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
<emphasis box="[191,311,682,701]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. interrupta</emphasis>
(Rudolphi, 1802)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,681,728]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Brunnich)" authorityName="Brunnich" baseAuthorityName="Brunnich" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[537,854,681,701]" class="Aves" family="Scolopacidae" genus="Lymnocryptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minimus">
<emphasis box="[537,747,682,700]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Lymnocryptes minimus</emphasis>
(Brünnich)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[559,683,708,728]" class="Aves" family="Scolopacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Scolopacidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,681,728]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Europe</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,681,728]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">27</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,681,728]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Fuhrmann (1906b)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,742,788]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,742,788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">9</th>
<td box="[181,515,742,788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,743,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1964" authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1964" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rysavyi">
<emphasis box="[191,284,743,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. rysavyi</emphasis>
Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1964
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,742,788]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="riparia" box="[537,678,743,761]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" genus="Riparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riparia">
<emphasis box="[537,678,743,761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Riparia riparia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[733,855,742,762]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hirundinidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,742,788]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Europe</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,742,788]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">25–26</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,742,788]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Ryšavý (1955)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,802,823]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,802,823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">10</th>
<td box="[181,515,802,823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,803,822]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Singh, 1952)" authorityName="Singh" authorityYear="1952" baseAuthorityName="Singh" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[191,417,802,823]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ababili">
<emphasis box="[191,283,803,823]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. ababili</emphasis>
(Singh, 1952)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,802,823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[537,684,803,823]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" genus="Hirundo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rustica">
<emphasis box="[537,684,803,823]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Hirundo rustica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName box="[724,846,802,822]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hirundinidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,802,823]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">India</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,802,823]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">25–28</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,802,823]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Singh (1952)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,836,857]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,836,857]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">11</th>
<td box="[181,515,836,857]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,837,856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Singh, 1952)" authorityName="Singh" authorityYear="1952" baseAuthorityName="Singh" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[191,414,836,856]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis box="[191,280,837,856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. magna</emphasis>
(Singh, 1952)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,836,857]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[537,712,837,857]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Acridotheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tristis">
<emphasis box="[537,712,837,857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Acridotheres tristis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[769,859,836,856]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sturnidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,836,857]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">India</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,836,857]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">26–32</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,836,857]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Singh (1952)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,870,891]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,870,891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">12</th>
<td box="[181,515,870,891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Rudolphi, 1809)" authorityName="Rudolphi" authorityYear="1809" baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[181,435,870,891]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stylosa">
<emphasis box="[181,271,871,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. stylosa</emphasis>
(Rudolphi, 1809)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,870,891]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[537,725,871,891]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Garrulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandarius">
<emphasis box="[537,725,871,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Garrulus glandarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[781,867,870,890]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Corvidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,870,891]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Europe</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,870,891]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">28–32</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,870,891]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Krabbe (1869)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,904,951]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,904,951]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">13</th>
<td box="[181,515,904,951]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,905,924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Sawada &amp; Kugi, 1980" authorityName="Sawada &amp; Kugi" authorityYear="1980" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonensis">
<emphasis box="[191,316,905,924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. japonensis</emphasis>
Sawada &amp; Kugi, 1980
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,904,951]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="Wagler" authorityName="Wagler" box="[537,825,904,924]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrorhynchus">
<emphasis box="[537,750,904,924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Corvus macrorhynchus</emphasis>
Wagler
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[559,645,931,951]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Corvidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,904,951]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Japan</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,904,951]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">30</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,904,951]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Sawada &amp; Kugi (1980)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,965,1011]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,965,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">14</th>
<td box="[181,515,965,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,966,985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Burt, 1944)" authorityName="Burt" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Burt" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[191,461,965,985]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uragahaensis">
<emphasis box="[191,341,965,985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. uragahaensis</emphasis>
(Burt, 1944)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,965,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Pennant)" authorityName="Pennant" baseAuthorityName="Pennant" baseAuthorityYear="1769" box="[537,815,965,985]" class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Harpactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
<emphasis box="[537,719,965,985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Harpactes fasciatus</emphasis>
(Pennant)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1828" box="[559,666,991,1011]" class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Trogonidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,965,1011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Sri Lanka</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,965,1011]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">30–31</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,965,1011]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Burt (1944)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1025,1072]" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1025,1072]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">15</th>
<td box="[181,515,1025,1072]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1918)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1918" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[181,473,1025,1045]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zosteropis">
<emphasis box="[181,299,1027,1045]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. zosteropis</emphasis>
(Fuhrmann, 1918)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1025,1072]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="Layard" authorityName="Layard" authorityYear="1878" box="[537,777,1025,1045]" class="Aves" family="Zosteropidae" genus="Zosterops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis box="[537,704,1027,1045]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Zosterops minutus</emphasis>
Layard
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1853" box="[559,680,1052,1072]" class="Aves" family="Zosteropidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Zosteropidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1025,1072]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">New Caledonia</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1025,1072]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">30–32</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1025,1072]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Fuhrmann (1918)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1086,1133]" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1086,1133]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">16</th>
<td box="[181,515,1086,1133]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,1087,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Singh, 1952)" authorityName="Singh" authorityYear="1952" baseAuthorityName="Singh" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[191,404,1086,1106]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gaugi">
<emphasis box="[191,271,1087,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. gaugi</emphasis>
(Singh, 1952)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1086,1133]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Dumont)" authorityName="Dumont" baseAuthorityName="Dumont" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[537,792,1086,1106]" class="Aves" family="Leiothrichidae" genus="Turdoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis box="[537,695,1086,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Turdoides striata</emphasis>
(Dumont)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[559,694,1113,1133]" class="Aves" family="Leiothrichidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leiothrichidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1086,1133]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">India</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1086,1133]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">32</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1086,1133]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Singh (1952)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1147,1193]" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1147,1193]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">17</th>
<td box="[181,515,1147,1193]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,1147,1166]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Yamaguti, 1956" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1956" box="[191,467,1147,1167]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" genus="Passer" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arciuterus">
<emphasis box="[191,312,1147,1166]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. arciuterus</emphasis>
Yamaguti, 1956
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1147,1193]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Swainson)" authorityName="Swainson" baseAuthorityName="Swainson" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[537,815,1147,1167]" class="Aves" family="Meliphagidae" genus="Meliphaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lewinii">
<emphasis box="[537,705,1147,1167]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Meliphaga lewinii</emphasis>
(Swainson)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1825" box="[559,686,1173,1193]" class="Aves" family="Meliphagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Meliphagidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1147,1193]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Indonesia</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1147,1193]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">33</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1147,1193]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Yamaguti (1956)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1207,1227]" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1207,1227]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">18</th>
<td box="[181,515,1207,1227]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,1208,1227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Burt, 1944)" authorityName="Burt" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Burt" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[191,479,1207,1227]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="septemsororum">
<emphasis box="[191,358,1208,1227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. septemsororum</emphasis>
(Burt, 1944)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1207,1227]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dumont" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[537,695,1207,1227]" class="Aves" family="Leiothrichidae" genus="Turdoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis box="[537,695,1207,1227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Turdoides striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[709,844,1207,1227]" class="Aves" family="Leiothrichidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leiothrichidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1207,1227]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Sri Lanka</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1207,1227]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">33–34</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1207,1227]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Burt (1944)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1241,1288]" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1241,1288]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">19</th>
<td box="[181,515,1241,1288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(von Linstow, 1903)" authorityName="von Linstow" authorityYear="1903" baseAuthorityName="von Linstow" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[181,485,1241,1261]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="dahurica">
<emphasis box="[181,290,1241,1261]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. dahurica</emphasis>
(von Linstow, 1903)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1241,1288]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="Pallas" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1776" box="[537,764,1241,1261]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dauuricus">
<emphasis box="[537,602,1242,1261]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Corvus</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[610,700,1241,1261]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">dauuricus</emphasis>
Pallas
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrorhynchus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">C. macrorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[707,793,1268,1288]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Corvidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1241,1288]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Russia</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1241,1288]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">34</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1241,1288]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">von Linstow (1903)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1302,1348]" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1302,1348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">20</th>
<td box="[181,515,1302,1348]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1906)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1906" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[181,466,1302,1322]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pellucida">
<emphasis box="[181,201,1303,1321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[208,292,1302,1322]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">pellucida</emphasis>
(Fuhrmann, 1906)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1302,1348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Pallas)" authorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1769" box="[537,833,1302,1322]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Psarocolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decumanus">
<emphasis box="[537,645,1302,1322]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Psarocolius</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[652,754,1302,1322]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">decumanus</emphasis>
(Pallas)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="(Muller)" authorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Terpsiphone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis box="[844,865,1303,1321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[553,611,1328,1348]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">viridis</emphasis>
(Müller)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1825" box="[709,791,1328,1348]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Icteridae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1302,1348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Brazil</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1302,1348]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">32–34</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1302,1348]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Fuhrmann (1906a)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1362,1409]" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1362,1409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">21</th>
<td box="[181,515,1362,1409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva, 2019" authorityName="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva" authorityYear="2019" box="[181,288,1363,1383]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zimbebel" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[181,288,1363,1383]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P. zimbebel</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[296,347,1363,1382]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1362,1409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Muller)" authorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[537,799,1362,1383]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Terpsiphone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis box="[537,650,1363,1383]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Terpsiphone</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[657,730,1363,1383]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">viridis (</emphasis>
Müller)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1854" box="[559,681,1389,1409]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Monarchidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1362,1409]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Ethiopia</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1362,1409]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">37–38</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1362,1409]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Present study</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1423,1469]" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1423,1469]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">22</th>
<td box="[181,515,1423,1469]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1906)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1906" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[181,436,1423,1443]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis box="[181,201,1424,1442]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[208,263,1423,1443]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">brevis</emphasis>
(Fuhrmann, 1906)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1423,1469]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Wolf)" authorityName="Wolf" baseAuthorityName="Wolf" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[537,792,1423,1443]" class="Aves" family="Locustellidae" genus="Locustella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis box="[537,631,1423,1443]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Locustella</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[639,723,1423,1443]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">fluviatilis</emphasis>
(Wolf)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[559,647,1449,1469]" class="Aves" family="Sylviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sylviidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1423,1469]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Europe</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1423,1469]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">40</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1423,1469]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Fuhrmann (1906b)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1483,1530]" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1483,1530]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">23</th>
<td box="[181,515,1483,1530]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis box="[181,191,1484,1503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Spasskii, Dang Van Ngui &amp; Jurpalova, 1963" authorityName="Spasskii, Dang Van Ngui &amp; Jurpalova" authorityYear="1963" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Psarocolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis box="[191,212,1484,1503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[218,328,1484,1504]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">occidentalis</emphasis>
Spasskii, Dang Van Ngui &amp; Jurpalova, 1963
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1483,1530]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="Moore" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1858" box="[537,801,1484,1504]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Acridotheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis box="[537,654,1484,1504]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Acridotheres</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[661,730,1484,1504]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">grandis</emphasis>
Moore
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Acridotheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatellus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">A. cristatellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[709,799,1510,1530]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sturnidae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1483,1530]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Vietnam</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1483,1530]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">45–48</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1483,1530]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Spasskii et al. (1963)</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[125,1334,1544,1591]" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<th box="[125,159,1544,1591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">24</th>
<td box="[181,515,1544,1591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1907)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[181,441,1544,1564]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Psarocolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parina">
<emphasis box="[181,201,1545,1563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[208,268,1545,1563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">parina</emphasis>
(Fuhrmann, 1907)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td box="[537,873,1544,1591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName box="[537,652,1545,1563]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis box="[537,652,1545,1563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Parus major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1825" box="[693,764,1544,1564]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Paridae</taxonomicName>
)
</td>
<td box="[898,1015,1544,1591]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Europe</td>
<td box="[1037,1162,1544,1591]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">60</td>
<td box="[1185,1334,1544,1591]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Fuhrmann (1907)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[125,552,1615,1635]" box="[125,552,1615,1635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
<tableNote box="[125,552,1615,1635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" targetBox="[125,1334,233,1591]" targetPageId="6">*Species known from the original record only</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="286" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="7.[125,700,159,1677]" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">
Four species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[325,455,492,515]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[325,455,492,515]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been recorded in the Afrotropical Region. These are 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[543,655,525,548]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stylosa">
<emphasis box="[543,655,525,548]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. stylosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="(Gmelin, 1790)" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1790" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passeris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. passeris</emphasis>
(Gmelin, 1790)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="(Fuhrmann, 1907)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passerina">
<emphasis box="[419,559,558,581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. passerina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Fuhrmann, O." journalOrPublisher="Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" pagination="516 - 536" part="45" refId="ref9504" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1907). Bekannte und neue Arten und Genera von Vogeltanien. Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten, 45, 516 - 536." title="Bekannte und neue Arten und Genera von Vogeltanien" type="journal article" year="1907">Fuhrmann, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis box="[236,598,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[236,350,591,614]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crenata">P. crenata</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[359,598,591,614]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passerina">Passerilepis passerina</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from its original description from ‘‘ 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parochus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Turdus parochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’’ (most probably, a mislabelled sample, see 
<bibRefCitation author="Kuchta, R. &amp; Burianova, A. &amp; Jirku, M. &amp; de Chambrier, A. &amp; Oros, M. &amp; Brabec, J." box="[125,328,691,714]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" pagination="1 - 35" part="3309" refId="ref10225" refString="Kuchta, R., Burianova, A., Jirku, M., de Chambrier, A., Oros, M., Brabec, J., et al. (2012). Bothriocephalidean tapeworms (Cestoda) of freshwater fish in Africa, including erection of Kirstenella n. gen. and description of Tetracampos martinae n. sp. Zootaxa, 3309, 1 - 35." title="Bothriocephalidean tapeworms (Cestoda) of freshwater fish in Africa, including erection of Kirstenella n. gen. and description of Tetracampos martinae n. sp" type="journal article" year="2012">Kuchta et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
) from 
<collectingCountry box="[404,468,691,714]" name="Egypt" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Fuhrmann, O." box="[482,660,691,714]" journalOrPublisher="Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" pagination="516 - 536" part="45" refId="ref9504" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1907). Bekannte und neue Arten und Genera von Vogeltanien. Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten, 45, 516 - 536." title="Bekannte und neue Arten und Genera von Vogeltanien" type="journal article" year="1907">Fuhrmann, 1907</bibRefCitation>
). It differs from the present specimens from 
<collectingCountry box="[573,664,724,747]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
by its arcuatoid hooks (see figure 
<quantity box="[454,508,757,780]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation author="Fuhrmann, O." box="[514,690,757,780]" journalOrPublisher="Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" pagination="516 - 536" part="45" refId="ref9504" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1907). Bekannte und neue Arten und Genera von Vogeltanien. Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten, 45, 516 - 536." title="Bekannte und neue Arten und Genera von Vogeltanien" type="journal article" year="1907">Fuhrmann, 1907</bibRefCitation>
) which are of considerably smaller size (20 
<emphasis box="[601,623,790,813]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">vs</emphasis>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="37.0">37–38 µm</quantity>
in specimens from Wondo Genet). In addition, the cirrus-sac in 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[266,401,857,880]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passerina">
<emphasis box="[266,401,857,880]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. passerina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much longer, i.e. 200 
<emphasis box="[677,699,857,880]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">vs</emphasis>
<quantity box="[125,248,889,913]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.135" metricValueMax="1.3599999999999999" metricValueMin="0.9099999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" unit="mm" value="113.5" valueMax="136.0" valueMin="91.0">91–136 µm</quantity>
in 
<taxonomicName authority="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva, 2019" authorityName="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva" authorityYear="2019" box="[283,409,890,913]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zimbebel" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[283,409,890,913]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. zimbebel</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[416,474,890,913]" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The remaining three species, i.e. 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[255,372,923,946]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passeris">
<emphasis box="[255,372,923,946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. passeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[385,489,923,946]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stylosa">
<emphasis box="[385,489,923,946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. stylosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[542,652,923,946]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crenata">
<emphasis box="[542,652,923,946]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. crenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are among the most frequently recorded 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[519,649,957,980]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[519,649,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. worldwide. The only Afrotropical record of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passeris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. passeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from 
<taxonomicName authority="Hartlaub" authorityName="Hartlaub" authorityYear="1849" box="[299,598,1023,1046]" class="Aves" family="Dicruridae" genus="Dicrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
<emphasis box="[299,499,1023,1046]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Dicrurus modestus</emphasis>
Hartlaub
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1825" class="Aves" family="Dicruridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dicruridae</taxonomicName>
) from 
<collectingCountry box="[250,699,1056,1079]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">
the Democratic Republic of the 
<collectingRegion box="[628,699,1056,1079]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Congo</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Southwell, T. &amp; Lake, F." box="[132,412,1089,1112]" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" pagination="107 - 123" part="33" refId="ref11402" refString="Southwell, T., &amp; Lake, F. (1939). On a collection of Cestoda from the Belgian Congo. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 33, 107 - 123." title="On a collection of Cestoda from the Belgian Congo" type="journal article" year="1939">Southwell &amp; Lake, 1939</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[440,669,1089,1112]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passeris">
<emphasis box="[440,669,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Passerilepis passeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterised by its almost diorchoid hooks but they are considerably shorter than the hooks of 
<taxonomicName authority="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva, 2019" authorityName="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva" authorityYear="2019" box="[575,699,1156,1179]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zimbebel" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[575,699,1156,1179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. zimbebel</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[125,193,1189,1212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<tableCitation box="[218,302,1189,1212]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[125,180,164,183]" captionText="Table 1 Species of the genus Passerilepis Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1954 and length of their rostellar hooks. The list is sorted by the length of the hooks" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Table 1</tableCitation>
). In addition, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[488,616,1189,1212]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="passeris">
<emphasis box="[488,616,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. passeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a multilobate ovary (
<bibRefCitation author="Spasskaya, L. P." bookContentInfo="698 pp" box="[345,533,1222,1245]" journalOrPublisher="Moscow: Nauka" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" refId="ref11439" refString="Spasskaya, L. P. (1966). Cestodes of birds of the USSR. Hymenolepididae. Moscow: Nauka, 698 pp (In Russian)." title="Cestodes of birds of the USSR. Hymenolepididae" type="book" year="1966">Spasskaya, 1966</bibRefCitation>
), whereas the ovary of the new species has three almost oval and compact lobes. The African record of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[556,671,1289,1312]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crenata">
<emphasis box="[556,671,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. crenata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[183,334,1322,1345]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornix">
<emphasis box="[183,334,1322,1345]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Corvus cornix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) (
<taxonomicName box="[394,495,1322,1345]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Corvidae</taxonomicName>
) in 
<collectingCountry box="[535,599,1322,1345]" name="Egypt" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Krabbe, H." journalOrPublisher="Videskabelige Selskab Skrifter, 5. Raekhe, Naturvidenskabelig og Mathematisk Afdel" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" pagination="249 - 363" part="8" refId="ref10148" refString="Krabbe, H. (1869). Bidrag til Kundskab om Fuglenes Baendelorme. Videskabelige Selskab Skrifter, 5. Raekhe, Naturvidenskabelig og Mathematisk Afdel, 8, 249 - 363." title="Bidrag til Kundskab om Fuglenes Baendelorme" type="journal article" year="1869">Krabbe, 1869</bibRefCitation>
). This species differs significantly from our material by its rostellar hooks, which are 
<quantity box="[587,699,1387,1411]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="20.0">20–26 µm</quantity>
long and their shape is similar to fraternoid. The African record of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[346,459,1455,1478]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stylosa">
<emphasis box="[346,459,1455,1478]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. stylosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from 
<taxonomicName authority="(Verreaux &amp; Verreaux)" authorityName="Verreaux &amp; Verreaux" baseAuthorityName="Verreaux &amp; Verreaux" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Aves" family="Pycnonotidae" genus="Baeopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Baeopogon indicator</emphasis>
(Verreaux &amp; Verreaux)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[487,636,1488,1511]" class="Aves" family="Pycnonotidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pycnonotidae</taxonomicName>
) from 
<collectingCountry box="[125,545,1521,1544]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">the Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Southwell, T. &amp; Lake, F." journalOrPublisher="Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" pagination="107 - 123" part="33" refId="ref11402" refString="Southwell, T., &amp; Lake, F. (1939). On a collection of Cestoda from the Belgian Congo. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 33, 107 - 123." title="On a collection of Cestoda from the Belgian Congo" type="journal article" year="1939">Southwell &amp; Lake, 1939</bibRefCitation>
). This species differs from the specimens from 
<collectingCountry box="[184,275,1587,1610]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
by the arcuatoid shape of its hooks. As was mentioned above, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Rudolphi" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[392,503,1621,1644]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stylosa">
<emphasis box="[392,503,1621,1644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. stylosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the specimens from 
<collectingCountry box="[303,394,1654,1677]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
by its multilobate ovary.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="286" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="7.[760,1334,159,349]" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">
The specimens studied differ from the remaining 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya" authorityYear="1954" box="[760,890,193,216]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[760,890,193,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Passerilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. by the length of the rostellar hooks (
<tableCitation box="[767,851,226,249]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[125,180,164,183]" captionText="Table 1 Species of the genus Passerilepis Spasskii &amp; Spasskaya, 1954 and length of their rostellar hooks. The list is sorted by the length of the hooks" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[760,1334,159,349]" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">
Based on the above-mentioned differences, we recognise the specimens from 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[1094,1304,292,315]" class="Aves" family="Monarchidae" genus="Terpsiphone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis box="[1094,1304,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Terpsiphone viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry box="[760,851,325,348]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
as a new species, 
<taxonomicName authority="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva, 2019" authorityName="Dimitrova &amp; Georgiev &amp; Vasileva" authorityYear="2019" box="[1050,1175,326,349]" class="Cestoda" family="Hymenolepididae" genus="Passerilepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zimbebel" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[1050,1175,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="286">P. zimbebel</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1183,1240,325,348]" pageId="7" pageNumber="286" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>