treatments-xml/data/03/CF/05/03CF0539AA09FFD6FEF4FD70FB84FAE6.xml

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<mods:title id="2EFD7AC460B6ADA51DA7D3BDF9115BC0">Synopsis of the Neotropical Dissomphalus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BD9B42FAA09FFD6FEF4FD70FC76FD0E" blockId="67.[264,944,644,670]" box="[264,944,644,670]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<heading id="D0910343AA09FFD6FEF4FD70FC76FD0E" bold="true" box="[264,944,644,670]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B912683DAA09FFD6FEF4FD70FC76FD0E" bold="true" box="[264,944,644,670]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C66CFACAA09FFD6FEF4FD70FD2BFD0E" authority="Ashmead, 1894" authorityName=", Ashmead" authorityYear="1894" box="[264,749,644,670]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Dissomphalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="B912683DAA09FFD6FEF4FD70FDE1FD0E" bold="true" box="[264,551,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Dissomphalus confusus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7C9DEAA09FFD6FDD2FD70FD2BFD0E" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[558,749,644,670]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="188 - 254" refId="ref41278" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1894) Report on the Cynipidae, part of the Braconidae, the Ichneumonidae, the Proctotrypidae, and part of the Chalcididae. Part III. Journal of Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 25, 188 - 254." type="journal article" year="1894">Ashmead, 1894</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="135DA8AAAA09FFD6FD00FD70FC61FD0E" box="[764,935,644,670]" captionStart="FIGURES 118130" captionStartId="66.[264,382,1107,1131]" captionTargetBox="[458,1102,320,1087]" captionTargetId="figure-228@66.[445,1142,310,1111]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 118130. 118120. Dissomphalus clypeatus 118, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 119, process of basivolsella, ventral view; 120, outer lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; 121125, Dissomphalus collaris 121, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 122, metasoma, latero­dorsal view; 123, hypopygium, ventral view; 124, genitalia, ventral view; 125, genitalia, dorsal view; 126130, Dissomphalus confusus 126, metasoma, dorsal view; 127, genitalia, ventral view; 128, genitalia, dorsal view; 129, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 130, dorsal body of aedeagus, lateral view. (Scale bars = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019771/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figs. 126130</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37CE7A4AA09FFD6FEF4FD30FC87FD6B" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD9B42FAA09FFD6FEF4FD30FC87FD6B" blockId="67.[264,1323,708,763]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB769301AA09FFD6FEF4FD30FC87FD6B" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7923EAA09FFD6FEF4FD30FD2FFD4B" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[264,745,708,731]" page="193" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1894">
<taxonomicName id="4C66CFACAA09FFD6FEF4FD30FD2FFD4B" authority="Ashmead 1894: 193" authorityName=", Ashmead" authorityPageNumber="193" authorityYear="1894" box="[264,745,708,731]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Dissomphalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus">
<emphasis id="B912683DAA09FFD6FEF4FD30FDC2FD4B" box="[264,516,708,731]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Dissomphalus confusus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7C9DEAA09FFD6FDF1FD30FD2FFD4B" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[525,745,708,731]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="188 - 254" refId="ref41278" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1894) Report on the Cynipidae, part of the Braconidae, the Ichneumonidae, the Proctotrypidae, and part of the Chalcididae. Part III. Journal of Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 25, 188 - 254." type="journal article" year="1894">Ashmead 1894: 193</bibRefCitation>
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, 194195, 1895: 786,
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7923EAA09FFD6FC22FD30FB17FD4B" author="Dalla Torre, C. G. de" box="[990,1233,708,731]" page="558" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1898">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7C9DEAA09FFD6FC22FD30FB17FD4B" author="Dalla Torre, C. G. de" box="[990,1233,708,731]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 598" refId="ref41598" refString="Dalla Torre, C. G. de. (1898) Catalogus Hymenopterum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Chalcididae et Proctotrupidae. Suptibus Guilelmi Engelmann, 5, 1 - 598." type="journal article" year="1898">Dalla Torre 1898: 558</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7923EAA09FFD6FB22FD30FE5EFD6B" author="Kieffer, J. J." page="36" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1908">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7C9DEAA09FFD6FB22FD30FE5EFD6B" author="Kieffer, J. J." pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref42006" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1908) Bethylidae. Fascicule 76 In: P. Wytsman: Genera Insectorum, 76, 1 - 50 + 3 plates." type="book chapter" year="1908">Kieffer 1908: 36</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7923EAA09FFD6FE5FFD10FDD9FD6B" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[419,543,740,763]" page="496" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7C9DEAA09FFD6FE5FFD10FDD9FD6B" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[419,543,740,763]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 595" refId="ref42128" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1914 b). Bethylidae. Das Tierreich, 41, 1 - 595." type="journal article" year="1914">1914b: 496</bibRefCitation>
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, 501502,
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7923EAA09FFD6FD68FD10FCFBFD6B" author="Evans, H. E." box="[660,829,740,763]" page="46" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7C9DEAA09FFD6FD68FD10FCFBFD6B" author="Evans, H. E." box="[660,829,740,763]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 222" refId="ref41712" refString="Evans, H. E. (1964) A synopsis of the American Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 132, 1 - 222." type="journal article" year="1964">Evans 1964: 46</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37CE7A4AA09FFD6FEF4FCD8FC47FB6E" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD9B42FAA09FFD6FEF4FCD8FC47FB6E" blockId="67.[264,1323,812,1398]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B912683DAA09FFD6FEF4FCD8FE4EFCD6" bold="true" box="[264,392,812,838]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
— Male. Length
<quantity id="4C9E19CAAA09FFD6FDA2FCD8FD09FCD6" box="[606,719,812,838]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="1.92">1.92 mm</quantity>
. Mandible tetradentate. Clypeus with three small teeth, median carina high and angled in profile. Frons weakly coriaceous, with small punctures. Vertex slightly convex, with rounded corners. Notauli ill­defined and present only anteriorly. Metasomal tergite II with pair of small tufts of hairs, which lie in an inconspicuous depression (
<figureCitation id="135DA8AAAA09FFD6FE2FFC38FDFFFC76" box="[467,569,972,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 118130" captionStartId="66.[264,382,1107,1131]" captionTargetBox="[458,1102,320,1087]" captionTargetId="figure-228@66.[445,1142,310,1111]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 118130. 118120. Dissomphalus clypeatus 118, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 119, process of basivolsella, ventral view; 120, outer lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; 121125, Dissomphalus collaris 121, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 122, metasoma, latero­dorsal view; 123, hypopygium, ventral view; 124, genitalia, ventral view; 125, genitalia, dorsal view; 126130, Dissomphalus confusus 126, metasoma, dorsal view; 127, genitalia, ventral view; 128, genitalia, dorsal view; 129, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 130, dorsal body of aedeagus, lateral view. (Scale bars = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019771/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
). Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="135DA8AAAA09FFD6FD34FC38FCAFFC76" box="[712,873,972,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 118130" captionStartId="66.[264,382,1107,1131]" captionTargetBox="[458,1102,320,1087]" captionTargetId="figure-228@66.[445,1142,310,1111]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 118130. 118120. Dissomphalus clypeatus 118, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 119, process of basivolsella, ventral view; 120, outer lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; 121125, Dissomphalus collaris 121, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 122, metasoma, latero­dorsal view; 123, hypopygium, ventral view; 124, genitalia, ventral view; 125, genitalia, dorsal view; 126130, Dissomphalus confusus 126, metasoma, dorsal view; 127, genitalia, ventral view; 128, genitalia, dorsal view; 129, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 130, dorsal body of aedeagus, lateral view. (Scale bars = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019771/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 127128</figureCitation>
): paramere with apical half as an elongate and sharpened expansion, basal half wide, with margins convex (
<figureCitation id="135DA8AAAA09FFD6FBB3FC00FB71FB9E" box="[1103,1207,1012,1038]" captionStart="FIGURES 118130" captionStartId="66.[264,382,1107,1131]" captionTargetBox="[458,1102,320,1087]" captionTargetId="figure-228@66.[445,1142,310,1111]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 118130. 118120. Dissomphalus clypeatus 118, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 119, process of basivolsella, ventral view; 120, outer lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; 121125, Dissomphalus collaris 121, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 122, metasoma, latero­dorsal view; 123, hypopygium, ventral view; 124, genitalia, ventral view; 125, genitalia, dorsal view; 126130, Dissomphalus confusus 126, metasoma, dorsal view; 127, genitalia, ventral view; 128, genitalia, dorsal view; 129, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 130, dorsal body of aedeagus, lateral view. (Scale bars = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019771/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
); volsella with digitus thin; aedeagus with ventral ramus much shorter than dorsal body, laminar, surface subhorizontal, base very wide, narrowing up to the acute apex, inner margin parallel, outer margin very converging; dorsal body with two pairs of apical lobes (
<figureCitation id="135DA8AAAA09FFD6FB8CFB98FB10FB16" box="[1136,1238,1132,1158]" captionStart="FIGURES 118130" captionStartId="66.[264,382,1107,1131]" captionTargetBox="[458,1102,320,1087]" captionTargetId="figure-228@66.[445,1142,310,1111]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 118130. 118120. Dissomphalus clypeatus 118, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 119, process of basivolsella, ventral view; 120, outer lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; 121125, Dissomphalus collaris 121, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 122, metasoma, latero­dorsal view; 123, hypopygium, ventral view; 124, genitalia, ventral view; 125, genitalia, dorsal view; 126130, Dissomphalus confusus 126, metasoma, dorsal view; 127, genitalia, ventral view; 128, genitalia, dorsal view; 129, paramere and basiparamere, lateral view; 130, dorsal body of aedeagus, lateral view. (Scale bars = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5019771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5019771/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
), outer pair laminar, outer surface convex, apex thin and directed downward, base wide in lateral view, inner pair fully attached to outer pair, stout, membranous, short, surface hairy; apodeme extending beyond the subtriangular genital ring.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BD9B42FAA09FFD6FEC4FAF8FDAAFADE" blockId="67.[264,1323,812,1398]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B912683DAA09FFD6FEC4FAF8FDEBFAB6" bold="true" box="[312,557,1292,1318]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B0EBE72AA09FFD6FDACFAF8FDAAFADE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3321829609" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="H. H. Smith" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" location="SAINT VINCENT" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="USNM #2496" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54DD0A8DAA09FFD6FDACFAF8FD29FAB6" box="[592,751,1292,1318]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
: male,
<collectingCountry id="F371F4BFAA09FFD6FCB9FAF8FBE3FAB6" box="[837,1061,1292,1318]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">SAINT VINCENT</collectingCountry>
, Leeward side, 52,
<collectorName id="2693D1F9AA09FFD6FAF2FAF8FEB4FADE" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H. H. Smith</collectorName>
col. (
<specimenCode id="DBC01C54AA09FFD6FE4FFAC0FD99FADE" box="[435,607,1332,1358]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="Museum">USNM #2496</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37CE7A4AA09FFD6FEC4FAA8FB84FAE6" box="[312,1090,1372,1398]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD9B42FAA09FFD6FEC4FAA8FB84FAE6" blockId="67.[264,1323,812,1398]" box="[312,1090,1372,1398]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B912683DAA09FFD6FEC4FAA8FE00FAE6" bold="true" box="[312,454,1372,1398]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Comments.</emphasis>
— This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C66CFACAA09FFD6FCEDFAA8FC43FAE5" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1894" box="[785,901,1372,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Dissomphalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
<emphasis id="B912683DAA09FFD6FCEDFAA8FC43FAE5" box="[785,901,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">D. politus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genitalia.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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