treatments-xml/data/A1/1B/87/A11B8782FF8CFFFB2605254ED5FB88DC.xml

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<document id="326AB5DCBC61567D8387AD6F19D102B5" ID-DOI="10.1051/parasite/2019067" ID-ISSN="1776-1042" ID-PMC="PMC6865761" ID-PubMed="31746733" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12524337" ID-ZooBank="71763E07-E6BC-4FB7-94B0-03132D46FFAF" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1719279293780" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Chaabane, Amira, Verneau, Olivier &amp; Preez, Louis Du" docDate="2019" docId="A11B8782FF8CFFFB2605254ED5FB88DC" docLanguage="en" docName="Parasite.26.67.pdf" docOrigin="Parasite (Paris, France) 26 (67)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2019067" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A40D95A4C09C797DBB807E438D2BF437.2:Parasite.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="A40D95A4C09C797DBB807E438D2BF437" docStyleName="Parasite.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Indopolystoma Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez 2019, n. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="5D22FFFAFF88FFFE26742242D4118D70" masterDocTitle="Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1727655995140" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="9398407E9B9B543EB672CF0C471F0E7C">Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DF50B29CC7C9E3AD0146BD1F5DFE8B93">Chaabane, Amira</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="282E345489DF134BA2687F401B7CF339">Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X 6001,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AFA7E88CB0C830732160E8E30BC80514">Verneau, Olivier</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D66ADC304824155E0DC7DEAAB5DC578B">Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X 6001, &amp; University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, &amp; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 66860 Perpignan, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="552071544E190B76D3BDD7FF7EA7BEA2">Preez, Louis Du</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C1C9178AFC74F3D43DF72941371F7C46">Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X 6001, &amp; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, 6140 Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="06E14B39CB1585E055C164CE1DFDB4C8">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8A5DE0A9EB6A687BDFAFBF2ED8E59CC4">2019-11-20</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A11B8782FF8CFFFB2605254ED5FB88DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A11B8782FF8CFFFB2605254ED5FB88DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A11B8782FF8CFFFB2605254ED5FB88DC" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="61A8651FFF8CFFFA2605254ED5758A50" box="[113,356,1804,1824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8CFFFA2605254ED5758A50" blockId="4.[113,356,1804,1824]" box="[113,356,1804,1824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="724581F8FF8CFFFA2605254ED5758A50" box="[113,356,1804,1824]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="4">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8CFFFA2605254ED5758A50" bold="true" box="[113,356,1804,1824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8CFFFA2605254ED5038A50" ID-CoL="7ZHJM" authority="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez, 2019" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" box="[113,274,1804,1824]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8CFFFA2605254ED5038A50" bold="true" box="[113,274,1804,1824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Indopolystoma</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8CFFFA276E254ED5758A50" box="[282,356,1804,1824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="290D3694FF8CFFFA26ED2507D50D8A0A" blockId="4.[113,713,1861,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:35517B78-23E5-4976-8D47776F62A5D82F</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="61A8651FFF8CFFFB260525EED5B58C11" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8CFFFA260525EED5268AB0" blockId="4.[113,768,1964,2046]" box="[113,311,1964,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8CFFFA260525EED5268AB0" bold="true" box="[113,311,1964,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Generic diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8CFFFB26ED258AD5B58C11" blockId="4.[113,768,1964,2046]" lastBlockId="5.[113,768,239,781]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body large and oblong. Intestical caeca bifurcate, diverticulated, confluent posteriorly with posterior diverticulum barely entering haptor. Intestinal anastomoses usually absent but at most a single anastomosis may be present. Vas deferens extends antero-medially, opens into seminal vesicle that opens into genital bulb, armed with 89 genital spines. Ovary comma shaped and prominent, sinistral, in anterior 20% of body. Oviduct arises from posterior region of ovary, connected by genito-intestinal canal to sinistral caecum, receives common vitelline duct, ascends giving rise to short tubular uterus that often holds a single egg but as many as 40. Vitellaria distributed throughout body proper except in region around ovary and reproductive ducts, extending marginally into haptor; left and right vitelline ducts join to form common vitelline reservoir near ovary, with duct to oviduct. Two prominent vaginae, antero-lateral to ovary; left and right vaginal ducts connected to respective vitelline ducts. Egg operculate, oval and lacking a filament. Haptor short relative to body size (haptor/total body length ratio &lt;0.15 for most species) with three pairs of suckers, one pair of hamuli and 16 marginal hooklets. Hamuli curved, unbranched in base (handle and guard not well separated) and with short recurved hook. Prominent big posteriormost marginal hooklet C1 (see numbering, [
<bibRefCitation id="4D234B65FF8DFFFB245622ADD62D8C76" author="Murith D." box="[546,572,239,262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="475 - 533" refId="ref12721" refString="36. Murith D. 1981. Contribution a l' etude de la systematique des polystomes (Monogenes, Polystomatidae) parasites d' amphibiens anoures de basse Cote d' Ivoire. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 88, 475 - 533." type="journal article" year="1981">36</bibRefCitation>
]) with prominent broad blade and guard, in contrast with smaller hooklets C2C8.
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB26BB236ED5B18C33" box="[207,416,300,323]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26BB236ED5798C33" box="[207,360,300,323]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
are parasites of the bladder of rhacophorid frogs from Asia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61A8651FFF8DFFFB26ED232BD6C38CEE" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8DFFFB26ED232BD6C38CEE" blockId="5.[113,768,239,781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Etymology: The prefix indo refers to
<collectingCountry id="51A57604FF8DFFFB2436232BD6688CF0" box="[578,633,361,384]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
, which was assumed to be the center of origin for this new genus [
<bibRefCitation id="4D234B65FF8DFFFB24C323C5D6D58CEE" author="Badets M &amp; Whittington I &amp; Lalubin F &amp; Allienne J-F &amp; Maspimby J-L &amp; Bentz S &amp; Du Preez LH &amp; Barton D &amp; Hasegawa H &amp; Tandon V &amp; Imkongwapang R &amp; Ohler A &amp; Combes C &amp; Verneau O." box="[695,708,391,414]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="762 - 781" refId="ref11115" refString="2. Badets M, Whittington I, Lalubin F, Allienne J-F, Maspimby J-L, Bentz S, Du Preez LH, Barton D, Hasegawa H, Tandon V, Imkongwapang R, Ohler A, Combes C, Verneau O. 2011. Correlating early evolution of parasitic platyhelminths to Gondwana breakup. Systematic Biology, 60, 762 - 781." type="journal article" year="2011">2</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61A8651FFF8DFFFB26ED23E4D52D8CCD" box="[153,316,422,445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8DFFFB26ED23E4D52D8CCD" blockId="5.[113,768,239,781]" box="[153,316,422,445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gender: neuter.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61A8651FFF8DFFFB26ED2386D65B8CAB" box="[153,586,452,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8DFFFB26ED2386D65B8CAB" blockId="5.[113,768,239,781]" box="[153,586,452,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB275B2387D6168CAC" authority="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez, 2019" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" box="[303,519,453,476]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="viridi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB275B2387D6168CAC" box="[303,519,453,476]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma viridi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB24642386D65B8CAB" box="[528,586,452,475]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61A8651FFF8DFFFB26ED23A1D61F8E7D" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8DFFFB26ED23A1D61F8E7D" blockId="5.[113,768,239,781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Other species:
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB274023A1D6538C8A" authority="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez, 2019" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" box="[308,578,483,506]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="elongatum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB274023A1D6538C8A" box="[308,578,483,506]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma elongatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB243E23A1D6948C8A" box="[586,645,483,506]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB24E623A1D4EA8F69" authority="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez, 2019" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="parvum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB24E623A1D4EA8F69" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma parvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB27762040D52D8F69" box="[258,316,514,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB27332040D4BF8F47" authority="(Fan, Li &amp; He, 2008)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Fan, Li &amp; He" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="carvirostris" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB27332040D64F8F69" box="[327,606,514,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma carvirostris</emphasis>
(Fan, Li &amp; He, 2008)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB26CD2062D50A8F47" box="[185,283,544,567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB275C2062D4BC8F26" authority="(Crusz &amp; Ching, 1975)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Crusz &amp; Ching" baseAuthorityYear="1975" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hakgalense" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB275C2062D62E8F47" box="[296,575,544,567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma hakgalense</emphasis>
(Crusz &amp; Ching, 1975)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB26C1207DD5028F26" box="[181,275,575,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB276A207DD4BF8F04" authority="(Diengdoh &amp; Tandon, 1991)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Diengdoh &amp; Tandon" baseAuthorityYear="1991" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="indicum" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB276A207DD6008F26" box="[286,529,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma indicum</emphasis>
(Diengdoh &amp; Tandon, 1991)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB26CC201FD5098F04" box="[184,280,605,628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB2751201CD4BC8FE3" authority="(Zhang &amp; Long, 1987)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Zhang &amp; Long" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="leucomystax" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB2751201CD6578F05" box="[293,582,606,629]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma leucomystax</emphasis>
(Zhang &amp; Long, 1987)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB26CC203ED5088FE3" box="[184,281,636,659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB2752203ED4BF8FC1" authority="(Meng, Song &amp; Ding, 2010)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Meng, Song &amp; Ding" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mutus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB2752203ED6168FE3" box="[294,519,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma mutus</emphasis>
(Meng, Song &amp; Ding, 2010)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB26CC20D8D5088FC1" box="[184,281,666,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB275320D9D4CB8FA0" authority="(Fan, Wang &amp; Li, 2004)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Fan, Wang &amp; Li" baseAuthorityYear="2004" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pingbianensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB275320D9D6488FC2" box="[295,601,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma pingbianensis</emphasis>
(Fan, Wang &amp; Li, 2004)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB269D20FBD55F8FA0" box="[233,334,697,720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB271520FBD4BC8F9E" authority="(Yamaguti, 1936)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Yamaguti" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rhacophori" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB271520FBD66D8FA0" box="[353,636,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma rhacophori</emphasis>
(Yamaguti, 1936)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB26C82095D5308F9E" box="[188,289,727,750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB2746209AD4BC8E7D" authority="(Shen, Wang &amp; Fan, 2013)" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Shen, Wang &amp; Fan" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zuoi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB2746209AD6158F9F" box="[306,516,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma zuoi</emphasis>
(Shen, Wang &amp; Fan, 2013)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00F557FDFF8DFFFB26C220B4D5048E7D" box="[182,277,758,781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB273B20B4D61F8E7D" box="[335,526,758,781]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB273B20B4D5F98E7D" box="[335,488,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61A8651FFF8DFFFB26052111D5FB88DC" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8DFFFB26052111D5488E17" blockId="5.[113,768,851,1453]" box="[113,345,851,871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26052111D5488E17" bold="true" box="[113,345,851,871]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="290D3694FF8DFFFB26ED212DD5FB88DC" blockId="5.[113,768,851,1453]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Within Asia,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB27402132D5DC8EF7" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" box="[308,461,880,903]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB27402132D5DC8EF7" box="[308,461,880,903]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other polystomatid genera infecting anurans by a combination of characteristics. Unlike
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB27DA21EFD60A8EB4" authorityName="Ozaki" authorityYear="1931" box="[430,539,941,964]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Diplorchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB27DA21EFD60A8EB4" box="[430,539,941,964]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diplorchis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB244F21EFD6D08EB4" authorityName="Kaw" authorityYear="1950" box="[571,705,941,964]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Eupolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB244F21EFD6D08EB4" box="[571,705,941,964]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eupolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB26052189D50A8E92" authorityName="Lim &amp; Du Preez" authorityYear="2001" box="[113,283,971,994]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Sundapolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26052189D50A8E92" box="[113,283,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sundapolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that all have an extensive uterus, it has a short uterus like
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB269121A8D5408971" authorityName="Zeder" authorityYear="1800" box="[229,337,1002,1025]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Polystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB269121A8D5408971" box="[229,337,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Polystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB27F221A8D60C8971" authorityName="Imkongwapang &amp; Tandon" authorityYear="2010" box="[390,541,1002,1025]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Neoriojatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB27F221A8D60C8971" box="[390,541,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Neoriojatrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Unlike
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB240D21A8D6EE8971" authorityName="Kaw" authorityYear="1950" box="[633,767,1002,1025]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Eupolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB240D21A8D6EE8971" box="[633,767,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eupolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB26D7264AD52B896F" authorityName="Imkongwapang &amp; Tandon" authorityYear="2010" box="[163,314,1032,1055]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Neoriojatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26D7264AD52B896F" box="[163,314,1032,1055]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Neoriojatrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that lack hamuli, it has a single pair of hamuli like
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB277D2665D564894E" authorityName="Zeder" authorityYear="1800" box="[265,373,1063,1086]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Polystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB277D2665D564894E" box="[265,373,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Polystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB27E52665D5EF894E" authorityName="Ozaki" authorityYear="1931" box="[401,510,1063,1086]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Diplorchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB27E52665D5EF894E" box="[401,510,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diplorchis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB243B2665D6E8894E" authorityName="Lim &amp; Du Preez" authorityYear="2001" box="[591,761,1063,1086]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Sundapolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB243B2665D6E8894E" box="[591,761,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sundapolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The haptor/total body length ratio is, for all species but one, less than 0.15 while it is usually far greater for all other anuran polystomes, namely
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB273E26C1D5A789EA" authorityName="Zeder" authorityYear="1800" box="[330,438,1155,1178]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Polystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB273E26C1D5A789EA" box="[330,438,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Polystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.190.27),
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB243226C1D6A289EA" authorityName="Ozaki" authorityYear="1931" box="[582,691,1155,1178]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Diplorchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB243226C1D6A289EA" box="[582,691,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diplorchis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.15 0.29),
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB26CA26E3D55589C8" authorityName="Kaw" authorityYear="1950" box="[190,324,1185,1208]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Eupolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26CA26E3D55589C8" box="[190,324,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eupolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.150.34),
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB279026E3D66A89C8" authorityName="Imkongwapang &amp; Tandon" authorityYear="2010" box="[484,635,1185,1208]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Neoriojatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB279026E3D66A89C8" box="[484,635,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Neoriojatrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.34) and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB26052682D50A89A7" authorityName="Lim &amp; Du Preez" authorityYear="2001" box="[113,283,1216,1239]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Sundapolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26052682D50A89A7" box="[113,283,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sundapolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.28). Whereas
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB27A72682D64889A7" authorityName="Kaw" authorityYear="1950" box="[467,601,1216,1239]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Eupolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB27A72682D64889A7" box="[467,601,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eupolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB241C2682D6EE89A7" authorityName="Imkongwapang &amp; Tandon" authorityYear="2010" box="[616,767,1216,1239]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Neoriojatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB241C2682D6EE89A7" box="[616,767,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Neoriojatrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB26DC269CD5438985" authorityName="Lim &amp; Du Preez" authorityYear="2001" box="[168,338,1246,1269]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Sundapolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26DC269CD5438985" box="[168,338,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sundapolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all have marginal hooklets of equal length, posteriormost marginal hooklet C
<quantity id="EE4A9B71FF8DFFFB245826BFD6448864" box="[556,597,1277,1300]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB241426BFD6E98864" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" box="[608,760,1277,1300]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB241426BFD6E98864" box="[608,760,1277,1300]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB26052759D4CC8842" authorityName="Zeder" authorityYear="1800" box="[113,221,1307,1330]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Polystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB26052759D4CC8842" box="[113,221,1307,1330]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Polystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB275D2759D5878842" authorityName="Ozaki" authorityYear="1931" box="[297,406,1307,1330]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Diplorchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB275D2759D5878842" box="[297,406,1307,1330]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diplorchis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is bigger than the remainder. However, if the posteriormost marginal hooklet C1 is the same shape as hooklets C2C
<quantity id="EE4A9B71FF8DFFFB2718271AD582881F" box="[364,403,1368,1391]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB27EE271AD617881F" authorityName="Zeder" authorityYear="1800" box="[410,518,1368,1391]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Polystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB27EE271AD617881F" box="[410,518,1368,1391]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Polystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB244F271AD6B9881F" authorityName="Ozaki" authorityYear="1931" box="[571,680,1368,1391]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Diplorchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB244F271AD6B9881F" box="[571,680,1368,1391]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diplorchis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is far more developed with prominent broad blade and guard in
<taxonomicName id="EEB24D17FF8DFFFB260527D7D51B88DC" authorityName="Chaabane &amp; Verneau &amp; Preez" authorityYear="2019" box="[113,266,1429,1452]" class="Monogenea" family="Polystomatidae" genus="Indopolystoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polystomatidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BC6EA86FF8DFFFB260527D7D51B88DC" box="[113,266,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indopolystoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="6430032FFF8DFFFB276F27D7D57A88DC" box="[283,363,1429,1452]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="6.[196,254,106,127]" captionTargetBox="[196,2000,158,1362]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 4. Body measurements of Indopolystoma spp." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 4</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B1892A11FF8DFFFB270E27D7D5CD88DC" box="[378,476,1429,1453]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStart-3="Figure 5" captionStart-4="Figure 6" captionStart-5="Figure 7" captionStart-6="Figure 8" captionStartId-0="7.[113,180,1617,1638]" captionStartId-1="8.[113,180,1271,1292]" captionStartId-2="9.[113,180,1437,1458]" captionStartId-3="10.[113,180,1675,1696]" captionStartId-4="11.[113,180,1453,1474]" captionStartId-5="12.[113,180,1372,1393]" captionStartId-6="13.[113,180,1505,1526]" captionTargetBox-0="[333,1240,264,1544]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1468,238,1242]" captionTargetBox-2="[333,1242,238,1412]" captionTargetBox-3="[333,1242,238,1644]" captionTargetBox-4="[113,1466,238,1423]" captionTargetBox-5="[333,1242,238,1352]" captionTargetBox-6="[113,1466,238,1474]" captionTargetId-0="figure-177@7.[333,1242,262,1588]" captionTargetId-1="figure-359@8.[113,1468,238,1242]" captionTargetId-2="figure-292@9.[333,1242,238,1412]" captionTargetId-3="figure-126@10.[333,1242,238,1654]" captionTargetId-4="figure-200@11.[113,1468,238,1423]" captionTargetId-5="figure-234@12.[333,1242,238,1352]" captionTargetId-6="figure-129@13.[113,1468,238,1474]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="13" captionText-0="Figure 2. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Dorsal view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 3. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Hamuli from holotype and paratypes. (AA) Holotype; (BH) Paratypes. Scale bar: 100 µm." captionText-2="Figure 4. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Marginal hooklets from paratypes. (A) Marginal hooklet C1; (B) Marginal hooklet C8; (C) Marginal hooklets C2C7. Scale bar: 20 µm." captionText-3="Figure 5. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus arboreus. Ventral view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm." captionText-4="Figure 6. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus arboreus. Hamuli and marginal hooklets from holotype and paratypes. (AA) Holotype; (AA) Paratypes; (B) Marginal hooklet C1; (B) Marginal hooklet C3; (B) Marginal hooklet C8. Scale bar: 100 µm (AA), 20 µm (BB)." captionText-5="Figure 7. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus omeimontis. Dorsal view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm." captionText-6="Figure 8. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus omeimontis. Hamuli and marginal hooklets from holotype and paratype. (AA) Holotype; (AA) Paratype; (B) Marginal hooklet C1; (B) Marginal hooklet C2; (B) Marginal hooklet C6 or C7. Scale bar: 100 µm (AA), 20 µm (BB)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524341" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524343" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524345" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524347" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524349" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524351" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12524353" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12524341/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12524343/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/12524345/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/12524347/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/12524349/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/12524351/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/12524353/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 28</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>