257 lines
26 KiB
XML
257 lines
26 KiB
XML
|
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118" ID-PMC="PMC5704199" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-713-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B" ID-PubMed="29187791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1149978" ID-ZooBank="1552B2A9DC99484592CFE68920C8427E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-713-25" checkinTime="1509722118193" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kamimura, Yoshitaka & Ferreira, Rodrigo L." docDate="2017" docId="715FCB20AF6D5E989919AB36D9234B54" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 713: 25-52" docOrigin="ZooKeys 713" docPubDate="2017-11-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118" docTitle="Cylindrogaster sp. 1" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B" masterDocTitle="Earwigs from Brazilian caves, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1668165092406" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title>Earwigs from Brazilian caves, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta)</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart>Kamimura, Yoshitaka</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Keio University, 4 - 1 - 1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223 - 8521, Japan</mods:affiliation>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kamimura@fbc.keio.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart>Ferreira, Rodrigo L.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Center of Studies in Subterranean Biology, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras, CEP 37200 - 000 Lavras (MG), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number>2017-11-02</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number>713</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:start>25</mods:start>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:end>52</mods:end>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118</mods:url>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-713-25</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1552B2A9DC99484592CFE68920C8427E</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1149978</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|||
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182230341" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:715FCB20AF6D5E989919AB36D9234B54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/715FCB20AF6D5E989919AB36D9234B54" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="30">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName LSID="715FCB20-AF6D-5E98-9919-AB36D9234B54" authority="sp. 1" authorityName="sp. 1" class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cylindrogaster sp. 1</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Figs 12-17</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="31">
|
|||
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="31" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
|
|||
|
|
examined.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="31">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-10-10" collectorName="Ferreira, RL" country="ISLA" location="ISLA" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
, Gruta
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Túneis">Tuneis</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
, Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate value="2011-10-10">10.x.2011</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName>Ferreira, RL</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
leg. (
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Iceland">ISLA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
43365)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="32" type="association with caves">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
|||
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="32" start="start">Association</pageBreakToken>
|
|||
|
|
with caves.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">The female specimen was collected near the entrance of a cave of the Sumidouro state park, located in Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais state. Numerous nymphs presumably belonging to this species were observed throughout the years, especially on the cave walls in areas close to entrances, in the limestone caves of this region. Therefore, it is possible that this species uses the caves as a protected habitat during its development, but leaves the caves when reaching adulthood. They probably prey upon small invertebrates that are found on the walls near the entrances.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="32" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Description and remarks.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
|||
|
|
In this study, two adult females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
were examined. Based on differences in body size and genital structures (see below), these two females are not conspecific. The characteristics for species diagnosis have not been established for female
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp. In addition, because the collection localities of both female samples (from Minas Gerais and
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
states, respectively) are quite far from the type locality of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. cavernicola" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="cavernicola">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">C. cavernicola</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n. (Rio Grande do Norte state), these female samples are tentatively treated as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 1 (Figs
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">12-17</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 2 (Figs
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">18-21</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) in this study.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1152436" doi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" start="Figures 12–22" startId="F2">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Figures 12-22.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">12-17</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 1 (female): habitus (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">12</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">13</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), wing base of the left hindwing (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">14</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), and genital regions (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">15-17</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">18-21</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 2 (female): habitus (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">18</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">19</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), fustis of the left hindwing (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">20</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
), and genital regions (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">21</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">22</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">12, 18</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
; 0.5 mm for Figs
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">13-15, 19-22</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
; 200
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
for Figs
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">16, 17</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
|||
|
|
Wing and female genital structures have not been reported for any members of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The female genital region of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp.1 is characterized by having shorter gonapophysis VIII (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">gp8)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
than gonapophysis IX (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">gp9)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, which was slightly shorter than the finger-like gonoplac IX (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">gl9</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) (Figs
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">15-17</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
|||
|
|
The spermatheca of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 1 consisted of long thin tubes (Fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">17</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) without sclerotized or pigmented spermathecal capsules. In the infraorder
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" infraOrder="Protodermaptera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" rank="infraOrder">Protodermaptera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pygidicranidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
or sometimes referred to as basal dermapterans), the number of spermatheca and internal branches vary both inter- and intraspecifically (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05198.x" author="Popham, EJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="22" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 43" refId="B72" refString="Popham, EJ, 1965a. The functional morphology of the reproductive organs of the common earwig (Forficula auricularia) and other Dermaptera with reference to the natural classification of the order. Journal of Zoology 146: 1 - 43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05198.x" title="The functional morphology of the reproductive organs of the common earwig (Forficula auricularia) and other Dermaptera with reference to the natural classification of the order." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05198.x" volume="146" year="1965 a">Popham 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Klass, K-D" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Abhandlungen" pageId="21" pageNumber="46" pagination="173 - 225" publicationUrl="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/arthropodsystematics/ea_61_2/ea_61_2-173-225_klass.pdf" refId="B55" refString="Klass, K-D, 2003. The female genitalic region in basal earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera: Pygidicranidae s.l.). Entomologische Abhandlungen 61: 173 - 225, http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/arthropodsystematics/ea_61_2/ea_61_2-173-225_klass.pdf" title="The female genitalic region in basal earwigs (Insecta: Dermaptera: Pygidicranidae s. l.)." url="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/arthropodsystematics/ea_61_2/ea_61_2-173-225_klass.pdf" volume="61" year="2003">Klass 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836903004370" author="Kamimura, Y" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="21" pageNumber="46" pagination="37 - 46" refId="B44" refString="Kamimura, Y, 2004. Mating behaviour and insemination in Diplatys flavicollis, an earwig with double-barreled penises and a variable number of female sperm-storage organs. Journal of Zoology 262: 37 - 46, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836903004370" title="Mating behaviour and insemination in Diplatys flavicollis, an earwig with double-barreled penises and a variable number of female sperm-storage organs." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836903004370" volume="262" year="2004">Kamimura 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). However, poor specimen quality prevented characterization of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 1 spermatheca.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
|||
|
|
According to Hass and
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kukalová-Peck">Kukalova-Peck</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
(2001),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Diplatyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diplatyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Diplatyidae" genus="Diplatys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diplatys" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Diplatys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Haplodiplatyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Haplodiplatyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Haplodiplatyidae" genus="Haplodiplatys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haplodiplatys" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Haplodiplatys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) are separated from other members of the infraorder
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraOrder="Protodermaptera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" rank="infraOrder">Protodermaptera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
by the presence of (1) a narrow, slender, and elongated fustis head, (2) a long and slender costal area, (3) a concave and strongly three-dimensional anojugal arm (FAJ: anojugal fulcalare), (4) the distal end of CuA3+4 (cubitus anterior 3 and 4) lying between the 8th and 9th branches of AP1+2 (anal posterior 1 and 2), and (5) two proximal branches of AP1+2 diverging close together. The characteristics unique to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Diplatyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diplatyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Haplodiplatyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Haplodiplatyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(1-3) were observed in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 1 (Fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">14</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The latter two traits were not observed as the poor quality of the specimen prevented opening of the wings.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
|||
|
|
The genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Haplodiplatyidae" genus="Haplodiplatys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haplodiplatys" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Haplodiplatys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Haplodiplatyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Haplodiplatyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) is characterized by multiple plesiomorphic features, including laterally symmetrical tegmina and absence of a spiny ridge (a component of the tegmina-locking device) on the dorsal side of the mesothorax (Hass and
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kukalová-Peck">Kukalova-Peck</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
2001). The female sample of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. 1, however, possessed well-developed spiny ridges (Fig.
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">13</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), similar to those in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Diplatyidae" genus="Diplatys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diplatys" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Diplatys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp. (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Diplatyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Dermaptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diplatyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|