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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-237-219" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FE5C8DCC60225357921EA86A73BF932A" ModsDocID="1314-2003-237-219" checkinTime="1706571850863" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Advay, Mahfouz, Albach, Dirk C. &amp; Doostmohammadi, Moslem" docDate="2024" docId="7EBB71DAB2F95F7685CC9C1BF9166A01" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 237: 219-230" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 237" docPubDate="2024-01-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003" docTitle="Veronica kurdistanica M. Advay 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="FE5C8DCC60225357921EA86A73BF932A" lastPageNumber="219" masterDocId="FE5C8DCC60225357921EA86A73BF932A" masterDocTitle="A new species of Veronica (Plantaginaceae) from Western Iran" masterLastPageNumber="230" masterPageNumber="219" pageNumber="219" updateTime="1706572151427" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="094E638949B38D9B182BAD5EC11FF142">
<mods:title id="9D344E6167C9E30F9A4C30609C0B2751">A new species of Veronica (Plantaginaceae) from Western Iran</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B6DB1F725AAA5DFA461BFEFC27C4E09D">Advay, Mahfouz</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="34E6C02F381CBE3DA0701EF677333385" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3542-532X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="94ECED1D825C8433845550D0AAD7566C">Central herbarium, Scholar biology, College of Science of Tehran University, Tehran, Iran</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8CB75E5B177C4F097AD38DF8A1683F8F" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A4E36BE63B24AA2A49C6EBD8E9F2ECE7">Albach, Dirk C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5AD7012208D16E4040F18D0412E0B2E2" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-7382</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9DBFBEEA30F33572D000C0B97A98785B">Institut fuer Biologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky-Universitaet, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F707AAD55A0A2D14A574158D12D03DE6" type="email">dirk.albach@uni-oldenburg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CC0F07A9C6966BB3B7E1DA5188414534" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1B8D1A4D8B6B337FB5426E882E7D1A9D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B6EFFB776003EEC77D8463BF51006DE0">Doostmohammadi, Moslem</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="37F69EA12D594BC22AC193D993A3E4A3" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1777-6676</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8063F20D916EADA46745CED0B7494B0E">Department of Biology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CE5E7A68851564EB2AF61E2B9C0DCE44">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="67106D180F0C7B217135028556A981F8">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="114E1F010FB5E23E990AAD1B2D2DA154">
<mods:date id="E8FA1C450BE3D65EF6397F0E2E6301D3">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="125463ED28C797139AEE34211CA048A7">237</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="340ADE5C8FDE9205372FB09B7FFD83A6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="68626F35F102E997D9216F9A400C9CEC" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7EBB71DAB2F95F7685CC9C1BF9166A01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7EBB71DAB2F95F7685CC9C1BF9166A01" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7EBB71DAB2F95F7685CC9C1BF9166A01" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<subSubSection id="86EC1BA3E9D8EF18D33AB82D9D45DADF" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D4D9DAF2A7F7D43090000BE66FDD99BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="9C0CC9DA87D48F63DF3C7DDB575D684C" LSID="7EBB71DA-B2F9-5F76-85CC-9C1BF9166A01" authority="M. Advay" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica" status="sp. nov.">Veronica kurdistanica M.Advay</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A18CFC97E228A9F4184BBC450182747D" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE31D1C0FCBBC97FC71AB3EA63A4E5D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="description">
<paragraph id="CD891C44A311D4D00D4DDC0869501482" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<figureCitation id="41B387CC5257612A123BBEBFC555A484" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Veronica kurdistanica A-D habitat and habit E, F corolla and inflorescence (photos by M. Advay)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975455" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Fig. 1A-F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D436DB8D85E2996C9FC809A59D246EC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6FE08AD4F426BEAF07DC1A695F729B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<typeStatus id="4DA0D5C4033D3522CBF2C904333A55B1">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CCEB30A3022C27C52270E2341087DC6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<materialsCitation id="F9AC5D9CC706BBC099A952AA8991900F" collectingDate="2015-05-07" country="Iran" elevation="2700" latitude="34.896667" location="Schahu mountain" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="46.561943" municipality="Kamyaran" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kurdistan province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F44278040D0A79D28300ABF6D95E018C" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
-
<collectingRegion id="3A8C9A80DED7CA0CE5669E9358867FE6" country="Iran" name="Kordestan">Kurdistan province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="721B1711CFBE79E2E117FFDF11942E0B">Kamyaran</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4F0F3087399CD1BF1F8E2238183DB3A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7EBB71DAB2F95F7685CC9C1BF9166A01:4F0F3087399CD1BF1F8E2238183DB3A1" country="Iran" latitude="34.896667" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="46.561943" municipality="Kamyaran" name="Schahu mountain" stateProvince="Kurdistan province">Schahu mountain</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0DF7D5DB1F351D326286E86B35A6AB37" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="34.896667">34°53'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CBA465CEB029D8F8769EB758BB11E1A4" degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="46.561943">46°33'43&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4B810F90C84F2A217236FED59AC16E5F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">
<elevation id="23314FAD86346E337A999C261A988B71" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate id="BF4C31D002398EECD90213A7B7D6D945" value="2015-05-07">7 May 2015</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="707F0BA1368ED8962A15333A9718CCC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Advay 12808.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="6BF058F655FDAD51D615ABC5CC76EABF" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
HKS! (Fig.
<figureCitation id="40F191AD1A4EC704D213EFA436861F47" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of V. kurdistanica." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975456" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">2</figureCitation>
),
<typeStatus id="8E8B6EE18156A08CD45A1EE619A8D46A" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
TUH!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A0B42A4D44F3A71C29BAC66444A07F8C" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975455" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="69A1CB2F442BF6979DE8C381D541646A" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="8B0FB20F0A52082C50A2FB9C89F7426B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E5B4075E3694A1B6B4A96601CA86F330" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="913D66F99D8C93722B553768A2F1A031" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A1C3F3C9767A55A403DD4B30275B8CC1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">A-D</emphasis>
habitat and habit
<emphasis id="815F7A7B6AAD87638AC9D9A0199E6F15" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">E, F</emphasis>
corolla and inflorescence (photos by M. Advay).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3D358575FFF405C12BFEDE575E20AD9F" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975456" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="BEC4E7A4E4AD65EC0372399BB491922F" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="9C1F11F3C1DC9728AD6993BD566C271C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="EEBF775F50C2B3F247708E949A08026D" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="8A49095223B47E3D017A0D1700CA6012" lsidName="V. kurdistanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="17AF8B278968D27C265CA8AD18C5512A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AB70E06796A269919987ED83408E2BF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7AD585D7DE980B950AC3AD9F1BCFD9F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41DBCFED10156E5F38B7BD49C3A94518" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="55231DABFD6773039D9585357A48171D" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="38943E76A656A007891822204B8604B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="11EE6BD8E535EE1E1F05DF364759803F" lsidName="V. daranica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="daranica">
<emphasis id="AFCD08A64F5119B576C740B440A9AB94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. daranica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D17C3C73A186DC1045339B5A41EA4389" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Veronica daranica A-C habitat and habit D corolla and inflorescence (photos by M. Doostmohammadi)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975457" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">3A-D</figureCitation>
) based on simple stems (branched only at the base), terminal racemes (rarely axillary), and purple petals. However, it is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="6D24F45CE6C79F27E6337A8E4E0A45C8" lsidName="V. daranica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="daranica">
<emphasis id="F38D4F54503DE12D3A9CEA0741A7E08F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. daranica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the densely glandular (vs. glabrous) indumentum, obovate, elliptic to spathulate leaves that are 4-10 mm long (vs. narrowly elliptic, elliptic to spathulate and 2.5-5 mm long), lanceolate bracts that are 2-2.5 mm long (vs. spathulate and 1.5-2 mm long), capsule 1.2-2.2 mm long and 2-2.1 mm wide (vs. 1.8-2.5 mm long and 2-2.5 mm wide), and seeds 0.8-1.2 mm long and 0.3-0.5 mm wide (vs. 0.7-0.9 mm long, 0.5-0.7 mm wide) (Table
<tableCitation id="31464B0F82A39C9A2B7B9CDC74F6D79D" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. The morphological differences among Veronica kurdistanica and its related taxa." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A1295C707905F25873B945B166B5466F" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" tableUuid="A1295C707905F25873B945B166B5466F">1</tableCitation>
). Also,
<taxonomicName id="F5F3DA372F9F576942316785BFD181B1" lsidName="V. kurdistanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="E2C4FC10494B53B97541D224A6738F09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is related to
<taxonomicName id="BCBD7CAA303B2126B7E118960B8F93FF" lsidName="V. khorassanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="khorassanica">
<emphasis id="5A8F0271DAE217DB22C0C733A54B211B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. khorassanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but it is distinguished from the latter by the densely glandular indumentum (vs. dense eglandular subcrispate); oblong-obovate, elliptic to spathulate leaves (vs. linear), shorter, terminal racemes with 4-14 flowers (vs. axillary racemes with 15-20 (-60) flowers), longer bracts (2-2.5 mm) and calyces (1.7-2 mm long at anthesis, 2-2.5 mm long in fruit) (vs. bracts 1-1.5 (2.5) mm long, calyces 2-2.5 mm long at anthesis, 2.5-3 mm in fruit), and capsule (1.2-2.2 mm long and 2-2.1 mm wide vs. 2.5-3.5 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide), and seed size (0.8-1.2 mm long and 0.3-0.5 mm wide vs. 1.5-2.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide) (Table
<tableCitation id="2951CB06A8ED9445838B7A04BF8A1527" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. The morphological differences among Veronica kurdistanica and its related taxa." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A1295C707905F25873B945B166B5466F" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" tableUuid="A1295C707905F25873B945B166B5466F">1</tableCitation>
). Our new species also differs from
<taxonomicName id="1B33EB9235B4C2613D99C3656168A0BF" lsidName="V. kurdica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdica">
<emphasis id="8503598FD4F89FE353EE336184110C01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specifically by: stems 4-8 cm tall (vs. (5-)10-20(-30) cm), indumentum densely glandular (vs. eglandular or glabrous), raceme terminal and 4-14 flowered (vs. racemes axillary and 5-20 (-25) flowers), pedicels l.5-2 mm long in fruit (vs. 4-8 (-10) mm in fruit), corolla purple, 2.5-3 mm long, 5 mm in diameter (vs. dark to violet blue, 4-6 mm long, 8-10 (-11) mm in diameter) and capsule (1.2-2.2 mm long and 2-2.1 mm wide vs. 2-3.5 mm long, 3-5 mm wide) and seed size (0.8-1.2 mm long and 0.3-0.5 mm wide vs. 1.4-1.8 mm long, 1.1-1.4 (-1.6) mm wide) (Table
<tableCitation id="124D8957BEEFC60C18EE7B5EEB7E432D" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. The morphological differences among Veronica kurdistanica and its related taxa." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A1295C707905F25873B945B166B5466F" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" tableUuid="A1295C707905F25873B945B166B5466F">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="BD632234F7C459F530781A5EBA864990" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975457" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="09E88B63C1DDF79404176472C220C685" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="AFBA9B3AC0F4AE4DCA24EBEEC3CFA088" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4B9C574CCC07C71DE9F68D7ED6C8A361" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica daranica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="daranica">
<emphasis id="A24FD189D132E9FF8582A718CD727B78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica daranica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4358DF4F19962CA99FE97959F1E5D58E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">A-C</emphasis>
habitat and habit
<emphasis id="D0D407F9AF5310F5049AEA24647FFAEE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">D</emphasis>
corolla and inflorescence (photos by M. Doostmohammadi).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7EE98EC3CD76760A766BCC1E8F255CA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="description">
<paragraph id="773D351554A7F56BA64B1987BBCF27F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BC38EFD427035183290B74DE90AEC11" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
Perennial plant, rhizome stout, plant 4-8 cm tall; stems woody, ascending at base, erect,
<normalizedToken id="07F786C937753B3FD1423D9B44C50FF2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
densely glandular. Leaves 8-10 pairs, fleshy, lower leaves with petiole 8-10 mm long, 4-8 mm wide, gradually attenuate at base, oblong-obovate, elliptic to spathulate, cauline leaves 4-6 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, sessile above, entire,
<normalizedToken id="6EAD3D6EBA9BC8938D7405C0E8F9FFB9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
glandular, upper side more than lower side. Racemes 1-2, often terminal, 4-14 flowered, 0.5-1 cm long in flowering stage, elongated to 1-1.5 cm long in fruiting stage; hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long, glandular; bracts spathulate, 2-2.5 mm long, shorter than leaves, entire, densely glandular hairy on the upper surface, less so on the lower side; pedicel 1-1.5 mm long at anthesis, 1.5-2 mm long in fruit, pubescent with spreading yellowish glandular hairs. Calyx 1.5-2 mm long and 0.7-1 mm wide at anthesis, 2-2.5 mm long and 1-1.2 mm wide in fruit; lobes oblong, 0.4-0.8 mm long united at base. Corolla purple, 2.5-3 mm long, 4-5 mm in diameter, adaxial and lateral lobes elliptic, obtuse and abaxial lobe oblong, subacuminate, corolla tube white and internally densely pubescent; stamens with filaments 1.5-2 mm long, white; anthers ca. 1 mm, purplish to white; style 1.6-2.7 mm long, purplish, whitish at base. Capsule obcordate, 1.2-2.2 mm long and 2-2.1 mm wide, equaling or slightly overtopping the calyx, glandular hairs sparsely spreading. Seeds flat, oblong-elliptic, 0.8-1.2 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide, brown-yellowish, surface reticulate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84285C2D943B8A6EAB5F737A8E808E51" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="9296BFE4FE06BA86E1E73FAFE890AEE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CC1A6BA181FA73B0C739D382069E499" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Referring to Kurdistan Province (Western Iran), where the new species was discovered.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7270C09C0D5AC11FB9A37BB2303393D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3EF73489C1960806C56F3E75F545E9B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Distribution, habitat, and phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF4C9AD9DE7F3CF882B338137C70B247" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
The species is currently known from a few populations in Schahu mountain, Hawraman region, Kurdistan Province, western Iran. It is an Irano-Turanian phytogeographical element that grows on limestone cliffs of mountainous slopes of Schahu mountains, 2500-2950 m a. s. l. (Figs
<figureCitation id="8AB4DA0A32DFA9AE1460AEAD36CC5506" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B habitat of Veronica kurdistanica (photos by M. Advay)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975458" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="082C397456F48AE981A367026FB14102" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution of Veronica kurdistanica (circle) and V. daranica (cross), V. khorassanica (square), V. kurdica subsp. kurdica (blue triangle) and V. kurdica subsp. filicaulis (pink triangle) in Iran." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975459" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">5</figureCitation>
). Flowering April to May, fruiting June.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CDAFDF2CB83DBD62533EDEBE6A9BAB3E" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975458" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="FF135C5A969ABC466895C75A0EAB76BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="B499000055DC89719B090029B562B51F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D22D129723A5039476F32C9951B9917B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">A, B</emphasis>
habitat of
<taxonomicName id="2C5FB455CE2367E78004817E619AC2D5" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="DD797F5EADDDEB9749093A21370E5408" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(photos by M. Advay).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEC1BC8E6E1FEE4B0A4DB264B0D7874" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975459" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="4602CC91A956951F7A4937E8FB7171AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="B4DD1634FE2E8567D163262129AA1FC7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="F012C5F72762909D00E799511C9C729C" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="E36D5F28AA5F8B6B6EF94C7EE7EBA427" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(circle) and
<taxonomicName id="184BBD6560C4A13FB55DADF9CB43D341" lsidName="V. daranica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="daranica">
<emphasis id="770B407F24EF450364107874E5DA5439" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. daranica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cross),
<taxonomicName id="7B427E4CEFA8FD7BF7DC78D99D20D4DB" lsidName="V. khorassanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="khorassanica">
<emphasis id="F3901606FC2C4A8AE15DC756F69F9AC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. khorassanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(square),
<taxonomicName id="33D25CD1F5C2ADE94F49476A50160E30" lsidName="V. kurdica subsp. kurdica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="subSpecies" species="kurdica" subSpecies="kurdica">V. kurdica subsp. kurdica</taxonomicName>
(blue triangle) and
<taxonomicName id="8A97200B26B8153B3C4A1376C8718030" lsidName="V. kurdica subsp. filicaulis" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="subSpecies" species="kurdica" subSpecies="filicaulis">V. kurdica subsp. filicaulis</taxonomicName>
(pink triangle) in Iran.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3EE9590BE224BBEF44AB58D824D84796" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="0E13CF7B0E5082F5BE91ECA23562FDC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA1446131CD14E400C0696C3D24C59C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="D14DF06A30A4C7352A77D843A6282419" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="B6EBCDDCDB5E82CE8A61BF151B534F43" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is observed in a restricted area of the Avroman (Hawraman) region in the province of Kurdistan. The estimated area of occupancy is less than 50 km2. The species is proposed to be classified as critically endangered (CR) following the IUCN criteria (2022).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="54D59D35082508F2CDB9D68E490B8C77" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="taxonomic notes">
<paragraph id="7225832928ECC0618BE1AB463DCA3F6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C56C683DFF70558E786992F5EF3A016" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="ECA53E9BDB72E45336652A0913B39137" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="7A0DE6FCEAEC186A4286DC11511E0FE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="25252CCD632EDE9FAA5043BD27C21BFF" authority="Pentasepalae" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica (Pentasepalae) subsp. subgenus" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pentasepalae">Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) M. M. Mart. Ort., Albach &amp; M. A. Fisch. (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C8968427D3206B80F4554847849EB414" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. 50 % majority-rule consensus tree obtained from the Bayesian analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Posterior probabilities are given above the branches." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975460" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">6</figureCitation>
), by far the most species-rich subgenus in Iran, with many perennial, mountainous species. It has been demonstrated that this subgenus has probably originated in the Iranian plateau, with several relict and morphologically isolated species distributed at present along the Zagros and Alborz Mountains (
<bibRefCitation id="71F7E69CC40D364E56E9D85304E8E8F0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050639" author="Doostmohammadi, M" journalOrPublisher="Feddes Repertorium" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" refId="B4" refString="Doostmohammadi, M, Bordbar, F, Albach, DC, Mirtadzadini, M, 2022. Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae (Plantaginaceae): Evidence for its origin and subsequent dispersal. Biology 11(5): e639. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050639" title="Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae (Plantaginaceae): Evidence for its origin and subsequent dispersal. Biology 11 (5): e 639." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050639" year="2022">Doostmohammadi et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7ACBA6458199F64F03EB294EDA39C58F" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975460" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="89678EAA5AC3CBC962D75EEF037C7019" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="E02F2D5DCC4762508B7B0B8F7BB678CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Figure 6.</emphasis>
50% majority-rule consensus tree obtained from the Bayesian analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Posterior probabilities are given above the branches.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="06F0E956A2427EC7E4E068E9116523E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="2DA5BE37E7D4D796043C994390F5C042" authorityName="M. Advay" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Veronica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Veronica kurdistanica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="90CA0DE0455A19AE912A7A503158D96E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Veronica kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="24445FE84BB4CF86AC5A867374923197" lsidName="V. kurdica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdica">
<emphasis id="0787C907DA1BBA06457EDB874D6A37F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group and is morphologically closest to
<taxonomicName id="C7B8CA8A0F3367F7B34E158B4EA273F0" lsidName="V. daranica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="daranica">
<emphasis id="9F85E33B79DDDB160B89714CE0AB592B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. daranica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="67C920235B2490E02A32715280E862D9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Veronica daranica A-C habitat and habit D corolla and inflorescence (photos by M. Doostmohammadi)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975457" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">3</figureCitation>
) but occurs more than 500 km apart (Fig.
<figureCitation id="83115E29F8AF980F49F8DCA4E74D1BE1" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution of Veronica kurdistanica (circle) and V. daranica (cross), V. khorassanica (square), V. kurdica subsp. kurdica (blue triangle) and V. kurdica subsp. filicaulis (pink triangle) in Iran." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975459" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">5</figureCitation>
). The group has maximum support in the phylogenetic analysis (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A4D01E4357D6BFCD82E216C672EEA2F6" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. 50 % majority-rule consensus tree obtained from the Bayesian analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Posterior probabilities are given above the branches." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975460" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">6</figureCitation>
), although there is no morphological character setting this group apart from related species. Members of this group are all endemic, perennial species adapted to arid conditions; they are important constituents of the alpine flora of Iran. Species delimitation is sometimes difficult among the members of
<taxonomicName id="98682600A45E4F44FC9E70ED0D2094BA" lsidName="V. kurdica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdica">
<emphasis id="6C345D03A3C520A7126CCFE2F8FB4102" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex. For instance,
<taxonomicName id="3F778CB6CF2379163C421AC0C2EC6F39" lsidName="V. daranica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="daranica">
<emphasis id="63B131BC8E7700AA2F1A6A8AD97007DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. daranica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from glabrous forms of
<taxonomicName id="7841A0F53173C75DF54E99F47671CB7F" lsidName="V. kurdica subsp. filicaulis" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="subSpecies" species="kurdica" subSpecies="filicaulis">V. kurdica subsp. filicaulis</taxonomicName>
(Freyn) M.A. Fisch. only by its dense, compact habit, thinner petals and some other subtle morphometric differences, but the molecular studies confirmed that it is a distinct species (
<bibRefCitation id="8BEE8996A22832BD14150F11E9E30EA3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050639" author="Doostmohammadi, M" journalOrPublisher="Feddes Repertorium" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" refId="B4" refString="Doostmohammadi, M, Bordbar, F, Albach, DC, Mirtadzadini, M, 2022. Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae (Plantaginaceae): Evidence for its origin and subsequent dispersal. Biology 11(5): e639. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050639" title="Phylogeny and historical biogeography of Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae (Plantaginaceae): Evidence for its origin and subsequent dispersal. Biology 11 (5): e 639." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050639" year="2022">Doostmohammadi et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="FB4173ABABB1F31207649A2B219B4319" lsidName="V. kurdistanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdistanica">
<emphasis id="69D7B937EB850D87A222EBE0DC919734" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdistanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a unique species within
<taxonomicName id="195B58EE995F7A513FD2E1F6243556F7" lsidName="V. kurdica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdica">
<emphasis id="FE85BA48474063A091D00221BEF2B577" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex differing from all others by its glandular indumentum, apart from other subtler differences mentioned above. Other species are either glabrous or have an eglandular indumentum. It is not unusual in the genus to differentiate a species mainly on the basis of glandular indumentum and other subtle differences. An example is
<taxonomicName id="5DB5818187EB76FAAEA8D2B9A849BD78" lsidName="V. porphyriana" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="porphyriana">
<emphasis id="E88E2C8E7D934D7DE551ABFC7C5E9FDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. porphyriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pavlov, which has often been included in
<taxonomicName id="9C81730491D1758524CEDA6E3E15BF8D" lsidName="V. spicata" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="spicata">
<emphasis id="7E86721699BD354B5F755F1384BC7DBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. spicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<emphasis id="F694C4178B6ED9546376CDC5B796347D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">sensu lato</emphasis>
), but has been clearly differentiated based on DNA-based evidence (
<bibRefCitation id="5877535B2548DB6A8D53D40C30CDC86F" author="Khan, G" journalOrPublisher="Bioinformatics" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" refId="B8" refString="Khan, G, Mayland-Quellhorst, E, Kosachev, P, Albach, DC, in press. Altai Mountains - cradle of hybrids and introgressants: A case study in Veronica subg. Pseudolysimachium (Plantaginaceae). TAXON." title="Altai Mountains - cradle of hybrids and introgressants: A case study in Veronica subg. Pseudolysimachium (Plantaginaceae). TAXON." year="in press">Khan et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
). In the molecular phylogenetic tree, our new species is assembled in a polytomy including
<taxonomicName id="29FF106C646ADD84AE3F58E1E8857FFF" lsidName="V. daranica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="daranica">
<emphasis id="9CE822C13418E84B93219FAE44443C65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. daranica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D824B8837D61BB07B5C0348ED3886638" lsidName="V. khorassanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="khorassanica">
<emphasis id="C5889308771B9CD905CF9A074A1FB947" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. khorassanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and two subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="20AE2650FDBDD5468093A24A92359925" lsidName="V. kurdica" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species" species="kurdica">
<emphasis id="46F990583A09F6D5D73A8768EA0C0F71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">V. kurdica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="CCF94D6BD72E772D83048FE45E9FB019" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. 50 % majority-rule consensus tree obtained from the Bayesian analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences. Posterior probabilities are given above the branches." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.237.115003.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/975460" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">6</figureCitation>
). A comprehensive morpho-molecular study is required to delimitate further the species of this complex, both morphologically and geographically. The finding of this new species is noteworthy since it emphasizes that the Kurdistan region is an important center of diversity, despite being under-investigated. Thus, future field work may further increase the species number of the region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="71BE49302E092F3DFD3C9540A819BE1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="additional specimens">
<paragraph id="9E829FE6F72669A62B0560C555948187" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Additional specimens</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53AE9208D7F0A2320B852CEEF9B8F983" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="839AAC5306715F63710C264494C9693F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">(paratypes).</emphasis>
Iran - Kurdistan province, Kamyaran, Schahu mountain
<geoCoordinate id="A4D3CD8AFC8D83CE03EC4684F4A503E8" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="34.896667">34°53'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DF7A9B2C830AC02043B70968BEDD8981" degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="46.561943">46°33'43&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 2500 m, 10 May 2015, Advay 12829 (HKS), Kamyaran, Schahu mountain
<geoCoordinate id="63BF47E4713587C875A07700B2DC151A" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="34.908337">34°54'30&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="109D9A3C76E54E3545E140DDE0656FE5" degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="46.545277">46°32'43&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 2920 m, 15 May 2023, Advay 48735 (TUH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>