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<document id="F2E283031291999855AD498C9FE13D15" ID-CLB-Dataset="24997" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d366d4d7-624a-45e0-8153-48501605164e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3527311" ID-ZooBank="BA589AC9-5778-4CB8-BB34-1CEB740E18FE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572857657192" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Natarajan, R." docDate="2019" docId="D2363563406DFF8BFF30FF40FB13FA59" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4691.3.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4691 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paraedes jambulingami Natarajan 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="290" masterDocId="2E0F4D1B406CFF8FFFA7FFD9FF96FFBE" masterDocTitle="Description of a new species of the genus Paraedes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Assam, India" masterLastPageNumber="292" masterPageNumber="286" pageNumber="287" updateTime="1698761793100" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C7283CF13A7AE0D1B0FA676F87A1FE78">
<mods:title id="C5EFF17990EB5F6AAB12927E1DDACE84">Description of a new species of the genus Paraedes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Assam, India</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="DF8A6741CDB0EF15F7BA3C72EB9C2001" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7DEF9A6E4AF4A4EE47309B9FFA5F49E9">Natarajan, R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B19C0FFCAD4D1C649F4E7935E3802BB9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7948FC015FC8BB9D7079E7E24B698505">
<mods:date id="29C5BF2DC143FBD954D157F132B3135C">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AC2E5DD3EA41D79259BFC21B237D07D0" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E06FF62D72C3EEE883CE14767EAC75DC">2019-10-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3B84834839042CA34BFBC23F09462D79">4691</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="E654A6A12E6DEA6838318B417FA9699C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BB92012916F5E0295DF204C0A64B844F" type="CLB-Dataset">24997</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="43D96AA9BF395D6CD2A9EF567AF833E7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6B9AAE32C86BE3A3FAB5CC3AC302FF79" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D2363563406DFF8BFF30FF40FB13FA59" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160126820" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2363563406DFF8BFF30FF40FB13FA59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D2363563406DFF8BFF30FF40FB13FA59" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">
<subSubSection id="1285D7FE406DFF8EFF30FF40FD97FF0A" box="[151,513,153,180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="287" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5A208475406DFF8EFF30FF40FD97FF0A" blockId="1.[151,513,153,180]" box="[151,513,153,180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">
<heading id="01683319406DFF8EFF30FF40FD97FF0A" bold="true" box="[151,513,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="287" reason="1">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFF30FF40FD97FF0A" bold="true" box="[151,513,153,180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName id="9D9FFFF6406DFF8EFF30FF40FE21FF0A" ID-CoL="9HMR9" authority="Natarajan, 2019" authorityName="Natarajan" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,439,153,180]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Paraedes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jambulingami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFF30FF40FE21FF0A" bold="true" box="[151,439,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Paraedes jambulingami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="73D8E51C406DFF8EFE19FF43FD97FF0A" box="[446,513,154,180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="287" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1285D7FE406DFF8BFF30FF38FD92FC75" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="1" pageNumber="287" type="description">
<paragraph id="5A208475406DFF8EFF30FF38FB9DFA7A" blockId="1.[151,1437,225,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFF30FF38FEB7FF42" bold="true" box="[151,289,225,252]" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Description</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFE88FF38FEFFFF45" box="[303,361,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFED1FF38FE25FF45" box="[374,435,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A–F).
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFDA7FF38FDABFF45" box="[512,573,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Head</emphasis>
: Antenna brown, equal to length to proboscis, lightly verticillate, pedicel dark brown with a few short fine setae and small dark scales mesally; maxillary palpus 0.10 length of proboscis; clypeus pale brown; proboscis about equal to length of forefemur; vertex completely covered with dark brown scales; occiput with a few short dark brown erect forked scales; interocular and ocular setae dark brown and well developed, narrow pale brown scales on ocular line.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFDC2FEA8FD20FE35" box="[613,694,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Thorax</emphasis>
: Scutal integument dark brown; scutum covered with narrow reddish-brown curved scales except for narrow curved golden scales on anterior promontory and anterior scutal fossal area; scutellum with small patch of narrow reddish-brown curved scales on each lobe, 4 setae on midlobe, 2,3 setae on each lateral lobe; antepronotum covered with narrow pale brown scales, 6 dark setae; postpronotum dark brown with a few broad translucent scales posteriorly; pleural integument pale brown; propleuron with patch of silverywhite scales, 8 setae; paratergite with broad golden-brown scales (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFCDBFDFCFC42FD81" box="[892,980,549,575]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
); mesokatepisternum with large patch of broad silvery-white scales on upper area and small patch of similar scales on lower area, 4 golden setae on upper area; prealar knob with 3,4 dark setae; mesepimeron with large patch of broad silvery-white scales, 3,4 golden setae.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFF61FD4BFF6DFD15" box="[198,251,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Legs</emphasis>
: Coxae with numerous setae, anterior surface of forecoxa with broad pale brown scales and silvery-white scales dorsally; mid- and hindcoxae each with small patch of broad silvery-white scales on anterior surface; femora with brown scales on anterior surfaces; hindfemur with a long ventral patch of broad pale scales which becomes narrower distally and ends preapically; fore- and midungues unequal in size and simple; hindungues equal in size and simple, smaller than the fore- and midungues.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFD7EFCFBFC85FC85" box="[729,787,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Wing</emphasis>
: Dorsal and ventral surfaces of veins dark-brown scaled; costa without pale scales.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFE1BFC9CFDB0FCE1" box="[444,550,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Terga dark brown-scaled, terga II–VII with small basolateral patches of white scales; sterna white-scaled.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFE75FCB0FDAAFC3D" box="[466,572,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Genitalia</emphasis>
: Tergum IX moderately pigmented, bilobed, with 3 setae on each lobe (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFAC8FCB0FF2DFC19" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
); gonocoxite (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFEC7FC54FE21FC19" box="[352,439,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) pigmented, tergal surface with long setae on distal 0.5, numerous short setae on mesal area and irregular rows of setae on proximal 0.75 of tergomesal margin, setae short distally and increase in length proximally, lateral surface with a few long and short setae, sternal surface with subapical rows of about 25–32 moderately long setae and a few short setae on mesal margin, lateral surface and lateral areas of tergal and sternal surfaces covered with minute spicules, scales absent; gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFC35FBC4FB86FB86" box="[914,1040,1053,1080]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
) about 0.75 length of gonocoxite, pedicel narrow, distal portion bifid, inner arm large, flattened, rectangular, apex bluntly rounded, a patch of spicules forming file-like ridges, a row of 4 stout setae along inner margin of patch, 5 delicate setae along outer margin, 5 short setae on distal margin, other arm about equal length of inner arm, curved sternomesad, club-shaped, outer margin with ridges of spicules; basal mesal lobe (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFD60FB74FC8AFB79" box="[711,796,1197,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) divided at base into 2 long arms, dorsal arm with distal 0.5 narrower, curved tergally and with 3 moderately long hook-like seta at apex, proximal 0.5 somewhat flattened and covered with numerous long spicules, outer arm somewhat flattened and forked on distal 0.5, a rod-like outer extension with a strong moderately long seta, a long flattened tergally curved blade-like seta and a large flattened, fimbriated, apically curved and pointed mesal extension; phallosome with aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFBEEFAE4FB0CFAE9" box="[1097,1178,1341,1367]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
) divided into 2 heavily pigmented lateral, basally connected plates, each plate with 1,2 long basomesal teeth, distal portion of each plate blunt at apex, a lightly pigmented dorsal flap covering lateral plates, paramere moderately broad, about length of aedeagus; sternum IX (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFE3CFA70FE78FA7D" box="[411,494,1449,1475]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
) moderately pigmented, with 2 long stout setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A208475406DFF8BFF60FA14FDD4FC19" blockId="1.[151,1437,225,2016]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,1511]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFF60FA14FE8DFA59" box="[199,283,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFE8CFA14FE3FFA56" box="[299,425,1485,1512]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1G, H</figureCitation>
). Essentially as in male, however the scale patterns on head, thorax and legs, and the thoracic setae differ remarkably from the male. The following characters differ from those of the male.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFB53FA28FAA7F9B5" box="[1268,1329,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Head</emphasis>
: Antenna dark brown, longer than proboscis, pedicel golden brown with a few small broad scales and curved short fine brown setae mesally, flagellomere 1 with a few small brown scales; vertex covered with dark brown scales and a triangular patch of narrow curved golden scales on median posterior area, rarely with few broad dark brown scales in triangular patch; ocular line and interocular space with narrow curved golden scales, lateral surface covered with broad dark brown scales and with a small patch of broad white scales anterior to antepronotum and posterior to eye margin; occiput with numerous dark brown and golden erect forked scales; interocular and ocular setae dark brown and well developed.
<emphasis id="68EB5867406DFF8EFEB0F934FEFEF8B9" box="[279,360,1773,1799]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Thorax</emphasis>
: Scutal integument reddish brown; scutum covered with narrow curved brown and golden scales, a small patch on anterior promontory, a line of narrow curved golden scales from anterior promontory to scutal angle (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFF07F8ECFF6EF8F1" box="[160,248,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
), a narrow stripe on acrostichal area from anterior promontory to prescutellar bare space at which it forks to form a narrow line along lateral margins, scales forming an indistinct narrow stripe on dorsocentral area, a small to median-sized patch on supraalar area; scutal setae dark, 2,3 on anterior promontory, dorsomedial setae present, which are stronger posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="C2A498F0406DFF8EFE54F878FDDCF805" box="[499,586,1953,1979]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" captionTargetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[226,1362,166,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paraedes jambulingami. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax.AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
), 1–3 anterior and 1,2 lateral setae on scutal fossa, numerous supraalar setae; scutellum with patch of narrow curved golden scales on each lobe, 3–6 strong and 1–3 delegate setae on median lobe, 2–6 strong and 2–4 delegate setae on each lateral lobe; pleural integument dark reddish brown; antepronotum with a patch of narrow curved golden scales, 6–12 dark setae; postpronotum with narrow curved reddish-brown scales on dorsal and posterior areas, 3–5 dark posterior setae; upper proepisternum with patch of broad white scales, 3–5 golden scales; paratergite with a patch of broad silvery-white to broad golden-brown scales, one specimen with 2,3 narrow pale scales along with broad scales; postspiracular area with a few broad white scales, 3–5 dark setae on posterior margin; mesokatepisternum with a large patch of broad silvery-white scales on upper area and small patch of similar scales on lower area, 3–5 dark setae on upper area and 6–11 setae on posterior area, 1,2 setae strong, lower setae short and pale; mesepimeron with large patch of broad white scales and patch of 5–12 short setae dorsal to scales.
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFF4FFE63FE8BFE6D" box="[232,285,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Legs</emphasis>
: Coxae with several setae and broad silvery-white scales; fore- and midfemora with dark brown scales on anterior surface, hindfemur with brown scales on anterior surface and broad pale-scaled stripe on ventral 0.65; posttarsi each with 2 ungues, fore- and midungues equal in size and with tooth, hindungues equal in size and simple (equal in size and with tooth in
<specimenCount id="4C994FFC4068FF8BFE5BFDFCFD1AFDFE" box="[508,652,549,576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
).
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFD39FDFFFD4EFD81" box="[670,728,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Wing</emphasis>
: Veins dark brown-scaled on dorsal and ventral surfaces; costa without patch of white scales; alula with narrow dark brown scales on margin; upper calypter with number of slen- der dark setae on margin.
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFE1EFDB4FDB5FD39" box="[441,547,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Terga I–VII dark brown-scaled and with a large patch of white scales on basolateral area; sterna II–VII with white band in proximal area and dark band apically.
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFB9CFD48FB33FD15" box="[1083,1189,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Genitalia</emphasis>
: Tergum VIII without scales, proximal margin medially concave, posterior margin straight, numerous setae scattered over posterior area; sternum VIII also without scales, posterior margin with a moderately deep median indentation and a small lobe on each side of midline, short setae on caudal area; tergum IX with a small median indentation and 4,5 short setae on each side of midline; insula with 4–6 small setae; lower vaginal lip with numerous minute to short spicules; upper vaginal lip with vaginal sclerite moderately pigmented; postgenital lobe with moderately deep median indentation and 5–7 setae on each side of midline; cercus with 2 long stout setae at apex, dorsal surface with number of short setae; one large spermathecal capsule.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0EE0D4FD406EFF8DFF30F8AEFA1AF845" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527313" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3527313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527313/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="288" startId="2.[151,250,1911,1936]" targetBox="[248,1359,187,1874]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="5A208475406EFF8DFF30F8AEFA1AF845" blockId="2.[151,1436,1911,2044]" pageId="2" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406EFF8DFF30F8AEFE9BF82E" bold="true" box="[151,269,1911,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="288">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="9D9FFFF6406EFF8DFEBDF8AEFD9BF831" authorityName="Natarajan" authorityYear="2019" box="[282,525,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Paraedes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jambulingami">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406EFF8DFEBDF8AEFD9BF831" box="[282,525,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="288">Paraedes jambulingami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A–F, Male genitalia: A, Distal portion of male gonocoxite; B, gonostylus; C, basal mesal lobe; D, terga IX and X and paraproct; E, sternum IX; F, phallosome. G,H, Female: G, dorsal aspect of thorax; H, lateral aspect of thorax. AcSc, acrostichal scale line; Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; DS, dorsocentral setae; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; Pa, paratergite; Par, paramere; Pha, phallosome; Ppr, paraproct; IX-S, sternum IX; IX-Te, tergum IX; X-Te, tergum X.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="0EE0D4FD406FFF8CFF30F803FCE4F84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3527315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3527315" box="[151,882,2010,2035]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3527315/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="289" startId="3.[151,250,2010,2035]" targetBox="[163,1420,175,1978]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="5A208475406FFF8CFF30F803FCE4F84D" blockId="3.[151,882,2010,2035]" box="[151,882,2010,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406FFF8CFF30F803FE85F84D" bold="true" box="[151,275,2010,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="289">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Distributions of the species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="9D9FFFF6406FFF8CFD11F802FC80F84D" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1934" box="[694,790,2011,2035]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Paraedes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="68EB5867406FFF8CFD11F802FC80F84D" box="[694,790,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="289">Paraedes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in India.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5A2084754068FF8BFF60FC6BFD92FC75" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1511]" box="[199,516,945,971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFF60FC6BFE16FC75" box="[199,384,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Immature stages</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1285D7FE4068FF8BFF60FC0CFEF0FA8D" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="5A2084754068FF8BFF60FC0CFABFFB89" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFF60FC0CFED8FC51" bold="true" box="[199,334,981,1007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Etymology.</emphasis>
It is a pleasure to dedicate this species to Dr. Purushothaman Jambulingam, former Director, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre,
<collectingCountry id="2288C4E54068FF8BFDF9FC20FD76FBAD" box="[606,736,1017,1043]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Puducherry</collectingCountry>
, for his co-operation, encouragement, granting permission for the study on mosquito biodiversity in
<collectingCountry id="2288C4E54068FF8BFDE7FBC4FDECFB89" box="[576,634,1053,1079]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">India</collectingCountry>
and his constant support for me to learn mosquito taxonomy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A2084754068FF8BFF60FB99FEF0FA8D" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFF60FB99FE58FBE5" bold="true" box="[199,462,1088,1115]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFE7BFB98FD6EFBE5" box="[476,760,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="9D9FFFF64068FF8BFE7BFB98FD65FBE5" authorityName="Natarajan" authorityYear="2019" box="[476,755,1089,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Paraedes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jambulingami">Paraedes jambulingami</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="EAF78E284068FF8BFCA2FB98FA03FB1D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2446790554" collectorName="Natarajan" country="India" elevation="132" latitude="27.33989" location="Dibrugarh District" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="95.49039" municipality="Soraipung" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFCA2FB98FCFAFBE5" box="[773,876,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<typeStatus id="85243AD74068FF8BFCA2FB98FCFAFBE5" box="[773,876,1089,1115]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, male (A15657) with dissected male genitalia (G15657) and dissected posttarsi (all legs) on separate microscope slides:
<collectingCountry id="2288C4E54068FF8BFC4EFBBCFBABFBC1" box="[1001,1085,1125,1151]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">INDIA</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="5F40D2AE4068FF8BFBEEFBBCFA8AFBC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2363563406DFF8BFF30FF40FB13FA59:5F40D2AE4068FF8BFBEEFBBCFA8AFBC1" box="[1097,1308,1125,1151]" country="India" latitude="27.33989" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="95.49039" municipality="Soraipung" name="Dibrugarh District" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Dibrugarh District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="BA441E0F4068FF8BFA8EFBBCFA0AFBC1" box="[1321,1436,1125,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Soraipung</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3FABE2B24068FF8BFF38FB51FEA9FB1D" box="[159,319,1160,1187]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" precision="1" seconds="23.6" value="27.33989">27°20′23.6″N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="3FABE2B24068FF8BFEECFB51FE70FB1D" box="[331,486,1160,1187]" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" precision="1" seconds="25.4" value="95.49039">95°29′25.4″E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="D1B263464068FF8BFE54FB50FDEEFB1A" box="[499,632,1161,1188]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="132.0">
<quantity id="9D6729904068FF8BFE54FB50FDADFB1D" box="[499,571,1161,1187]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="132.0">132 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
), 26.08.200 5, resting on banks of stream margin, coll.
<collectorName id="F76AE1A34068FF8BFB4AFB50FACCFB1D" box="[1261,1370,1161,1187]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Natarajan</collectorName>
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFAC4FB53FA03FB1D" box="[1379,1429,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="EAF78E284068FF8BFF30FB77FEF7FA8D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2446790553" collectorName="Natarajan" country="India" county="The" elevation="132" latitude="27.33989" location="India" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="95.49039" municipality="Vector Control Mosquito Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="8" stateProvince="Puducherry" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFF30FB77FE9FFB79" box="[151,265,1198,1223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<typeStatus id="85243AD74068FF8BFF30FB77FE9FFB79" box="[151,265,1198,1223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, same data as holotype:
<specimenCount id="4C994FFC4068FF8BFD95FB74FD35FB79" box="[562,675,1197,1223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
(
<accessionNumber id="45CC19964068FF8BFD10FB75FC83FB79" box="[695,789,1196,1223]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A15651" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="EnaNcbi">A15651</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="45CC19964068FF8BFC84FB75FC16FB79" box="[803,896,1196,1223]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A15652" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="EnaNcbi">A15652</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="45CC19964068FF8BFC29FB75FC7DFB79" box="[910,1003,1196,1223]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A15654" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="EnaNcbi">A15654</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="45CC19964068FF8BFC5EFB75FBC1FB79" box="[1017,1111,1196,1223]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A15659" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="EnaNcbi">A15659</accessionNumber>
, A15660, A15661, A15662, A15663) with dissected posttarsi (all legs) and genitalia (G15651, G15652, G15654, G15660, G15661,G15662, G15663) on individual microscope slides.
<collectingCounty id="B341FCF94068FF8BFDDAFB2CFD3FFAB1" box="[637,681,1269,1295]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">The</collectingCounty>
type series is deposited in the
<collectingMunicipality id="BA441E0F4068FF8BFBA9FB2CFA0EFAB1" box="[1038,1432,1269,1295]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Vector Control Mosquito Museum</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="985B4A974068FF8BFF30FAC0FE8FFA8D" box="[151,281,1305,1331]" country="India" name="Puducherry" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Puducherry</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="5F40D2AE4068FF8BFE83FAC0FEF7FA8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2363563406DFF8BFF30FF40FB13FA59:5F40D2AE4068FF8BFE83FAC0FEF7FA8D" box="[292,353,1305,1331]" county="The" municipality="Vector Control Mosquito Museum" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Puducherry">India</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1285D7FE4068FF8BFF60FAE5FDCEFAC5" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5A2084754068FF8BFF60FAE5FDCEFAC5" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFF60FAE5FEF7FAE9" bold="true" box="[199,353,1340,1367]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9D9FFFF64068FF8BFECFFAE4FDE0FAE9" authorityName="Natarajan" authorityYear="2019" box="[360,630,1341,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Paraedes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jambulingami">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFECFFAE4FDE0FAE9" box="[360,630,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Paraedes jambulingami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from its
<typeStatus id="85243AD74068FF8BFC22FAE4FC23FAE9" box="[901,949,1341,1367]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">type</typeStatus>
locality in Soraipung,
<collectingRegion id="985B4A974068FF8BFB10FAE4FA90FAE9" box="[1207,1286,1341,1367]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Assam</collectingRegion>
, northeastern
<collectingCountry id="2288C4E54068FF8BFF30FAB8FF45FAC5" box="[151,211,1377,1403]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">India</collectingCountry>
, covered by ever green rain forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1285D7FE4068FF8BFF60FA5DFB13FA59" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5A2084754068FF8BFF60FA5DFB13FA59" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="68EB58674068FF8BFF60FA5DFEB1FA21" bold="true" box="[199,295,1412,1439]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290">Biology.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="85243AD74068FF8BFEC1FA5CFE5EFA21" box="[358,456,1413,1439]" pageId="4" pageNumber="290" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male was collected resting on a stream margin and all females were collected while landing on humans during the daytime in shaded areas in a tropical evergreen forest at about 16.00 hours. Nothing is known of the natural hosts of females or habitats of the immature stages of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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