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<document id="BE1AAF40173A4BF4280AE3887784F0B0" ID-DOI="10.35463/j.apr.2023.01.05" ID-ISSN="1842-371x" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12582895" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1719584952343" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="SCHLAGINTWEIT, FELIX" docDate="2023" docId="241687887C3F697DFCFC0F803E5AFA3D" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolRom.19.1.45-52.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae 19 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2023.01.05" docStyle="DocumentStyle:CA474AAD92E97C533D63E0C5C0F159F1.1:ActaPalaeontolRom.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="CA474AAD92E97C533D63E0C5C0F159F1" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolRom.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Palorbitolinoides hedini Cherchi & Schroeder 1980" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="D82FFFF07C3E697FFFCC08493B6EFFFD" masterDocTitle="Annular Chambers In Cretaceous Orbitolinidae (Larger Benthic Foraminifera): An Overview" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1719585610702" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="850D1B747E8179DB2EBB8D688C752AF4">Annular Chambers In Cretaceous Orbitolinidae (Larger Benthic Foraminifera): An Overview</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06611F047C738DAD5F5317325D1F1AC1">SCHLAGINTWEIT, FELIX</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6A031518456408EC0DCCCF2F071E51C6">Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AAF6CC1E0133B2D08779B0BED2DEF7C9">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="E3AA9493BD487245D89B79EFB7F06AF2" type="ISSN">1842-371x</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="241687887C3F697DFCFC0F803E5AFA3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:241687887C3F697DFCFC0F803E5AFA3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/241687887C3F697DFCFC0F803E5AFA3D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="E4A565157C3F697EFCFC0F803E19F81C" box="[816,1399,1993,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AC00369E7C3F697EFCFC0F803E19F81C" blockId="1.[816,1399,1827,2050]" box="[816,1399,1993,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="F74881F27C3F697EFCFC0F803E19F81C" box="[816,1399,1993,2017]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="6BBF4D1D7C3F697EFCFC0F803E19F81C" ID-CoL="836HJ" authority="Cherchi & Schroeder, 1980" authorityName="Cherchi & Schroeder" authorityYear="1980" box="[816,1399,1993,2017]" class="Globothalamea" family="Orbitolinidae" genus="Palorbitolinoides" kingdom="Chromista" order="Loftusiida" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hedini">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3F697EFCFC0F803E19F81C" bold="true" box="[816,1399,1993,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3F697EFCFC0F803F56F81C" bold="true" box="[816,1080,1993,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Palorbitolinoides hedini</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3F697EFB8C0F803E19F81C" author="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R." box="[1088,1399,1993,2017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" pagination="385 - 388" refId="ref5013" refString="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R., 1980. Palorbitolinoides hedini n. gen. n. sp., grand foraminifere du Cretace inferieur du Tibet meridional. Comptes rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Ser. D 291: 385 - 388." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherchi & Schroeder, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E4A565157C3F697DFCFC0FA33976FAE7" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph id="AC00369E7C3F697EFCFC0FA338FFF7FF" blockId="1.[816,1399,1827,2050]" box="[816,913,2026,2050]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<figureCitation id="34842A1B7C3F697EFCFC0FA33800F7FF" box="[816,878,2026,2050]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[214,249,1067,1088]" captionTargetBox="[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetId="figure-732@2.[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2 Annular chambers in Palorbitolinoides hedini Cherchi & Schroeder from the middle Albian Kazhdumi Formation of southwestern Iran. a Reflexed conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12k–l). Early uniserial post-embryonic chambers marked in orange. b–c Low conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12i–j) completely formed by annular post-embryonic chambers, so that the embryo base marks the test base. d High covexo-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12r); compare to the specimen of Pseudorbitolina schroederi Luger shown in Fig. 3d." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12582899/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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a-d
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F8C066167C3C697DFF1A0C62382BFB4A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12582899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12582899/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" startId="2.[214,249,1067,1088]" targetBox="[214,1410,152,1025]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="AC00369E7C3C697DFF1A0C62382BFB4A" blockId="2.[214,1410,1066,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFF1A0C623A7EFBBD" bold="true" box="[214,272,1067,1088]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2</emphasis>
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Annular chambers in
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<taxonomicName id="6BBF4D1D7C3C697DFE240C6338C8FBBD" authority="Cherchi & Schroeder" authorityName="Cherchi & Schroeder" authorityYear="1980" box="[488,934,1066,1088]" class="Globothalamea" family="Orbitolinidae" genus="Palorbitolinoides" kingdom="Chromista" order="Loftusiida" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hedini">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFE240C6339BDFBBD" box="[488,723,1066,1088]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Palorbitolinoides hedini</emphasis>
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Cherchi & Schroeder
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</taxonomicName>
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from the middle Albian Kazhdumi Formation of southwestern Iran.
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFE580C003ACEFBA3" bold="true" box="[404,416,1097,1118]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">a</emphasis>
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Reflexed conico-concave test (
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFD170C013809FBA3" author="Henson, F. R. S." box="[731,871,1096,1118]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref5347" refString="Henson, F. R. S., 1948. Larger imperforate Foraminifera of south-western Asia. Families Lituolidae, Orbitolinidae and Meandropsinidae. London, Monograph British Museum (Natural History): 1 - 127." type="book chapter" year="1948">Henson, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 12k–l). Early uniserial post-embryonic chambers marked in orange.
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFE430C2F3ADAFB86" bold="true" box="[399,436,1126,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">b–c</emphasis>
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Low conico-concave test (
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFD700C2F3829FB81" author="Henson, F. R. S." box="[700,839,1126,1148]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref5347" refString="Henson, F. R. S., 1948. Larger imperforate Foraminifera of south-western Asia. Families Lituolidae, Orbitolinidae and Meandropsinidae. London, Monograph British Museum (Natural History): 1 - 127." type="book chapter" year="1948">Henson, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 12i–j) completely formed by annular post-embryonic chambers, so that the embryo base marks the test base.
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFD260CCD3999FB64" bold="true" box="[746,759,1156,1177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">d</emphasis>
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High covexo-concave test (
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFBC80CCD3FE3FB67" author="Henson, F. R. S." box="[1028,1165,1156,1178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref5347" refString="Henson, F. R. S., 1948. Larger imperforate Foraminifera of south-western Asia. Families Lituolidae, Orbitolinidae and Meandropsinidae. London, Monograph British Museum (Natural History): 1 - 127." type="book chapter" year="1948">Henson, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 12r); compare to the specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="6BBF4D1D7C3C697DFE9D0CE839F9FB4A" authority="Luger" authorityName="Luger" authorityYear="2018" box="[337,663,1185,1207]" class="Globothalamea" family="Orbitolinidae" genus="Pseudorbitolina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Loftusiida" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="schroederi">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFE9D0CE83936FB4A" box="[337,600,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Pseudorbitolina schroederi</emphasis>
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Luger
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</taxonomicName>
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shown in Fig. 3d.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="AC00369E7C3C697DFF5B0CA83976FAE7" blockId="2.[151,771,1249,2068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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*1980
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<taxonomicName id="6BBF4D1D7C3C697DFF280CA83A85FB04" authorityName="SCHLAGINTWEIT" authorityYear="2023" box="[228,491,1249,1273]" class="Globothalamea" family="Orbitolinidae" genus="Palorbitolinoides" kingdom="Chromista" order="Loftusiida" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hedini" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFF280CA83A85FB04" box="[228,491,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Palorbitolinoides hedini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="85F857F77C3C697DFE390CAB39E0FB04" box="[501,654,1250,1274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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– Cherchi & Schroeder, p. 385, pl. 1, figs. 1-5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E4A565157C3C697DFF5B0D6D3E5AFA3D" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="AC00369E7C3C697DFF5B0D6D3E5AFA3D" blockId="2.[151,771,1249,2068]" lastBlockId="2.[816,1437,1249,1472]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFF5B0D6D3A66FAC1" bold="true" box="[151,264,1316,1340]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Remarks:</emphasis>
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The following statements refer to the type-species
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<taxonomicName id="6BBF4D1D7C3C697DFF3E0D0D3BA1FA83" authority="Cherchi & Schroeder, 1980" authorityName="Cherchi & Schroeder" authorityYear="1980" class="Globothalamea" family="Orbitolinidae" genus="Palorbitolinoides" kingdom="Chromista" order="Loftusiida" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hedini">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFF3E0D0D3A90FAA1" box="[242,510,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Palorbitolinoides hedini</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFDC00D0C3BA1FA83" author="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R." pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="385 - 388" refId="ref5013" refString="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R., 1980. Palorbitolinoides hedini n. gen. n. sp., grand foraminifere du Cretace inferieur du Tibet meridional. Comptes rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Ser. D 291: 385 - 388." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherchi & Schroeder, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, first described from lower Albian strata of Tibet, but known to range younger (
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFE100DCE399AFA62" author="Schlagintweit, F. & Yazdi Moghadam, M. & Simmons, M." box="[476,756,1415,1439]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" refId="ref6246" refString="Schlagintweit, F., Yazdi Moghadam, M. & Simmons, M., 2022. The Palorbitolinoides event in the Kazhdumi Formation of south-west Iran and equivalent strata of the Arabian Plate: an expression of the K 100 middle Albian transgression. Marine Micropaleontology: article 102169." type="journal volume" year="2022">Schlagintweit et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
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). The genus is defined exclusively on the structure of the megalospheric embryo (
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFE510D8039BEFA1C" author="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R." box="[413,720,1481,1505]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="385 - 388" refId="ref5013" refString="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R., 1980. Palorbitolinoides hedini n. gen. n. sp., grand foraminifere du Cretace inferieur du Tibet meridional. Comptes rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Ser. D 291: 385 - 388." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherchi & Schroeder, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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). As in other orbitolinids, gross external test morphology is variable in
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<taxonomicName id="6BBF4D1D7C3C697DFED50E453A10F9DE" authorityName="Cherchi & Schroeder" authorityYear="1980" box="[281,382,1547,1571]" class="Globothalamea" family="Orbitolinidae" genus="Palorbitolinoides" kingdom="Chromista" order="Loftusiida" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hedini">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFED50E453A10F9DE" box="[281,382,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. hedini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and is therefore not of taxonomic significance (
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<figureCitation id="34842A1B7C3C697DFEEB0E653AE8F9B9" box="[295,390,1580,1604]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[214,249,1067,1088]" captionTargetBox="[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetId="figure-732@2.[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2 Annular chambers in Palorbitolinoides hedini Cherchi & Schroeder from the middle Albian Kazhdumi Formation of southwestern Iran. a Reflexed conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12k–l). Early uniserial post-embryonic chambers marked in orange. b–c Low conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12i–j) completely formed by annular post-embryonic chambers, so that the embryo base marks the test base. d High covexo-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12r); compare to the specimen of Pseudorbitolina schroederi Luger shown in Fig. 3d." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12582899/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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). The specimens studied herein are from distinctive beds of the middle Albian Kazhdumi Formation of southwestern
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<collectingCountry id="D4A8760E7C3C697DFDCB0E26395CF97B" box="[519,562,1647,1670]" name="Iran" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(Zagros Zone) (
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFF520EC63AAAF95A" author="Schlagintweit, F. & Yazdi Moghadam, M. & Simmons, M." box="[158,452,1679,1703]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" refId="ref6246" refString="Schlagintweit, F., Yazdi Moghadam, M. & Simmons, M., 2022. The Palorbitolinoides event in the Kazhdumi Formation of south-west Iran and equivalent strata of the Arabian Plate: an expression of the K 100 middle Albian transgression. Marine Micropaleontology: article 102169." type="journal volume" year="2022">Schlagintweit et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
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). Morphologically, they are mostly low-conical to almost discoidal, corresponding to the convexo-concave and conico-concave types with or without reflexed chamber margins (
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFDE20EBA39A3F8F6" author="Henson, F. R. S." box="[558,717,1779,1803]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref5347" refString="Henson, F. R. S., 1948. Larger imperforate Foraminifera of south-western Asia. Families Lituolidae, Orbitolinidae and Meandropsinidae. London, Monograph British Museum (Natural History): 1 - 127." type="book chapter" year="1948">Henson, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 12). In some specimens, the large-sized apical embryo is followed by a few uniserial chambers with distinct convex apertural faces due to the embracement of the embryo (
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<figureCitation id="34842A1B7C3C697DFF520F3E3A45F872" box="[158,299,1911,1935]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[214,249,1067,1088]" captionTargetBox="[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetId="figure-732@2.[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2 Annular chambers in Palorbitolinoides hedini Cherchi & Schroeder from the middle Albian Kazhdumi Formation of southwestern Iran. a Reflexed conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12k–l). Early uniserial post-embryonic chambers marked in orange. b–c Low conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12i–j) completely formed by annular post-embryonic chambers, so that the embryo base marks the test base. d High covexo-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12r); compare to the specimen of Pseudorbitolina schroederi Luger shown in Fig. 3d." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12582899/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figure 2a, d</figureCitation>
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). The rest of the test consists of annular chambers (compare
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<figureCitation id="34842A1B7C3C697DFE4C0FD13AA0F84D" box="[384,462,1944,1968]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[366,401,1406,1427]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,155,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-400@1.[185,1403,155,1364]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1 Examples for the terminology of chamber morphology (modified from Rat, 1963). Annular chambers in f-g and j are marked in gray." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12582897/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Fig. 1j</figureCitation>
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). However, there are also specimens where the embryo is immediately followed by annular chambers (
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<figureCitation id="34842A1B7C3C697DFEAB0F933A87F80F" box="[359,489,2010,2034]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[214,249,1067,1088]" captionTargetBox="[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetId="figure-732@2.[214,1410,152,1025]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2 Annular chambers in Palorbitolinoides hedini Cherchi & Schroeder from the middle Albian Kazhdumi Formation of southwestern Iran. a Reflexed conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12k–l). Early uniserial post-embryonic chambers marked in orange. b–c Low conico-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12i–j) completely formed by annular post-embryonic chambers, so that the embryo base marks the test base. d High covexo-concave test (Henson, 1948, fig. 12r); compare to the specimen of Pseudorbitolina schroederi Luger shown in Fig. 3d." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12582899/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figure 2b–c</figureCitation>
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). In these mostly flat discoidal specimens, the base of the embryo corresponds to the base of the test. The test of the
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<typeStatus id="7304883C7C3C697DFB7F0CA83E7EFB04" box="[1203,1296,1249,1273]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="6BBF4D1D7C3C697DFCFC0D4A38FAFAE7" authorityName="Cherchi & Schroeder" authorityYear="1980" box="[816,916,1282,1306]" class="Globothalamea" family="Orbitolinidae" genus="Palorbitolinoides" kingdom="Chromista" order="Loftusiida" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hedini">
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<emphasis id="9ECBEA8C7C3C697DFCFC0D4A38FAFAE7" box="[816,916,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">P. hedini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shown in pl. 1, fig. 5 of
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<bibRefCitation id="C82E4B6F7C3C697DFB780D4B3816FAC1" author="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R." pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="385 - 388" refId="ref5013" refString="Cherchi, A. & Schroeder, R., 1980. Palorbitolinoides hedini n. gen. n. sp., grand foraminifere du Cretace inferieur du Tibet meridional. Comptes rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Ser. D 291: 385 - 388." type="journal article" year="1980">Cherchi & Schroeder (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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is comparably thick (about 2.5 times the height of the embryo) with numerous chambers with convex apertural faces in most chambers. In the latest part, the chambers are sigmoseptal (
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<figureCitation id="34842A1B7C3C697DFBD00DCE3FEAFA62" box="[1052,1156,1415,1439]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[366,401,1406,1427]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,155,1364]" captionTargetId="figure-400@1.[185,1403,155,1364]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1 Examples for the terminology of chamber morphology (modified from Rat, 1963). Annular chambers in f-g and j are marked in gray." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12582897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12582897/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figure 1e</figureCitation>
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), and the presence of any annular chambers is not discernible and unclear.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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