treatments-xml/data/B8/19/F3/B819F3C6AFE7AB025CD7CF8E14DE8BD0.xml

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<mods:title id="4AC0691BBBAEB9D8983E9D53FB2F7648">The genus Anthia Weber in the Republic of South Africa, Identification, distribution, biogeography, and behavior (Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E71761A69A4D0A522B23C27783935010">Mawdsley, Jonathan R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="22D18CEACE09886C559F209C5C144C96">Mawdsley, James L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5B7ED5D8FAFD51E3147CF730670E1FA8">Mawdsley, Alice S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="B819F3C6AFE7AB025CD7CF8E14DE8BD0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152031829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B819F3C6AFE7AB025CD7CF8E14DE8BD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B819F3C6AFE7AB025CD7CF8E14DE8BD0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" scope_family="Carabidae" scope_order="Coleoptera">
<subSubSection id="0CF4CED793B4CDD1F295308F604F45DA" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2E2B5627F379D1DE18AAE98266B0EA9B" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="F9C3A8EC0E665BDE5C877363285282E7" ID-CoL="5VCS9" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Anthia_circumscripta" authority="Klug, 1853" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta Klug, 1853</taxonomicName>
Figures 23-27, 313539
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="73F81316924D85473495D369C3382F4F" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B6C7A6A7F0DCD3DE493749BCABF75F2A" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="C857C8EFCED85F907562755A3705BCC8" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
Klug (1853:245).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EE347AC397E04CF80B911285C2C84FA" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="94B9412EE632DF22485ED2B288432BFF" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Type Locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF2D2A6EB5350508D4BD4BB5425F0172" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
<normalizedToken id="CC7E44FFE1A4A8A88C234FCF27255F75" originalValue="“Tette”">&quot;Tette&quot;</normalizedToken>
(= Tete, Mozambique).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4481CF3D8E934B33B8CD7434BDB4F20F" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="type depository">
<paragraph id="B5B7F9868E3D8C1CFFBF2A25ED32844C" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Type Depository.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B167ACA6B45E30DF2E2933ADEDCD6CC9" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="B47721D08EE1F8791BA190FCDC7F578B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
, Museum 
<normalizedToken id="444D1A6C6FCB211FFC1BC17CE1DF7F59" originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
Naturkunde, 
<normalizedToken id="AEA4FE303598D2EF62CFBC8CD36F25B3" originalValue="Humboldt-Universität">Humboldt-Universitaet</normalizedToken>
, Berlin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DDBF29191293A4BA9C92AAB6CFEC316" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7A341E5D0F0220FF9DD729C1D6200A51" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6C73D8390FC39AB92189863AE8FEFA48" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
Unrubbed specimens have scattered areas of white setae on the lateral flanges of the pronotum, which is a diagnostic feature for this species. Rubbed specimens resemble 
<taxonomicName id="B86C49716EA2FB9BB092993267BC90BA" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
but males can be separated by the structure of the male genitalia which are slender in 
<taxonomicName id="7454B66AFD438FA47779BF9AF114C07D" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
and stouter and more robust in 
<taxonomicName id="A643B2809D6F98DD68EA5A82158C58B9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
(Figures 30, 31). This species is known from relatively few specimens from RSA; however, it is represented in museum collections by large series from Botswana and Namibia, where it is evidently more frequently collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="529B4FFC870F76DB8E81B9FC6B636BF2" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="406B79212F4BF4975A04BF90B62DD3EC" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8C7DF4785E8F99AFC12453E7730AF5F" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Body size massive, length of male 41.3-48.0 mm (exclusive of mandibles), length of female 42.6-50.4 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C60D2D0E7DD61B77054496227B63F67D" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
Head elongate, prognathous. Mandibles larger in males than in females. Length of right mandible in male 7.4-8.6 mm. Palpi as in 
<taxonomicName id="382568A415F1CCA3D6C9859F3C318353" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
. Antennae, eyes, frons, and vertex as in 
<taxonomicName id="F2B2B31C56FA259AA76DF22227E62AF7" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A38D1E1FBBE855A221DC07D26D3C48C" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
Pronotum cordiform, shape as in 
<taxonomicName id="75322F34B8768631E2D59CD2F22A3B21" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
except that the basal flanges in male are often much smaller; apical margin of flanges transverse, with distinct emargination at apex of both flanges. Lateral flanges of pronotum with a more-or-less distinct patch of scattered short white reclinate setae. Pronotal surface sculpture smooth and shining, markedly punctate with large round punctures. Scutellum as in 
<taxonomicName id="D6243EC1565803DF570A0E1111860753" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
. Elytra elliptical-oval, convex medially. Vestiture as in 
<taxonomicName id="2398734D18613011C687A90C942DADD9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
. Each elytron with 8 distinct longitudinal striate interneurs, which may be feebly to somewhat markedly impressed; each interneur with a row of small round punctures, remainder of surface with scattered small round punctures. Legs as in 
<taxonomicName id="131732701E4CF22589B77022DB051FD2" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
, mesotibiae modified in both sexes as described for 
<taxonomicName id="6C107369BABF0F51B271AC77083C19F0" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7B6F602F1B1D810AC24CDC6E9A4DF73" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
Abdomen as in 
<taxonomicName id="82D03E8C93FF57E8988D1DC572C2EDFD" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
. Male aedeagus stout, robust (Figure 31).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E682C3EAAD36448A6DD0541A1B968735" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
<paragraph id="CD01FCB5388F293F1B0D57EAB90E2D40" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
Figures 28-31. Dorsal view of abdominal apex, with aedeagus extended 28 
<taxonomicName id="0745387352288BA53867BBF9A4386F0B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
(Thunberg) 29 
<taxonomicName id="08A871DD596206D00781C25A451DA174" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius) 30 
<taxonomicName id="1D7D873FB98099ACC96AF4BA565C6233" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
Lequien 31 
<taxonomicName id="B19685EB4D76A5C0AF049E3C766901AF" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
Klug.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BC5F5BC93EA5B42E8D8B3E8DB923090" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="variation">
<paragraph id="234A51B228678F799B65F8AD3FAC8E39" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="743C1AA036CE3A7CBCDB69FC5874F505" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Males exhibit considerable variation in the size and length of mandibles and in the size of the basal flange on the pronotum (Figures 23-25). Females also exhibit some variability in overall body size (Figures 26-27).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7E030EBDDF01940215241F271AFA165" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" type="adult activity patterns">
<paragraph id="A5F56263B66130F93A6F1C18FDEE90CD" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Adult activity patterns.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23F9592BF27C30D54F8009B63313B570" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
Distinctly bimodal (Figure 39), with populations from the Namib and Kalahari deserts having a July activity peak while populations from eastern Botswana, Zimbabwe and the few RSA records have an activity peak in 
<pageBreakToken id="875C58B9CCA4EEFF330DA2BF0785DBDA" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" start="start">November-March</pageBreakToken>
. Figure 39 shows records from throughout southern Africa, since only a very few specimens from RSA were available for study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FA875E338AA7E08BAD8604525195F54" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="7DA2370C0D7797917F56CD91A6AA0A28" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Material Examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC57C9551BDD5956A79C5CC2B56FBEA8" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">2 pinned adult specimens from the following localities: Republic of South Africa: Free State Province: Golden Gate. KwaZulu-Natal Province: Maritzburg. [Additional material was examined from Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>