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257 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1cede2a7-3880-480c-8401-1015e5440145" ID-PMC="PMC7674391" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-990-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" ID-PubMed="33269011" ID-ZooBank="7B73642C278D40F89091B26213C9A704" ModsDocID="1313-2970-990-1" checkinTime="1605112396458" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shimizu, So, Broad, Gavin R. & Maeto, Kaoru" docDate="2020" docId="1DF2B9F9D92E5FFF99886A733ECD50B7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 990: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 990" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542" docTitle="Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169845364" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shimizu, So</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan & DC and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan & Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-4552</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">parasitoidwasp.sou@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maeto, Kaoru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number>990</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-990-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7B73642C278D40F89091B26213C9A704</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170296392" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1DF2B9F9D92E5FFF99886A733ECD50B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DF2B9F9D92E5FFF99886A733ECD50B7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="1DF2B9F9-D92E-5FFF-9988-6A733ECD50B7" authority="Cameron, 1905" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 33</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">Enicospilus nigropectus</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905b: 123; HT ♀ from Sarawak, NHMUK, examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus hariolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hariolus">Henicospilus hariolus</taxonomicName>
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Morley, 1912: 44; LCT ♀ from Sri Lanka, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220), NHMUK, examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Amesospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amesospilus nigrostemmaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrostemmaticus">Amesospilus nigrostemmaticus</taxonomicName>
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Enderlein, 1921: 19; LCT ♀ from Sumatra, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Townes, HK" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 522" refId="B178" refString="Townes, HK, Townes, M, Gupta, VK, 1961. A catalogue and reclassification of the Indo-Australian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 1: 1 - 522" title="A catalogue and reclassification of the Indo-Australian Ichneumonidae." volume="1" year="1961">Townes et al. (1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 288), IZPAN, not examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscomaculatus">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus</taxonomicName>
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Uchida, 1928: 216; LCT ♀ from Korea, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Townes, HK" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 661" refId="B179" refString="Townes, HK, Momoi, S, Townes, M, 1965. A catalogue and reclassification of the eastern Palearctic Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 5: 1 - 661" title="A catalogue and reclassification of the eastern Palearctic Ichneumonidae." volume="5" year="1965">Townes et al. (1965</bibRefCitation>
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: 328), SEHU, examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus subsp. yakushimensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fuscomaculatus" subSpecies="yakushimensis">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus yakushimensis</taxonomicName>
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Yasumatsu, 1934: 67; HT ♀ from Japan, KUEC, examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 90" refId="B195" refString="Watanabe, K, Yamauchi, T, 2014. Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 20: 81 - 90" title="Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan." volume="20" year="2014">Watanabe and Yamauchi (2014</bibRefCitation>
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: 86).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Total of 225 specimens (123♀♀100♂♂ and 2 unsexed): Brunei (3♀♀2♂♂), China (1♀1♂), Indonesia (1♀), Japan (99♀♀81♂♂ and 2 unsexed), Korea (1♀), Malaysia (1♀2♂♂), Sri Lanka (1♀), Taiwan (15♀♀13♂♂), Thailand (1♀), unknown (1♂).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type series: HT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus nigropectus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905, Kuching, Sarawak, MALAYSIA, V.1903, P. Cameron leg. (NHMUK, Type 3b.1238); LCT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus hariolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hariolus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henicospilus hariolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Morley, 1912, Kandy, SRI LANKA, V.1910, Green leg. (NHMUK, Type 3b.1264); LCT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscomaculatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Uchida, 1928,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Shakôji">Shakoji</normalizedToken>
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, KOREA, VII.1927, Takano leg. (SEHU); HT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus subsp. yakushimensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fuscomaculatus" subSpecies="yakushimensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus yakushimensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Yasumatsu, 1934, Yakushima, Kagoshima Pref.,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ryûkyûs">Ryukyus</normalizedToken>
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, JAPAN, 21.VII.1931 (KUEC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Australasian, Eastern Palaearctic, and Oriental regions (
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<bibRefCitation author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="www.taxapad.com" refId="B199" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario, Canada. www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario, Canada." url="www.taxapad.com" year="2016">Yu et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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JAPAN: [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tôhoku">Tohoku</normalizedToken>
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] Aomori (
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<bibRefCitation author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Ichita, T" editor="Kakei, K" journalOrPublisher="Aomori City Government, Aomori" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 264" refId="B52" refString="Ichita, T, 1994. Other insects. In: Kakei, K, Ed., Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan. Aomori City Government, Aomori: 167 - 264" title="Other insects." volumeTitle="Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan." year="1994">Ichita 1994</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Yamagata*; [Hokuriku] Niigata*, Ishikawa*, and Fukui*; [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kantô-Kôshin">Kanto-Koshin</normalizedToken>
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]
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tôkyô">Tokyo</normalizedToken>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Konishi, K" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum of Nature and Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="485 - 497" refId="B72" refString="Konishi, K, Matsumoto, R, Yoshida, T, Watanabe, K, 2014. Ichneumonidae and Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) collected by faunal survey of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. Memoirs of the National Museum of Nature and Science 50: 485 - 497" title="Ichneumonidae and Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) collected by faunal survey of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo." volume="50" year="2014">Konishi et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Kanagawa (
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<bibRefCitation author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="101 - 109" refId="B192" refString="Watanabe, K, Komagata, S, Suzuki, Y, 2016. A list of parasitoid wasp specimens of Y. Suzuki collection. Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) 45: 101 - 109" title="A list of parasitoid wasp specimens of Y. Suzuki collection." volume="45" year="2016">Watanabe et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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; present study); [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tôkai">Tokai</normalizedToken>
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] Shizuoka (
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<bibRefCitation author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Suruga no konchu" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="6495 - 6508" refId="B193" refString="Watanabe, K, Makanai, H, 2011. Check list of the Ichneumonidae in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Suruga no konchu 236: 6495 - 6508" title="Check list of the Ichneumonidae in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan." volume="236" year="2011">Watanabe and Makanai 2011</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Mie (
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<bibRefCitation author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
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; present study); [Kinki]
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hyôgô">Hyogo</normalizedToken>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Iwata, K" journalOrPublisher="Acta Hymenopterologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="63 - 74" refId="B54" refString="Iwata, K, 1958. Ovarian eggs of 233 species of the Japanese Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Acta Hymenopterologia 1: 63 - 74" title="Ovarian eggs of 233 species of the Japanese Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera)." volume="1" year="1958">Iwata 1958</bibRefCitation>
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; present study), Nara*, and Wakayama*; [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chûgoku">Chugoku</normalizedToken>
|
||
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] Okayama* and Hiroshima (
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Maeto, K" journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous reports of the Hiwa museum for Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 87" refId="B92" refString="Maeto, K, Shimizu, S, 2019. Ichneumonid wasps collected in a light trap at Mori, Tojyo-cho, Shobara-city, Hiroshima Prefecture, Southwest Honshu, Japan. Miscellaneous reports of the Hiwa museum for Natural History 60: 81 - 87" title="Ichneumonid wasps collected in a light trap at Mori, Tojyo-cho, Shobara-city, Hiroshima Prefecture, Southwest Honshu, Japan." volume="60" year="2019">Maeto and Shimizu 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
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; present study); [Shikoku] Ehime* and
|
||
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kôchi">Kochi</normalizedToken>
|
||
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(
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
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; present study); [
|
||
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kyûshû">Kyushu</normalizedToken>
|
||
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|
] Fukuoka (
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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; present study), Kumamoto*, Miyazaki* and Kagoshima (
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Yasumatsu, K" journalOrPublisher="Mushi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 67" refId="B197" refString="Yasumatsu, K, 1934. Les Hymenopteres de l'ile Yakushima. Mushi 7: 61 - 67" title="Les Hymenopteres de l'ile Yakushima." volume="7" year="1934">Yasumatsu 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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|
;
|
||
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 90" refId="B195" refString="Watanabe, K, Yamauchi, T, 2014. Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 20: 81 - 90" title="Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan." volume="20" year="2014">Watanabe and Yamauchi 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; present study); [
|
||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ryûkyûs">Ryukyus</normalizedToken>
|
||
|
|
] Kagoshima (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Insecta matsumurana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="82 - 100" refId="B184" refString="Uchida, T, 1956. Die Ichneumoniden aus der Amami Inselgruppe. Insecta matsumurana 19: 82 - 100" title="Die Ichneumoniden aus der Amami Inselgruppe." volume="19" year="1956">Uchida 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 105" refId="B191" refString="Watanabe, K, 2018. Hymenopterous insects collected by the field survey in Okinoerabujima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) 47: 93 - 105" title="Hymenopterous insects collected by the field survey in Okinoerabujima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan." volume="47" year="2018">Watanabe 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; present study) and Okinawa*. *New records.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ichita, T" editor="Kakei, K" journalOrPublisher="Aomori City Government, Aomori" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 264" refId="B52" refString="Ichita, T, 1994. Other insects. In: Kakei, K, Ed., Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan. Aomori City Government, Aomori: 167 - 264" title="Other insects." volumeTitle="Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan." year="1994">Ichita (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
recorded this species under the incorrect spelling, '
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">nigripectus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
'.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This is one of the most frequently encountered wasps in Japan as well as in southeast Asia, especially Sundaland.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="bionomics">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bionomics.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
This species is very easily distinguished from all other Japanese
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
by the black interocellar area (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
), characteristic bullet-shaped proximal sclerite (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33F</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
), and the absence of the central sclerite (Fig.
|
||
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33F</figureCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Morphological characters indicate that
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. nigropectus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. nigropectus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is very closely related to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. montaguei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="montaguei">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. montaguei</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(Turner, 1919), but can be distinguished by the longer fore wing fenestra and irregularly rugose scutellum of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. nigropectus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. nigropectus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
. Moreover, this species has been confused with
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. abdominalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. abdominalis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
by many authors but is very easily separated from it (cf. Differential diagnosis of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. abdominalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. abdominalis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
This species exhibits a wide range of colour variation, but the Japanese specimens are morphologically stable. Japanese specimens have a slightly wider mandible than specimens from other regions, as mentioned by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; however, we have not found any other characters to separate the Japanese population.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 33" startId="F33">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 33.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus nigropectus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
habitus
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
head, frontal view
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
head, dorsal view
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
head, lateral view
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
mesosoma, lateral view
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
central part of fore wing.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|