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<mods:title id="B1A896ECCA90125C256D027661BA6288">Taxonomic revision of the cavefish genus Karstsinnectes (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae), with a description of a new species from Guangxi Province, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B88029FFC574EEF5C31B41BF67F9F634">Ge, Jia-Yue</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5F9F966DF0242487F74608B8E12E22C2">Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="22E7820F6CEBF49D2D39A2AD98D6445B">Nong, Zheng-Quan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C00F682C30E5BFF6353E7EAFEAD31CF2">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="03B1FE8E793254202F5AF1E26953694A">Yang, Jian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4E1C4527ABA58809A809F463CD27B70E">Du, Li-Na</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0846CBF90E0DF584A4C568C9A2F09B10">Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="01371D5EA6D3F660F01074629D5A6289">Zhou, Jia-Jun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BD4730DA0141A68D40FE351E50C20713">Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resource Use, Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China &amp; Zhejiang Forest Resource Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="2171041B3403C81FA8AF2E4F16AF8105" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="47180D42593D3531D34DDFBFBC0D2340">
<heading id="B9D567209424C23AB3E691D8B25E5317" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="3F418497AAE319C4564809A412B1FEA2" authority="Zhou, Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao, 2023" authorityName="Zhou, Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao" authorityYear="2023" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="468F9355ED5C33BB6D7FFD3A40FC4B16" italics="true">Karstsinnectes</emphasis>
Zhou,
<bibRefCitation id="6834249C366D165E48B2C8F12F1CA093" DOI="10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.266" author="Luo T &amp; Yang Q &amp; Wu L &amp; Wang YL &amp; Zhou JJ &amp; Deng HQ &amp; Xiao N &amp; Zhou J" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Research" pagination="693-697" refId="B9" refString="Luo T, Yang Q, Wu L, Wang YL, Zhou JJ, Deng HQ, Xiao N, Zhou J (2023) Phylogenetic relationships of Nemacheilidae cavefish (Heminoemacheilus, Oreonectes, Yunnanilus, Paranemachilus, and Troglonectes) revealed by analysis of mitochondrial genome and seven nuclear genes. Zoological Research 44 (4): 693 - 697. https: // doi. org / 10.24272 / j. issn. 2095 - 8137.2022. 266" title="Phylogenetic relationships of Nemacheilidae cavefish (Heminoemacheilus, Oreonectes, Yunnanilus, Paranemachilus, and Troglonectes) revealed by analysis of mitochondrial genome and seven nuclear genes." volume="44" year="2023">Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao, 2023</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="55364B30B6382CAC4D73004243D70809" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D26BC5E5D432857C3146725A553F6A71">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A0447F2B12CA53C38080D8DA099D0631">
<treatmentCitation id="C663153001531C2336828F7BDB87D07C">
<taxonomicName id="08BE89745E4525161C0886505DE597B1" authority="Zhou, Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao, 2023" authorityName="Zhou, Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao" authorityYear="2023" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E6FD8DE5C3B06C6578703E195196DDF7" italics="true">Karstsinnectes</emphasis>
Zhou,
<bibRefCitation id="C66C1F83A50F6C33E632C467D762F534" DOI="10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.266" author="Luo T &amp; Yang Q &amp; Wu L &amp; Wang YL &amp; Zhou JJ &amp; Deng HQ &amp; Xiao N &amp; Zhou J" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Research" pagination="693-697" refId="B9" refString="Luo T, Yang Q, Wu L, Wang YL, Zhou JJ, Deng HQ, Xiao N, Zhou J (2023) Phylogenetic relationships of Nemacheilidae cavefish (Heminoemacheilus, Oreonectes, Yunnanilus, Paranemachilus, and Troglonectes) revealed by analysis of mitochondrial genome and seven nuclear genes. Zoological Research 44 (4): 693 - 697. https: // doi. org / 10.24272 / j. issn. 2095 - 8137.2022. 266" title="Phylogenetic relationships of Nemacheilidae cavefish (Heminoemacheilus, Oreonectes, Yunnanilus, Paranemachilus, and Troglonectes) revealed by analysis of mitochondrial genome and seven nuclear genes." volume="44" year="2023">Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao, 2023</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, 696 original descriptions.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECMAC" type="type species">
<paragraph id="14DEE7406624FA24BA1BAD1589C416BB">
<heading id="35AC0F2C249D091FF40835F36375F066" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="9F552AFAC2CC100452D6E2239A8A64E4">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2A94BE92162EC06700C6BB3332852C3">
<taxonomicName id="3727284104CCC3B3F36A6BD2E253EC7F" authority="Zheng, 1981" authorityName="Zheng" authorityYear="1981" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anophthalmus">
<emphasis id="8D99F19BA39B7E53766E847B63CE710D" italics="true">Oreonectes anophthalmus</emphasis>
Zheng, 1981
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETMAC" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="91AB894CC4A0829F882DA127EE425F4E">
<heading id="9DE29871015EC44840E1F305A2BC68C9" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F81D2ED6564F6813DBC56961AD4FAF64">Base of anterior nostril tube-like and tip not elongated to barbel-like; anterior and posterior nostrils adjacent; lips with furrows; caudal peduncle with adipose crests; bony capsule of swim bladder opens posteriorly.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYMAC" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A9FFEF068C20BC7766F441CB61E703E7">
<heading id="011DB83C76E808F1948FBD0F3C8B7F43" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B487005C1143018B75C5CB54C6C99BB8">
In the family
<taxonomicName id="EC5BE2B81CD06DE11AEDB0F92AA7C2AE" family="Nemacheilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Nemacheilidae</taxonomicName>
, the genera
<taxonomicName id="24B42F59258559A2D8FDC6949D2A4AA1" authority="Berg, 1938" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1938" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Eonemachilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="197BEFEE78BC5519AD4A6F2E8ED75003" italics="true">Eonemachilus</emphasis>
Berg, 1938
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="D4EF42C0BF43C12EE0AE187890BCBACF" authorityName="Zhou, Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao" authorityYear="2023" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9C8247240FBCA6082DE43058A6E99313" italics="true">Karstsinnectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="F24DA17C406E83FC8BAD9D8AF1CB0AAB" authority="Rendahl, 1944" authorityName="Rendahl" authorityYear="1944" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Micronemacheilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7E0421D256B596546E18DF0BC564F20A" italics="true">Micronemacheilus</emphasis>
Rendahl, 1944
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="AF4F08099E53B667BB4C04CE099B7580" authority="Yang &amp; Chu, 1990" authorityName="Yang &amp; Chu" authorityYear="1990" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Protonemacheilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0CF85AA60E6E529F607163A41798F522" italics="true">Protonemacheilus</emphasis>
Yang &amp; Chu, 1990
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="ED74B5305B51AB83962FF32F862B165D" authority="Freyhof &amp; Serov, 2001" authorityName="Freyhof &amp; Serov" authorityYear="2001" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Traccatichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="94897E3745178B77085896DFC9A9E906" italics="true">Traccatichthys</emphasis>
Freyhof &amp; Serov, 2001
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="7779D6E002FF75A61AB45A5EE6FA55BC" authority="Nichols, 1925" authorityName="Nichols" authorityYear="1925" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Yunnanilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95E1E8587838A099546C12935A06FB17" italics="true">Yunnanilus</emphasis>
Nichols, 1925
</taxonomicName>
, are characterized by a tube-like anterior nostril with tip not elongated to barbel-like structure (
<bibRefCitation id="BAC8FDE630C657FC5EF7159C3001E987" DOI="10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.229" author="Du" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Du" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Research" pagination="310-334" refId="B5" refString="Du LN, Yang J, Min R, Chen XY, Yang JX (2021) A review of the Cypriniform tribe Yunnanilini Prokofiev, 2010 from China, with an emphasis on five genera based on morphologies and complete mitochondrial genomes of some species. Zoological Research 42 (3): 310334. https://doi.org/10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.229" title="A review of the Cypriniform tribe Yunnanilini Prokofiev, 2010 from China, with an emphasis on five genera based on morphologies and complete mitochondrial genomes of some species." volume="42" year="2021">Du et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="04897A871BA592B2CF315C828890F2BF" DOI="10.1155/2023/3600085" author="Du" firstAuthor="Du" refId="B6" refString="Du LN, Li SJ, Xu F, Luo T, Luo FG, Yu GH, Zhou J (2023) Clarification of Phylogenetic Relationships among Chinese Nemacheilids with Tube-Shaped Anterior Nostrils, with a Description of a New Genus and Two New Species. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 2023: 3600085. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3600085" year="2023">2023</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="AC1908CA231AE71B6046FEC6B1A9B4FC" authorityName="Zhou, Luo, Wang, Zhou &amp; Xiao" authorityYear="2023" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EAB806118EDBC191A78B78F3B587C06" italics="true">Karstsinnectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="35700186FC08CD1BC1A2A9E3062A19EE" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1938" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Eonemachilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9184F263830FECBC16706369F48EDC18" italics="true">Eonemachilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0B8894ED79346338C8E36D40295F878B" authorityName="Yang &amp; Chu" authorityYear="1990" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Protonemacheilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2F443DA47468A9A55CAABF67BC1AC4C" italics="true">Protonemacheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="760B6B3F079E4B5A871C3965B4E2867A" authorityName="Freyhof &amp; Serov" authorityYear="2001" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Traccatichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="496B7A3B048115EF1C28B8CBDBFF077E" italics="true">Traccatichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="6250074D80E08BF77181E06846A1F331" authorityName="Nichols" authorityYear="1925" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Yunnanilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6013EC84E84F3114F077C5E6BC0665D9" italics="true">Yunnanilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by anterior and posterior nostrils adjacent (vs. separated in
<taxonomicName id="84E145AEC5E9734C3890DE96791533D4" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1938" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Eonemachilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="50F081B036F7274F58407361312985C3" italics="true">Eonemachilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3EF36E7881E72ED2896033343375AD6F" authorityName="Nichols" authorityYear="1925" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Yunnanilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3C2E8081893F330A6D0F5C18962D5F6C" italics="true">Yunnanilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, closely set in
<taxonomicName id="884353F5E78A3B81223A9AB7BCA5A5BE" authorityName="Yang &amp; Chu" authorityYear="1990" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Protonemacheilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="776CE2362C71EB496191C126D8BA841A" italics="true">Protonemacheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FA11AC1383D3C4E6DD735DEF10E51E7D" authorityName="Freyhof &amp; Serov" authorityYear="2001" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Traccatichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DDF36DF592518F8D0AAF21CF9F14186" italics="true">Traccatichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and from
<taxonomicName id="EE38E99E661525B70DB8EB17566F466B" authorityName="Rendahl" authorityYear="1944" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Micronemacheilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E7F62E0D8290BB0243F7FCAAC80614FB" italics="true">Micronemacheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="797422E6BFBD970B6BAE07C089C52192" authorityName="Freyhof &amp; Serov" authorityYear="2001" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Traccatichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CDFF8FCA9A59F50407383E1290DBDD6C" italics="true">Traccatichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lips with furrows (vs. with papillae).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDBAE" type="Species included">
<paragraph id="B43A2A61701EBFD37AA8B363289F62D3">
<heading id="68CFCEB3D50D7340F05F90E82136A487" reason="title">Species included.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="93068224C2985988DAE5BAA77CD6EEEC">
<taxonomicName id="CB4D412325A9619F0EBA305A32F580F7" authority="(Lan, 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Lan" baseAuthorityYear="2013" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acridorsalis">
<emphasis id="C66ED6C46EC8A90DA4E80F2FF46A335C" italics="true">Karstsinnectes acridorsalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7358C4CEEE0D91332B606D3A3938FEEB" author="Lan JH &amp; Gan X &amp; Wu TJ &amp; Yang J" refId="B8" refString="Lan JH, Gan X, Wu TJ, Yang J (2013) Cave Fishes of Guangxi, China. Beijing: Science Press, 104 - 139. [in Chinese]" year="2013">Lan, 2013</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6AFD7BD702F6D27E5B79EF7DEAEC8340" authority="(Zheng, 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Zheng" baseAuthorityYear="1981" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anophthalmus">
<emphasis id="CC8EFCD6A569A6773FD205E48BC5613F" italics="true">K. anophthalmus</emphasis>
(Zheng, 1981)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3DA82AAE8794F8B88E7EB184B941D1B5" authority="(Lan, Yang &amp; Chen, 1996)" baseAuthorityName="Lan, Yang &amp; Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1996" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyalinus">
<emphasis id="B46A3C7CA8FD2529AC07CE01046B8E4B" italics="true">K. hyalinus</emphasis>
(Lan, Yang &amp; Chen, 1996)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4429F1E39D8462F69872CCADCEEE9886" authority="Ge &amp; Nong &amp; Yang &amp; Du &amp; Zhou, 2024" authorityName="Ge &amp; Nong &amp; Yang &amp; Du &amp; Zhou" authorityYear="2024" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longzhouensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AFB5562597C014FC067C55CC12CB7402" italics="true">K. longzhouensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="86256D85D5C23222FE63A0B123B04BE9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="C027D6B8D0FEB9877C1D75BA26ACDF82" authority="(Zhu &amp; Zhu, 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Zhu &amp; Zhu" baseAuthorityYear="2014" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Karstsinnectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="30C13E0CD5600CFB9E786D11B42530CC" italics="true">K. parvus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB995D3592CEBE79D1088EA42DA86DC" author="Zhu Y &amp; Zhu DG" issue="6" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Guangdong Ocean University" pagination="18-21" refId="B20" refString="Zhu Y, Zhu DG (2014) Description of a new species of the genus Heminoemachilus (Teleostei: Balitoridae) in Guangxi, China. Journal of Guangdong Ocean University 34 (6): 18 - 21." title="Description of a new species of the genus Heminoemachilus (Teleostei: Balitoridae) in Guangxi, China." volume="34" year="2014">Zhu &amp; Zhu, 2014</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>