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702 lines
82 KiB
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<document id="3A771DAAAA02E7738AC3C8D53357F915" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4147.5.3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4147.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="79c6685d-baae-4a37-9f0a-48dcffd5afcf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="257232" ID-ZooBank="73020F5D-D4ED-4564-A02D-014FD55BF31F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1470636991511" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gumovsky, Alex" docDate="2016" docId="9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4147.5.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4147 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Goetheana shakespearei Girault 1920" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="556" masterDocId="657AFC52FF91FFFA59105F60FFA8983B" masterDocTitle="Review of Afrotropical species of Goetheana Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="563" masterPageNumber="551" pageNumber="553" updateTime="1698367110092" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="E35FBB60D2A7F7002F8C02C5F877A151" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F8AB8CF6D87E594B6E40F8B659A5BCDA">
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<mods:title id="047021FA6F916C083D829A46B450DFB3">Review of Afrotropical species of Goetheana Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5883551F577B904A80D8F517A3194D0D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5F52B64A63B0AAC0CFE7BE99923BFB8E">Gumovsky, Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="845DC401B60FCE0312F9639C21980170">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="304DD325883BEA8A020E06F84961B5BA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="10F3062B7556005582BB55A649BD0269">
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<mods:date id="CBC4CFF7447AEEEC5555B5576402D402">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="63FFFCEADCC4F715748DD08A39E42502" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="79F32D34BD99E121C65239AC5AF1EFB9">4147</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5497848A25390D4310070A8F0B7C3CA6">5</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="53852F0B6FE325FE4FB58B968F1A3FCC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4147.5.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6067665" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123514764" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6067665" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="556" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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<subSubSection id="59F066B7FF93FFF859875FF7FE5F98E8" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859875FF7FDC49889" blockId="2.[151,620,151,211]" box="[151,620,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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<heading id="4A1D8250FF93FFF859875FF7FDC49889" bold="true" box="[151,620,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF859875FF7FDC49889" ID-CoL="6KNXW" authority="Girault, 1920" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,620,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875FF7FDC49889" bold="true" box="[151,620,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875FF7FE16988A" bold="true" box="[151,446,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Goetheana shakespearei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF858D55FF8FDC49889" author="Girault" box="[453,620,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Girault, A. A. (1920) New genera and species of Australian Mymaridae (Hymenoptera). Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 8, 96 - 100." type="journal article" year="1920">Girault, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859875FDAFE5F98E8" blockId="2.[151,620,151,211]" box="[151,503,186,211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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(
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<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF8598F5FDAFF4998E8" box="[159,225,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Goetheana species. A, B, G. shakespearei, ♂; C, E, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; D, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F – H, G. kobzari: F, ♀, G, H, ♂. A – G, combination of direct and reflected light; H, reflected light." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257233/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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A, B, 2A, B, 3A–D, 4A)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59F066B7FF93FFF859875E62FE0F994F" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859875E62FA34996D" blockId="2.[151,1436,258,372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="31FA1212FF93FFF859875E62FA34996D" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF859875E62FDEE9923" ID-CoL="6KNXW" authority="Girault, 1920: 97" authorityName="Girault" authorityPageNumber="97" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,582,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875E62FE279923" box="[151,399,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Goetheana shakespearei</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="904B132DFF93FFF858865E62FDEE9923" author="Girault" box="[406,582,258,280]" page="97" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" year="1920">
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF858865E62FD899923" author="Girault" box="[406,545,258,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Girault, A. A. (1920) New genera and species of Australian Mymaridae (Hymenoptera). Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 8, 96 - 100." type="journal article" year="1920">Girault, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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: 97
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. For full bibliographic list, see
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF85A935E62FB8E9923" author="Triapitsyn" box="[899,1062,258,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Triapitsyn, S. V. (2005) Revision of Ceranisus and the related thrips-attacking entedonine genera (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of the world. African Invertebrates, 46, 261 - 315." type="journal article" year="2005">Triapitsyn 2005</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF859875E42FD97990C" authority="Gahan, 1927: 27" authorityName="Gahan" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,575,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875E42FE25990C" box="[151,397,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Dasyscapus parvipennis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="904B132DFF93FFF858845E41FD97990C" author="Gahan" box="[404,575,289,311]" page="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" year="1927">
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF858845E41FDB1990C" author="Gahan" box="[404,537,289,311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Gahan, A. B. (1927) Miscellaneous descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera with some synonymical notes. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 71, 1 - 39. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.71 - 2676.1" type="journal article" year="1927">Gahan, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 27
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; synonymized under
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85A065E42FC1D990C" ID-CoL="6KNXW" box="[790,949,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85A065E42FC1D990C" box="[790,949,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<treatmentCitation id="904B132DFF93FFF85ACB5E41FB30990C" author="Boucek" box="[987,1176,289,311]" page="735" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF85ACB5E41FBCD990C" author="Boucek" box="[987,1125,289,311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Boucek, Z. (1988) Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International, Wallingford, U. K., 832 pp." type="book" year="1988">Bouček 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 735
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF859875E21FC4F996D" authority="Narayanan, Subba Rao & Ramachandra Rao, 1960: 168" authorityName="Narayanan, Subba Rao & Ramachandra Rao" authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,999,320,342]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thripsivorous">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875E21FE35996D" box="[151,413,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Dasyscapus thripsivorous</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="904B132DFF93FFF858B55E21FC4F996D" author="Narayanan" box="[421,999,320,342]" page="168" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" year="1960">
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF858B55E21FC1C996D" author="Narayanan" box="[421,948,320,342]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Narayanan, E. S., Subba Rao, B. R. & Ramachandra Rao, M. (1960) Some new species of chalcids from India. Proceedings of the National Institute of Sciences of India, B 26, 168 - 175." type="journal article" year="1960">Narayanan, Subba Rao & Ramachandra Rao, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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: 168
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 169. Synonymized under
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85DEC5E21FA34996D" ID-CoL="6KNXW" box="[1276,1436,320,342]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85DEC5E21FA34996D" box="[1276,1436,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859D75E3EFE0F994F" blockId="2.[151,1436,258,372]" box="[199,423,350,372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF859F65E3EFED9994F" author="Boucek" box="[230,369,350,372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Boucek, Z. (1988) Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International, Wallingford, U. K., 832 pp." type="book" year="1988">Bouček 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 735.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="59F066B7FF93FFF859875EC1FAC79F0D" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859875EC1FAB79B7D" blockId="2.[151,1437,417,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875EC1FEB99981" bold="true" box="[151,273,417,442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Mesosoma uniformly dark brown, head pale brown to yellow in reflected light (
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<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85D8E5EC1FB759982" box="[1182,1245,417,442]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Goetheana species. A, B, G. shakespearei, ♂; C, E, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; D, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F – H, G. kobzari: F, ♀, G, H, ♂. A – G, combination of direct and reflected light; H, reflected light." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257233/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A, B); fore wing with apical area (beyond venation and apart from row of setae along extreme wing margin) setose, with at least two rows of setae arising from stigmal vein and another row of setae extending parallel to lower wing margin (
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<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85C2F5E89FA299A3A" box="[1343,1409,489,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1601,1623]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,208,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1580]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fore wing of Goetheana species. A, B, G. shakespearei, ♂; C, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; D, G. incerta, ♂; E, F, G. kobzari: E, ♀, F, ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257234/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A, B). Male with scape notably wide, about 1.2× as long as broad, pale brown to yellow in reflected light (
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<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85C035D6DFAFC9A1D" box="[1299,1364,525,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antenna of Goetheana species. A – D, G. shakespearei, ♂; E, G, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F, H, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; I, J, G. kobzari: I, ♂, J, ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257235/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A–D).
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875D51FE2C9A71" bold="true" box="[151,388,561,586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Comparative notes.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF8589E5D51FDEF9A71" author="Annecke" box="[398,583,561,586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Annecke, D. P. (1962) The genus Goetheana Girault in South Africa (Eulophidae-Hymenoptera). South African Journal of Agricultural Science, 5 (2), 273 - 279." type="journal article" year="1962">Annecke (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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provided illustrations and a re-description of this species (reported as
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85C945D52FEB39A56" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85C945D52FEB39A56" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. parvipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) based on material collected in
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<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF93FFF85B965D35FCBF9A55" box="[646,791,597,622]" name="South Africa" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
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<collectingRegion id="D32EFBDEFF93FFF85B965D35FD609A55" box="[646,712,597,622]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">South</collectingRegion>
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Africa
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</collectingCountry>
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(Skukuza) and on comparative specimens obtained from the Neotropics (
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<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF93FFF8585A5D19FE6A9AA9" box="[330,450,633,658]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF93FFF858DD5D19FD149AA9" box="[461,700,633,658]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
Trinidad and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="D32EFBDEFF93FFF85B735D19FD149AA9" box="[611,700,633,658]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="Tobago" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Tobago</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
). He stated that males of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85AC65D1AFB2E9AA9" box="[982,1158,633,658]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85AC65D1AFB2E9AA9" box="[982,1158,633,658]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and his newly described
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF859875DFEFEAC9A8E" box="[151,260,670,693]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859875DFEFEAC9A8E" box="[151,260,670,693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are easily distinguishable, but that females of the two species are more difficult to discriminate between. Nevertheless, he stated that longer antennal segments and fore wings, as well as absence of regular, fine, parallel and readily discernible “lines of sculpture” on the metasoma, were diagnostic for females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85DD95D86FAD39AC5" box="[1225,1403,741,766]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85DD95D86FAD39AC5" box="[1225,1403,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as compared to those of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF8589E5C6AFD169B19" authority="Annecke 1962" authorityName="Annecke" authorityYear="1962" box="[398,702,777,802]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF8589E5C6AFE559B1A" box="[398,509,778,801]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF85B1C5C69FD1E9B19" author="Annecke" box="[524,694,777,802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Annecke, D. P. (1962) The genus Goetheana Girault in South Africa (Eulophidae-Hymenoptera). South African Journal of Agricultural Science, 5 (2), 273 - 279." type="journal article" year="1962">Annecke 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF93FFF85BDA5C69FC279B19" author="Triapitsyn" box="[714,911,777,802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" refString="Triapitsyn, S. V. (2005) Revision of Ceranisus and the related thrips-attacking entedonine genera (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of the world. African Invertebrates, 46, 261 - 315." type="journal article" year="2005">Triapitsyn (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
did not provide any differential characters for females of the two species, and stated that females of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85BE15C4DFCC49B7D" box="[753,876,813,838]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85BE15C4DFCC49B7D" box="[753,876,813,838]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Goetheana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species are quite similar to each other.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859D75C32FAA49C5E" blockId="2.[151,1437,417,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
My comparative studies of Annecke’s microscopic slides did not reveal any discernible characters suitable for differentiating females identified by him as “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85BB15C16FCEE9BB6" box="[673,838,886,909]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85BB15C16FCEE9BB6" box="[673,838,886,909]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
” and “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85A8C5C16FBA49BB6" box="[924,1036,886,909]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85A8C5C16FBA49BB6" box="[924,1036,886,909]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
”, including those characters listed above. Freshly collected females also demonstrate wide variation in the wing and body character states and may represent both
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF858535CDEFE5D9BED" box="[323,501,957,982]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF858535CDEFE5D9BED" box="[323,501,957,982]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85B225CDEFD0A9BEE" box="[562,674,958,981]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85B225CDEFD0A9BEE" box="[562,674,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Also, the South African specimens identified by Annecke as “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85C945CDEFEB39BC2" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85C945CDEFEB39BC2" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
” (7 females and 1 male) were collected in the same area (and within the same time period) with the type specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF8587C5B66FE729C26" box="[364,474,1030,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF8587C5B66FE729C26" box="[364,474,1030,1053]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(5 females and 2 males, see below). The species identity of the females of these “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85C945B66FEB39C7A" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85C945B66FEB39C7A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
” therefore requires confirmation. Similarly, Annecke’s (1962) diagnosis of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85D915B4AFB599C7A" box="[1153,1265,1066,1089]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85D915B4AFB599C7A" box="[1153,1265,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
females might have been generated from morphological observations on a mixture of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85AA15B2EFBC99C5D" box="[945,1121,1101,1126]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85AA15B2EFBC99C5D" box="[945,1121,1101,1126]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85D885B2EFAAD9C5E" box="[1176,1285,1102,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85D885B2EFAAD9C5E" box="[1176,1285,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859D75B11FF599D59" blockId="2.[151,1437,417,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
Sculpture on the propodeum was another putative diagnostic character that was expected to be useful to differentiate
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF8583A5BF6FE769C95" box="[298,478,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF8583A5BF6FE769C95" box="[298,478,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85B3B5BF6FD349C96" box="[555,668,1174,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85B3B5BF6FD349C96" box="[555,668,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Males of the former species have the propodeum nearly smooth medially and have a somewhat weaker sculpture laterally (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85A3E5BD9FCD99CE9" box="[814,881,1209,1234]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[294,1277,194,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[294,1278,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Propodeum of males: A, G. shakespearei; B, G. i n c e r t a; C, G. kobzari." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A) than the latter species, which have these areas more distinctly alutaceous (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF858DE5BBDFDBB9CCD" box="[462,531,1245,1270]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[294,1277,194,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[294,1278,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Propodeum of males: A, G. shakespearei; B, G. i n c e r t a; C, G. kobzari." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B). If constant throughout their ranges, this character might be expected to be of some value for distinguishing females of the two species as well. However, the character is of gradual nature and any evaluation of its diagnostic value should be tested on a larger comparative series of specimens from various regions.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859D75A0DFC4A9DF5" blockId="2.[151,1437,417,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
Based on the above, only males are referred to here as confirmed representatives of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85D685A0EFA809DBD" box="[1144,1320,1389,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85D685A0EFA809DBD" box="[1144,1320,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and fieldcollected females are referred as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85B165AF2FD1D9D91" box="[518,693,1425,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85B165AF2FD1D9D91" box="[518,693,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85BDA5AF2FC909D92" box="[714,824,1426,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85BDA5AF2FC909D92" box="[714,824,1426,1449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see below). Correspondingly, the females reported by Annecke as “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF8583C5AD6FE669DF6" box="[300,462,1462,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF8583C5AD6FE669DF6" box="[300,462,1462,1485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
” may belong to both above mentioned species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFF859D75AB9FAC79F0D" blockId="2.[151,1437,417,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
Although males of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF858B45ABAFDFE9DC9" box="[420,598,1497,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF858B45ABAFDFE9DC9" box="[420,598,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are easily distinguishable by their considerably expanded antennal scape (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF8598F5A9DFF499E2D" box="[159,225,1533,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Goetheana species. A, B, G. shakespearei, ♂; C, E, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; D, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F – H, G. kobzari: F, ♀, G, H, ♂. A – G, combination of direct and reflected light; H, reflected light." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257233/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, B; 3A–D), they otherwise exhibit considerable morphological variation. Males from the Neotropics have a somewhat longer, though still rather wide scape (1.35–1.4× as long as wide,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85D155941FBEF9E01" box="[1029,1095,1569,1594]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antenna of Goetheana species. A – D, G. shakespearei, ♂; E, G, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F, H, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; I, J, G. kobzari: I, ♂, J, ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257235/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B, D), than the males from the Afrotropics (1.2–1.25× as long as wide,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85B685925FD159E65" box="[632,701,1605,1630]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antenna of Goetheana species. A – D, G. shakespearei, ♂; E, G, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F, H, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; I, J, G. kobzari: I, ♂, J, ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257235/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, C). Also, F2 and CL1–3 are notably longer than broad for Neotropical males of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF8589F590AFDE99EB9" box="[399,577,1641,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF8589F590AFDE99EB9" box="[399,577,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85B425909FD3F9EB9" box="[594,663,1641,1666]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antenna of Goetheana species. A – D, G. shakespearei, ♂; E, G, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F, H, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; I, J, G. kobzari: I, ♂, J, ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257235/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B, D), whereas these segments are wider than long for Afrotropical males referred to this species (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF858E259EDFD9D9E9D" box="[498,565,1677,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antenna of Goetheana species. A – D, G. shakespearei, ♂; E, G, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F, H, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; I, J, G. kobzari: I, ♂, J, ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257235/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, C). As a result, the ratio of flagellum/pedicel is about 2.3 for Neotropical males (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF859F959D1FE859EF1" box="[233,301,1713,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antenna of Goetheana species. A – D, G. shakespearei, ♂; E, G, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F, H, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; I, J, G. kobzari: I, ♂, J, ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257235/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B, D) and 1.7–1.9 for Afrotropical males (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85A0159D1FCFC9EF1" box="[785,852,1713,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1334,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Antenna of Goetheana species. A – D, G. shakespearei, ♂; E, G, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F, H, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; I, J, G. kobzari: I, ♂, J, ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257235/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, C). The fore wing is also longer for Neotropical males (about 8.7× as long as its width in the narrowest part,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85A5059B5FC2B9ED5" box="[832,899,1749,1774]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1601,1623]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,208,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1580]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fore wing of Goetheana species. A, B, G. shakespearei, ♂; C, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; D, G. incerta, ♂; E, F, G. kobzari: E, ♀, F, ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257234/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B) than for Afrotropical males (about 8.0×,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF93FFF85C6059B5FF0E9F29" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1601,1623]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,208,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1580]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fore wing of Goetheana species. A, B, G. shakespearei, ♂; C, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; D, G. incerta, ♂; E, F, G. kobzari: E, ♀, F, ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257234/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A). Consequently, the diagnostic value of these characters, as well as the species status of the different populations of what is recognized as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85B26587EFD4D9F0D" box="[566,741,1821,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85B26587EFD4D9F0D" box="[566,741,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
requires a separate study (see below, Discussion section).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="59F066B7FF93FFFF59D75821FAB6995F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="556" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF93FFFE59D75821FB979FB5" blockId="2.[151,1437,417,1990]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,1693,2006]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF93FFF859D75821FA319F99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045516" collectingDate="1960-01" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="D. P. Annecke" country="South Africa" county="Material" determinerName="Annecke" location="Skukuza" municipality="Specimens" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF859D75821FA919F61" bold="true" box="[199,1337,1857,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="F8344DB0FF93FFF859D75821FE879F61" box="[199,303,1857,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Material</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
examined.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="F131AF46FF93FFF858AE5821FD949F61" box="[446,572,1857,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Specimens</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
identified as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85BF65821FBCB9F61" authority="Gahan" authorityName="Gahan" box="[742,1123,1857,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85BF65821FC5D9F62" bold="true" box="[742,1013,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Goetheana parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Gahan)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
by
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF93FFF85D855821FA919F61" box="[1173,1337,1857,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">D.P. Annecke</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: Ƌ, two slides: with body under one small ring cover slip and with antennae and wings on another, “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF85D865805FF5D9F99" authority="Gahan" authorityName="Gahan" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF85D865805FA349F46" box="[1174,1436,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Goetheana parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Gahan)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, det.
|
|||
|
|
<determinerName id="E489D9F8FF93FFF8582558E9FE369F99" box="[309,414,1929,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Annecke</determinerName>
|
|||
|
|
”, “ƋN, T14,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF93FFF85B2958E9FD679F99" box="[569,719,1929,1954]" name="South Africa" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF93FFF85BCC58E9FC979F99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF93FFF85BCC58E9FC979F99" box="[732,831,1929,1954]" country="South Africa" county="Material" municipality="Specimens" name="Skukuza" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Skukuza</location>
|
|||
|
|
, Tvl.,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF93FFF85A9B58E9FC7D9F99" box="[907,981,1929,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" value="1960-01">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF93FFF85A9B58E9FC7D9F99" box="[907,981,1929,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" value="1960-01">i.1960</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF93FFF85AF258EAFB239F99" box="[994,1163,1929,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">D. P. Annecke</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMethod id="C8AB4D2BFF93FFF85D8858E9FA8C9F99" box="[1176,1316,1929,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Suction trap</collectingMethod>
|
|||
|
|
” (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF93FFF85C5058EAFA399F99" box="[1344,1425,1930,1954]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">SANC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF93FFFE598758CDFE969F1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045509" collectingDate="1943-09-29" collectorName="Ell Valle, D. F. & Callan, D & Trinidad" country="Venezuela" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="555" location="Specimens" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF8598758CDFD469FFD" bold="true" box="[151,750,1965,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF93FFF8598758CDFEBD9FFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF93FFF8598758CDFEBD9FFD" box="[151,277,1965,1990]" country="Venezuela" name="Specimens" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Specimens</location>
|
|||
|
|
identified as “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF93FFF858DC58CEFD489FFE" box="[460,736,1965,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF93FFF858DC58CEFD489FFE" bold="true" box="[460,736,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="553">Dasyscapus parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
”
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: Ƌ, slide with body under one small ring cover slip, wings, head and antennae under separate cover slips,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF95FFFE5BBF59FDFC8D9E8D" box="[687,805,1693,1718]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, “T 531”, “
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF95FFFE5ABB59FDFBFB9E8E" box="[939,1107,1693,1718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Ell Valle, D.F.</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
, D1”; Ƌ, ibid., D2; Ƌ, ibid.,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF95FFFE598759A1FEA59EE1" box="[151,269,1729,1754]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF95FFFE580A59A2FE149EE1" box="[282,444,1730,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="1943-09-29">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF95FFFE580A59A2FE149EE1" box="[282,444,1730,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="1943-09-29">29 Sept. 1943</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
, E. McC.
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF95FFFE5B2359A1FD0C9EE1" box="[563,676,1729,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Callan, D</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
3”; Ƌ, ibid., D4”; 2 Ƌ, slides with body under one ring cover slip,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF95FFFE59875985FE3D9EC5" box="[151,405,1765,1790]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, “
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF95FFFE58A35985FDB29EC5" box="[435,538,1765,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Trinidad</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
”, “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5B555986FC139EC5" authority="Gahan" authorityName="Gahan" box="[581,955,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Dasyscapus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvipennis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5B555986FCF79EC6" box="[581,863,1766,1789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Dasyscapus parvipennis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Gahan
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, reared from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5D7B5985FA3D9EC5" box="[1131,1429,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Selenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubrocinctus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5D7B5985FA3D9EC5" box="[1131,1429,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Selenothrips rubrocinctus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF95FFFE59875869FF519F19" box="[151,249,1801,1826]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, B.W
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF95FFFE5852586AFEF89F1A" box="[322,336,1802,1825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="1936-01">I.</date>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF95FFFE584C5869FE4F9F19" box="[348,487,1801,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="1936-03">March 1936</date>
|
|||
|
|
, P. Alteck” (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="89D129B9FF95FFFE5B665869FD1D9F19" box="[630,693,1801,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Goetheana species. A, B, G. shakespearei, ♂; C, E, G. shakespearei / G. incerta, ♀; D, G. i n c e r t a, ♂; F – H, G. kobzari: F, ♀, G, H, ♂. A – G, combination of direct and reflected light; H, reflected light." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257233/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A) (SANC).
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF95FFFE5A5A5869FB939FB5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045522" collectingDate="1993-03-16" collectionCode="SANC, HYMC" collectorName="Pretoria Database No." country="South Africa" county="Reared" determinerName="J. Huber" location="Buffelspoort Dam" municipality="Kranskloof" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" specimenCode="HYMC05228" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5A5A5869FBA59F19" bold="true" box="[842,1037,1801,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="F8344DB0FF95FFFE5A5A5869FC089F19" box="[842,928,1801,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Reared</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
material
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(females are putatively assumed to be conspecific with males): Ƌ,
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="07ECFEB5FF95FFFE5B09584EFDE29F7E" box="[537,586,1838,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
(in gelatine capsule),
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF95FFFE5A4F584DFC519F7D" box="[863,1017,1837,1862]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="F131AF46FF95FFFE5D1C584DFB229F7D" box="[1036,1162,1837,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Kranskloof</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
nr.
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF95FFFE5DD3584DFA309F7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF95FFFE5DD3584DFA309F7E" box="[1219,1432,1837,1862]" country="South Africa" county="Reared" municipality="Kranskloof" name="Buffelspoort Dam" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Buffelspoort Dam</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF95FFFE59875831FE9A9F51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF95FFFE59875831FE9A9F51" box="[151,306,1873,1898]" country="South Africa" county="Reared" municipality="Kranskloof" name="Magaliesberg" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Magaliesberg</location>
|
|||
|
|
, Tvl.,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF95FFFE586F5831FDA89F51" box="[383,512,1873,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="1993-03-16">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF95FFFE586F5831FDA89F51" box="[383,512,1873,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="1993-03-16">
|
|||
|
|
16.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF95FFFE58B05831FDA89F51" author="III" box="[416,512,1873,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" refString="Viggiani, G. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (1993) Prima segnalazione di Goetheana shakespearei Girault (Hymenoptera Eulophidae), parassitoide esotico di Thysanoptera, per l'Europa. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura (Serie II), 25 (1), 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="1993">III.1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
, with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5B5B5831FD459F51" box="[587,749,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Lecanodiaspididae" genus="Lecanodiaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5B5B5831FD459F51" box="[587,749,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Lecanodiaspis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp.,
|
|||
|
|
<collectedFrom id="A2F676C1FF95FFFE5A385832FB639F51" box="[808,1227,1873,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">
|
|||
|
|
on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5A5E5831FB639F51" authority="S. Neser" authorityName="S. Neser" box="[846,1227,1873,1898]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Dombeya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rotundifolia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5A5E5831FBE19F51" box="[846,1097,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Dombeya rotundifolia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(S. Neser)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</collectedFrom>
|
|||
|
|
, AF 2488,
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF95FFFE5C415832FA349F51" box="[1361,1436,1874,1898]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">SANC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF95FFFE59875815FE269FB6" box="[151,398,1909,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Pretoria Database No.</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="414C9D47FF95FFFE58845815FD999FB5" box="[404,561,1909,1934]" collectionCode="HYMC" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF95FFFE58845815FE429FB5" box="[404,490,1909,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">HYMC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
05228
|
|||
|
|
</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
, “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5B595815FD6C9FB5" box="[585,708,1909,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5B595815FD6C9FB5" box="[585,708,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Goetheana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp.
|
|||
|
|
<determinerName id="E489D9F8FF95FFFE5BE15816FCF89FB5" box="[753,848,1909,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">J. Huber</determinerName>
|
|||
|
|
det., 2006” (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF95FFFE5AF25816FB9B9FB5" box="[994,1075,1910,1934]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">SANC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="459565B4FF92FFF9598758D2FBF99FDC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257233/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="554" targetBox="[151,1436,195,1944]" targetPageId="3">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF92FFF9598758D2FBF99FDC" blockId="3.[151,1436,1970,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF92FFF9598758D2FEBA9FFC" bold="true" box="[151,274,1970,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Habitus of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF92FFF9589858D2FE5F9FF3" box="[392,503,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF92FFF9589858D2FE5F9FF3" box="[392,503,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">Goetheana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species. A, B,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF92FFF95B9E58D3FC849FF3" box="[654,812,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF92FFF95B9E58D3FC849FF3" box="[654,812,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, ♂; C, E,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF92FFF95A8258D3FB989FF3" box="[914,1072,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF92FFF95A8258D3FB989FF3" box="[914,1072,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF92FFF95D5458D3FB0F9FF3" box="[1092,1191,1971,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF92FFF95D5458D3FB0F9FF3" box="[1092,1191,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, ♀; D,
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF92FFF95DE258D3FAFA9FF3" box="[1266,1362,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">G. i n c e r t a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ♂; F– H,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF92FFF959A658B2FEB59FDC" box="[182,285,2001,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobzari">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF92FFF959A658B2FEB59FDC" box="[182,285,2001,2023]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="554">G. kobzari</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: F, ♀, G, H, ♂. A–G, combination of direct and reflected light; H, reflected light.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="459565B4FF95FFFE59875921FE3A9E4D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257234/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" targetBox="[156,1436,208,1576]" targetPageId="4">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF95FFFE59875921FE3A9E4D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1601,1654]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE59875921FEBA9E6D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1601,1623]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Fore wing of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE58B25921FDB99E6C" box="[418,529,1601,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE58B25921FDB99E6C" box="[418,529,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Goetheana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species. A, B,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5BBA5922FCE09E6C" box="[682,840,1601,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5BBA5922FCE09E6C" box="[682,840,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, ♂; C,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5A845922FB9A9E6C" box="[916,1074,1601,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5A845922FB9A9E6C" box="[916,1074,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5D565922FB029E6C" box="[1094,1194,1602,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5D565922FB029E6C" box="[1094,1194,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, ♀; D,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE5DE55922FAF19E6C" box="[1269,1369,1602,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE5DE55922FAF19E6C" box="[1269,1369,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">G. incerta</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, ♂; E, F,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF95FFFE59BF5901FEBF9E4D" box="[175,279,1632,1654]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kobzari">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE59BF5901FEBF9E4D" box="[175,279,1632,1654]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">G. kobzari</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: E, ♀, F, ♂.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF95FFFF59D758F9FAB6995F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1693,2006]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,968]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="556" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF95FFFE59D758F9FE2C9F89" bold="true" box="[199,388,1945,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Other material:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
11 Ƌ, Republic of South Africa,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF95FFFF5BEA58F9FF43988B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045521" collectingDate="2014-05-25" collectionCode="SIZK" collectorName="A. Gumovsky & C. Davies" county="Phalaborwa" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="556" location="Phalaborwa town" municipality="Molengraaf Farm" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limpopo Province">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="D32EFBDEFF95FFFE5BEA58F9FC669F89" box="[762,974,1945,1970]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Limpopo Province</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="F8344DB0FF95FFFE5AC958F9FBC89F89" box="[985,1120,1945,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Phalaborwa</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="F131AF46FF95FFFE5D7C58F9FA9C9F8A" box="[1132,1332,1945,1970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">Molengraaf Farm</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
, between the Palabora Copper Mine and
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF95FFFE5B0058DDFD749FEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF95FFFE5B0058DDFD749FEE" box="[528,732,1981,2006]" county="Phalaborwa" municipality="Molengraaf Farm" name="Phalaborwa town" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" stateProvince="Limpopo Province">Phalaborwa town</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMethod id="C8AB4D2BFF95FFFE5BFD58DDFC1B9FEE" box="[749,947,1981,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">yellow pan traps</collectingMethod>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF95FFFE5AD458DDFB9F9FED" box="[964,1079,1981,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="2014-05-25">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF95FFFE5AD458DDFB9F9FED" box="[964,1079,1981,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555" value="2014-05-25">25.V.2014</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF95FFFE5D5D58DEFB589FED" box="[1101,1264,1981,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">A. Gumovsky</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
&
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF95FFFE5C0F58DEFA3C9FED" box="[1311,1428,1981,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="555">C. Davies</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
) (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF94FFFF598F5FF8FF4B988B" box="[159,227,152,176]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">SIZK</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF94FFFF59EA5FF8FAC698EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045510" collectingDate="2015-09-30" collectingDateMax="2015-10-03" collectingDateMin="2015-09-30" collectionCode="SIZK, SANC" collectorName="A. Gumovsky" latitude="-26.140596" location="Northcliff" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.961208" municipality="Johannesburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limpopo Province">
|
|||
|
|
Ƌ,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="F131AF46FF94FFFF58325FF7FE16988B" box="[290,446,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Johannesburg</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF94FFFF58DD5FF7FDE8988B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF94FFFF58DD5FF7FDE8988B" box="[461,576,151,176]" latitude="-26.140596" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.961208" municipality="Johannesburg" name="Northcliff" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" stateProvince="Limpopo Province">Northcliff</location>
|
|||
|
|
, ex hort: suburban garden,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="74DE53FBFF94FFFF5A945FF8FB91988B" box="[900,1081,151,176]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" precision="1" value="-26.140596">S 26°8’26.149”</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="74DE53FBFF94FFFF5D585FF8FAA5988B" box="[1096,1293,151,176]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" precision="1" value="27.961208">E 27°57’40.349”</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMethod id="C8AB4D2BFF94FFFF5C0C5FF7FF7898EF" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">yellow pan traps</collectingMethod>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF94FFFF59F25FDCFECA98EE" box="[226,354,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2015-09-30">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF94FFFF59F25FDCFECA98EE" box="[226,354,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2015-09-30">30.IX.2015</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF94FFFF58685FDCFD8998EE" box="[376,545,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">A. Gumovsky</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
); 7 Ƌ, ibid.,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF94FFFF5BD65FDCFCC198EE" box="[710,873,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2015-10-01" valueMax="2015-10-03" valueMin="2015-10-01">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF94FFFF5BD65FDCFCC198EE" box="[710,873,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2015-10-01" valueMax="2015-10-03" valueMin="2015-10-01">01–03.X.2015</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
, under
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF5AD85FDCFB0598EF" box="[968,1197,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Kiggelaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF5AD85FDCFB0598EF" box="[968,1197,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Kiggelaria africana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF94FFFF5DD25FDCFAAC98EF" box="[1218,1284,188,212]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">SIZK</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF94FFFF5C065FDCFACE98EF" box="[1302,1382,188,212]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">SANC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF94FFFF5C905FDDFA3098C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045520" collectingDate="2014-08-18" collectingDateMax="2014-08-23" collectingDateMin="2014-08-18" collectorName="A. Gumovsky" country="Namibia" location="Baltimore Farm" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
Ƌ,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF59875FBFFF5298C3" box="[151,250,223,248]" name="Namibia" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, ~
|
|||
|
|
<locationDeviation id="00E72C1EFF94FFFF580F5F80FE5C98C3" box="[287,500,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="D61298D9FF94FFFF580F5F80FEC098C3" box="[287,360,223,248]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
SE Tsumeb
|
|||
|
|
</locationDeviation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF94FFFF5B115FBFFD1098CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF94FFFF5B115FBFFD1098CC" box="[513,696,223,248]" country="Namibia" name="Baltimore Farm" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Baltimore Farm</location>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMethod id="C8AB4D2BFF94FFFF5BD55FBFFC2C98CC" box="[709,900,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">yellow pan traps</collectingMethod>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF94FFFF5A815F80FBE598C3" box="[913,1101,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2014-08-18" valueMax="2014-08-23" valueMin="2014-08-18">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF94FFFF5A815F80FBE598C3" box="[913,1101,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2014-08-18" valueMax="2014-08-23" valueMin="2014-08-18">18–23.VIII.2014</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF94FFFF5D4F5F80FAAB98C3" box="[1119,1283,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">A. Gumovsky</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
); Ƌ,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF5C2D5FBFFA3098C3" box="[1341,1432,223,248]" name="Senegal" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF94FFFF59875E64FADB9927" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045517" box="[151,1395,260,285]" collectingDate="2008-04-03" collectionCode="SIZK" collectorName="A. Gumovsky" country="Namibia" location="Cheikh Anta Diop University" municipality="Botanical Garden" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dakar">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="D32EFBDEFF94FFFF59875E64FF759926" box="[151,221,260,285]" country="Senegal" name="Dakar" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Dakar</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="F131AF46FF94FFFF59FA5E64FE189926" box="[234,432,260,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Botanical Garden</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
of the
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF94FFFF5B145E64FCFB9926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF94FFFF5B145E64FCFB9926" box="[516,851,260,285]" country="Namibia" municipality="Botanical Garden" name="Cheikh Anta Diop University" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" stateProvince="Dakar">Cheikh Anta Diop University</location>
|
|||
|
|
, near pond,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF94FFFF5AF05E64FBF49927" box="[992,1116,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2008-04-03">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF94FFFF5AF05E64FBF49927" box="[992,1116,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="2008-04-03">03.IV.2008</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF94FFFF5D7E5E64FAA79926" box="[1134,1295,260,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">A. Gumovsky</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
) (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF94FFFF5C375E64FAC39927" box="[1319,1387,260,284]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">SIZK</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="A1823F61FF94FFFF5C905E64FAB2995F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291045511" collectingDate="1995-12-09" collectingDateMax="1995-12-10" collectingDateMin="1995-12-09" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="S. van Noort" country="Tanzania" latitude="-3.9666667" location="Ibaya" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="37.8" municipality="Mkomazi Game Reserve" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
30 Ƌ,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF59AB5E47FE8B997B" box="[187,291,295,320]" name="Tanzania" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="F131AF46FF94FFFF583F5E47FDE39904" box="[303,587,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Mkomazi Game Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<location id="143563E7FF94FFFF5B485E47FD3E997B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9943842AFF93FFFF59875FF7FBC69BF3:143563E7FF94FFFF5B485E47FD3E997B" box="[600,662,295,320]" country="Tanzania" latitude="-3.9666667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="37.8" municipality="Mkomazi Game Reserve" name="Ibaya" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Ibaya</location>
|
|||
|
|
camp,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="74DE53FBFF94FFFF5BFA5E48FCEB997B" box="[746,835,295,320]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" precision="925" value="-3.9666667">S 3°58’</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="74DE53FBFF94FFFF5A415E48FC11997B" box="[849,953,296,320]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" precision="925" value="37.8">E 37°48’</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF5AD55E48FBBB9904" box="[965,1043,296,319]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF5AD55E48FBBB9904" box="[965,1043,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Acacia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
spp bushveld,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMethod id="C8AB4D2BFF94FFFF5DAF5E47FADB9904" box="[1215,1395,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">yellow pan trap</collectingMethod>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF94FFFF5C905E48FE8A995E" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="1995-12-09" valueMax="1995-12-10" valueMin="1995-12-09">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="7510EA14FF94FFFF5C905E48FE8A995E" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="1995-12-09" valueMax="1995-12-10" valueMin="1995-12-09">9– 10.XII.1995</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
, SAM-HYM PO15128, PO15129, PO15132, PO15134, PO15137 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="BC1F50EAFF94FFFF5D065E2CFB0D995F" box="[1046,1189,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">S. van Noort</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
) (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="77FBADF9FF94FFFF5DAC5E2CFABA995F" box="[1212,1298,332,356]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="59F066B7FF94FFFF59D75E0FFA3599CF" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF94FFFF59D75E0FFA3599CF" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF59D75E0FFEB999B3" bold="true" box="[199,273,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Hosts.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Various thrips species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF5B4A5E0FFCD299B3" authority="Noyes 2015" authorityName="Noyes" authorityYear="2015" box="[602,890,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
|||
|
|
Thripidae (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5BCE5E10FCDA99B3" author="Noyes" box="[734,882,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Noyes, J. S. (2015) Universal Chalcidoidea Database. WWW publication, the Natural History Museum, London. Available from: http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / research-curation / projects / chalcidoids / index. html (accessed 10 April 2016)" type="journal article" year="2015">Noyes 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, including the agricultural pests
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF5C005E0FFD979997" authority="(Giard) (Clausen 1978)" authorityName="(Giard) (Clausen" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Selenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubrocinctus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF5C005E0FFE8D9996" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Selenothrips rubrocinctus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Giard) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF58855EF4FD9F9997" author="Clausen" box="[405,567,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Clausen, C. P. (Ed.) (1978) Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pests and Weeds: A World Review. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook, 545 pp." type="book" year="1978">Clausen 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF5B5F5EF4FACC9997" authority="(Bouche) (Hessein & McMurtry 1989)" authorityName="(Bouche) (Hessein & McMurtry" authorityYear="1989" box="[591,1380,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Heliothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haemorrhoidalis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF5B5F5EF4FC3C9996" box="[591,916,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Bouché) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5D0A5EF4FAF49997" author="Hessein" box="[1050,1372,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Hessein, N. A. & McMurtry, J. A. (1989) Biological studies of Goetheana parvipennis (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an imported parasitoid, in relation to the host species, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouche) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 65, 25 - 33." type="journal article" year="1989">Hessein & McMurtry 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF59875ED7FC8E99EB" authority="(Shumsher) (Murai et al. 2000)" authorityName="(Shumsher) (Murai et al." authorityYear="2000" box="[151,806,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Ceratothripoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claratris">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF59875ED7FE1699EB" box="[151,446,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Ceratothripoides claratris</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Shumsher) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5B465ED7FCB799EB" author="Murai" box="[598,799,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Murai, T., Kawai, S., Chongratanameteekul, W. & Nakasuji, F. (2000) Damage to tomato by Ceratothripoides claratris (Shumsher) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in central Thailand and a note on its parasitoid, Goetheana shakespearei Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology, 35 (4), 505 - 507. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1303 / aez. 2000.505" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
|||
|
|
Murai
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF5BB35ED9FD7C99EB" box="[675,724,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2000
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Occurrence of this parasitoid appears seasonal in South Africa, its adults being most numerous in the dry winter seasons, but hardly collected in the rainy summer seasons.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="59F066B7FF94FFFF59D75E9FFBC69BF3" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF94FFFF59D75E9FFBE39A5B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF59D75E9FFEC89A23" bold="true" box="[199,352,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Nearly cosmopolitan (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5B4F5E9FFCBD9A23" author="Triapitsyn" box="[607,789,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Triapitsyn, S. V. (2005) Revision of Ceranisus and the related thrips-attacking entedonine genera (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of the world. African Invertebrates, 46, 261 - 315." type="journal article" year="2005">Triapitsyn 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5A0F5D60FC039A23" author="Noyes" box="[799,939,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Noyes, J. S. (2015) Universal Chalcidoidea Database. WWW publication, the Natural History Museum, London. Available from: http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / research-curation / projects / chalcidoids / index. html (accessed 10 April 2016)" type="journal article" year="2015">Noyes 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Afrotropical:
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF5D465E9FFB379A23" box="[1110,1183,511,536]" name="Ghana" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5DBE5E9FFAE39A23" author="Clausen" box="[1198,1355,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Clausen, C. P. (Ed.) (1978) Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pests and Weeds: A World Review. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook, 545 pp." type="book" year="1978">Clausen 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF5C705D60FF7F9A07" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">
|
|||
|
|
Ivory
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="D32EFBDEFF94FFFF59875D44FF7F9A07" box="[151,215,548,572]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Coast</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF59F65D44FE379A06" author="Triapitsyn" box="[230,415,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Triapitsyn, S. V. (2005) Revision of Ceranisus and the related thrips-attacking entedonine genera (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of the world. African Invertebrates, 46, 261 - 315." type="journal article" year="2005">Triapitsyn 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF58A45D44FDB09A06" box="[436,536,548,573]" name="Namibia" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF5B345D44FD249A06" box="[548,652,548,573]" name="Tanzania" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF5B885D44FD599A06" box="[664,753,548,573]" name="Senegal" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(new records) and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="69FD75ACFF94FFFF5ADF5D44FBC99A06" box="[975,1121,548,573]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="D32EFBDEFF94FFFF5ADF5D44FBB99A06" box="[975,1041,548,573]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">South</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
Africa
|
|||
|
|
</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5D615D44FAB39A06" author="Annecke" box="[1137,1307,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Annecke, D. P. (1962) The genus Goetheana Girault in South Africa (Eulophidae-Hymenoptera). South African Journal of Agricultural Science, 5 (2), 273 - 279." type="journal article" year="1962">Annecke 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). However, as noted above, the specific status of the different populations requires confirmation.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="1155353CFF94FFFF59D75D0CFBC69BF3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">
|
|||
|
|
After initially recorded from Australia (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5B9E5D0CFC899ABF" author="Girault" box="[654,801,620,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Girault, A. A. (1920) New genera and species of Australian Mymaridae (Hymenoptera). Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 8, 96 - 100." type="journal article" year="1920">Girault 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and Java (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5AB75D0CFB9E9ABF" author="Gahan" box="[935,1078,620,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Gahan, A. B. (1927) Miscellaneous descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera with some synonymical notes. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 71, 1 - 39. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.71 - 2676.1" type="journal article" year="1927">Gahan 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), the species was mentioned in two catalogues of parasitoids and predators (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5BBC5DEFFCC59A93" author="Thompson" box="[684,877,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Thompson, W. R. (1955) A catalogue of the parasites and predators of insect pests. Section 2. Host parasite catalogue, Part 3. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, The Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 3, 327 pp." type="book" year="1955">Thompson 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5A6F5DEFFBB59A93" author="Herting" box="[895,1053,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Herting, B. (1971) Arachnida to Heteroptera. A catalogue of parasites and predators of terrestrial arthropods. Section A. Host or Prey / Enemy. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England, 1, 129 pp." type="book" year="1971">Herting 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In the former catalogue it was recorded from Ghana, Indonesia, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, whereas the records in the latter catalogue chiefly originated from the Neotropics (Bermuda, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela). Some of the records are likely to have been based on specimens studied later by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5D025D9DFB549B2E" author="Annecke" box="[1042,1276,764,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Annecke, D. P. (1962) The genus Goetheana Girault in South Africa (Eulophidae-Hymenoptera). South African Journal of Agricultural Science, 5 (2), 273 - 279." type="journal article" year="1962">D.P. Annecke (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and discussed in this paper.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF583E5C7FFDE99B03" box="[302,577,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF583E5C7FFDE99B03" box="[302,577,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">Goetheana shakespearei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(identified as this species due to the expanded antennal scape of males) was released for control of thrips in Trinidad and the Bahamas in 1935 and in USA (California, Florida) in
|
|||
|
|
<date id="655413FCFF94FFFF5C235C24FF679BBB" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" value="1962" valueMax="1982">1962 and 1982</date>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF59F15C07FDF09BBB" author="Viggiani" box="[225,600,871,896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Viggiani, G. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (1993) Prima segnalazione di Goetheana shakespearei Girault (Hymenoptera Eulophidae), parassitoide esotico di Thysanoptera, per l'Europa. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura (Serie II), 25 (1), 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="1993">Viggiani & Nieves-Aldrey 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5B785C08FCE39BBB" author="Bennett" box="[616,843,871,896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Bennett, F. D., Glenn, H. & Baranowski, R. M. (1993) Goetheana shakespearei (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) an immigrant parasitoid of thrips in Florida and Guadeloupe? Florida Entomologist, 76 (2), 395 - 397. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3495740" type="journal article" year="1993">
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Bennett
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF5BD95C09FD569BBB" box="[713,766,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">et al</emphasis>
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. 1993
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Thereafter the species was recorded from various regions, and assumed to be
|
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<taxonomicName id="D6EA4EBFFF94FFFF58DB5CEDFDD39B9E" box="[459,635,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Goetheana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shakespearei">
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<emphasis id="239EE92EFF94FFFF58DB5CEDFDD39B9E" box="[459,635,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="556">G. shakespearei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on distinctive morphological markers, i.e. the expanded antennal scape of the males (for example,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5B1A5CCFFD2A9BF3" author="Peck" box="[522,642,943,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Peck, O. (1963) A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Canadian Entomologist (Supplement), 30, 1 - 1092. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 9530 fv" type="journal article" year="1963">Peck 1963</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5B9D5CD0FC939BF3" author="De" box="[653,827,943,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="De Santis, L. (1979) Catalogo de los himenopteros calcidoideos de America al sur de los Estados Unidos. Publicacion Especial Comision de Investigaciones Cientificas Provincia de Buenos Aires, 488 pp." type="book" year="1979">De Santis 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="757B48CDFF94FFFF5A565CCFFC769BF3" author="Schauff" box="[838,990,943,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="556" refString="Schauff, M. E. (1991) The Holarctic genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 26 (4), 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1991">Schauff 1991</bibRefCitation>
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, and others).
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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