treatments-xml/data/03/C7/92/03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935.xml

<document id="342CEB90109726CB4058C51797B10991" ID-CLB-Dataset="9069" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.730.1197" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d640faf0-b3db-4fad-baaf-9eeaef7350e4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4418973" ID-ZooBank="857A9432-9083-46B3-B0BF-B34D619EB350" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609836157183" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sørensen, Martin V., Goetz, Freya E., Herranz, María, Chang, Cheon Young, Chatterjee, Tapas, Durucan, Furkan, Neves, Ricardo C., Yildiz, N. Özlem, Norenburg, Jon &amp; Yamasaki, Hiroshi" docDate="2020" docId="03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-730_1-101.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 730" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Echinoderes pacificus Schmidt 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFFEEA08FFAF571CB348FFDF1A73FF96" masterDocTitle="Description, redescription and revision of sixteen putatively closely related species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida), with the proposition of a new species group - the Echinoderes dujardinii group" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698852701201" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="8573B71933CC25FAA834CDC8F0790437" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9FF1D03D6AA88ED8AD441DD17B44B167">
<mods:title id="641F374FAD93401B5501C42A3544F0C5">Description, redescription and revision of sixteen putatively closely related species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida), with the proposition of a new species group - the Echinoderes dujardinii group</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="20AF68E7AEDDAA9CD15224E867A11444" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1F525E511FB13A22D073E41CD197AF57">
<mods:roleTerm id="3FD165ACF7E5517AB91AD1FAC11B5B39">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="194D40EF5FF48C29BE09D96B4EABA3A5">Sørensen, Martin V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0B9A00476E590E09975648ADB988C336" type="LSID">4143D650-12FC-4914-93F5-2C39339A7156</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BBE4D33ACB967130886045923FDF3C54">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA. Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Life Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea. Crescent International School, Bario, Govindpur, Dhanbad 828109, Jharkhand, India. Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Department of Aquaculture, 32260 Isparta, Turkey. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Silifke Vocational School Aquaculture Program, Mersin University, 33940 Mersin, Turkey. Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819 - 0395, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3A029475164A8D2F8FF3D4713393713F" type="email">mvsorensen@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AA51BF27DAED0D54BF3FFC927D4878CF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="88BBC5AC4BBB0D595C0767626772CABC">
<mods:roleTerm id="F98E02801EC717DD9810776115727D32">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="413D9A8E2FE8B1F1ABBDBA2E3005204A">Goetz, Freya E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="13903E6D666B7764A72D7730BD4E32E5" type="LSID">5849A537-F762-4B25-9493-E8B32690C49D</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EB45D2EC9AA652EFC98D0938E749393F">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3BB9026A79CD571887154E7F4062D4C0" type="email">GoetzF@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BF70D3661C0F007ABD44A5700678B238" type="personal">
<mods:role id="792A59152165849706CBFB403C8F68EA">
<mods:roleTerm id="EAEC30034C416AF760BAE19643385D69">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E79C34EA8F1AC9667D00BB6E548E45C5">Herranz, María</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F7E13A2D3C78E97A9F1BFEED1A252362" type="LSID">2A7DE5DC-FF82-49CC-9DD4-CC0AFA1B281B</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8EAC29388CCE0B58B0B537DA29BA1BA2">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA. Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Life Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea. Crescent International School, Bario, Govindpur, Dhanbad 828109, Jharkhand, India. Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Department of Aquaculture, 32260 Isparta, Turkey. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Silifke Vocational School Aquaculture Program, Mersin University, 33940 Mersin, Turkey. Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819 - 0395, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EC88D3FE44AC9C9238101A489AE33A19" type="email">maria.herranz@bio.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F6CF41F0DE716F5B1388EB1CCADC311A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="69716AFAD944C3EBC6EF8D036EA1D248">
<mods:roleTerm id="C259CB2106B08276CCDE0CE1DAED8C33">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="25FBA1B0162CE7EA41B5144544D5A360">Chang, Cheon Young</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="983C6F3316B28D075084040F8027A6B0" type="LSID">497A5735-AA95-498A-A1B8-58180C2ACA33</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BA5033268097FDF55315EAA80A397C11">Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Life Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AD8341396266AC78EE99347030BF0842" type="email">cychang@daegu.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="87E5FBAE2969D703B8B2BFA08DB43A87" type="personal">
<mods:role id="319C0EF9DC591FFBF5C0E6DAB027B56F">
<mods:roleTerm id="460FAB15FBDCC72F8E7F54321D36BD78">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D0F8B46E7D1B5D16A3F90D0E04C0CE60">Chatterjee, Tapas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="25DBFED1C256ADDBBF602EEBA42E2802" type="LSID">F35C0625-55F6-4307-A7BE-93416BE6F0D7</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="689720EE73AC00F53DA3BCC8DB46FCFD">Crescent International School, Bario, Govindpur, Dhanbad 828109, Jharkhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0F9EE0F2AC7BCE21164BFB62EAA55E73" type="email">drtchatterjee@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E4854C32ED708BDC357D6FA1B26D6DEA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="03DCDEFE1AE087A3267F639FE130065C">
<mods:roleTerm id="1A687FF60DA304325BAC5FDC466F046D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="288719FC2601F7F674A784346B4590A7">Durucan, Furkan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="877D6D0D64EFA05E92A71C57803E73CD" type="LSID">62189A90-E675-49B1-BE3C-F4657CA40EE4</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="82B41755BF4EDD2CF5E385F1D6A7E87E">Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Department of Aquaculture, 32260 Isparta, Turkey.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B3DA4260D4B408A7E9B06FB5B09B267" type="email">f_durucan@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CC3CB8566C78BA581D156A6E23E54E3F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9FDB7BF04C58B4F925F9E9382734B812">
<mods:roleTerm id="3BF5146576513EF049FFB2E1713AA9D5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2E181145C7C5B2DB5CEC0E2BE4E451FE">Neves, Ricardo C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="76760058F5ED4A7280F53AF53E343C22" type="LSID">C2B164FF-E8D8-468E-A07E-C39E1C71E65E</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FE8737E9FF4434CDD31D9A69819F4234">Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3484B35C73CA95C3DD406B96DBF70B5D" type="email">ricardon.6@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1C760BB5E9F94ECFC7350D846B39C123" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7BAF3869CE35140E3370CBEC330AB291">
<mods:roleTerm id="F940A382D52FFB970E701CEABDADC55A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8CB53142D5417D2CD43CF0F914F26094">Yildiz, N. Özlem</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C801E214E38621908A2229770B0F5F4" type="LSID">CE2E097A-4499-498C-980E-F21A4156F76E</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EAA9DE597BDF2BDD53ACDE8F9520CF2D">Silifke Vocational School Aquaculture Program, Mersin University, 33940 Mersin, Turkey.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="07CA78631657B4D09C5FA627B2D5E13C" type="email">nozlemkoroglu@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="15036538A7178A57A3B0169661DCCF49" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5200864E758C350348F0BB172D08979D">
<mods:roleTerm id="5AE30849E80F67716AF4085DCC84F07D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1624D03BDEE04A86EA12F28B2796244E">Norenburg, Jon</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6C0C083F7E87D8A11DF5604E483230C7" type="LSID">B8710D9A-1549-4E17-AF4F-6B598744C02E</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6557C9F528B3333B6020A43DA6D6A3BF">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DF2CB7D6111B00114763E94E9FDF0E4A" type="email">NORENBUR@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CD77A70ADB616A0C4F8414643CBE755D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="20F3FB08B1BFDFAEC9945D37C4689558">
<mods:roleTerm id="9CE2D0DC8B92454440BA39F047658743">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DB569C2ADBE851766F2512831EE24AA3">Yamasaki, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EA7ED37F7D3940C316339800146F6FD5">Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819 - 0395, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5716CE18323C08CD3BA4FF0FEDC87518">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="3491BBA1B598A9619457478995FC7AB2" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="58E543CD2999F20CE11688726B96C0FB">
<mods:title id="4007CB83151ADDF70908FBE9A95EB8C4">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="BE1A038FACA9EB7540E6D03FABDCDE7E">
<mods:date id="860A743BB60B56663D512DADDD440FDA">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="5F4819B139198E1747F25FC691F10CD5" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="76B89D223781FBEC8C12A52186AA0E06">2020-12-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1D23851DD02D3F931CCB19C7E3259BD9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5F09DCAF9D6396607201759AAE6FBA98">730</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="563795A9F644C15F470D2B9EE04980F7" unit="page">
<mods:start id="66FB9E31EE3102F626218FD6666AAEBC">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CDA146A565C1A2DEC6468BA59527FF9D">101</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="BDBDD9117DA112D85E0E250773A2F86F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D2D770B1823AE9EB30F628A463183D62" type="CLB-Dataset">9069</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8E2FA210ADCBEF710635E4E7BCC3ADEE" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2020.730.1197</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FFC0A7E1ADB26B1A59E889503702242F" type="GBIF-Dataset">d640faf0-b3db-4fad-baaf-9eeaef7350e4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2226FE2909A98C7D097578D1A728CB07" type="Zenodo-Dep">4418973</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="886A51EB77C0179F4DD0DCE2C9BECBD5" type="ZooBank">857A9432-9083-46B3-B0BF-B34D619EB350</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4419024" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176434265" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4419024" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="C37470EDFFB25701B173FC04198AFC60" box="[571,1017,987,1014]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B173FC04198AFC60" blockId="29.[571,1017,987,1049]" box="[571,1017,987,1014]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D099940AFFB25701B173FC04198AFC60" box="[571,1017,987,1014]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E58E5FFB25701B173FC04198AFC60" authority="Schmidt, 1974" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1974" box="[571,1017,987,1014]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B173FC041935FC63" bold="true" box="[571,838,987,1014]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Echinoderes pacificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB25701B005FC03198AFC60" author="Schmidt P." box="[845,1017,988,1014]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref57193" refString="Schmidt P. 1974. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. 10. Kinorhyncha. Microfauna des Meeresbodens 43: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1974">Schmidt, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37470EDFFB25701B1CAFC2019C1FB8F" box="[642,946,1023,1049]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B1CAFC2019C1FB8F" blockId="29.[571,1017,987,1049]" box="[642,946,1023,1049]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<figureCitation id="13553FE3FFB25701B1CAFC201955FB8F" box="[642,806,1023,1049]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1784,1810]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,314,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-13@28.[189,1398,313,1736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 8. Comparative light micrographs showing selected details of E. pacificus Schmidt, 1974. A. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53335). D–G. Paratype (USNM-53336). B, E, H. E. kozloffi Higgins, 1977. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53337). C, F, I. E. sublicarum Higgins, 1977. Paratype, ♀ (USNM-54399). A–C. Segments 8 to 9, dorsal view, showing presence of glandular cell outlets type 2 on segment 8. D–F. Segments 6 to 8, ventral view, position and appearance of sexually dimorphic female papillae. G–I. Segments 10 to 11, with midlateral tubes on segment 10, and lateral terminal spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4418997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4418997/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8A, D, G</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6EC16DDFFB25701B07AFC2019C1FB8F" box="[818,946,1023,1049]" captionStart-0="Table 7" captionStart-1="Table 8" captionStartId-0="30.[189,258,265,291]" captionStartId-1="31.[188,257,265,291]" captionTargetPageId-0="30" captionTargetPageId-1="31" captionText-0="Table 7. Measurements from light microscopy for holotype and nine paratypes of Echinoderes pacificus Schmidt, 1974 from Galapagos Islands (in µm), including number of measured specimens (n) and standard deviation (SD)." captionText-1="Table 8. Summary of nature and location of sensory spots, glandular cell outlets, tubes and spines arranged by series in Echinoderes pacificus Schmidt, 1974. Note that mapping of sensory spots might be incomplete." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1173EEFFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid-0="DF1173EEFFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC">Tables 7–8</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37470EDFFB25701B3F5FB9F1F02FACB" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5FB9F1BDCFBCC" blockId="29.[189,431,1088,1114]" box="[189,431,1088,1114]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D099940AFFB25701B3F5FB9F1BDCFBCC" bold="true" box="[189,431,1088,1114]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B3F5FB9F1BDCFBCC" bold="true" box="[189,431,1088,1114]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5FBB01F02FACB" blockId="29.[186,1401,1135,1373]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E58E5FFB25701B3F5FBB01B3CFB1F" authorityName="Dujardinii Claparede" authorityYear="1863" box="[189,335,1135,1161]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B3F5FBB01B3CFB1F" box="[189,335,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Echinoderes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with middorsal spines on segments 4 to 8, and lateroventral spines on segments 6 to 9; middorsal spines on segments 5 to 8 extend well beyond the posterior margin of their respective segments. Tubes present in lateroventral positions on segments 2 and 5, and in midlateral positions on 10; tubes on segment 10 short and stout. Minute glandular cell outlets 
<typeStatus id="54D59DC4FFB25701B740FB061E48FB65" box="[1032,1083,1241,1267]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
<quantity id="4C968E83FFB25701B70BFB071E01FB64" box="[1091,1138,1240,1266]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
laterodorsal positions on segment 8. Tergal extensions of segment 11 triangular, pointed, well-spaced. Females with female papillae with crescentic and tubular substructure in ventrolateral positions on segment 7 and ventromedial on segment 8. Lateral terminal spines thick in proximal 
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B006FA9D1916FACA" bold="true" box="[846,869,1346,1372]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">⅓</emphasis>
, but tapered abruptly into very thin distal 
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B61BFA9D1F19FACA" bold="true" box="[1363,1386,1346,1372]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">⅔</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37470EDFFB25701B3F5FAA31EA0F97E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5FAA31BD9FA00" blockId="29.[189,426,1404,1430]" box="[189,426,1404,1430]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D099940AFFB25701B3F5FAA31BD9FA00" bold="true" box="[189,426,1404,1430]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B3F5FAA31BD9FA00" bold="true" box="[189,426,1404,1430]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3A2FA741B2FFA53" blockId="29.[189,1398,1451,1548]" box="[234,348,1451,1477]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B3A2FA741B2FFA53" bold="true" box="[234,348,1451,1477]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<typeStatus id="54D59DC4FFB25701B3A2FA741B2FFA53" box="[234,348,1451,1477]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5FA111E9CF99D" blockId="29.[189,1398,1451,1548]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<materialsCitation id="3B06293BFFB25701B3F5FA111E9CF99D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3009108344" collectingDate="1972-07" collectingDateMax="1972-09-31" collectingDateMin="1972-07" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="P. Schmidt" elevation="1" latitude="-0.75" location="GALAPAGOS" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-90.316666" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="USNM-53335" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="8EB175BDFFB25701B3F5FA111B1FFA7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935:8EB175BDFFB25701B3F5FA111B1FFA7E" box="[189,364,1486,1512]" latitude="-0.75" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-90.316666" name="GALAPAGOS" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GALAPAGOS</location>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D68E8EFFFB25701B2C0FA111BC7FA7C" box="[392,436,1486,1514]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="8EB175BDFFB25701B28FFA11183DFA7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935:8EB175BDFFB25701B28FFA11183DFA7E" box="[455,590,1486,1512]" latitude="-0.75" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-90.316666" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Santa Cruz</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A45A1FFB25701B113FA1318B0FA7E" box="[603,707,1484,1512]" degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-0.75">00°45′ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5A45A1FFB25701B199FA131920FA7E" box="[721,851,1484,1512]" degrees="090" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="-90.316666">090°19′ W</geoCoordinate>
; &lt;
<elevation id="0043C455FFB25701B032FA11199FFA7E" box="[890,1004,1486,1512]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="4C968E83FFB25701B032FA1119DAFA7E" box="[890,937,1486,1512]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
b.s.l.
</elevation>
; 
<date id="FFD005A6FFB25701B0B3FA111EDEFA7E" box="[1019,1197,1486,1512]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1972-07" valueMax="1972-09-31" valueMin="1972-07-00">
<collectingDate id="EF94FC4EFFB25701B0B3FA111EDEFA7E" box="[1019,1197,1486,1512]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1972-07" valueMax="1972-09-31" valueMin="1972-07-00">Jul.–Sep. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="269B46B0FFB25701B7F3FA111F49FA7E" box="[1211,1338,1486,1512]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. Schmidt</collectorName>
leg.; heterogeneous sediment, rich in organic matter; 
<specimenCode id="DBC88B1DFFB25701B1BBFA2E19ECF99A" box="[755,927,1521,1548]" collectionCode="USNM-" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USNM-53335</specimenCode>
. Specimen mounted for LM.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3A2F9F41B14F9D3" blockId="29.[188,1399,1579,1676]" box="[234,359,1579,1605]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B3A2F9F41B14F9D3" bold="true" box="[234,359,1579,1605]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<typeStatus id="54D59DC4FFB25701B3A2F9F41B14F9D3" box="[234,359,1579,1605]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5F9911B6AF91A" blockId="29.[188,1399,1579,1676]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<materialsCitation id="3B06293BFFB25701B3F5F9911B65F91A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3009108348" collectedFrom="muddy sand gravel, rich in organic matter" collectingDate="1972-07" collectingDateMax="1972-09-31" collectingDateMin="1972-07" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="P. Schmidt &amp; Specimen" county="Island" elevation="1" latitude="-0.75" location="GALAPAGOS" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-90.316666" municipality="North Bay" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="USNM-53336" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="WASHINGTON STATE" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EB175BDFFB25701B3F5F9911B1FF9FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C79270FFB25703B173FC041B4EF935:8EB175BDFFB25701B3F5F9911B1FF9FE" box="[189,364,1614,1640]" latitude="-0.75" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-90.316666" name="GALAPAGOS" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GALAPAGOS</location>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D68E8EFFFB25701B2CBF9911BB5F9FE" box="[387,454,1614,1641]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D68E8EFFFB25701B29BF9911861F9FC" box="[467,530,1614,1642]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype; 
<specimenCode id="DBC88B1DFFB25701B09CF9911EF3F9FF" box="[980,1152,1614,1641]" collectionCode="USNM-" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USNM-53336</specimenCode>
. Specimens mounted for LM
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5F9741EA0F97E" blockId="29.[189,1399,1707,1769]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Most of the 
<typeStatus id="54D59DC4FFB25701B218F9741BB3F953" box="[336,448,1707,1733]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
were in surprisingly good condition, whereas the mounting medium around the 
<typeStatus id="54D59DC4FFB25701B3F6F9111B56F97E" box="[190,293,1742,1768]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was dried out. SEM specimens were not available. See 
<tableCitation id="C6EC16DDFFB25701B0FDF9111E7FF97E" box="[949,1036,1742,1768]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). Species of Echinoderes Claparède, 1863 examined or studied for the present study. Types have kindly been loaned from ICHUM, NHMD, SMBL, SMNH, and USNM." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1173EEFFAB5718B3F5FED61F33FED0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF1173EEFFAB5718B3F5FED61F33FED0">Table 1</tableCitation>
for an overview.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37470EDFFB25703B3F5F8D01B4EF935" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5F8D01B3DF8BF" blockId="29.[189,334,1807,1833]" box="[189,334,1807,1833]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D099940AFFB25701B3F5F8D01B3DF8BF" bold="true" box="[189,334,1807,1833]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB25701B3F5F8D01B3DF8BF" bold="true" box="[189,334,1807,1833]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB25701B3F5F8E118C8F873" blockId="29.[188,1399,1854,2021]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
The appearance of the species generally follows the original description by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB25701B715F8E11F68F8CE" author="Schmidt P." box="[1117,1307,1854,1880]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref57193" refString="Schmidt P. 1974. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. 10. Kinorhyncha. Microfauna des Meeresbodens 43: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1974">Schmidt (1974)</bibRefCitation>
, and in particular the redescription by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB25701B171F8BE1973F8ED" author="Higgins R. P." box="[569,768,1889,1915]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref55923" refString="Higgins R. P. 1977 a. Redescription of Echinoderes dujardinii (Kinorhyncha) with descriptions of closely related species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 248: 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.248" type="journal article" year="1977">Higgins (1977a)</bibRefCitation>
, hence the following notes only provide additional information not included in the two previous descriptions. For complete overview of measurements and dimensions, see 
<tableCitation id="C6EC16DDFFB25701B2C8F8771BA8F854" box="[384,475,1960,1986]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="30.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Table 7. Measurements from light microscopy for holotype and nine paratypes of Echinoderes pacificus Schmidt, 1974 from Galapagos Islands (in µm), including number of measured specimens (n) and standard deviation (SD)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1173EEFFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF1173EEFFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC">Table 7</tableCitation>
. Distribution of cuticular structures, i.e., sensory spots, glandular cell outlets, spines and tubes, is summarized in 
<tableCitation id="C6EC16DDFFB25701B115F81418C5F873" box="[605,694,1995,2021]" captionStart="Table 8" captionStartId="31.[188,257,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Table 8. Summary of nature and location of sensory spots, glandular cell outlets, tubes and spines arranged by series in Echinoderes pacificus Schmidt, 1974. Note that mapping of sensory spots might be incomplete." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Table 8</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1173EEFFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC" ID-Table-UUID="DF1173EEFFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1173EEFFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[516,1053,430,1973]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB15702B3F5FED61BAEFEFC" blockId="30.[189,1398,265,362]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B3F5FED61B6CFEB5" bold="true" box="[189,287,265,291]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Table 7.</emphasis>
Measurements from light microscopy for holotype and nine paratypes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E58E5FFB15702B73DFED61B1EFED0" authority="Schmidt, 1974" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1974" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B73DFED61F05FEB5" box="[1141,1398,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Echinoderes pacificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB15702B3F5FEF31B1EFED0" author="Schmidt P." box="[189,365,300,326]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref57193" refString="Schmidt P. 1974. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. 10. Kinorhyncha. Microfauna des Meeresbodens 43: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1974">Schmidt, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Galapagos Islands (in µm), including number of measured specimens (
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B660FEF21F44FED0" box="[1320,1335,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
) and standard deviation (SD).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB15702B14CFE711E67F823" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<table id="F96ED1C6FFB1A8E3B14CFE711E6EF823" box="[516,1053,430,1973]" colsContinueIn="35.[516,1053,416,1953]" gridcols="5" gridrows="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<tr id="355E2124FFB1A8E3B14CFE711E6EFE57" box="[516,1053,430,449]" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B14CFE711814FE57" box="[516,615,430,449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B14CFE711811FE57" bold="true" box="[516,610,430,449]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B1CEFE7118E8FE57" box="[646,667,430,449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B1C3FE7118E4FE57" bold="true" box="[651,663,430,449]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B186FE711945FE57" box="[718,822,430,449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B1ADFE71196CFE57" bold="true" box="[741,799,430,449]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Range</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B03CFE7119DFFE57" box="[884,940,430,449]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B03EFE7119D9FE57" bold="true" box="[886,938,430,449]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Mean</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B0AEFE711E6EFE57" box="[998,1053,430,449]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB15702B0BCFE711E7CFE57" bold="true" box="[1012,1039,430,449]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">SD</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB1A8E3B14CFDD61E6EFB3E" box="[516,1053,521,1192]" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B14CFDD61814FB3E" box="[516,615,521,1192]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">TL MSW-8 MSW-8/TL SW–10 SW–10/TL S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B1CEFDD618E8FB3E" box="[646,667,521,1192]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B186FDD61945FB3E" box="[718,822,521,1192]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">359–393 69–75 18.7–20.1% 64–72 17.7–18.7% 35–39 32–39 33–41 38–43 40–46 43–50 45–52 48–53 50–59 46–54 34–39</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B03CFDD619DFFB3E" box="[884,940,521,1192]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">378 73 19.3% 68 18.1% 37 35 38 40 43 45 48 52 53 49 36</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B0AEFDD61E6EFB3E" box="[998,1053,521,1192]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10.46 2.31 0.44% 2.16% 0.34% 1.41 2.18 2.28 1.75 2.16 2.45 2.42 1.55 2.81 2.82 1.93</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB1A8E3B14CFB341E6EFA3A" box="[516,1053,1259,1452]" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B14CFB341814FA3A" box="[516,615,1259,1452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MD4 (ac) MD5 (ac) MD6 (ac) MD7 (ac) MD8 (ac)</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B1CEFB3418E8FA3A" box="[646,667,1259,1452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">9 7 8 9 9</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B186FB341945FA3A" box="[718,822,1259,1452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">27–33 31–44 41–54 56–71 77–89</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B03CFB3419DFFA3A" box="[884,940,1259,1452]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">28 35 51 65 83</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B0AEFB341E6EFA3A" box="[998,1053,1259,1452]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1.94 4.50 4.21 5.30 4.43</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB1A8E3B14CFA2F1E6EF89E" box="[516,1053,1520,1800]" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B14CFA2F1814F89E" box="[516,615,1520,1800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">LV2 (tu) LV5 (tu) LV6 (ac) LV7 (ac) LV8 (ac) LV9 (ac) ML10 (tu)</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B1CEFA2F18E8F89E" box="[646,667,1520,1800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10 9 10 10 10 9 10</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B186FA2F1945F89E" box="[718,822,1520,1800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">16–23 17–21 19–27 27–34 31–38 35–43 12–17</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B03CFA2F19DFF89E" box="[884,940,1520,1800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">19 18 25 31 36 38 14</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B0AEFA2F1E6EF89E" box="[998,1053,1520,1800]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">2.21 1.20 2.36 2.13 2.08 2.50 1.97</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB1A8E3B14CF8941E6EF823" box="[516,1053,1867,1973]" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B14CF8941814F823" box="[516,615,1867,1973]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">LTS LTS/TL LTAS</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B1CEF89418E8F823" box="[646,667,1867,1973]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10 10 5</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B186F8941945F823" box="[718,822,1867,1973]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">96–130 26.5–33.5% 36–40</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B03CF89419DFF823" box="[884,940,1867,1973]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">108 28.5% 37</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB1A8E3B0AEF8941E6EF823" box="[998,1053,1867,1973]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">9.38 2.23% 1.67</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1173EEFFB05703B3F4FED61B1FFEFF" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[235,1350,435,936]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB05703B3F4FED61B1FFEFF" blockId="31.[188,1398,265,361]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B3F4FED61B51FEB5" bold="true" box="[188,290,265,291]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Table 8.</emphasis>
Summary of nature and location of sensory spots, glandular cell outlets, tubes and spines arranged by series in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6E58E5FFB05703B2F5FEF3190BFED0" authority="Schmidt, 1974" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1974" box="[445,888,300,326]" class="Kinorhyncha" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclorhagida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cephalorhyncha" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B2F5FEF318CCFED0" box="[445,703,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Echinoderes pacificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB05703B180FEF3190BFED0" author="Schmidt P." box="[712,888,300,326]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref57193" refString="Schmidt P. 1974. Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. 10. Kinorhyncha. Microfauna des Meeresbodens 43: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1974">Schmidt, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Note that mapping of sensory spots might be incomplete.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB05703B3A5FE6C1E4EFC30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<table id="F96ED1C6FFB0A8E3B3A3FE6C1F35FC3E" box="[235,1350,435,936]" colsContinueFrom="16.[213,1384,377,846]" colsContinueIn="37.[213,1359,385,895]" gridcols="11" gridrows="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FE6C1F35FE48" box="[235,1350,435,478]" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FE6C1B4AFE48" box="[235,313,435,478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B3A5FE6C1B4AFE48" bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Position Segment</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFE6C1BB0FE48" box="[357,451,435,478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B2CAFE601BD5FE44" bold="true" box="[386,422,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">MD</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B2A6FE6C1879FE48" box="[494,522,435,478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B2A6FE601879FE44" bold="true" box="[494,522,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">PD</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FE6C180EFE48" box="[568,637,435,478]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B105FE60181BFE44" bold="true" box="[589,616,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">SD</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B1E6FE6C18A4FE48" box="[686,727,435,478]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B1FCFE6018A1FE44" bold="true" box="[692,722,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">LD</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFE6C1922FE48" box="[772,849,435,478]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B052FE60194FFE44" bold="true" box="[794,828,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ML</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B03CFE6C19EEFE48" box="[884,925,435,478]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B034FE6019E5FE44" bold="true" box="[892,918,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">SL</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B0F5FE6C198DFE48" box="[957,1022,435,478]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B098FE60199DFE44" bold="true" box="[976,1006,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">LA</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFE6C1E32FE48" box="[1061,1089,435,478]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B76DFE601E32FE44" bold="true" box="[1061,1089,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">LV</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B721FE6C1ED4FE48" box="[1129,1191,435,478]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B732FE601EEBFE44" bold="true" box="[1146,1176,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">VL</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFE6C1F35FE48" box="[1235,1350,435,478]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B7B3FE601F6CFE44" bold="true" box="[1275,1311,447,466]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">VM</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FE2F1F35FD90" box="[235,1350,496,518]" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FE2F1B4AFD90" box="[235,313,496,518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFE2F1BB0FD90" box="[357,451,496,518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FE2F180EFD90" box="[568,637,496,518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B1E6FE2F18A4FD90" box="[686,727,496,518]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B03CFE2F19EEFD90" box="[884,925,496,518]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFE2F1F35FD90" box="[1235,1350,496,518]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FDC51F35FDB9" box="[235,1350,538,559]" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FDC51B4AFDB9" box="[235,313,538,559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">2</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFDC51BB0FDB9" box="[357,451,538,559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B1E6FDC518A4FDB9" box="[686,727,538,559]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss,ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFDC51E32FDB9" box="[1061,1089,538,559]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tu</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFDC51F35FDB9" box="[1235,1350,538,559]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss, gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FD9C1F35FDCF" box="[235,1350,579,601]" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FD9C1B4AFDCF" box="[235,313,579,601]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">3</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFD9C1BB0FDCF" box="[357,451,579,601]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B1E6FD9C18A4FDCF" box="[686,727,579,601]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B03CFD9C19EEFDCF" box="[884,925,579,601]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFD9C1F35FDCF" box="[1235,1350,579,601]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FDB01F35FD15" box="[235,1350,623,643]" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FDB01B4AFD15" box="[235,313,623,643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFDB01BB0FD15" box="[357,451,623,643]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FDB0180EFD15" box="[568,637,623,643]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFDB01922FD15" box="[772,849,623,643]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFDB01F35FD15" box="[1235,1350,623,643]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss, gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FD461F35FD3A" box="[235,1350,665,684]" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FD461B4AFD3A" box="[235,313,665,684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">5</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFD461BB0FD3A" box="[357,451,665,684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FD46180EFD3A" box="[568,637,665,684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFD461922FD3A" box="[772,849,665,684]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFD461E32FD3A" box="[1061,1089,665,684]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tu</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFD461F35FD3A" box="[1235,1350,665,684]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss, gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FD1C1F35FD40" box="[235,1350,707,726]" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FD1C1B4AFD40" box="[235,313,707,726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">6</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFD1C1BB0FD40" box="[357,451,707,726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B2A6FD1C1879FD40" box="[494,522,707,726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FD1C180EFD40" box="[568,637,707,726]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFD1C1922FD40" box="[772,849,707,726]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFD1C1E32FD40" box="[1061,1089,707,726]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFD1C1F35FD40" box="[1235,1350,707,726]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss,gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FD331F35FC96" box="[235,1350,748,768]" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FD331B4AFC96" box="[235,313,748,768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">7</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFD331BB0FC96" box="[357,451,748,768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B2A6FD331879FC96" box="[494,522,748,768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FD33180EFC96" box="[568,637,748,768]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFD331922FC96" box="[772,849,748,768]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFD331E32FC96" box="[1061,1089,748,768]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B721FD331ED4FC96" box="[1129,1191,748,768]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">fpa (♀)</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFD331F35FC96" box="[1235,1350,748,768]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss,gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FCCC1F35FCBF" box="[235,1350,787,809]" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FCCC1B4AFCBF" box="[235,313,787,809]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">8</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFCCC1BB0FCBF" box="[357,451,787,809]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B2A6FCCC1879FCBF" box="[494,522,787,809]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FCCC180EFCBF" box="[568,637,787,809]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B1E6FCCC18A4FCBF" box="[686,727,787,809]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco2</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFCCC1922FCBF" box="[772,849,787,809]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFCCC1E32FCBF" box="[1061,1089,787,809]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B721FCCC1ED4FCBF" box="[1129,1191,787,809]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFCCC1F35FCBF" box="[1235,1350,787,809]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, fpa (♀)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FC9F1F35FCC5" box="[235,1350,832,851]" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FC9F1B4AFCC5" box="[235,313,832,851]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">9</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B2A6FC9F1879FCC5" box="[494,522,832,851]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FC9F180EFCC5" box="[568,637,832,851]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFC9F1922FCC5" box="[772,849,832,851]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B0F5FC9F198DFCC5" box="[957,1022,832,851]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">si</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFC9F1E32FCC5" box="[1061,1089,832,851]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ac</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B721FC9F1ED4FCC5" box="[1129,1191,832,851]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFC9F1F35FCC5" box="[1235,1350,832,851]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FCB61F35FCEB" box="[235,1350,873,893]" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FCB61B4AFCEB" box="[235,313,873,893]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">10</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFCB61BB0FCEB" box="[357,451,873,893]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, gco1</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FCB6180EFCEB" box="[568,637,873,893]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFCB61922FCEB" box="[772,849,873,893]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">tu</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B721FCB61ED4FCEB" box="[1129,1191,873,893]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B79BFCB61F35FCEB" box="[1235,1350,873,893]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355E2124FFB0A8E3B3A3FC4C1F35FC3E" box="[235,1350,915,936]" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B3A3FC4C1B4AFC3E" box="[235,313,915,936]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">11</th>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B22DFC4C1BB0FC3E" box="[357,451,915,936]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">gco1, gco1</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B170FC4C180EFC3E" box="[568,637,915,936]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ss</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B04CFC4C1922FC3E" box="[772,849,915,936]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">3xpe (♂)</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B0F5FC4C198DFC3E" box="[957,1022,915,936]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ltas (♀)</td>
<td id="768F4858FFB0A8E3B76DFC4C1E32FC3E" box="[1061,1089,915,936]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">lts</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB05703B3F5FC2E1B25FADE" blockId="31.[189,1400,1009,1352]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Spines and tubes are as described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB05703B13BFC2E1944FB9A" author="Higgins R. P." box="[627,823,1009,1036]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref55923" refString="Higgins R. P. 1977 a. Redescription of Echinoderes dujardinii (Kinorhyncha) with descriptions of closely related species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 248: 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.248" type="journal article" year="1977">Higgins (1977a)</bibRefCitation>
, and middorsal spines on segments 5 to 8 extend well beyond the posterior margins of segments from which they originate (
<figureCitation id="13553FE3FFB05703B72FFBCA1EB8FBB9" box="[1127,1227,1045,1071]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1784,1810]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,314,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-13@28.[189,1398,313,1736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 8. Comparative light micrographs showing selected details of E. pacificus Schmidt, 1974. A. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53335). D–G. Paratype (USNM-53336). B, E, H. E. kozloffi Higgins, 1977. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53337). C, F, I. E. sublicarum Higgins, 1977. Paratype, ♀ (USNM-54399). A–C. Segments 8 to 9, dorsal view, showing presence of glandular cell outlets type 2 on segment 8. D–F. Segments 6 to 8, ventral view, position and appearance of sexually dimorphic female papillae. G–I. Segments 10 to 11, with midlateral tubes on segment 10, and lateral terminal spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4418997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4418997/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
). The line art illustrations provided with the redescription also summarize and show the distribution of glandular cell outlets 
<typeStatus id="54D59DC4FFB05703B20FFB831B09FBE0" box="[327,378,1116,1142]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
1 correctly (white open circles in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB05703B05BFB8419B6FBE3" author="Higgins R. P." box="[787,965,1115,1141]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref55923" refString="Higgins R. P. 1977 a. Redescription of Echinoderes dujardinii (Kinorhyncha) with descriptions of closely related species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 248: 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.248" type="journal article" year="1977">Higgins 1977a</bibRefCitation>
: figs 26–27), even though the nature of these structures are misinterpreted, mostly as sensory spots in the text. Same illustrations also picture laterodorsal glandular cell outlets 
<typeStatus id="54D59DC4FFB05703B1FBFB7D1895FB2A" box="[691,742,1186,1212]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
2 on segment 8, and female papillae with a crescentic substructure in ventrolateral positions on segment 7 and ventromedial positions on segment 8. Our observations confirm the presence of these structures (
<figureCitation id="13553FE3FFB05703B072FB3719EBFA94" box="[826,920,1256,1282]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1784,1810]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,314,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-13@28.[189,1398,313,1736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 8. Comparative light micrographs showing selected details of E. pacificus Schmidt, 1974. A. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53335). D–G. Paratype (USNM-53336). B, E, H. E. kozloffi Higgins, 1977. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53337). C, F, I. E. sublicarum Higgins, 1977. Paratype, ♀ (USNM-54399). A–C. Segments 8 to 9, dorsal view, showing presence of glandular cell outlets type 2 on segment 8. D–F. Segments 6 to 8, ventral view, position and appearance of sexually dimorphic female papillae. G–I. Segments 10 to 11, with midlateral tubes on segment 10, and lateral terminal spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4418997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4418997/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
). The substructure of the female papillae is crescentic, as reported by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB05703B144FAD418A2FAB3" author="Higgins R. P." box="[524,721,1291,1317]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref55923" refString="Higgins R. P. 1977 a. Redescription of Echinoderes dujardinii (Kinorhyncha) with descriptions of closely related species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 248: 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.248" type="journal article" year="1977">Higgins (1977a)</bibRefCitation>
, and in addition they also have a relatively strong tubular substructure.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD12366FFB05703B3F5FAAF1B4EF935" blockId="31.[188,1401,1392,1699]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF5E97FFB05703B3F5FAAF1BF2FA1C" author="Higgins R. P." box="[189,385,1392,1418]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref55923" refString="Higgins R. P. 1977 a. Redescription of Echinoderes dujardinii (Kinorhyncha) with descriptions of closely related species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 248: 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.248" type="journal article" year="1977">Higgins (1977a)</bibRefCitation>
furthermore noted the short, curved midlateral tubes on segment 10 (described as “lateral spine of segment 12”, following the old terminology). We can confirm the distinct appearance of these tubes, and add that they, besides being curved, are conspicuously short and stout, and somewhat truncate (
<figureCitation id="13553FE3FFB05703B265FA061BFFFA65" box="[301,396,1497,1523]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1784,1810]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,314,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-13@28.[189,1398,313,1736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 8. Comparative light micrographs showing selected details of E. pacificus Schmidt, 1974. A. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53335). D–G. Paratype (USNM-53336). B, E, H. E. kozloffi Higgins, 1977. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53337). C, F, I. E. sublicarum Higgins, 1977. Paratype, ♀ (USNM-54399). A–C. Segments 8 to 9, dorsal view, showing presence of glandular cell outlets type 2 on segment 8. D–F. Segments 6 to 8, ventral view, position and appearance of sexually dimorphic female papillae. G–I. Segments 10 to 11, with midlateral tubes on segment 10, and lateral terminal spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4418997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4418997/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
), which make them differ from segment 10 tubes in other species examined for the present study. Another highly characteristic feature regards the shape of the lateral terminal spines. The proximal parts of the spines are conspicuously thick, or swollen, but around 
<emphasis id="B91AFF74FFB05703B7C9F9C01EEBF9AF" bold="true" box="[1153,1176,1567,1593]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">⅓</emphasis>
from the proximal end the spines taper abruptly, and become very thin and nearly seta-like (
<figureCitation id="13553FE3FFB05703B779F99C1EE1F9CB" box="[1073,1170,1603,1629]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1784,1810]" captionTargetBox="[190,1395,314,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-13@28.[189,1398,313,1736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 8. Comparative light micrographs showing selected details of E. pacificus Schmidt, 1974. A. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53335). D–G. Paratype (USNM-53336). B, E, H. E. kozloffi Higgins, 1977. Holotype, ♀ (USNM-53337). C, F, I. E. sublicarum Higgins, 1977. Paratype, ♀ (USNM-54399). A–C. Segments 8 to 9, dorsal view, showing presence of glandular cell outlets type 2 on segment 8. D–F. Segments 6 to 8, ventral view, position and appearance of sexually dimorphic female papillae. G–I. Segments 10 to 11, with midlateral tubes on segment 10, and lateral terminal spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4418997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4418997/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
). Tergal extensions are triangular and well-spaced; sternal extensions are short with ventrolateral seta-like tuft of extended fringe tips.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>