treatments-xml/data/03/82/DB/0382DB75FC3B055A05AADD850B4EFBCF.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.588.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7751590" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="1" checkinTime="1679300158074" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Facco, Marlon Garlet &amp; Cavalcanti, Taciana Barbosa" docDate="2023" docId="0382DB75FC3B055A05AADD850B4EFBCF" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.588.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 588 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.2:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cuphea carajasensis Lourteig 1987" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1935" masterDocId="FFBBA30DFC2305400522DE040F2AFFF3" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic Revision of Cuphea sect. Trispermum s. l. (Lythraceae)" masterLastPageNumber="1935" masterPageNumber="1921" pageNumber="1921" updateTime="1679575441395" updateUser="jonas">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomic Revision of Cuphea sect. Trispermum s. l. (Lythraceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Facco, Marlon Garlet</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-4087-2706</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil &amp; mgfbio @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4087 - 2706</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mgfbio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cavalcanti, Taciana Barbosa</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-1649-9830</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil &amp; Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70770 - 917, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil &amp; Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil &amp; taciana. cavalcanti @ embrapa. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1649 - 9830 Corresponding author: mgfbio @ gmail. com &amp; Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">taciana.cavalcanti@embrapa.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-20</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>588</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1921</mods:start>
<mods:end>1935</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.588.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7751590</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC3B055A05AADD850B4EFBCF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0382DB75FC3B055A05AADD850B4EFBCF" lastPageId="26" pageId="24">
<subSubSection box="[136,636,897,924]" pageId="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="24.[136,1451,897,995]" box="[136,636,897,924]" pageId="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,403,897,924]" pageId="24">
6. 
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="32F4S" ID-ENA="2182553" authority="Lourteig (1987: 13)" authorityName="Lourteig" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="1987" box="[164,633,897,924]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,403,897,924]" italics="true" pageId="24">Cuphea carajasensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Lourteig, A." box="[409,633,897,924]" pageId="24" pagination="5 - 48" refId="ref56406" refString="Lourteig, A. (1987) Lythraceae Austroamericanae. Addenda et corrigenda II. Sellowia 39: 5 - 48." type="journal article" year="1987">Lourteig (1987: 13)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="24.[136,1451,897,995]" pageId="24">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-03-14" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Silva &amp; Rosa &amp; Bahia &amp; Santos" country="Brazil" county="Silva" elevation="725" latitude="-6.051" location="Serra dos Carajas" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-50.174" municipality="Maraba" pageId="24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:— 
<collectingCountry box="[734,839,898,924]" name="Brazil" pageId="24">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[849,903,898,924]" pageId="24">Pará</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality box="[913,1001,897,923]" pageId="24">Marabá</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC3B055A05AADD850B4EFBCF:8EF43CB8FC3B055806D6DD860B90FC68" box="[1012,1210,897,924]" country="Brazil" county="Silva" latitude="-6.051" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-50.174" municipality="Maraba" name="Serra dos Carajas" pageId="24" stateProvince="Para">Serra dos Carajás</location>
, N-4 [approx. 
<geoCoordinate box="[1372,1447,897,924]" degrees="6.051" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" precision="55" value="-6.051">-6.051</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[136,228,932,959]" degrees="50.174" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" precision="55" value="-50.174">-50.174</geoCoordinate>
], mina piloto para exploraç ã o de ferro, alt. 
<quantity box="[719,864,932,959]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="24" unit="m" value="725.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="700.0">
<elevation box="[719,864,932,959]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="24" unit="m" value="725.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="700.0">700 a 750 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date box="[877,1053,933,959]" pageId="24" value="1984-03-14">
<collectingDate box="[877,1053,933,959]" pageId="24" value="1984-03-14">14 March 1984</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[1065,1451,933,959]" italics="true" pageId="24">
<collectorName box="[1065,1124,933,959]" pageId="24">Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[1136,1195,933,958]" pageId="24">Rosa</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[1208,1388,933,959]" pageId="24">Bahia &amp; Santos</collectorName>
1778
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[144,244,968,994]" pageId="24">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode box="[250,265,968,994]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="24" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[01901532] image!, isotypes INPA!, MG!, NY image!, R). 
<figureCitation box="[935,1057,968,994]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[136,229,1618,1640]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,194,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[208,1376,193,1594]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. A–H. Cuphea bahiensis. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Detail of the bracteose raceme; D. Flower in frontal view; E. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; F. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; G. Pistil; H. Seed. I–O. Cuphea carajasensis. I–J. Bracteose racemes, with lilac (I) and carmine (J) flowers; K. Narrow-ovate leaves; L. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; M. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; N. Pistil; O. Seed.A–G: Facco et al. 483; H: Cavalcanti et al. 366; K–O: Viana et al. 5568. Scale bar. B, F: 4 mm; E, G, L–N: 2 mm; H, O: 1 mm; K: 6 mm. Photos. I–J: Pedro Viana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751606/files/figure.png" pageId="24">Figs. 8I–O</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[1069,1100,968,994]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="60.[136,229,1068,1090]" captionTargetBox="[280,1307,192,1042]" captionTargetId="figure-35@60.[280,1307,191,1042]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 19. Geographical distribution of Cuphea araguaiaensis, Cuphea carajasensis and Cuphea odonellii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751626/files/figure.png" pageId="24">19</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="24.[136,1452,1038,1953]" pageId="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,264,1038,1064]" pageId="24">Subshrubs</emphasis>
<quantity box="[272,398,1038,1065]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" unit="cm" value="65.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="30.0">30–100 cm</quantity>
tall; stems erect, indumentum glabrescent to pubescent, eglandular trichomes &lt;
<quantity box="[1300,1387,1038,1065]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long, erect or with curved apices, rare glandular trichomes or one-armed appressed trichomes, sometimes the indumentum is distributed in a longitudinal band along the stem; internodes 
<quantity box="[848,953,1108,1135]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="24" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–3 cm</quantity>
long; brachyblasts absent. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1259,1341,1109,1135]" pageId="24">Leaves</emphasis>
opposite, chartaceous, sessile to subsessile, blades 5–35 × 
<quantity box="[693,811,1144,1171]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–8 mm</quantity>
, linear, narrow-ovate to ovate, apex acute, base acute to obtuse, rarely cordate, margin plane to subrevolute, surfaces glabrous or with sparse one-armed appressed trichomes; hyphodromous, secondary veins rarely visible. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[659,765,1214,1240]" pageId="24">Racemes</emphasis>
<quantity box="[770,866,1214,1241]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="24" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
long, bracteose, rarely frondose-bracteose, simple to compound, elongated, distinct; bracts 2–20 × 
<quantity box="[636,750,1249,1276]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–3 mm</quantity>
, subequal pairs, usually linear, similar to leaves in indumentum. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,231,1285,1311]" pageId="24">Flowers</emphasis>
alternate; pedicels 
<quantity box="[457,595,1285,1311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="2.35" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–3.4 mm</quantity>
long; bracteoles 
<quantity box="[796,934,1284,1311]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
long, ovate; floral tubes 
<quantity box="[1230,1326,1284,1311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9 mm</quantity>
long; spur obtuse, horizontal to deflexed; outer surface vinaceous to purple, indumentum pubescent, mixed with short glandular trichomes, &lt;
<quantity box="[277,364,1355,1382]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long; inner surface villous on almost the entire floral tube, rarely only pilose in the lower third; petals 6, lilac to purple, rarely carmine, subequal, two dorsal 3.2–5 × 
<quantity box="[955,1096,1390,1417]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2.7 mm</quantity>
, obovate, four ventral 3–5.4 × 
<quantity box="[136,273,1426,1452]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.7 mm</quantity>
, narrow-obovate to obovate; stamens free in the upper third of the floral tube, five antesepalous exserted, four antepetalous subexserted; pistil 
<quantity box="[545,637,1460,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
long; ovary densely villous in the dorsal region; style villous in the basal portion; ovules 2–3; nectary ca. 0.8 × 
<quantity box="[552,639,1496,1523]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, horizontal to slightly deflexed. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[994,1061,1495,1521]" pageId="24">Seeds</emphasis>
1–2, 1.9–2.3 × 
<quantity box="[1232,1368,1496,1522]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="24" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.1 mm</quantity>
, broadelliptic to suborbicular, apex obtuse, truncate to slightly retuse, base obtuse, margin slightly thickened.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="24.[136,1452,1038,1953]" pageId="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,323,1567,1593]" pageId="24">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Collected with flowers and fruits from October to May, with highest fruit production from December to March.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="24.[136,1452,1038,1953]" pageId="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,490,1639,1665]" pageId="24">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
— 
<collectingCountry box="[520,590,1639,1665]" name="Brazil" pageId="24">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, in Pará state (
<figureCitation box="[754,838,1639,1665]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="60.[136,229,1068,1090]" captionTargetBox="[280,1307,192,1042]" captionTargetId="figure-35@60.[280,1307,191,1042]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 19. Geographical distribution of Cuphea araguaiaensis, Cuphea carajasensis and Cuphea odonellii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751626/files/figure.png" pageId="24">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
); ecosystems with ironstone outcrops (“cangas”), such as swamps and grasslands, and edges of dense ombrophilous forests; 
<quantity box="[913,1040,1675,1702]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.165" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.33" pageId="24" unit="m" value="716.5" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="633.0">633–800 m</quantity>
elev.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" type="conservation">
<paragraph blockId="24.[136,1452,1038,1953]" pageId="24">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,435,1711,1737]" pageId="24">Conservation status:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName box="[463,695,1711,1737]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis box="[463,695,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="24">Cuphea carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was categorized as Endangered (EN) B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii), with EOO of 
<quantity box="[234,342,1747,1775]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.258" pageId="24" unit="km" value="3258.0">3,258 km</quantity>
² and AOO of 
<quantity box="[508,583,1747,1775]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="24" unit="km" value="88.0">88 km</quantity>
². It is a narrow endemic species of Serra dos Carajás and Serra Arqueada, a region that suffers from intense exploration for iron ore, among other minerals, since this location stands out as one of the largest mineral provinces in the world (
<bibRefCitation author="Freitas, M. L. D." box="[620,765,1819,1845]" pageId="24" pagination="22 - 29" refId="ref53588" refString="Freitas, M. L. D. (1986) Algumas consideracies sobre a regi &quot; o-programa. In: Almeida, J. M. G. (Org.) Carajas: desafio politico, ecologia e desenvolvimento. CNPq, Brasilia, pp. 22 - 29." type="book chapter" year="1986">Freitas 1986</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Santos, B. A." box="[776,918,1819,1845]" pageId="24" pagination="294 - 361" refId="ref57661" refString="Santos, B. A. (1986) Recursos minerais. In: Almeida, J. M. G (Org.) Carajas: desafio politico, ecologia e desenvolvimento. CNPq, Brasilia, pp. 294 - 361." type="book chapter" year="1986">Santos 1986</bibRefCitation>
). Despite the existence of the conservation unit “Floresta Nacional de Carajás” (ICMBio 2016), the populations of 
<taxonomicName box="[890,1063,1855,1881]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis box="[890,1063,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="24">C. carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are threatened by growing exactly on the iron outcrops drained by mining companies. Furthermore, a unique population of carmine flowers from Serra Arqueada is totally unprotected, outside this conservation unit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7751606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751606/files/figure.png" pageId="25" startId="25.[136,229,1618,1640]" targetBox="[210,1375,194,1593]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph blockId="25.[136,1452,1618,1784]" pageId="25">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,248,1618,1640]" pageId="25">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[261,309,1618,1639]" pageId="25">A–H</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName box="[322,499,1618,1640]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bahiensis">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[322,499,1618,1640]" italics="true" pageId="25">Cuphea bahiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[513,530,1618,1639]" pageId="25">A</emphasis>
. Habit; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[610,626,1619,1640]" pageId="25">B</emphasis>
. Detail of a branch; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,845,1618,1640]" pageId="25">C</emphasis>
. Detail of the bracteose raceme; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1167,1184,1619,1640]" pageId="25">D</emphasis>
. Flower in frontal view; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1429,1445,1619,1640]" pageId="25">E</emphasis>
. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[549,564,1655,1676]" pageId="25">F</emphasis>
. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1135,1154,1654,1676]" pageId="25">G</emphasis>
. Pistil; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1230,1249,1655,1676]" pageId="25">H</emphasis>
. Seed. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1321,1361,1654,1676]" pageId="25">I–O</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="25">Cuphea carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[272,306,1691,1712]" pageId="25">I–J</emphasis>
. Bracteose racemes, with lilac (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[627,636,1691,1712]" pageId="25">I</emphasis>
) and carmine (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,802,1691,1712]" pageId="25">J</emphasis>
) flowers; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[906,925,1691,1712]" pageId="25">K</emphasis>
. Narrow-ovate leaves; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1157,1173,1691,1712]" pageId="25">L</emphasis>
. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[283,306,1727,1748]" pageId="25">M</emphasis>
. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,880,1727,1748]" pageId="25">N</emphasis>
. Pistil; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[953,972,1726,1748]" pageId="25">O</emphasis>
. Seed. A–G: 
<emphasis box="[1098,1252,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="25">Facco et al. 483</emphasis>
; H: 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25">Cavalcanti et al. 366</emphasis>
; K–O: 
<emphasis box="[244,408,1762,1784]" italics="true" pageId="25">Viana et al. 5568</emphasis>
. Scale bar. B, F: 4 mm; E, G, L–N: 2 mm; H, O: 1 mm; K: 6 mm. Photos. I–J: Pedro Viana.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection lastPageId="26" pageId="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="25.[136,1451,1830,2074]" lastBlockId="26.[136,1452,158,1085]" lastPageId="26" pageId="25">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,623,1831,1857]" pageId="25">Representative specimens examined:</emphasis>
—BRAZIL. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[763,821,1830,1857]" pageId="25">Pará</emphasis>
: Cana ã dos Carajás, Serra Sul, 06°23’49”S, 50°20’57”W, 
<date box="[136,356,1867,1893]" pageId="25" value="2007-12-06">06 December 2007</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[368,565,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="25">Viana et al. 3349</emphasis>
(BHCB!, RB!); Cana ã dos Carajás, Floresta Nacional dos Carajás, Serra Sul, Corpos A, B, C e Brejo, 06°22’48”S, 50°22’55”W, 
<date box="[714,930,1903,1929]" pageId="25" value="2007-12-08">08 December 2007</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[942,1125,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="25">Mota et al. 1106</emphasis>
(BHCB!, MG!, RB!); 
<collectingCounty box="[1381,1441,1903,1929]" pageId="25">Cana</collectingCounty>
ã dos Carajás, Serra do Tarzan, 06°20’02”S, 50°09’25”W, 
<date box="[798,979,1939,1965]" pageId="25" value="2009-03-13">13 March 2009</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[994,1198,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="25">Giorno et al. 126</emphasis>
(BHCB!); Cana ã dos Carajás, Serra da Bocaína, 06°18’35”S, 49°54’03”W, 
<date box="[766,962,1975,2001]" pageId="25" value="2013-01-28">28 January 2013</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[977,1197,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="25">Arruda et al. 1396</emphasis>
(BHCB!); Cana ã dos Carajás, FLONA de Carajás-Serra dos Carajás, 
<specimenCode box="[669,711,2011,2037]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" type="Herbarium">S11</specimenCode>
D, 
<date box="[745,919,2011,2038]" pageId="25" value="2015-03-30">30 March 2015</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[930,1151,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="25">Cardoso et al. 2013</emphasis>
(RB!); Cana ã dos Carajás, Serra dos Carajás, Serra Sul, 
<specimenCode box="[472,515,2047,2073]" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" type="Herbarium">S11</specimenCode>
C, 06°23’06”S, 50°23’03”W, 
<date box="[854,1032,2047,2073]" pageId="25" value="2016-03-23">23 March 2016</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[1045,1268,2047,2073]" italics="true" pageId="25">Harley et al. 57432</emphasis>
(RB!); 
<collectingCounty box="[1359,1447,2047,2073]" pageId="25">Marabá</collectingCounty>
, Serra dos Carajás, Serra do Norte, Clareira 
<specimenCode box="[623,659,158,184]" collectionCode="N" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="26" type="Herbarium">N1</specimenCode>
, 
<date box="[672,831,158,184]" pageId="26" value="1970-04-18">18 April 1970</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[842,1125,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="26">Cavalcante &amp; Silva 2639</emphasis>
(MG!, NY image!); 
<collectingCounty box="[1359,1447,158,184]" pageId="26">Marabá</collectingCounty>
, Serra dos Carajás, 
<specimenCode box="[347,384,194,220]" collectionCode="N" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="26" type="Herbarium">N4</specimenCode>
, 
<date box="[395,570,194,221]" pageId="26" value="1977-03-25">25 March 1977</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[581,803,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="26">
<collectingCounty box="[581,637,194,220]" pageId="26">Silva</collectingCounty>
&amp; Bahia 2923
</emphasis>
(MG!, P image!); Ourilândia [do Norte], Serra Arqueada, 06º30’33”S, 51º09’23”W, 
<date box="[437,594,230,257]" pageId="26" value="2016-05-03">03 May 2016</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[607,805,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="26">Viana et al. 6183</emphasis>
(CEN!, MG!); Parauapebas, Acampamento AMZA, 
<specimenCode box="[1410,1446,230,256]" collectionCode="N" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="26" type="Herbarium">N1</specimenCode>
, aeroporto, 06°01’00”S, 50°18’00”W, 
<date box="[568,727,266,293]" pageId="26" value="1982-05-18">18 May 1982</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[741,971,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="26">Sperling et al. 5728</emphasis>
(K image!, MG!); 
<collectingCounty box="[1197,1340,266,292]" pageId="26">Parauapebas</collectingCounty>
, Serra do Rabo, Norte, 06°18’14”S, 49°53’37”W, 
<date box="[590,806,302,329]" pageId="26" value="2010-12-15">15 December 2010</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[818,1004,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="26">Mota et al. 1890</emphasis>
(BHCB!, IAN!); Parauapebas, Serra de Carajás, Núcleo Urbano de Carajás, mina 
<specimenCode box="[602,638,338,364]" collectionCode="N" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="26" type="Herbarium">N1</specimenCode>
, ca 8 km da estrada do Manganês, 06º02’11”S, 50º17’01”W, 
<date pageId="26" value="2011-02-10">10 February 2011</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[208,428,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="26">Lima &amp; Silva 7108</emphasis>
(RB!); Parauapebas, FLONA de Carajás, Serra Norte, 
<specimenCode box="[1065,1101,374,400]" collectionCode="N" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="26" type="Herbarium">N1</specimenCode>
, 06°02’30”S, 50°16’14”W, 
<date pageId="26" value="2015-03-26">26 March 2015</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[286,477,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="26">Viana et al. 5568</emphasis>
(CEN!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="26.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="26">
<taxonomicName box="[189,421,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis box="[189,421,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="26">Cuphea carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by sessile, narrow-ovate (
<figureCitation box="[883,968,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[136,229,1618,1640]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,194,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[208,1376,193,1594]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. A–H. Cuphea bahiensis. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Detail of the bracteose raceme; D. Flower in frontal view; E. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; F. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; G. Pistil; H. Seed. I–O. Cuphea carajasensis. I–J. Bracteose racemes, with lilac (I) and carmine (J) flowers; K. Narrow-ovate leaves; L. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; M. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; N. Pistil; O. Seed.A–G: Facco et al. 483; H: Cavalcanti et al. 366; K–O: Viana et al. 5568. Scale bar. B, F: 4 mm; E, G, L–N: 2 mm; H, O: 1 mm; K: 6 mm. Photos. I–J: Pedro Viana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751606/files/figure.png" pageId="26">Fig. 8K</figureCitation>
) to linear leaves, long and distinct bracteose racemes (
<figureCitation box="[243,345,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[136,229,1618,1640]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,194,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[208,1376,193,1594]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. A–H. Cuphea bahiensis. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Detail of the bracteose raceme; D. Flower in frontal view; E. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; F. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; G. Pistil; H. Seed. I–O. Cuphea carajasensis. I–J. Bracteose racemes, with lilac (I) and carmine (J) flowers; K. Narrow-ovate leaves; L. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; M. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; N. Pistil; O. Seed.A–G: Facco et al. 483; H: Cavalcanti et al. 366; K–O: Viana et al. 5568. Scale bar. B, F: 4 mm; E, G, L–N: 2 mm; H, O: 1 mm; K: 6 mm. Photos. I–J: Pedro Viana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751606/files/figure.png" pageId="26">Fig. 8I, J</figureCitation>
), and by the villous ovary in the dorsal region (
<figureCitation box="[873,963,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[136,229,1618,1640]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,194,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[208,1376,193,1594]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. A–H. Cuphea bahiensis. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Detail of the bracteose raceme; D. Flower in frontal view; E. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; F. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; G. Pistil; H. Seed. I–O. Cuphea carajasensis. I–J. Bracteose racemes, with lilac (I) and carmine (J) flowers; K. Narrow-ovate leaves; L. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; M. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; N. Pistil; O. Seed.A–G: Facco et al. 483; H: Cavalcanti et al. 366; K–O: Viana et al. 5568. Scale bar. B, F: 4 mm; E, G, L–N: 2 mm; H, O: 1 mm; K: 6 mm. Photos. I–J: Pedro Viana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751606/files/figure.png" pageId="26">Fig. 8N</figureCitation>
), which is uncommon in the genus. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26">Cuphea carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is directly associated with the plateaus of isolated outcrops of ironstone (“cangas”) in Serra dos Carajás, a mountainous complex embedded in the Amazonian phytogeographic domain in the southeastern state of Pará, 
<collectingCountry box="[1383,1451,554,580]" name="Brazil" pageId="26">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Cavalcanti, T. B. &amp; Facco, M. G. &amp; Brauner, L. M." box="[144,404,590,616]" pageId="26" pagination="1411 - 1415" refId="ref52861" refString="Cavalcanti, T. B., Facco, M. G. &amp; Brauner, L. M. (2016) Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajas, Para, Brasil: Lythraceae. Rodriguesia 67 (5): 1411 - 1415. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 2175 - 7860201667539" type="journal article" year="2016">
Cavalcanti 
<emphasis box="[275,335,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="26">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Viana, P. L. &amp; Mota, N. F. de &amp; Gil, A. dos &amp; Salino, A. &amp; Zappi, D. C. &amp; Harley, R. M. &amp; Ilkiu-Borges, A. L. &amp; Secco, R. de &amp; Almeida, T. E. &amp; Watanabe, M. T. C. &amp; Santos, J. U. M. dos &amp; Trovo, M. &amp; Maurity, C. &amp; Giulietti, A. M." box="[418,624,590,616]" pageId="26" pagination="1107 - 1124" refId="ref58170" refString="Viana, P. L., Mota, N. F. de O., Gil, A. dos S. B., Salino, A., Zappi, D. C., Harley, R. M., Ilkiu-Borges, A. L., Secco, R. de S., Almeida, T. E., Watanabe, M. T. C., Santos, J. U. M. dos, Trovo, M., Maurity, C. &amp; Giulietti, A. M. (2016) Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajas, Para, Brasil: historia, area de estudos e metodologia. Rodriguesia 67: 1107 - 1124. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 2175 - 7860201667501" type="journal article" year="2016">
Viana 
<emphasis box="[493,553,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="26">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Recently, a population with carmine flowers (
<figureCitation box="[1176,1257,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[136,229,1618,1640]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,194,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[208,1376,193,1594]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. A–H. Cuphea bahiensis. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Detail of the bracteose raceme; D. Flower in frontal view; E. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; F. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; G. Pistil; H. Seed. I–O. Cuphea carajasensis. I–J. Bracteose racemes, with lilac (I) and carmine (J) flowers; K. Narrow-ovate leaves; L. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; M. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; N. Pistil; O. Seed.A–G: Facco et al. 483; H: Cavalcanti et al. 366; K–O: Viana et al. 5568. Scale bar. B, F: 4 mm; E, G, L–N: 2 mm; H, O: 1 mm; K: 6 mm. Photos. I–J: Pedro Viana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751606/files/figure.png" pageId="26">Fig. 8J</figureCitation>
) was discovered in Serra Arqueada (southwestern Carajás) that contrasts with the typical lilac to purple flowers (
<figureCitation box="[1245,1325,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[136,229,1618,1640]" captionTargetBox="[210,1375,194,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[208,1376,193,1594]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. A–H. Cuphea bahiensis. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Detail of the bracteose raceme; D. Flower in frontal view; E. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; F. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; G. Pistil; H. Seed. I–O. Cuphea carajasensis. I–J. Bracteose racemes, with lilac (I) and carmine (J) flowers; K. Narrow-ovate leaves; L. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; M. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; N. Pistil; O. Seed.A–G: Facco et al. 483; H: Cavalcanti et al. 366; K–O: Viana et al. 5568. Scale bar. B, F: 4 mm; E, G, L–N: 2 mm; H, O: 1 mm; K: 6 mm. Photos. I–J: Pedro Viana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751606/files/figure.png" pageId="26">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
), however, according to molecular data (Cavalcanti, pers. comm.), it is only a phenotypic variation of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="26">
Among the species of 
<emphasis box="[448,467,699,725]" italics="true" pageId="26">C</emphasis>
. sect. 
<taxonomicName box="[543,678,699,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Balsamona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSection" subSection="Trispermum">
<emphasis box="[543,678,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="26">Trispermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1824" box="[736,857,698,725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[736,857,698,725]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName box="[915,1096,699,725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissa">
<emphasis box="[915,1096,699,725]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. praetermissa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName box="[136,309,735,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis box="[136,309,735,761]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, in these two species the inner surface of the floral tube is villous only behind the stamens, and the ovary is glabrous, rarely pilose. And in 
<taxonomicName box="[681,862,771,797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissa">
<emphasis box="[681,862,771,797]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. praetermissa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the leaves are 3–4(–5)-verticillate at midstem, with strongly revolute margin to the midvein. The geographical distribution is also distinct: 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1824" box="[1144,1265,806,833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[1144,1265,806,833]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs between 
<collectingCountry box="[136,251,842,868]" name="Venezuela" pageId="26">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry box="[306,419,842,868]" name="Colombia" pageId="26">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<taxonomicName box="[477,656,843,869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissa">
<emphasis box="[477,656,843,869]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. praetermissa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the “cerrados” of the states of 
<collectingRegion box="[1031,1139,842,868]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="26">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
and Maranh ã o, 
<collectingCountry box="[1321,1393,842,868]" name="Brazil" pageId="26">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[136,1452,158,1085]" pageId="26">
<bibRefCitation author="Lourteig, A." box="[189,368,878,904]" pageId="26" pagination="5 - 48" refId="ref56406" refString="Lourteig, A. (1987) Lythraceae Austroamericanae. Addenda et corrigenda II. Sellowia 39: 5 - 48." type="journal article" year="1987">
<taxonomicName box="[189,285,878,904]" genus="Lourteig" pageId="26" rank="genus">Lourteig</taxonomicName>
(1987)
</bibRefCitation>
placed 
<taxonomicName box="[458,632,879,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis box="[458,632,879,905]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<emphasis box="[670,689,879,905]" italics="true" pageId="26">C</emphasis>
. sect. 
<taxonomicName box="[762,1095,878,904]" genus="Euandra" pageId="26" rank="subSection" subSection="Platypterus">
<emphasis box="[762,860,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="26">Euandra</emphasis>
subsect. 
<emphasis box="[966,1095,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="26">Platypterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Koehne, E." box="[1103,1330,878,904]" pageId="26" pagination="136 - 176" refId="ref55803" refString="Koehne, E. (1881) Lythraceae monographice describuntur. VI. Cuphea. Subg. II. Eucuphea. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 2: 136 - 176." type="journal article" year="1881">Koehne (1881: 147)</bibRefCitation>
due to the presence of a horizontal nectary and seeds with a “slight border”, characters uncommon to the typical definition of 
<emphasis box="[1426,1445,915,941]" italics="true" pageId="26">C</emphasis>
. sect. 
<taxonomicName box="[194,329,951,976]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Balsamona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSection" subSection="Trispermum">
<emphasis box="[194,329,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="26">Trispermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Analysis of pollen grains of this species revealed that the exine is thickened in the region between the pores (
<bibRefCitation author="Facco, M. G. &amp; Cavalcanti, T. B. &amp; Santos, L. T. V. dos &amp; Mendonca, C. B. F. &amp; Goncalves-Esteves, V." box="[259,469,986,1012]" pageId="26" pagination="225 - 234" refId="ref53450" refString="Facco, M. G., Cavalcanti, T. B., Santos, L. T. V. dos, Mendonca, C. B. F. &amp; Goncalves-Esteves, V. (2021) Pollen morphology of Cuphea P. Browne section Trispermum Koehne (Lythraceae): implications for the new section circumscription. Palynology 45 (2): 225 - 234. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01916122.2020.1788660" type="journal article" year="2021">
Facco 
<emphasis box="[339,398,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="26">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
), a strong synapomorphy of the section (
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, S. A. &amp; Freudenstein, J. V. &amp; Luker, M." box="[948,1181,986,1012]" pageId="26" pagination="764 - 778" refId="ref54565" refString="Graham, S. A., Freudenstein, J. V. &amp; Luker, M. (2006) A Phylogenetic Study of Cuphea (Lythraceae) Based on Morphology and Nuclear rDNA ITS Sequences. Systematic Botany 31 (4): 764 - 778. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364406779696004" type="journal article" year="2006">
Graham 
<emphasis box="[1050,1110,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="26">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
). In ongoing molecular analyses, 
<taxonomicName box="[244,416,1023,1049]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis box="[244,416,1023,1049]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appeared in the “ 
<taxonomicName box="[611,746,1023,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Balsamona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSection" subSection="Trispermum">
<emphasis box="[611,746,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="26">Trispermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade” (Cavalcanti, pers. comm.). Based on this morphological and molecular evidence, 
<taxonomicName box="[416,589,1059,1085]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carajasensis">
<emphasis box="[416,589,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="26">C. carajasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was transferred here to 
<emphasis box="[858,877,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="26">C</emphasis>
. sect. 
<taxonomicName box="[949,1084,1059,1084]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Balsamona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSection" subSection="Trispermum">
<emphasis box="[949,1084,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="26">Trispermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>