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<document ID-DOI="10.37520/aemnp.2022.008" ID-ISSN="1804-6487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7161195" ID-ZooBank="AFB02C61-6BC9-452B-B609-E68ED62B7DCD" approvalRequired="17" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="3" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="14" checkinTime="1665201416451" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Souma, Jun" docDate="2022" docId="2B1F87E1FF9CFF93FEEDF9472F428292" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.62.1.117-127.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 62 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2022.008" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85.6:ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Omoplax mukojimensis Souma 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="125" masterDocId="D726FF99FF99FF9BFFFAFF942E17870D" masterDocTitle="Two new species of the genus Omoplax (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) from Mukojima Island, with new records of lace bugs endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="122" updateTime="1665201868334" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Two new species of the genus Omoplax (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) from Mukojima Island, with new records of lace bugs endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Souma, Jun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Entomological Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka- - shi, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan; e-mail: kodokusignal @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2238 - 5015 &amp; Research Fellowship for Young Scientists (DC</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-21</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>62</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>117</mods:start>
<mods:end>127</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2022.008</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.37520/aemnp.2022.008</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1804-6487</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7161195</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">AFB02C61-6BC9-452B-B609-E68ED62B7DCD</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B1F87E1FF9CFF93FEEDF9472F428292" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B1F87E1FF9CFF93FEEDF9472F428292" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<subSubSection box="[279,631,1747,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="5.[279,631,1747,1771]" box="[279,631,1747,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<heading box="[279,631,1747,1771]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[279,631,1747,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName authority="Souma, 2022" authorityName="Souma" authorityYear="2022" box="[279,539,1747,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukojimensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[279,539,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Omoplax mukojimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[545,631,1748,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[310,599,1779,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="5.[150,761,1779,2081]" box="[310,599,1779,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
(
<figureCitation box="[316,386,1779,1798]" captionStart="Figs 1" captionStartId="2.[151,188,1212,1231]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,199,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-420@2.[152,1435,189,1189]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1A–C. Two species ofOmoplax from Mukojima Island, the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, dorsal view:A, B – O. karubei sp. nov.:A – male, B – female. C – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[395,443,1779,1798]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">2C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[451,499,1779,1798]" captionStart="Figs 3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,189,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-140@4.[151,1436,189,1694]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 3A–F. Hemelytra, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161201/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">3C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[508,558,1779,1798]" captionStart="Figs 4" captionStartId="5.[150,187,1662,1681]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-186@5.[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 4A–E. A–B – rostra and sternal laminae, ventral view:A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. C–E – apical part of the abdomen, ventral view: C, D – O. karubei sp. nov.: C – male, D – female; E – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161203/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">4B, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[567,593,1779,1798]" captionStart="Figs 5" captionStartId="6.[150,187,1133,1152]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,184,1101]" captionTargetId="figure-479@6.[151,1436,182,1105]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 5A–B. Line drawings of head and pronotum, dorsal view: A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. Abbreviations: ca – calli; co – collar; ho – hood; mc – median carina; pa – paranotum; pd – pronotal disc; pp – posterior process. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161205/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">5B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="122" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="5.[150,761,1779,2081]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[150,280,1813,1832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<typeStatus box="[150,194,1813,1832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
Hඈඅඈඍඒඉൾ:
<specimenCount box="[383,399,1806,1831]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(macropterous;
<figureCitation box="[534,596,1813,1832]" captionStart="Figs 1" captionStartId="2.[151,188,1212,1231]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,199,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-420@2.[152,1435,189,1189]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1A–C. Two species ofOmoplax from Mukojima Island, the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, dorsal view:A, B – O. karubei sp. nov.:A – male, B – female. C – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig.1C</figureCitation>
) (
<collectionCode box="[614,692,1813,1832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">KPMNH</collectionCode>
), “
<date box="[345,448,1840,1859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" value="2006-06-18">18.VI.2006</date>
” [=
<collectingCountry box="[616,683,1840,1859]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingCountry box="[689,756,1840,1859]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
: OGൺඌൺඐൺඋൺ Iඌඅൺඇൽඌ:
<emphasis box="[335,478,1866,1885]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Mukojima Group</emphasis>
: Mukojima Island:Southern part,
<date box="[150,244,1893,1912]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" value="2006-06-18">18.vi.2006</date>
, leg. H. Karube].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="122" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="5.[150,761,1779,2081]" lastBlockId="5.[828,1436,1768,2079]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[150,264,1930,1953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Souma, 2022" authorityName="Souma" authorityYear="2022" box="[269,511,1930,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukojimensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[269,511,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Omoplax mukojimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[515,595,1930,1953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is distinguished from the other species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horvath" authorityYear="1912" box="[439,537,1962,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[439,537,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Omoplax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of the following characteristics: pronotal disc and body ventral side brown (
<figureCitation box="[375,466,2026,2049]" captionStart="Figs 1" captionStartId="2.[151,188,1212,1231]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,199,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-420@2.[152,1435,189,1189]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1A–C. Two species ofOmoplax from Mukojima Island, the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, dorsal view:A, B – O. karubei sp. nov.:A – male, B – female. C – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[481,550,2026,2049]" captionStart="Figs 4" captionStartId="5.[150,187,1662,1681]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-186@5.[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 4A–E. A–B – rostra and sternal laminae, ventral view:A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. C–E – apical part of the abdomen, ventral view: C, D – O. karubei sp. nov.: C – male, D – female; E – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161203/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">4B, E</figureCitation>
); rostrum reaching middle part of mesosternum; hood with 3 rows of areolae on highest part (
<figureCitation box="[1002,1084,1768,1791]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
); paranotum rounded throughout its length (
<figureCitation box="[949,1040,1800,1823]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1055,1089,1800,1823]" captionStart="Figs 5" captionStartId="6.[150,187,1133,1152]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,184,1101]" captionTargetId="figure-479@6.[151,1436,182,1105]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 5A–B. Line drawings of head and pronotum, dorsal view: A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. Abbreviations: ca – calli; co – collar; ho – hood; mc – median carina; pa – paranotum; pd – pronotal disc; pp – posterior process. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161205/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">5B</figureCitation>
); subcostal and discoidal areas of hemelytron indistinguishable (
<figureCitation box="[1188,1310,1832,1855]" captionStart="Figs 3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,189,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-140@4.[151,1436,189,1694]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 3A–F. Hemelytra, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161201/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Figs 3C, F</figureCitation>
); and R+M (radiomedial) vein indistinct, not carinate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="5" pageNumber="122" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="5.[828,1436,1768,2079]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,1214,1895,1919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">
Description.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[972,1207,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Macropterous female</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Head, calli, pronotal disc, markings on hemelytra and ventral surface in various shades brown; compound eye dark red; hood, paranotum and hemelytron pale brown; areolae of pronotum and hemelytron transparent; pubescence on body yellowish (
<figureCitation box="[835,922,2056,2079]" captionStart="Figs 1" captionStartId="2.[151,188,1212,1231]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,199,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-420@2.[152,1435,189,1189]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1A–C. Two species ofOmoplax from Mukojima Island, the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, dorsal view:A, B – O. karubei sp. nov.:A – male, B – female. C – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161197/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[934,993,2056,2079]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">2C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1004,1064,2056,2079]" captionStart="Figs 3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,189,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-140@4.[151,1436,189,1694]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 3A–F. Hemelytra, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161201/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">3C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1075,1139,2056,2079]" captionStart="Figs 4" captionStartId="5.[150,187,1662,1681]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-186@5.[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 4A–E. A–B – rostra and sternal laminae, ventral view:A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. C–E – apical part of the abdomen, ventral view: C, D – O. karubei sp. nov.: C – male, D – female; E – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161203/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="122">4B, E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7161205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161205/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" startId="6.[150,187,1133,1152]" targetBox="[155,1427,184,1101]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[150,1437,1133,1178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
Figs 5A–B. Line drawings of head and pronotum, dorsal view: A –
<taxonomicName authority="Souma, 2022" authorityName="Souma" authorityYear="2022" box="[731,880,1133,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karubei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[731,880,1133,1152]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Omoplax karubei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[886,956,1133,1152]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; B –
<taxonomicName authority="Souma, 2022" authorityName="Souma" authorityYear="2022" box="[1000,1143,1133,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukojimensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1000,1015,1133,1152]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1027,1143,1133,1152]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">mukojimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1149,1216,1133,1152]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Abbreviations: ca – calli; co – collar; ho – hood; mc – median carina; pa – paranotum; pd – pronotal disc; pp – posterior process. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,760,1224,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
Body 1.8 times as long as maximum width across hemelytra (
<figureCitation box="[275,362,1256,1279]" captionStart="Figs 1" captionStartId="2.[151,188,1212,1231]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,199,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-420@2.[152,1435,189,1189]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1A–C. Two species ofOmoplax from Mukojima Island, the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, dorsal view:A, B – O. karubei sp. nov.:A – male, B – female. C – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161197/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
). Head (
<figureCitation box="[458,548,1256,1279]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[563,592,1256,1279]" captionStart="Figs 4" captionStartId="5.[150,187,1662,1681]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-186@5.[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 4A–E. A–B – rostra and sternal laminae, ventral view:A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. C–E – apical part of the abdomen, ventral view: C, D – O. karubei sp. nov.: C – male, D – female; E – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161203/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">4F</figureCitation>
) glabrous; pair of frontal spines separated from each other at apices, not reaching apex of clypeus; median spine as long as frontal spines, not reaching bases of frontal spines; pair of occipital spines longer than median spine, reaching middle part of compound eyes; antenniferous tubercles obtuse, slightly curved inward; clypeus smooth. Compound eye round in dorsal view. Antenna covered with pubescence; segment I cylindrical; segment II cylindrical, shortest among antennal segments; segment III longest among antennal segments; segment IV cylindrical, longer than segment I. Bucculae contiguous at anterior ends, with 3 rows of areolae throughout their length. Rostrum reaching middle part of mesosternum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,760,1224,2079]" lastBlockId="6.[828,1437,1224,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
Pronotum (
<figureCitation box="[304,423,1704,1727]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Figs 2C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[437,469,1704,1727]" captionStart="Figs 5" captionStartId="6.[150,187,1133,1152]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,184,1101]" captionTargetId="figure-479@6.[151,1436,182,1105]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 5A–B. Line drawings of head and pronotum, dorsal view: A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. Abbreviations: ca – calli; co – collar; ho – hood; mc – median carina; pa – paranotum; pd – pronotal disc; pp – posterior process. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161205/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">5B</figureCitation>
) 1.4 times as long as maximum width across paranota, glabrous. Pronotal disc coarsely punctate. Hood shorter than median carina of pronotum, narrower than vertex at widest part, higher than median carina of pronotum, with posterior margin extending to anterior part of pronotal disc, with 3 rows of areolae on highest part, with dorsal margin distinctly arched. Collar not covering compound eye. Median carina straight, extending to apex of posterior process, with 2 rows of areolae on highest part, with dorsal margin slightly arched. Calli smooth. Paranotum rounded throughout its length, subvertical, with 2 rows of areolae on widest part, with outer margin gently curved outward throughout its length. Posterior process triangular, obtuse at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,1224,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
Hemelytron (
<figureCitation box="[1012,1141,1288,1311]" captionStart="Figs 3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,189,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-140@4.[151,1436,189,1694]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 3A–F. Hemelytra, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161201/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Figs 3C, F</figureCitation>
) 2.6 times as long as its maximum width, extending beyond apex of abdomen, glabrous; maximum width across hemelytra 2.0 times as much as maximum width across paranota; apices close to each other in rest; subcostal and discoidal areas indistinguishable; costal area with 4 rows of areolae on widest part; subcostal-discoidal area with 7 rows of areolae on widest part; sutural area with 5 rows of areolae on widest part; hypocostal lamina with single row of areolae throughout its length; R+M (radiomedial) vein indistinct, not carinate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,1224,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
Thoracic pleura (
<figureCitation box="[1038,1116,1608,1631]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
) smooth in anterior part, coarsely punctate in posterior part. Ostiolar peritreme oblong. Sternal laminae (
<figureCitation box="[1012,1096,1672,1695]" captionStart="Figs 4" captionStartId="5.[150,187,1662,1681]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-186@5.[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 4A–E. A–B – rostra and sternal laminae, ventral view:A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. C–E – apical part of the abdomen, ventral view: C, D – O. karubei sp. nov.: C – male, D – female; E – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161203/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
) lower than bucculae; pro- and mesosternal laminae open at both anterior and posterior ends; metasternal laminae as high as mesosternal laminae, open at anterior ends, fused to each other at posterior ends. Legs (
<figureCitation box="[894,974,1800,1823]" captionStart="Figs 1" captionStartId="2.[151,188,1212,1231]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,199,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-420@2.[152,1435,189,1189]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1A–C. Two species ofOmoplax from Mukojima Island, the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, dorsal view:A, B – O. karubei sp. nov.:A – male, B – female. C – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161197/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) smooth, covered with pubescence; femora thickest in middle. Abdomen ellipsoidal. Terminalia (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figs 4" captionStartId="5.[150,187,1662,1681]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-186@5.[151,1436,181,1640]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 4A–E. A–B – rostra and sternal laminae, ventral view:A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. C–E – apical part of the abdomen, ventral view: C, D – O. karubei sp. nov.: C – male, D – female; E – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161203/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
) pentagonal in ventral view, covered with pubescence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,1224,2079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="123">
Measurements (n = 1). Body length with hemelytra
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
; maximum width across hemelytra
<quantity box="[1248,1332,1928,1951]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
; length of antennal segments I to IV
<quantity box="[1110,1195,1960,1983]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity box="[1206,1291,1960,1983]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
, 1.0 mm, and
<quantity box="[828,914,1992,2015]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
, respectively; pronotal length
<quantity box="[1247,1334,1992,2015]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
; pronotal width across paranota
<quantity box="[1063,1147,2024,2047]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
; hemelytral length
<quantity box="[1348,1432,2024,2047]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
; maximum width of hemelytron 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7161207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161207/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" startId="7.[150,187,1554,1573]" targetBox="[153,1416,194,1527]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph blockId="7.[150,1438,1554,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
Figs 6A–G. Three tingid species endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, dorsal view: A–B –
<taxonomicName authority="Souma &amp; Kamitani, 2021" authorityName="Souma &amp; Kamitani" authorityYear="2021" box="[977,1434,1554,1573]" genus="Acanthomoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" rank="species" species="tomokunii">
<emphasis box="[977,1202,1554,1573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Acanthomoplax tomokunii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="SOUMA J. &amp; KAMITANI S." box="[1208,1434,1554,1573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="3 - 11" refId="ref6726" refString="SOUMA J. &amp; KAMITANI S. 2021: Taxonomic review of the lace bug genus Omoplax (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) endemic to &quot; Oriental Galapagos &quot; (the Ogasawara Islands, Japan) with the description of its new allied genus and species. Entomological Science 24 (1): 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="2021">Souma &amp; Kamitani, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: A – male from Hahajima Island, B – female from Ototojima Island. C–E –
<taxonomicName authority="(Horvath, 1912)" baseAuthorityName="Horvath" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[799,1094,1581,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desecta">
<emphasis box="[799,948,1581,1600]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Omoplax desecta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="HORVATH G." box="[959,1089,1581,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="319 - 339" refId="ref6506" refString="HORVATH G. 1912: Species generis Tingitidarum Stephanitis. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 10: 319 - 339." type="journal article" year="1912">Horváth, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
: C – male from Mukohjima Island, D – female from Meijima Island, E – female from Nakoudojima Island. F–G –
<taxonomicName authority="Guilbert, 2001" authorityName="Guilbert" authorityYear="2001" box="[785,1059,1607,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majorcarinae">
<emphasis box="[785,800,1607,1626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[811,926,1607,1626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">majorcarinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="GUILBERT E." box="[931,1059,1607,1626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" pagination="543 - 554" refId="ref6477" refString="GUILBERT E. 2001: Western Pacific Tingidae (Heteroptera): New species and new records. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 46: 543 - 554." type="journal article" year="2001">Guilbert, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: F – male from Hahajima Island, G – female from Chichijima Island. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="7.[150,759,1699,2075]" box="[181,548,1699,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[181,428,1699,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[181,422,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Brachypterous morph</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[150,759,1699,2075]" box="[181,363,1731,1755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[181,244,1731,1755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[181,237,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Male</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="124" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="7.[150,759,1699,2075]" lastBlockId="7.[828,1437,1700,2075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[150,400,1764,1787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
In the key to all described tingid species endemic to the Ogasawara Islands (Sඈඎආൺ &amp; Kൺ- ආංඍൺඇං 2021), the new species described above differs from the other species in the combination of the following characteristics: head with very short spines (
<figureCitation box="[587,701,1892,1915]" captionStart="Figs 2" captionStartId="3.[150,187,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[150,1435,189,1473]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2A–F. Head and pronotum, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161199/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Figs 2C, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[712,746,1892,1915]" captionStart="Figs 5" captionStartId="6.[150,187,1133,1152]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,184,1101]" captionTargetId="figure-479@6.[151,1436,182,1105]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 5A–B. Line drawings of head and pronotum, dorsal view: A – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.; B – O. mukojimensis sp. nov. Abbreviations: ca – calli; co – collar; ho – hood; mc – median carina; pa – paranotum; pd – pronotal disc; pp – posterior process. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161205/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">5B</figureCitation>
); paranotum rounded throughout its length; outer margin of paranotum without robust denticles throughout its length; anterior margin of hemelytron without robust denticles throughout its length (
<figureCitation box="[393,479,2020,2043]" captionStart="Figs 3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,189,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-140@4.[151,1436,189,1694]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 3A–F. Hemelytra, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161201/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
); and R+M (radiomedial) vein of hemelytron without denticles throughout its length (
<figureCitation box="[836,917,1700,1723]" captionStart="Figs 3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1717,1736]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,189,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-140@4.[151,1436,189,1694]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 3A–F. Hemelytra, dorsal and dorsolateral views: A, B, D, E – Omoplax karubei sp. nov.: A, D – male, B, E – female. C, F – O. mukojimensis sp. nov.: female. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161201/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). In general appearance,
<taxonomicName authority="Souma, 2022" authorityName="Souma" authorityYear="2022" box="[1186,1436,1700,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukojimensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1186,1436,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Omoplax mukojimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[828,911,1732,1755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
strongly resembles
<taxonomicName authority="Souma, 2022" authorityName="Souma" authorityYear="2022" box="[1124,1238,1732,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karubei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1124,1143,1732,1755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">O</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1157,1238,1732,1755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">karubei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1245,1328,1732,1755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
described above. However, the former is easily distinguished from the latter by the following features: rostrum reaching middle part of mesosternum; hood with 3 rows of areolae on highest part; subcostal and discoidal areas of hemelytron indistinguishable; and R+M vein indistinct, not carinate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="124" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="7.[828,1437,1700,2075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,956,1924,1947]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to its occurrence on Mukojima Island, the Ogasawara Islands,
<collectingCountry box="[1333,1397,1956,1979]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Japan</collectingCountry>
; an adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="7" pageNumber="124" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="7.[828,1437,1700,2075]" lastBlockId="8.[151,761,1320,1439]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,919,2020,2043]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">Biology.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus box="[976,1069,2020,2043]" pageId="7" pageNumber="124">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected in April. Nymph is unknown. It inhabits the laurilignosa ecosystem of the Ogasawara Islands in subtropical climate belonging to the Oceanian Region. Host plant is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7161209" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7161209" box="[150,889,1239,1258]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7161209/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="125" startId="8.[150,178,1239,1258]" targetBox="[151,1436,189,1216]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph blockId="8.[150,889,1239,1258]" box="[150,889,1239,1258]" pageId="8" pageNumber="125">
Fig 7. Syntype of
<taxonomicName authority="(Horvath, 1912)" baseAuthorityName="Horvath" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[304,594,1239,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Omoplax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="desecta">
<emphasis box="[304,451,1239,1258]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="125">Omoplax desecta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="HORVATH G." box="[463,588,1239,1258]" pageId="8" pageNumber="125" pagination="319 - 339" refId="ref6506" refString="HORVATH G. 1912: Species generis Tingitidarum Stephanitis. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 10: 319 - 339." type="journal article" year="1912">Horváth, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
deposited in ELHU and its labels.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="125" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,761,1320,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,293,1384,1407]" pageId="8" pageNumber="125">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[297,360,1384,1407]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="125">Japan</collectingCountry>
: Ogasawara Islands: Mukojima Group: Mukojima Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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