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<document id="20DB6489545D1C29A1F8CED7475E3825" ID-CLB-Dataset="133178" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab121" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a2770ec2-41f4-4418-ba75-7ef5a99b88e4" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7035584" ID-ZooBank="89452E3C-3AFE-449C-93C6-24EEE19AE45D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1661767267254" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Delicado, Diana &amp; Hauffe, Torsten" docDate="2022" docId="039D87B34C281B5AFF19FAC4FEF377DA" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab121.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 196" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab121" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Radomaniola curta SUBSP. MERIDIONALIS 2022" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="407" masterDocId="FFA4FFCB4C251B54FFBAFF85FFD2705A" masterDocTitle="Shell features and anatomy of the springsnail genus Radomaniola (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae) show a different pace and mode of evolution over five million years" masterLastPageNumber="441" masterPageNumber="393" pageNumber="406" updateTime="1699373995385" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4896D63F072A42CA3A5D05C6E1708770">Shell features and anatomy of the springsnail genus Radomaniola (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae) show a different pace and mode of evolution over five million years</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B513E2F40E8868282826814E2E0AF1C">Delicado, Diana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E9229A9CC32C1A223DDBFE4523CEBF2B">Hauffe, Torsten</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="AE2958534560E4D82CF90DAA213BEDC9">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="305B779AC90C4DF681FADBC618369E4E">
<mods:date id="6A7776BE8BEB909CAB2CA085016CBC59">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3D85934EA41DFF0EE7F5DB948F5EB7C4" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0BAAA33247864702DBBFC38781DFA4D5">2022-02-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="FD5B7E2D4DC377C409CDE592E4C3410C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9EECF0318DB1000748A74F4AB29926F3">196</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="588929811B8EBE10A8069410229A3A6B">393</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="BAD3944BFFA5C576C1409E6343E7B66D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D0C79BFD1B1E1E966745DCF79F88596A" type="CLB-Dataset">133178</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="13BED7C67E9D467CB7FFCC3750589DC5" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab121</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3A3934B8C988748CA117957D584D250F" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039D87B34C281B5AFF19FAC4FEF377DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7043640" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199898768" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7043640" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87B34C281B5AFF19FAC4FEF377DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87B34C281B5AFF19FAC4FEF377DA" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C281B59FF19FAC4FE21752D" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FF19FAC4FE21752D" blockId="13.[163,779,1345,1399]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FF19FAC4FE21752D" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<taxonomicName id="4C344D264C281B59FF19FAC4FCD97503" ID-CoL="4R9KW" authority="SUBSP. MERIDIONALIS" authorityName="SUBSP. MERIDIONALIS" authorityYear="2022" box="[163,779,1345,1369]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Radomaniola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curta" status="SUBSP.">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FF19FAC4FE74750D" bold="true" box="[163,422,1345,1368]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">RADOMANIOLA CURTA</emphasis>
SUBSP.
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FDBCFAC1FD63750D" bold="true" box="[518,689,1348,1367]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">MERIDIONALIS</emphasis>
SUBSP.
</taxonomicName>
<heading id="D0C381C94C281B59FE01FAE6FE21752D" box="[443,499,1375,1399]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" reason="3">NOV.</heading>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C281B59FE21FA03FD9675B9" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FE21FA03FDC075C5" blockId="13.[411,530,1414,1439]" box="[411,530,1414,1439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
(
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FE1EFA03FE3C75C5" box="[420,494,1414,1439]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">FIGS 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FE46FA03FDD875C5" box="[508,522,1414,1439]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[163,241,1008,1030]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetId="figure-439@15.[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Anatomy of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov.A–F, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system. D, head of male and penis. E, penis. F, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FF19FA2BFD9675B9" blockId="13.[163,779,1454,1507]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FF19FA2BFE7A759E" box="[163,424,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF920C704C281B59FDC9FA2BFD9675B9" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">FAA1D97A- EE43-4DDF-BA3D-462BAFBEE7D7</uuid>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C281B59FF19F989FE817605" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FF19F989FE817605" blockId="13.[163,778,1548,1631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FF19F989FEFF767B" box="[163,301,1548,1569]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Etymology:</emphasis>
From Latin
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FE59F989FD50767B" box="[483,642,1548,1569]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">meridionalis</emphasis>
, southern, referring to the distribution of the species relative to its conspecifics.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C281B59FF19F90CFBF9710C" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FF19F90CFEF476A0" blockId="13.[163,779,1672,1786]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FF19F90CFE9D76C7" box="[163,335,1672,1694]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Type material:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="548F88074C281B59FED2F90DFE0176C4" box="[360,467,1672,1694]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FE58F90DFD3676C7" box="[482,740,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<collectionCode id="ED25AE604C281B59FE58F90DFDE776C7" box="[482,565,1672,1693]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
15.05/200152
</emphasis>
), a dissected animal deposited in the
<collectionCode id="ED25AE604C281B59FD80F922FD5F76E6" box="[570,653,1703,1724]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
collection. Type locality: Spring at Bigor Dolenci, North
<collectingCountry id="F32376354C281B59FF19F961FEF076A0" box="[163,290,1764,1786]" name="Macedonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Macedonia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FF19F8A7FBF9710C" blockId="13.[163,779,1826,1910]" lastBlockId="13.[826,1443,197,342]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FF19F8A7FEA5776D" box="[163,375,1826,1847]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Material studied:</emphasis>
Spring at Bigor Dolenci, North
<collectingCountry id="F32376354C281B59FF19F8C4FEF9770D" box="[163,299,1857,1879]" name="Macedonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Macedonia</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0050624C281B59FE80F8C4FE7C770C" box="[314,430,1857,1878]" degrees="41.484" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" precision="55" value="41.484">41.484°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0050624C281B59FE07F8C4FDE2770C" box="[445,560,1857,1878]" degrees="20.999" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" precision="55" value="20.999">20.999°E</geoCoordinate>
, C.W.,
<date id="FF8A10654C281B59FD33F8C7FCD7770C" box="[649,773,1857,1879]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" value="2008-05">May 2008</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED25AE604C281B59FF19F8E5FF27772F" box="[163,245,1888,1909]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
15.05/200152 (80% ethanol). Canal outflow of spring at Bigor Dolenci, North
<collectingCountry id="F32376354C281B59FB1CFF40FAF47081" box="[1190,1318,197,219]" name="Macedonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Macedonia</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0050624C281B59FA88FF40FA4C7080" box="[1330,1438,197,218]" degrees="41.484" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" precision="55" value="41.484">41.484°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0050624C281B59FC81FF61FC7670A3" box="[827,932,228,249]" degrees="20.999" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" precision="55" value="20.999">20.999°E</geoCoordinate>
, C.W. and D.L.,
<date id="FF8A10654C281B59FBEFFF61FB1470A3" box="[1109,1222,228,249]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" value="2008-05">May 2008</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED25AE604C281B59FB6BFF61FAC870A3" box="[1233,1306,228,249]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">UGSB</collectionCode>
12958 (80% ethanol). Spring-fed lake near the Kosovitiko River, Lista,
<collectingCountry id="F32376354C281B59FC3BFEA4FC03716C" box="[897,977,289,310]" name="Greece" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Greece</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0050624C281B59FC61FEA4FBE5716C" box="[987,1079,289,310]" degrees="39.73" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" precision="555" value="39.73">39.73°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0050624C281B59FBFBFEA4FB4E716C" box="[1089,1180,289,310]" degrees="20.48" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" precision="555" value="20.48">20.48°E</geoCoordinate>
, Z.E.,
<date id="FF8A10654C281B59FB5AFEA4FA82716C" box="[1248,1360,289,311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" value="2004-07">July 2004</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED25AE604C281B59FAE0FEA4FA71716C" box="[1370,1443,289,310]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">UGSB</collectionCode>
14439 (80% ethanol).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C281B59FC81FEFAFC1F7254" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FC81FEFAFC1F7254" blockId="13.[827,1445,382,527]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FC81FEFAFC6671CE" box="[827,948,383,404]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Central radular tooth formula 6-C-6/1-1; penis unpigmented, gradually tapering, shorter than head length and with one medial outgrowth on its left side; nervous system moderately concentrated (RPG ratio = 0.48).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C281B59FC81FDBDFAD97742" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FC81FDBDFA85742F" blockId="13.[827,1444,568,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FC81FDBDFC167217" box="[827,964,568,589]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Description:</emphasis>
Shell ovate-conic, 4.0–4.5 whorls, height 2.00–
<quantity id="4CCC9B404C281B59FCC7FDD3FC377236" box="[893,997,598,620]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="2.25">2.25 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FC4CFDD3FBBC7236" box="[1014,1134,598,620]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
; Supporting Information, Table S6). Periostracum yellowish. Teleoconch whorls convex, with deep sutures; body whorl large, occupying about three-quarters of total shell length. Protoconch ~450 µm wide, 1.5 whorls; nucleus ~150 µm wide; protoconch microsculpture pitted (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FB74FD75FAF6735F" box="[1230,1316,752,774]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
). Aperture slightly oval; inner lip slightly thicker than outer lip; peristome margin simple, straight (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FAA0FCA8FA417319" box="[1306,1427,813,835]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4B, D</figureCitation>
). Umbilicus narrow, not covered by the inner lip. Operculum oval, brownish, about two whorls; muscle attachment area oval and located near the nucleus (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FAC3FC0CFCAB73E7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
). Radular length intermediate, ~500 µm (~25% of total shell length), with ~40 rows of teeth (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FAFAFC43FA467386" box="[1344,1428,966,988]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
). Central tooth formula 6-C-6/1-1 (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FB09FC60FB2E73A0" box="[1203,1276,997,1019]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4I</figureCitation>
); basal tongue U-shaped, length about equal to lateral margin. Lateral tooth formula 4-C-4. Inner marginal teeth bearing 25–28 tapered cusps, shortening toward the base. Outer marginal teeth with 19–21 sharp cusps (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FB44FBE5FA9B742F" box="[1278,1353,1120,1142]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[145,1425,195,1317]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. Shells, operculum and radulae of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov. A, B, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FCE9FBFBFB70765E" blockId="13.[827,1444,568,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
Animal darkly pigmented except for neck and tentacles (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FC73FB18FBF874E9" box="[969,1066,1181,1203]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[163,241,1008,1030]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetId="figure-439@15.[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Anatomy of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov.A–F, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system. D, head of male and penis. E, penis. F, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
). Ctenidium with ~15 welldeveloped gill filaments, occupying ~50% of pallial cavity length and positioned posteriorly. Osphradium of intermediate width and opposite middle of ctenidium (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FC6AFA9DFBFF7574" box="[976,1069,1304,1326]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[163,241,1008,1030]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetId="figure-439@15.[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Anatomy of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov.A–F, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system. D, head of male and penis. E, penis. F, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). Stomach approximately as long as wide, with two chambers almost equal in size; style sac longer than wide, surrounded by an unpigmented intestine (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FBD3FAF1FB1075D0" box="[1129,1218,1396,1418]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[163,241,1008,1030]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetId="figure-439@15.[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Anatomy of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov.A–F, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system. D, head of male and penis. E, penis. F, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Nervous system slightly pigmented, almost pale, and moderately concentrated (RPG ratio = 0.48;
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FB60FA37FB3C759D" box="[1242,1262,1458,1479]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">N</emphasis>
= 1); cerebral ganglia approximately equal in size, presenting small black granules (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FB84FA6BFB43765E" box="[1086,1169,1518,1540]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[163,241,1008,1030]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetId="figure-439@15.[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Anatomy of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov.A–F, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system. D, head of male and penis. E, penis. F, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B59FCE9F988FAD97742" blockId="13.[827,1444,568,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
Male genitalia with a prostate gland approximately two times longer than wide, bean shaped; seminal duct entering the middle-posterior region; pallial vas deferens emerging close to its anterior edge (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FAF9F9ECFA467625" box="[1347,1428,1641,1663]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[163,241,1008,1030]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetId="figure-439@15.[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Anatomy of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov.A–F, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system. D, head of male and penis. E, penis. F, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
). Penis unpigmented, gradually tapering, shorter than head length, weakly folded along inner edge and with one medial outgrowth on its left side (
<figureCitation id="130F2A204C281B59FB59F940FA807681" box="[1251,1362,1733,1755]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[163,241,1008,1030]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetId="figure-439@15.[163,1443,195,969]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Anatomy of Radomaniola curta meridionalis subsp. nov.A–F, holotype (MNCN 15.05/200152). A, ctenidium and osphradium. B, stomach. C, partial nervous system. D, head of male and penis. E, penis. F, prostate gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035595/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Fig. 5D, E</figureCitation>
); penis attached to the area close to the right eye; penial duct narrow, near outer edge, almost straight.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C281B5AFC81F8C4FE717677" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="13" pageNumber="406" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C281B5AFC81F8C4FE717677" blockId="13.[827,1444,1857,1910]" lastBlockId="14.[145,762,1468,1582]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C281B59FC81F8C4FC49770C" box="[827,923,1857,1878]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="406">Habitat:</emphasis>
The three localities where this species was found were small, shallow spring-fed waters filled with stones and mud. Snails were found in low abundance on stones at the three localities and co-occurring with
<taxonomicName id="4C344D264C2B1B5AFF2BFA7CFDEB7654" authority="(KuScer, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="KuScer" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[145,569,1527,1551]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Horatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="macedonica">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFF2BFA7CFE567654" box="[145,388,1529,1550]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">Horatia macedonica</emphasis>
(KuŠcer, 1937)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C344D264C2B1B5AFDC1FA7CFE4D7677" authority="(Muller, 1774)" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1774" class="Gastropoda" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Stagnicola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palustris">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFDC1FA7CFF247677" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">Stagnicola palustris</emphasis>
(Müller, 1774)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4B662D4C2B1B5AFF2BFAC9FB5375C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035593" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7035593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035593/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" startId="14.[145,228,1356,1378]" targetBox="[145,1425,195,1317]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C2B1B5AFF2BFAC9FB5375C7" blockId="14.[145,1424,1356,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFF2BFAC9FED07538" bold="true" box="[145,258,1356,1378]" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Shells, operculum and radulae of
<taxonomicName id="4C344D264C2B1B5AFD29FAC8FBD47539" authority="Delicado &amp; Hauffe, 2022" authorityName="Delicado &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2022" box="[659,1030,1357,1379]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Radomaniola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="curta" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFD29FAC8FBD47539" box="[659,1030,1357,1379]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">Radomaniola curta meridionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27357CC4C2B1B5AFBB5FAC8FB587539" box="[1039,1162,1357,1379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, B, holotype (
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFAF9FAC8FEF775DA" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">MNCN 15.05/200152</emphasis>
). C, D, shell (UGSB 14439). E–J, holotype (
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFD4CFAEFFC0F75DA" box="[758,989,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">MNCN 15.05/200152</emphasis>
). E, F, operculum (E, inner side; F, outer side). G, protoconch. H, portion of radula ribbon. I, central radular teeth. J, outer marginal teeth.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32E652E4C2B1B5AFF2BF9D3FEF377DA" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8B36A54C2B1B5AFF2BF9D3FEF377DA" blockId="14.[145,761,1622,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFF2BF9D3FD4B7631" box="[145,665,1622,1644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">
Remarks:
<taxonomicName id="4C344D264C2B1B5AFEAFF9D3FD4B7631" authorityName="Delicado &amp; Hauffe" authorityYear="2022" box="[277,665,1622,1644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Radomaniola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="curta" subSpecies="meridionalis">Radomaniola curta meridionalis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
bears a smaller shell than other subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C344D264C2B1B5AFDFEF9F3FD4F76D1" box="[580,669,1654,1675]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Radomaniola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curta">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFDFEF9F3FD4F76D1" box="[580,669,1654,1675]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">R. curta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
studied herein, in addition to a wider and shorter penis (Supporting Information, Tables S6 and S9) and an average sequence divergence from other conspecific lineages of 0.6–2.2% for
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFE14F975FE0C775F" box="[430,478,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">COI</emphasis>
. It is also differentiated from the geographically proximate
<taxonomicName id="4C344D264C2B1B5AFDA4F88BFE2D7718" authority="(Reischutz, 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Reischutz" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Radomaniola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="407" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="curta" subSpecies="bermius">
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFDA4F88BFD2A777E" box="[542,760,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">Radomaniola curta</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B940EAB74C2B1B5AFF67F8A8FEE57718" box="[221,311,1837,1858]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="407">bermius</emphasis>
(Reischütz, 1988)
</taxonomicName>
in having a shell with smaller umbilicus, larger aperture and more convex spire whorls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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