162 lines
17 KiB
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162 lines
17 KiB
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<document id="CBA75CBB342D63ADC1CC2AFF20B8EF84" ID-CLB-Dataset="30483" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4397.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b44266be-2443-4676-abd8-015e1e069156" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1202783" ID-ZooBank="DAB14765-7C9C-41FF-9ECF-563B82B9D258" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1521441517859" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Amr, Zuhair S., Abu, Mohammad A., Qumsiyeh, Mazin & Eid, Ehab" docDate="2018" docId="C32887CBFFBFBA53FF3DFD43FBADE88A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4397.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4397 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Meriones (Pallasiomys) crassus Sundevall 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="3F11FFB3FF90BA63FFAAFFF7FFEDEA22" masterDocTitle="Systematics, distribution and ecological analysis of rodents in Jordan" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698532151927" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="2EC5C00498CCEE86577062A48AAD5EDB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="243D0FB06F12E2A95275EB7AD684F52A">
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<mods:title id="B15422B57CC99D7B55836B83957C4CD7">Systematics, distribution and ecological analysis of rodents in Jordan</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F0763261487F3F6712562A06615DF61A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="98F38C09A12B443C039006554AB096A5">Amr, Zuhair S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3D05D1337074B8670C5603D5C773803A">Abu, Mohammad A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DFFDC898626B78520D093DA83CFB7618">Qumsiyeh, Mazin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="18F89AD76D11E7758A32C441BA54F55D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3DC0A28CAA4A932BA5B1F86DA88602F2">Eid, Ehab</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="54BEA7A5A27A8185692766F64CA7206D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="405091AFF47E8D2B8E6E703F72B484FD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CC1E1656C4377E37B279A8CC86B1CFD4">
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<mods:date id="8DF1A93866E62780E67951B38813F9E2">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0512D66B5ED365F61B3E82C785D636BC" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="51714C4F895D44CB19C3CE34C3E1F448">2018-03-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4E4A4DC323AFC65A0720D20BF2C8F82E">4397</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FA5486FA5368902B6F0221E5486C98E9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="37AED7B360BA90FD9E1900AFB82CA567" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4397.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="59757081E35DC0D16C846A556854A669" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E8DAE38F45016B0BA85480C1758B0E68" type="Zenodo-Dep">1202783</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C32887CBFFBFBA53FF3DFD43FBADE88A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5991822" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142340521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5991822" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C32887CBFFBFBA53FF3DFD43FBADE88A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C32887CBFFBFBA53FF3DFD43FBADE88A" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection id="039B6556FFBFBA4CFF3DFD43FC9AE8CD" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFBFBA4CFF3DFD43FD0FE8EC" blockId="47.[151,887,692,751]" box="[151,738,692,718]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="107681B1FFBFBA4CFF3DFD43FD0FE8EC" bold="true" box="[151,738,692,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFFBFBA4CFF3DFD43FD0FE8EC" ID-CoL="7VTBK" authority="Sundevall, 1842" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,738,692,718]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassus" subGenus="Pallasiomys">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFF3DFD43FD0FE8EC" bold="true" box="[151,738,692,718]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFF3DFD43FEE4E8EC" bold="true" box="[151,265,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Meriones</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFEB0FD43FE46E8EC" bold="true" box="[282,427,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pallasiomys</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFE16FD43FDFBE8EC" bold="true" box="[444,534,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">crassus</emphasis>
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Sundevall, 1842
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFBFBA4CFF3DFD21FC9AE8CD" blockId="47.[151,887,692,751]" box="[151,887,726,751]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFF3DFD21FEBAE8CD" bold="true" box="[151,343,726,751]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Common name:</emphasis>
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Sundevall's jird, Sand jird, Silk jird, Gentle jird.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="039B6556FFBFBA53FF3DFCE9FD77EB3F" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFBFBA4CFF3DFCE9FE9FE9C9" blockId="47.[151,1437,798,1003]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFF3DFCE9FEE7E915" bold="true" box="[151,266,798,823]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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: Large jird with soft, dense fur. Fur color pale sandy dorsally, underside pure white, line of demarcation not very distinct. Ears small and not pigmented, claws white or pale (
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<figureCitation id="D3BA2A58FFBFBA4CFC30FCB5FBE1E979" box="[922,1036,834,859]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,1055,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@47.[226,1360,1055,1803]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 53. Sundevall's jird, Meriones crassus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202881/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figure 53</figureCitation>
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). Hind feet covered with white hair. Tail terminates with a black brush (not as well developed as in
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<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFFBFBA4CFCF1FC90FC3DE95D" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1919" box="[859,976,870,895]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libycus">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFCF1FC90FC3DE95D" box="[859,976,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M. libycus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Tail length is about equal to head body length. Skull robust, with extremely large bullae that extend quite beyond the supraoccipital. Braincase broad. The suprameatal triangle of bullae large and widely open at its posterior end. Upper incisors with anterior median groove (
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<figureCitation id="D3BA2A58FFBFBA4CFF59FC25FE88E9C9" box="[243,357,978,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1997,2019]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,735,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[264,1323,735,1975]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 54 A. Dorsal, B. Ventral, C. Lateral views of the skull, and D. Upper maxillary teeth for Meriones crassus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202883/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figure 54</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1FFE6655FFBFBA4CFF3DF8D6FD6AED15" box="[151,647,1825,1847]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202881/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" startId="47.[151,250,1825,1847]" targetBox="[226,1360,1055,1803]" targetPageId="47">
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<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFBFBA4CFF3DF8D6FD6AED15" blockId="47.[151,647,1825,1847]" box="[151,647,1825,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFF3DF8D6FEF2ED14" bold="true" box="[151,287,1825,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 53.</emphasis>
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Sundevall's jird,
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<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFFBFBA4CFE65F8D5FD6CED15" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1842" box="[463,641,1826,1847]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassus">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFE65F8D5FD6CED15" box="[463,641,1826,1847]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Meriones crassus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFBFBA53FF6DF8A9FD77EB3F" blockId="47.[151,1436,1886,2019]" lastBlockId="48.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFF6DF8A9FDC1ED55" bold="true" box="[199,556,1886,1911]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Localities: Previous records.</emphasis>
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Suwira (
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<bibRefCitation id="2F104B2CFFBFBA4CFD09F8A9FCDBED55" box="[675,822,1886,1911]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref30777" refString="Allen, G. M. (1915) Mammals obtained by the Phillips Palestine Expedition. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoolology of Harvard University, 59 (1), 3 - 14." type="journal article">Allen, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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); Al Jafr, Azraq (Atallah, 1978); S Wādī ‘Araba (Qumsiyeh
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFEB1F873FEB8EDB9" box="[283,341,1922,1947]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1986); ‘Aqaba, Azraq, Ghazaleh, Al Qaţrānah (
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<bibRefCitation id="2F104B2CFFBFBA4CFCD7F874FBBFEDB9" box="[893,1106,1922,1947]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref31125" refString="Amr, Z. S. & Disi, A. M. (1988) Jordanian Mammals Acquired by the Jordan University Natural History Museum. Publication of the University of Jordan, Amman, 32 pp." type="book">Amr & Disi, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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); Wādī Khuneizīra (Harrison & Bates, 1991); Wādī Al Hashad (Al-Melhim
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFD04F85FFD0DED9D" box="[686,736,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
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., 1997); S Azraq (Amr
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFC5CF85FFBC4ED9D" box="[1014,1065,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
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., 1997); Wādī Ramm (Benda & Sádlová (1999); Faydat ad Dahik (Rifai
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFBFBA4CFDCBF83DFD66EDC1" box="[609,651,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">etal</emphasis>
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., 2000); Al Hazīm, Buqay’awiyah, Faydat ad Dahik, Al Qaţţāfī, Ash Shawmarī Wildlife Reserve, Wādī Al Hashad, Wādī Salma, (
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<bibRefCitation id="2F104B2CFFA0BA53FCF9FF60FB68EA92" box="[851,1157,151,176]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref30224" refString="Abu Baker, M. & Amr, Z. (2003 b) Rodent diversity in the Northeastern Desert of Jordan, with special reference on the ecology of Gerbillus cheesmani. (Mammalia: Rodentia). Casopis Narodniho Muzea, Rada prirodovedna, 172 (1 - 4), 141 - 152." type="journal article">Abu Baker & Amr, 2003b</bibRefCitation>
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); Al Mudawwarah (Abu Baker & Amr, 2004); Ash Shawmarī Wildlife Reserve (
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<bibRefCitation id="2F104B2CFFA0BA53FCADFF4BFBE0EAF7" box="[775,1037,188,213]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref30412" refString="Abu Baker, M., Qarqaz, M. & Amr, Z. (2005) Small mammal remains recovered from pellets of the Barn Owl (Tyto alba) at Shawmari Wildlife Reserve, eastern Jordan. Casopis Narodniho Muzea, Rada prirodovedna, 174 (1 - 4), 12 7 - 129." type="journal article">
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Abu Baker
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FC20FF4AFC24EAF7" box="[906,969,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.,</emphasis>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FB8AFF4BFA8DEAF7" bold="true" box="[1056,1376,188,213]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Materials from owl pellets.</emphasis>
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Qaşr Al Kharanah (Obuch per. com.), Qaşr al Ḩallābāt (Obuch per. com.), Ash Shawmarī Wildlife Reserve (Obuch per. com.).
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FF4FFEF3FE6FEB3F" bold="true" box="[229,386,260,285]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">New records.</emphasis>
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Qaşr ‘Amra (
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<figureCitation id="D3BA2A58FFA0BA53FDB6FEF3FD63EB3F" box="[540,654,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1423,1445]" captionTargetBox="[275,1307,227,1366]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[264,1323,193,1402]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 55. Distribution of the Sundevall's jird, Meriones crassus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202885/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figure 55</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="039B6556FFA0BA53FF6DFED0FBEBEB8F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFA0BA53FF6DFED0FBEBEB8F" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FF6DFED0FEC1EB62" bold="true" box="[199,300,295,320]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Habitat:</emphasis>
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This is one of the most common jirds inhabiting the dry and arid habitats of Jordan. It prefers sand areas and hammada (Atallah, 1978). According to Atallah (1977), Sundevall's jird does not form colonies.
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<bibRefCitation id="2F104B2CFFA0BA53FAC6FEBBFED0EBAA" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref30471" refString="Abu Dieyeh, M. H. (1988) The Ecology of some rodents in Wadi Araba with special reference to Acomys cahirinus. M. S. thesis. Jordan University. Amman, 216 pp." type="book">Abu Dieyeh (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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described the burrow system of the Sundevall's jird in Wādī ‘Araba. The burrow has elaborate tunnels that may reach several meters with several food and nesting chambers.
|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
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<subSubSection id="039B6556FFA0BA53FF6DFE40FAB7E842" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="biology_ecology">
|
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<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFA0BA53FF6DFE40FAB7E842" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FF6DFE40FEC7EBF2" bold="true" box="[199,298,439,464]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Biology:</emphasis>
|
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|
|
It feeds on a variety of food items including desert plants, animal dung and insects (Qumsiyeh, 1996). This is a nocturnal species, but may also forage during the day. It was observed near camel feeding areas, and comes during daytime to feed on barely and other vegetable matters. Breeding occurs during the cooler months, but may breed all year round, producing up to three litters a year. Litter size is around 3 to 7 young. The burrow system is simple with a single entrance and one food chamber. Litter size varies between 2 and 7 (Yiğit
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FB66FDBEFB11E842" box="[1228,1276,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., 1996).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="039B6556FFA0BA53FF6DFD9BFBADE88A" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFFA0BA53FF6DFD9BFBADE88A" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FF6DFD9BFED9E8A7" bold="true" box="[199,308,620,645]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: This is widespread species with different subspecies along its distribution range. The karyotype for specimens collected from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="3396764DFFA0BA53FE16FD78FDEAE88A" box="[444,519,655,680]" name="Jordan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
yeiled 2n=60 and FN=70 (Qumsiyeh
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFFA0BA53FC1BFD66FC0CE88A" box="[945,993,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
., 1986).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|