plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/A8/4F/87/A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF.xml

1007 lines
122 KiB
XML
Raw Normal View History

added A8
2024-06-21 12:46:59 +02:00
<document id="AD5DD80A9ACCB8E7E59D326020434A3D" ID-CLB-Dataset="24723" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4704.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4bc9a2a0-5eb7-4a14-aa2a-013ccd6ca4b1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563576" ID-ZooBank="0AF043C6-38E4-4546-A7FB-C43BAC5A9837" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575538080228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Smith, David G., Bogorodsky, Sergey V., Mal, Ahmad O. &amp; Alpermann, Tilman J." docDate="2019" docId="A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4704.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4704 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gymnothorax pharaonis Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="5476FFC4FF816927FFCDFF93FFC2FFDC" masterDocTitle="Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1698772232398" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="1E0FB37DD71C03E30B9CE3556EDD6877" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E8EC6C9946B7874A0DBBA3CD7B5363AC">
<mods:title id="1E1380DB6A751532F003D0E219AF3C5C">Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0D54401BF8ADD3AC89E56D5DD9E7D932" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B81ABA9B28345A34D85A7BC6BC788831">
<mods:roleTerm id="104C7FFDDF814606EF6E7C6208A80C32">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4A4C642D8CB7BDC7D8E5433D69B5933F">Smith, David G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="715F4F8B96774725EAEEEEBB176D408F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3F21B7F3A8A0434AC72CA3641614CB18">
<mods:roleTerm id="EFD7C0679B6C61473F82D5D88885100B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6EC92578569757D6D3645822A6F35EA8">Bogorodsky, Sergey V.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BEEA0CBCDD6E421C55A313D22BBAB144" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F57485E2A4020D478FEE569FEF20FD68">
<mods:roleTerm id="754E0C3A68D17F29668ADB77FA044361">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5B5F9FB811AC803913E946358EC40BB8">Mal, Ahmad O.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="35131CD775AA7D9491309C6886F18F56" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2BC452DA9163E9E325D561EBEB87DD59">
<mods:roleTerm id="C8D4F84D5DD01E4E65D96430DCC5EFD6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="579105CB65891ED39B51EB76B5E6C710">Alpermann, Tilman J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B3432F653F3E0FA9B53CFD65D84550E3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="00FD2D37479A7B945AE398B3B0BB1866" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="6E0143FD4FFAE546B03755CD593C7804">
<mods:title id="8CE906BF7AA48033ACE2A4B4AFFF4E93">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="54CC9ADC28635775A51EF483DCB90622">
<mods:date id="171EE00EAEB79BABC8656D4603BB118B">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FA04BE3E88FC4AECE79A892455F5E402" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A6538328DA41E835C94EC5FEC42DCC29">2019-12-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E17EAA3260A481EEB01CDD005AF50A69" type="volume">
<mods:number id="BD16A1056E6BD9787C6A69CEB423F08A">4704</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="DEB51BAE184717CBFFE6AF49F9E0D6E2" type="issue">
<mods:number id="2477536D8B5B1DA4AEA23415AE8B397F">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="93431B71690327CDD6A54552CC075E29" unit="page">
<mods:start id="0D9B0F1C1976326BEC410A40D4327A2D">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CAB73DA541BC408046A2B7C11B9D6D38">87</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="E7129F21EC8F6EE0DD4C9EDFEEBECCCA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B0BA4F4781298469348645D7313029F8" type="CLB-Dataset">24723</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="83090289560E8339ABF0774EBDD43185" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4704.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1E8C6A4C89549918CFB237AF1DC48498" type="GBIF-Dataset">4bc9a2a0-5eb7-4a14-aa2a-013ccd6ca4b1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6B50454DCB06AF782209DCD7237CEE89" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7CD0A997F18DC5A1102A188896B2EA89" type="Zenodo-Dep">3563576</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8034AD81834831F86AB0A25A64AE422E" type="ZooBank">0AF043C6-38E4-4546-A7FB-C43BAC5A9837</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7314704" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160630833" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7314704" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFA9690FFF5AFB97FCC1FBC3" box="[151,771,1028,1055]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690FFF5AFB97FCC1FBC3" blockId="40.[151,771,1028,1091]" box="[151,771,1028,1055]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<heading id="7B1181C6FFA9690FFF5AFB97FCC1FBC3" bold="true" box="[151,771,1028,1055]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF5AFB97FCC1FBC3" bold="true" box="[151,771,1028,1055]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFA9690FFF5AFB97FE02FBC3" authority="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann, 2019" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,448,1028,1055]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF5AFB97FE02FBC3" bold="true" box="[151,448,1028,1055]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gymnothorax pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09A157C3FFA9690FFE05FB96FDC5FBC3" box="[456,519,1029,1055]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
—Pharaoh’s
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FFA9690FFD63FB96FCC1FBC3" box="[686,771,1029,1055]" country="United Kingdom" name="Moray" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Moray</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFA9690FFF5AFBBAFE89FB9F" box="[151,331,1064,1091]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690FFF5AFBBAFE89FB9F" blockId="40.[151,771,1028,1091]" box="[151,331,1064,1091]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
(
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFA9690FFF52FBBAFE81FB9F" box="[159,323,1064,1091]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 25" captionStart-1="FIGURE 26" captionStart-2="FIGURE 27" captionStart-3="FIGURE 28" captionStart-4="FIGURE 29" captionStartId-0="41.[151,250,1691,1716]" captionStartId-1="42.[151,250,1990,2015]" captionStartId-2="43.[151,250,1934,1959]" captionStartId-3="44.[151,250,1632,1657]" captionStartId-4="45.[151,250,1199,1224]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1432,1037,1656]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1427,1023,1959]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,949,1914]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,174,1613]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetId-0="figure@41.[151,1435,1021,1671]" captionTargetId-1="figure@42.[151,1435,1019,1969]" captionTargetId-2="figure@43.[151,1436,949,1914]" captionTargetId-3="figure@44.[151,1436,174,1613]" captionTargetId-4="figure@45.[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetPageId-0="41" captionTargetPageId-1="42" captionTargetPageId-2="43" captionTargetPageId-3="44" captionTargetPageId-4="45" captionText-0="FIGURE 25. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., drawing of the head showing cephalic sensory system. Drawing by D.G. Smith." captionText-1="FIGURE 26. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., drawing of the dentition. A: male; B: female. Drawing by D.G. Smith." captionText-2="FIGURE 27. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., SMF 35814 [KAU13-614], holotype, 322 mm TL, Yabua I., Al Khoraybah, Saudi Arabia. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky." captionText-3="FIGURE 28. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp. A: KAUMM 400 [KAU12-1059], paratype, 225 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia; B: Ras Abu Galum, Egypt. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." captionText-4="FIGURE 29. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., juveniles. A: SMF 33617, 49 mm TL, Al Wajh, Rykhah Is, Saudi Arabia; B: SMF 33618, 78 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563626" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563630" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563632" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563634" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563636" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3563626/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3563630/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3563632/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3563634/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3563636/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figures 25–29</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFA9690FFF5AFBFEFBD8FB1F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690FFF5AFBFEFD34FB59" blockId="40.[151,1050,1132,1219]" box="[151,758,1132,1157]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FFA9690FFF5AFBFEFD34FB59" box="[151,758,1132,1157]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
?
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFA9690FFF6FFBFDFD89FB59" ID-CoL="7XD4K" authority=": Klunzinger 1871: 615" authorityName=": Klunzinger" authorityPageNumber="615" authorityYear="1871" box="[162,587,1132,1157]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulata">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF6FFBFDFEA2FB59" box="[162,352,1133,1157]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Muraena undulata</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFFA9690FFEA0FBFFFD89FB59" author="Klunzinger, C. B." box="[365,587,1132,1157]" page="615" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1871">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFFA9690FFEA0FBFFFD89FB59" author="Klunzinger, C. B." box="[365,587,1132,1157]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="441 - 688" refId="ref53847" refString="Klunzinger, C. B. (1871) Synopsis der Fische des Rothen Meeres. II. Theil. Verhandlungen der K. - K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 21, 441 - 688. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1148" type="journal article" year="1871">Klunzinger 1871: 615</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Quseir,
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA9690FFD64FBFEFD28FB59" box="[681,746,1133,1157]" name="Egypt" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Egypt</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690FFF5AFB1FFC3CFB78" blockId="40.[151,1050,1132,1219]" box="[151,1022,1163,1188]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FFA9690FFF5AFB1FFC3CFB78" box="[151,1022,1163,1188]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
?
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFA9690FFF6FFB1FFE5AFB78" ID-CoL="3HVDS" authority="Fowler &amp; Steinitz 1956" authorityName="Fowler &amp; Steinitz" authorityYear="1956" box="[162,408,1164,1188]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meleagris">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF6FFB1FFE5AFB78" box="[162,408,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gymnothorax meleagris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(non Shaw &amp; Nodder):
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFFA9690FFD43FB18FC6DFB78" author="Fowler, H. W. &amp; Steinitz, H." box="[654,943,1163,1188]" page="270" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="1956">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFFA9690FFD43FB18FC6DFB78" author="Fowler, H. W. &amp; Steinitz, H." box="[654,943,1163,1188]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref52896" refString="Fowler, H. W. &amp; Steinitz, H. (1956) Fishes from Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel and Oman. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, 5 B (3 - 4), 260 - 292." type="journal article" year="1956">Fowler &amp; Steinitz 1956: 270</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Eilat).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690FFF5AFB39FBD8FB1F" blockId="40.[151,1050,1132,1219]" box="[151,1050,1194,1219]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFA9690FFF5AFB39FE4FFB1E" ID-CoL="6L7MG" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[151,397,1194,1218]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF5AFB39FE4FFB1E" box="[151,397,1194,1218]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gymnothorax undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(non Lacepède):
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFFA9690FFDF2FB39FCEEFB1F" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D." box="[575,812,1194,1219]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="849 - 880" refId="ref54991" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D. (1995) Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 56 (3), 849 - 880." type="journal article" year="1995">Randall &amp; Golani 1995</bibRefCitation>
(in part, Pl. 1F,
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFA9690FFC1DFB39FBCFFB1F" box="[976,1037,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1866,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,820,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,820,1847]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Enchelycore schismatorhynchus. A: USNM 312174, 514 mm TL, preserved, Cargados Carajos Shoals; B: BPBM 23335, 502 mm TL, fresh specimen, Taiwan. Photos by D.G. Smith (A), J.E. Randall (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563588" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563588/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFA9690EFF5AFB62FE4AFE08" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690FFF5AFB62FB61FAF3" blockId="40.[151,1437,1264,2012]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFF5AFB62FB61FAF3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587846" collectingDate="2013-06-23" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="S. V. Bogorodsky." country="Saudi Arabia" county="Yabua Island" elevation="15" latitude="27.790182" location="Red Sea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.129997" municipality="Al Khoraybah" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAU13-614" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF5AFB62FEC6FAD7" bold="true" box="[151,260,1265,1291]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FFA9690FFF5AFB62FEC6FAD7" box="[151,260,1265,1291]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFFA9690FFED8FB62FE8FFAD7" box="[277,333,1265,1291]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">SMF</collectionCode>
35814 [
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFE61FB63FDFCFAD7" box="[428,574,1264,1291]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAU13-614</specimenCode>
] (322),
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFD56FB62FD3FFAD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFD56FB62FD3FFAD7" box="[667,765,1265,1291]" country="Saudi Arabia" county="Yabua Island" latitude="27.790182" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.129997" municipality="Al Khoraybah" name="Red Sea" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Red Sea</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA9690FFCC6FB62FC63FAD7" box="[779,929,1265,1291]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFC63FB62FB90FAD7" box="[942,1106,1265,1291]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Khoraybah</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="C9384E26FFA9690FFB92FB62FB34FAD7" box="[1119,1270,1265,1291]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Yabua Island</collectingCounty>
, isolated coral block on slope,
<geoCoordinate id="45D2506DFFA9690FFE84FA86FE3CFAF3" box="[329,510,1301,1327]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" seconds="24.66" value="27.790182">27°47’24.66” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="45D2506DFFA9690FFDC7FA87FD7EFAF3" box="[522,700,1300,1327]" degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" seconds="48.00" value="35.129997">35°07’48.00’’ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFD1CFA86FCF4FAF3" box="[721,822,1301,1327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFD1CFA86FCF4FAF3" box="[721,822,1301,1327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFC8FFA86FC16FAF3" box="[834,980,1301,1327]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2013-06-23">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFC8FFA86FC16FAF3" box="[834,980,1301,1327]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2013-06-23">23 Jun. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFC12FA86FB61FAF3" box="[991,1187,1301,1327]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S.V. Bogorodsky.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690FFF0AFAAAFA9EF86B" blockId="40.[151,1437,1264,2012]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFF0AFAAAFF30FAAB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587803" collectingDate="1986-11-11" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="Randall" country="Israel" county="Gulf of Aqaba" elevation="7" location="North Beach" municipality="Eilat" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="BPBM 31848" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF0AFAAAFE4DFA8F" bold="true" box="[199,399,1336,1363]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FFA9690FFF0AFAAAFE83FA8F" box="[199,321,1337,1363]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFE81FAABFE4DFA8F" bold="true" box="[332,399,1336,1363]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA9690FFE81FAABFE4DFA8F" box="[332,399,1336,1363]" name="Israel" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Israel</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFE50FAAAFDF5FA8F" box="[413,567,1337,1363]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">BPBM 31848</specimenCode>
(1, 475),
<collectingCounty id="C9384E26FFA9690FFD6EFAAAFC87FA8F" box="[675,837,1337,1363]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gulf of Aqaba</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFC82FAAAFC45FA8F" box="[847,903,1337,1363]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Eilat</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFC5CFAAAFBE0FA8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFC5CFAAAFBE0FA8F" box="[913,1058,1337,1363]" country="Israel" county="Gulf of Aqaba" municipality="Eilat" name="North Beach" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">North Beach</location>
, mooring,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFB54FAAAFB07FA8F" box="[1177,1221,1337,1363]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="7.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFB54FAAAFB07FA8F" box="[1177,1221,1337,1363]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFB1DFAAAFAAAFA8F" box="[1232,1384,1337,1363]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1986-11-11">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFB1DFAAAFAAAFA8F" box="[1232,1384,1337,1363]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1986-11-11">11 Nov. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
, J.E.
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFF5AFACEFF30FAAB" box="[151,242,1373,1399]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Randall</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFF36FACEFE43FA47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587801" collectingDate="1974-09-21" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="Randall &amp; Levy" country="Egypt" elevation="15" location="Sharm-el-Moya" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="BPBM 18265" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shamal Sina'" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF36FACEFEFCFAAB" bold="true" box="[251,318,1373,1399]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA9690FFF36FACEFEFCFAAB" box="[251,318,1373,1399]" name="Egypt" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Egypt</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFE81FACEFE27FAAB" box="[332,485,1372,1399]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">BPBM 18265</specimenCode>
(2, 270–284), S end of
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FFA9690FFD25FACEFC55FAAB" box="[744,919,1373,1399]" country="Egypt" name="Shamal Sina'" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sinai Peninsula</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFC6CFACEFB97FAAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFC6CFACEFB97FAAB" box="[929,1109,1373,1399]" country="Egypt" name="Sharm-el-Moya" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Shamal Sina'">Sharm-el-Moya</location>
, reef,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFB5AFACFFB13FAAB" box="[1175,1233,1372,1399]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="15.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFB5AFACFFB13FAAB" box="[1175,1233,1372,1399]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFB11FACEFAAAFAAB" box="[1244,1384,1373,1399]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1974-09-21">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFB11FACEFAAAFAAB" box="[1244,1384,1373,1399]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1974-09-21">21 Sep 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
, J.E.
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFF5AFA12FF2CFA47" box="[151,238,1409,1435]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Randall</collectorName>
and A.
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFE89FA12FE43FA47" box="[324,385,1409,1435]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Levy</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFE41FA12FE63FA63" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587891" collectingDate="1975-10-26" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="Ras Muhammad, S &amp; Randall" country="Egypt" elevation="5" location="Sinai Peninsula" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="BPBM 19805" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shamal Sina'" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFE41FA12FDE4FA47" box="[396,550,1408,1435]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">BPBM 19805</specimenCode>
(1, 331),
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFD5EFA12FCAAFA47" box="[659,872,1409,1435]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ras Muhammad, S</collectorName>
tip of
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FFA9690FFC7DFA12FBA2FA47" box="[944,1120,1409,1435]" country="Egypt" name="Shamal Sina'" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sinai Peninsula</collectingRegion>
, reef front in
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFB3BFA12FAFDFA47" box="[1270,1343,1409,1435]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFB3BFA12FAFDFA47" box="[1270,1343,1409,1435]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFA87FA12FF10FA63" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1975-10-26">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFA87FA12FF10FA63" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1975-10-26">26 Oct. 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
, J.E.
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFEDDFA36FEA5FA63" box="[272,359,1445,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Randall</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFEA2FA35FE63FA63" box="[367,417,1445,1471]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFE75FA36FA55FA63" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587861" box="[440,1431,1444,1471]" collectingDate="1976-08-03" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="A. Ben-Tuvia" country="Egypt" location="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="BPBM 20825" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFE75FA36FD96FA63" box="[440,596,1444,1471]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">BPBM 20825</specimenCode>
(1, 277),
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFD09FA36FCABFA63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFD09FA36FCABFA63" box="[708,873,1445,1471]" country="Egypt" name="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gulf of Aqaba</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="31EB2F88FFA9690FFCB8FA36FB94FA63" box="[885,1110,1445,1471]" location="Nuweiba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFCB8FA36FC6DFA63" box="[885,943,1445,1471]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
S of Nuweiba
</locationDeviation>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFBADFA36FB3FFA63" box="[1120,1277,1445,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">A. Ben-Tuvia</collectorName>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFAC4FA36FA55FA63" box="[1289,1431,1445,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1976-08-03">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFAC4FA36FA55FA63" box="[1289,1431,1445,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1976-08-03">3 Aug. 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFF5AFA5AFF0AF9DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587829" collectingDate="1969-07-16" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="El Himeira &amp; V. G. Springer" country="Egypt" elevation="9" location="Bay" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 262775" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFF5AFA5AFE81FA3F" box="[151,323,1480,1507]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 262775</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFE98FA5AFE09FA3F" box="[341,459,1480,1507]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.305" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1305.0">1, 305 mm</quantity>
TL), NW coast
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFDB2FA5AFCE3FA3F" box="[639,801,1481,1507]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gulf of Aqaba</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFCE1FA5AFC9BFA3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFCE1FA5AFC9BFA3F" box="[812,857,1481,1507]" country="Egypt" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" name="Bay" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Bay</location>
at
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFCB7FA5AFC3BFA3F" box="[890,1017,1481,1507]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">El Himeira</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFBCEFA5AFB98FA3F" box="[1027,1114,1481,1507]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="18.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="0.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFBCEFA5AFB98FA3F" box="[1027,1114,1481,1507]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="18.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="0.0">0–18 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFBA8FA5AFB3AFA3F" box="[1125,1272,1481,1507]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-16">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFBA8FA5AFB3AFA3F" box="[1125,1272,1481,1507]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-16">16 July 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFACFFA5AFA5EFA3F" box="[1282,1436,1481,1507]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">V.G. Springer</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF5AFA7DFF0AF9DB" box="[151,200,1517,1543]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFF13FA7EFDE4F9F7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587849" collectingDate="1969-07-15" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="NW Coast &amp; V. G. Springer" country="Egypt" county="Gulf of Aqaba" elevation="2" location="El Himeira" municipality="Bay Between Marsa Mokrakh" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 312604" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFF13FA7EFE48F9DB" box="[222,394,1517,1543]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 312604</specimenCode>
(6, 133–380),
<collectingCounty id="C9384E26FFA9690FFDFDFA7EFD11F9DB" box="[560,723,1517,1543]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gulf of Aqaba</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFD13FA7EFBEDF9DB" box="[734,1071,1517,1543]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Bay Between Marsa Mokrakh</collectingMunicipality>
and
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFBABFA7EFB26F9DB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFBABFA7EFB26F9DB" box="[1126,1252,1517,1543]" country="Egypt" county="Gulf of Aqaba" municipality="Bay Between Marsa Mokrakh" name="El Himeira" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">El Himeira</location>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFB22FA7EFAA5F9DB" box="[1263,1383,1517,1543]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">NW Coast</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFABFFA7EFF6DF9F7" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFABFFA7EFF6DF9F7" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.0">0–3 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFF77F983FE8EF9F7" box="[186,332,1552,1579]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-15">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFF77F983FE8EF9F7" box="[186,332,1552,1579]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-15">15 July 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFE9BF982FE2DF9F7" box="[342,495,1553,1579]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">V.G. Springer</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFE38F981FDE4F9F7" box="[501,550,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFDF7F982FE69F993" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587780" collectingDate="1969-07-21" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="V. G. Springer" country="Egypt" elevation="12" location="Ras Burqa" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 312605" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFDF7F982FD24F9F7" box="[570,742,1552,1579]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 312605</specimenCode>
(4, 187–228), NW
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFC70F982FB9CF9F7" box="[957,1118,1553,1579]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gulf of Aqaba</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFBA4F982FB22F9F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFBA4F982FB22F9F7" box="[1129,1248,1553,1579]" country="Egypt" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" name="Ras Burqa" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ras Burqa</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFB27F983FA83F9F7" box="[1258,1345,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="12.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="9.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFB27F983FA83F9F7" box="[1258,1345,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="12.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="9.0">9–15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFA86F982FF10F993" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-21">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFA86F982FF10F993" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-21">21 July 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFF11F9A6FEB7F993" box="[220,373,1589,1615]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">V.G. Springer</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFEB6F9A5FE69F993" box="[379,427,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFE0DF9A6FD9AF9AF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587799" collectingDate="1969-09-26" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Springer" country="Egypt" elevation="5" location="Ras Muhammad" municipality="Strait of Jubal" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 312609" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shamal Sina'" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFE0DF9A6FDA9F993" box="[448,619,1589,1615]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 312609</specimenCode>
(3, 303–419),
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFCC3F9A6FC6BF993" box="[782,937,1589,1615]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Strait of Jubal</collectingMunicipality>
S end of
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FFA9690FFBDCF9A6FB7CF993" box="[1041,1214,1589,1615]" country="Egypt" name="Shamal Sina'" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sinai Peninsula</collectingRegion>
at
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFB13F9A6FA5AF993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFB13F9A6FA5AF993" box="[1246,1432,1589,1615]" country="Egypt" municipality="Strait of Jubal" name="Ras Muhammad" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Shamal Sina'">Ras Muhammad</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFF5AF9CAFF22F9AF" box="[151,224,1625,1651]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="4.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="0.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFF5AF9CAFF22F9AF" box="[151,224,1625,1651]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="4.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="0.0">0–9 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFF21F9CAFEB9F9AF" box="[236,379,1625,1651]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-09-26">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFF21F9CAFEB9F9AF" box="[236,379,1625,1651]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-09-26">26 Sep 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
, V.G.
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFE72F9CAFDDDF9AF" box="[447,543,1625,1651]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Springer</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFDEAF9C9FD9AF9AF" box="[551,600,1625,1651]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFDA0F9CAFC8AF94B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587863" collectingDate="1969-07-29" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Springer" country="Egypt" elevation="1" location="Marsa Muqabila" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 405385" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFDA0F9CAFCDBF9AF" box="[621,793,1624,1651]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 405385</specimenCode>
(4, 233–260), NW coast of
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFB9EF9CAFB34F9AF" box="[1107,1270,1625,1651]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gulf of Aqaba</collectingMunicipality>
, reef near road at
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFF7EF9EEFEADF94B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFF7EF9EEFEADF94B" box="[179,367,1661,1687]" country="Egypt" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" name="Marsa Muqabila" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Marsa Muqabila</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFEB6F9EEFE07F94B" box="[379,453,1661,1687]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFEB6F9EEFE07F94B" box="[379,453,1661,1687]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFE1FF9EEFDAAF94B" box="[466,616,1661,1687]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-29">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFE1FF9EEFDAAF94B" box="[466,616,1661,1687]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1969-07-29">29 July 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
, V.G.
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFD63F9EEFCCCF94B" box="[686,782,1661,1687]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Springer</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFCDBF9EDFC8AF94B" box="[790,840,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFC92F9EEFA81F94B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587787" box="[863,1347,1660,1687]" collectingDate="1969-07-29" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Springer" country="Egypt" elevation="1" location="Marsa Muqabila" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 410185" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFC92F9EEFBCEF94B" box="[863,1036,1660,1687]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 410185</specimenCode>
(7, 123–227), same data as
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFA86F9EEFF2DF967" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587783" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 312604" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFA86F9EEFF2DF967" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 312604</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFF34F932FD12F967" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587895" box="[249,720,1697,1723]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 410188" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFF34F932FE61F967" box="[249,419,1697,1723]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 410188</specimenCode>
(4, 223–299), same data as
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFD1BF932FC46F967" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587890" box="[726,900,1696,1723]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 262775" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFD1BF932FC46F967" box="[726,900,1696,1723]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 262775</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFC43F932FD0EF903" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587824" collectingDate="2011-11-25" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="S. V. Bogorodsky" country="Egypt" county="Gulf of Aqaba" elevation="18" location="Lighthouse" municipality="Dahab" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="USNM 410628" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFC43F932FBFAF967" box="[910,1080,1697,1723]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">USNM 410628</specimenCode>
(1, 310),
<collectingCounty id="C9384E26FFA9690FFB6FF932FA80F967" box="[1186,1346,1697,1723]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gulf of Aqaba</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFA81F932FA5AF967" box="[1356,1432,1697,1723]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Dahab</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFF5AF956FEDAF903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFF5AF956FEDAF903" box="[151,280,1733,1759]" country="Egypt" county="Gulf of Aqaba" municipality="Dahab" name="Lighthouse" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lighthouse</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFEEEF956FE9FF903" box="[291,349,1733,1759]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="18.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFEEEF956FE9FF903" box="[291,349,1733,1759]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFEA4F957FDC0F903" box="[361,514,1732,1759]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2011-11-25">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFEA4F957FDC0F903" box="[361,514,1732,1759]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2011-11-25">25 Nov. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFDC1F956FD0EF903" box="[524,716,1733,1759]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFD1BF957FD87F8DF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587826" collectingDate="1975-10-09" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="Randall" country="Sudan" location="1 mile N of Port Sudan" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="BPBM 19733" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFD1BF957FCE3F903" bold="true" box="[726,801,1732,1759]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA9690FFD1BF957FCE3F903" box="[726,801,1732,1759]" name="Sudan" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sudan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFCE2F956FC0BF903" box="[815,969,1733,1759]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">BPBM 19733</specimenCode>
(1, 156),
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFBFBF956FAF8F903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFBFBF956FAF8F903" box="[1078,1338,1733,1759]" country="Sudan" name="1 mile N of Port Sudan" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFBFBF956FBBFF903" box="[1078,1149,1733,1759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mile</quantity>
N of Port Sudan
</location>
, reef flat in 0.5–1.0 m,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFEFCF97AFE6DF8DF" box="[305,431,1768,1795]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1975-10-09">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFEFCF97AFE6DF8DF" box="[305,431,1768,1795]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1975-10-09">9 Oct 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
, J.E.
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFE27F97AFD87F8DF" box="[490,581,1769,1795]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Randall</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFD83F97BFDEEF8FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587818" collectingDate="2012-03-08" collectionCode="KAUMM, KAU" collectorName="T. J. Alpermann &amp; S. V. Bogorodsky" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAUMM 400, KAU12-1059" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFD83F97BFD27F8DF" bold="true" box="[590,741,1768,1795]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA9690FFD83F97BFD27F8DF" box="[590,741,1768,1795]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFD39F97AFC51F8DF" box="[756,915,1769,1795]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAUMM 400</specimenCode>
[
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFC6DF97BFBFDF8DF" box="[928,1087,1768,1795]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAU12-1059</specimenCode>
] (1, 225),
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFB7DF97AFAC1F8DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFB7DF97AFAC1F8DF" box="[1200,1283,1769,1795]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Lith</location>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFAC3F97AFA5AF8DF" box="[1294,1432,1769,1795]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-03-08">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFAC3F97AFA5AF8DF" box="[1294,1432,1769,1795]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-03-08">8 Mar. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFF5AF89EFE86F8FB" box="[151,324,1805,1831]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T.J. Alpermann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFEA4F89EFDEEF8FB" box="[361,556,1805,1831]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFDF5F89EFD8EF897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587844" collectingDate="2013-06-13" collectionCode="KAUMM, KAU" country="Saudi Arabia" elevation="10" location="Al Wajh" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAUMM 401, KAU13-286" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFDF5F89EFD1AF8FB" box="[568,728,1805,1831]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAUMM 401</specimenCode>
[
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFD2AF89FFCBAF8FB" box="[743,888,1804,1831]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAU13-286</specimenCode>
] (1, 145),
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFC3DF89FFBFAF8FB" box="[1008,1080,1804,1831]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
south of
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFB6FF89EFAC1F8FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFB6FF89EFAC1F8FB" box="[1186,1283,1805,1831]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Wajh" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Wajh</location>
, fringing reef of seaward reef,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFE99F8A2FE69F897" box="[340,427,1841,1867]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFE99F8A2FE69F897" box="[340,427,1841,1867]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8–12 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFE75F8A2FD8EF897" box="[440,588,1841,1867]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2013-06-13">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFE75F8A2FD8EF897" box="[440,588,1841,1867]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2013-06-13">13 Jun. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFD94F8A2FAC9F897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587893" box="[601,1291,1840,1867]" collectingDate="2013-06-23" collectionCode="KAUMM, KAU" collectorName="S. V. Bogorodsky." country="Saudi Arabia" county="Yabua Island" elevation="15" latitude="27.790182" location="Red Sea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.129997" municipality="Al Khoraybah" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAUMM 402, KAU13-615" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFD94F8A2FD3BF897" box="[601,761,1841,1867]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAUMM 402</specimenCode>
[
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFCCAF8A3FC5AF897" box="[775,920,1840,1867]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAU13-615</specimenCode>
] (1, 224), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFADAF8A2FCFAF8B3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587842" collectingDate="2011-04-10" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="S. V. Bogorodsky" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Rykhah Is" municipality="Al Wajh" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFFA9690FFADAF8A2FA8DF897" box="[1303,1359,1841,1867]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">SMF</collectionCode>
33617 (1, 49),
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA9690FFF23F8C6FE8CF8B3" box="[238,334,1877,1903]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Wajh</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFE94F8C6FE09F8B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFE94F8C6FE09F8B3" box="[345,459,1877,1903]" country="Saudi Arabia" municipality="Al Wajh" name="Rykhah Is" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Rykhah Is</location>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFE15F8C6FDA9F8B3" box="[472,619,1877,1903]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2011-04-10">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFE15F8C6FDA9F8B3" box="[472,619,1877,1903]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2011-04-10">10 Apr. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFDBBF8C6FCFAF8B3" box="[630,824,1877,1903]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFC8FF8C6FE7EF84F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587833" collectingDate="2011-03-30" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="T. J. Alpermann &amp; S. V. Bogorodsky" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFFA9690FFC8FF8C6FCB8F8B3" box="[834,890,1877,1903]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">SMF</collectionCode>
33618 (1, 78),
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFBE8F8C6FBBBF8B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFBE8F8C6FBBBF8B3" box="[1061,1145,1877,1903]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Lith</location>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFB49F8C6FADEF8B3" box="[1156,1308,1877,1903]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2011-03-30">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFB49F8C6FADEF8B3" box="[1156,1308,1877,1903]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2011-03-30">30 Mar. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFAEBF8C6FF17F84F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T.J. Alpermann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFF37F8EAFE7EF84F" box="[250,444,1913,1939]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFE0AF8EAFEE6F86B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587814" collectingDate="2012-03-07" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="T. J. Alpermann &amp; S. V. Bogorodsky" country="Saudi Arabia" elevation="9" location="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAU12-1028" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFFA9690FFE0AF8EAFE3DF84F" box="[455,511,1913,1939]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">SMF</collectionCode>
35815 [
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFD96F8EBFD38F84F" box="[603,762,1912,1939]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAU12-1028</specimenCode>
] (1, 182),
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFCA3F8EAFC00F84F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFCA3F8EAFC00F84F" box="[878,962,1913,1939]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Lith</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA9690FFC03F8EAFC39F84F" box="[974,1019,1913,1939]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="9.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA9690FFC03F8EAFC39F84F" box="[974,1019,1913,1939]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFBCAF8EAFB51F84F" box="[1031,1171,1913,1939]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-03-07">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFBCAF8EAFB51F84F" box="[1031,1171,1913,1939]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-03-07">7 Mar. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFB53F8EAFA88F84F" box="[1182,1354,1913,1939]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T.J. Alpermann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFAA3F8EAFEE6F86B" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFEE2F80EFA9AF86B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587852" box="[303,1368,1948,1975]" collectingDate="2012-03-08" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="T. J. Alpermann &amp; S. V. Bogorodsky" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAU12-1060" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFFA9690FFEE2F80EFEA5F86B" box="[303,359,1949,1975]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">SMF</collectionCode>
35816 [
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFE0CF80FFDA3F86B" box="[449,609,1948,1975]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAU12-1060</specimenCode>
] (1, 208),
<location id="25396071FFA9690FFD19F80EFCEAF86B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690FFD19F80EFCEAF86B" box="[724,808,1949,1975]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Lith</location>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA9690FFCFEF80EFC7CF86B" box="[819,958,1949,1975]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-03-08">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA9690FFCFEF80EFC7CF86B" box="[819,958,1949,1975]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-03-08">8 Mar. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFC04F80EFBB6F86B" box="[969,1140,1949,1975]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T.J. Alpermann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA9690FFB55F80EFA9AF86B" box="[1176,1368,1949,1975]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA9690EFF0AF852FE4AFE08" blockId="40.[151,1437,1264,2012]" lastBlockId="41.[151,1437,152,1007]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA9690FFF0AF852FE61F807" bold="true" box="[199,419,1984,2011]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Non-type material</emphasis>
(detailed counts and measurements not taken).
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690FFC0BF852FBA5F807" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587821" box="[966,1127,1985,2011]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAUMM 403" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFC0BF852FBA5F807" box="[966,1127,1985,2011]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAUMM 403</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA9690EFBBDF853FCAFFF6F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587816" collectingDate="2014-11-16" collectionCode="KAU" collectorName="T. J. Alpermann &amp; S. V. Bogorodsky" elevation="7" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" location="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="KAU14-818" specimenCount="1">
[
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA9690FFBBAF853FACAF807" box="[1143,1288,1984,2011]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">KAU14-818</specimenCode>
] (1, 125),
<location id="25396071FFA9690EFA4DF852FF0AFF6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA9690EFA4DF852FF0AFF6F" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" name="Al Lith" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Al Lith</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA8690EFF1BFF0AFEE3FF6F" box="[214,289,153,179]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA8690EFF1BFF0AFEE3FF6F" box="[214,289,153,179]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA8690EFEE3FF0AFE0AFF6F" box="[302,456,153,179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2014-11-16">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA8690EFEE3FF0AFE0AFF6F" box="[302,456,153,179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2014-11-16">16 Nov 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFE19FF0AFD43FF6F" box="[468,641,153,179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T.J. Alpermann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFD64FF0AFCAFFF6F" box="[681,877,153,179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFCB7FF0AFBD9FF6F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587758" box="[890,1051,153,179]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="KAUMM 404" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFCB7FF0AFBD9FF6F" box="[890,1051,153,179]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">KAUMM 404</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFBE9FF0BFCFEFF0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587763" collectingDate="2014-11-19" collectionCode="KAU" collectorName="T. J. Alpermann &amp; S. V. Bogorodsky" elevation="9" location="Al Lith" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="KAU14-1011" specimenCount="1">
[
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFBE6FF0BFB0BFF6F" box="[1067,1225,152,179]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">KAU14-1011</specimenCode>
] (1, 246),
<location id="25396071FFA8690EFA8FFF0AFA55FF6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA8690EFA8FFF0AFA55FF6F" box="[1346,1431,153,179]" name="Al Lith" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Al Lith</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA8690EFF5AFF2EFF32FF0B" box="[151,240,189,215]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA8690EFF5AFF2EFF32FF0B" box="[151,240,189,215]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA8690EFF33FF2EFE55FF0B" box="[254,407,189,215]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2014-11-19">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA8690EFF33FF2EFE55FF0B" box="[254,407,189,215]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2014-11-19">19 Nov 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFE6EFF2EFD92FF0B" box="[419,592,189,215]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T.J. Alpermann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFDB5FF2EFCFEFF0B" box="[632,828,189,215]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFC84FF2EFC12FF0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587762" box="[841,976,188,215]" collectionCode="SMF" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFFA8690EFC84FF2EFC43FF0B" box="[841,897,189,215]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">SMF</collectionCode>
35817
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFC14FF2FFD12FF27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587897" collectingDate="2014-11-18" collectionCode="KAU" collectorName="T. J. Alpermann &amp; S. V. Bogorodsky" elevation="8" location="Al Lith" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="KAU14-928" specimenCount="1">
[
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFC12FF2FFBB2FF0B" box="[991,1136,188,215]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">KAU14-928</specimenCode>
] (1, 213),
<location id="25396071FFA8690EFB24FF2EFAFDFF0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA8690EFB24FF2EFAFDFF0B" box="[1257,1343,189,215]" name="Al Lith" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Al Lith</location>
,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFA8690EFA80FF2EFA55FF0B" box="[1357,1431,189,215]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">
<elevation id="ABCBD199FFA8690EFA80FF2EFA55FF0B" box="[1357,1431,189,215]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA8690EFF5AFF72FEF0FF27" box="[151,306,225,251]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2014-11-18">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA8690EFF5AFF72FEF0FF27" box="[151,306,225,251]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2014-11-18">18 Nov. 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFEF0FF72FE2BFF27" box="[317,489,225,251]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T.J. Alpermann</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFDC0FF72FD12FF27" box="[525,720,225,251]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S.V. Bogorodsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFD16FF72FBD6FF20" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587817" box="[731,1044,225,252]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 312606" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFD16FF72FC45FF27" box="[731,903,225,251]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 312606</specimenCode>
(4, 62–140)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFBEDFF72FD6FFEC3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587776" collectingDate="1969-07-21" collectorName="NW Coast" country="Egypt" location="Gulf of Aqaba" municipality="Mile North of Ras Burqa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA8690EFBEDFF72FBA4FF27" box="[1056,1126,225,251]" name="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFBBCFF72FB2BFF27" box="[1137,1257,225,251]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">NW Coast</collectorName>
,
<location id="25396071FFA8690EFB39FF72FA5AFF27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA8690EFB39FF72FA5AFF27" box="[1268,1432,225,251]" country="Egypt" municipality="Mile North of Ras Burqa" name="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Gulf of Aqaba</location>
, about 1
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA8690EFF3FFE96FDCFFEC3" box="[242,525,261,287]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mile North of Ras Burqa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA8690EFDD4FE96FD6FFEC3" box="[537,685,261,287]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1969-07-21">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA8690EFDD4FE96FD6FFEC3" box="[537,685,261,287]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1969-07-21">21 July 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFD74FE96FBC2FEFC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587798" box="[697,1024,261,288]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 312607" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFD74FE96FCA7FEC3" box="[697,869,261,287]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 312607</specimenCode>
(12, 49–160)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFBC1FE96FD2BFE9F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587712" collectingDate="1969-07-23" collectorName="NW Coast &amp; V. G. Springer" country="Egypt" location="Ras Burqa" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA8690EFBC1FE96FB90FEC3" box="[1036,1106,261,287]" name="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Egypt</collectingCountry>
, just N of
<location id="25396071FFA8690EFB0BFE96FAFDFEC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA8690EFB0BFE96FAFDFEC3" box="[1222,1343,261,287]" country="Egypt" municipality="Gulf of Aqaba" name="Ras Burqa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ras Burqa</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA8690EFA87FE96FF21FE9F" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Gulf of Aqaba</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFF23FEBAFEA5FE9F" box="[238,359,297,323]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">NW Coast</collectorName>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA8690EFEBCFEBAFDC7FE9F" box="[369,517,297,323]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1969-07-23">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA8690EFEBCFEBAFDC7FE9F" box="[369,517,297,323]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1969-07-23">23 July 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFDDDFEBAFD73FE9F" box="[528,689,297,323]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">V. G. Springer</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA8690EFD75FEB9FD2BFE9F" box="[696,745,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFD32FEBAFBEBFE98" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587930" box="[767,1065,297,324]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 313223" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFD32FEBAFC69FE9F" box="[767,939,297,323]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 313223</specimenCode>
(9, 64–96)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFBF8FEBAFD41FEBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587769" collectingDate="1969-09-08" collectorName="El Himeira &amp; V. G. Springer" country="Egypt" location="Gulf of Aqaba" municipality="Bay" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFA8690EFBF8FEBAFBB9FE9F" box="[1077,1147,297,323]" name="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="25396071FFA8690EFB4BFEBAFAEBFE9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFFA9690AFF5AFB97FC93FDBF:25396071FFA8690EFB4BFEBAFAEBFE9F" box="[1158,1321,297,323]" country="Egypt" municipality="Bay" name="Gulf of Aqaba" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Gulf of Aqaba</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FFA8690EFAF9FEBAFAA3FE9F" box="[1332,1377,297,323]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Bay</collectingMunicipality>
at
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFA4EFEBAFF34FEBB" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">El Himeira</collectorName>
,
<date id="5458106AFFA8690EFECEFEDEFE54FEBB" box="[259,406,333,359]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1969-09-08">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FFA8690EFECEFEDEFE54FEBB" box="[259,406,333,359]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1969-09-08">8 Sept. 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFFA8690EFE6FFEDEFD85FEBB" box="[418,583,333,359]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">V. G. Springer</collectorName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA8690EFD9DFEDDFD41FEBB" box="[592,643,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFD57FEDEFC24FEBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587795" box="[666,998,332,359]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 410183" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFD57FEDEFC8AFEBB" box="[666,840,333,359]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 410183</specimenCode>
(28, 50–192)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFC3EFEDEFB46FEBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587782" box="[1011,1156,333,359]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">same data as</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFB40FEDEFAFDFEBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587810" box="[1165,1343,332,359]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 262775" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFB40FEDEFAFDFEBB" box="[1165,1343,332,359]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 262775</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFA86FEDEFE48FE57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587862" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 410184" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFA86FEDEFF29FE57" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 410184</specimenCode>
(14, 56–265)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFE5AFEE2FDEBFE57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587831" box="[407,553,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">same data as</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFDFFFEE2FD26FE57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587777" box="[562,740,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 312604" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFDFFFEE2FD26FE57" box="[562,740,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 312604</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFD3CFEE2FBFCFE57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587822" box="[753,1086,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 410186" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFD3CFEE2FC5DFE57" box="[753,927,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 410186</specimenCode>
(17, 77–280)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFB86FEE2FB1FFE57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587909" box="[1099,1245,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">same data as</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFB2BFEE2FA5AFE57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587819" box="[1254,1432,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 312609" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFB2BFEE2FA5AFE57" box="[1254,1432,369,395]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 312609</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFF5AFE06FE1DFE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587779" box="[151,479,404,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 410187" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFF5AFE06FE86FE73" box="[151,324,405,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 410187</specimenCode>
(28, 75–225)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFE26FE06FDB8FE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587788" box="[491,634,405,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">same data as</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFD4CFE06FCF0FE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587836" box="[641,818,404,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 405385" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFD4CFE06FCF0FE73" box="[641,818,404,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 405385</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFCF0FE06FB8FFE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587850" box="[829,1101,405,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 410189" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFCF0FE06FC28FE73" box="[829,1002,405,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 410189</specimenCode>
(1, 227)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFB94FE06FB2AFE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587786" box="[1113,1256,405,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1">same data as</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FFA8690EFB3DFE06FA5EFE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587800" box="[1264,1436,404,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="USNM 262775" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FFA8690EFB3DFE06FA5EFE73" box="[1264,1436,404,431]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">USNM 262775</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
(cleared and stained).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFA8690EFF0AFD03FC6FFC83" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA8690EFF0AFD03FC6FFC83" blockId="41.[151,1437,152,1007]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA8690EFF0AFD03FE80FD77" bold="true" box="[199,322,656,683]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Small to medium-size moray with slender head and jaws. Teeth sharp, slender, and smooth; intermaxillary teeth in one peripheral and one medial series; maxillary teeth in two rows, an outer row of 14–20 small teeth, and an inner row of 0–6 large, depressible teeth; dentary teeth in one row, with two large fixed teeth at anterior end, followed by a single row of 15–20 small teeth, and one large, depressible tooth just behind the large anterior teeth. Color brown with irregular dendritic pale markings, not interconnected or chain-like; oblique, conspicuous, parallel streaks present in dorsal fin (on tail). Total vertebrae 123–128.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFA8690CFF0AFCFBFD81FCC4" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA8690EFF0AFCFBFB9BFC33" blockId="41.[151,1437,152,1007]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA8690EFF0AFCFBFE93FC5F" bold="true" box="[199,337,872,899]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Description</emphasis>
(data for the
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FFA8690EFE3BFCFAFD9AFC5F" box="[502,600,873,899]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
first, for
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FFA8690EFD01FCFAFCF5FC5F" box="[716,823,873,899]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in parentheses). In TL: preanal length 2.3 (2.2–2.4), predorsal length 9.0 (7.7–10), head length 7.8 (7.0–8.4), body depth at gill opening 19 (15–28), depth at anus 23 (17–28). In head length: snout length 5.2 (4.9–7.1), eye diameter 8.7 (7.6–11), upper-jaw length 2.3 (2.3–3.1). Predorsal vertebrae 8 (5–8), preanal vertebrae 48 (47–50), total vertebrae 125 (123–128).
</paragraph>
<caption id="74996622FFA8690EFF5AF908FA50F968" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563626" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563626" box="[151,1426,1691,1716]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563626/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[151,250,1691,1716]" targetBox="[156,1432,1037,1656]" targetPageId="41">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA8690EFF5AF908FA50F968" blockId="41.[151,1426,1691,1716]" box="[151,1426,1691,1716]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA8690EFF5AF908FEE2F968" bold="true" box="[151,288,1691,1716]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFA8690EFEEBF90FFDDDF968" authority="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann, 2019" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[294,543,1692,1716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA8690EFEEBF90FFDDDF968" box="[294,543,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Gymnothorax pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFA8690EFDE8F90FFD9CF968" bold="true" box="[549,606,1692,1716]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09A157C3FFA8690EFDE8F90FFD9CF968" box="[549,606,1692,1716]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, drawing of the head showing cephalic sensory system. Drawing by D.G. Smith.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFA8690EFF0AF971FDFBF825" blockId="41.[151,1437,1762,2041]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A small to medium-sized moray eel, moderately elongate, with the anus slightly anterior to midlength. Dorsal and anal fins continuous with caudal fin, anal fin beginning immediately behind anus, dorsal fin beginning anterior to gill opening. Jaws and snout moderately slender, edges usually straight, concealing teeth when closed, but sometimes slightly arched in larger specimens; upper and lower jaws nearly equal in length. Gill opening small and pore-like, on side of head slightly below lateral midline. Anterior nostril tubular, relatively long, reaching slightly beyond edge of lip when depressed. Posterior nostril a broadly oval opening, without a conspicuous raised rim, above anterior part of eye, at a point where a horizontal line drawn from dorsal edge of eye would meet a vertical line drawn from anterior edge of eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAB690DFF0AFF0AFB74FE73" blockId="42.[151,1437,153,1007]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Lateral line with two small, inconspicuous pores at anterior end of canal, approximately under dorsal-fin origin; second pore closer to first pore than to gill opening (
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAB690DFD20FF2EFC80FF0B" box="[749,834,188,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1691,1716]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,1037,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1435,1021,1671]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 25. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., drawing of the head showing cephalic sensory system. Drawing by D.G. Smith." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563626/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
). Preoperculo-mandibular canal with six pores, all of them along lower jaw: the first and smallest located at the anterior tip of jaw, the second below and behind that, the remaining four pores extending in a line posteriorly to a point slightly anterior to rictus. Infraorbital canal with four pores: the first slightly below and behind base of anterior nostril, the second about a third of the way to eye, the third just anterior to eye, and the fourth under posterior margin of eye. Supraorbital series with three pores: the first and smallest at tip of snout just above edge of lip, the second slightly above anterior edge of base of anterior nostril, the third on top of snout directly above second infraorbital pore. No pores in supratemporal canal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAB690DFF0AFE2AFC29FD2F" blockId="42.[151,1437,153,1007]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Teeth slender, sharp, and smooth, without any serrations (
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAB690DFC99FE2AFC6BFE08" box="[852,937,441,468]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1990,2015]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,1023,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1435,1019,1969]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 26. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., drawing of the dentition. A: male; B: female. Drawing by D.G. Smith." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563630" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563630/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
). Intermaxillary teeth large, conical, sharply pointed; peripheral series with about 8–14 teeth, the anteriormost teeth smallest, increasing in size posteriorly; two or three median teeth, long, extremely sharp and depressible. Maxillary teeth in one or two rows: the inner row with 0–6 long, sharp, widely separated, depressible teeth at anterior end, the outer row with about 13–20 much smaller, fixed, triangular, recurved teeth, smallest at anterior end of row, increasing in size posteriorly to a point approximately under eye, then decreasing in size again posteriorly. Lower jaw with two large, fixed teeth at anterior end, followed by approximately 15–25 much smaller, triangular, recurved teeth; directly behind the two large anterior teeth is an even larger, depressible tooth just inside the row of smaller teeth. Approximately 3–9 very small vomerine teeth, in a single row, partly hidden in the folds of skin in roof of mouth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAB690DFF0AFD6EFBB3FC33" blockId="42.[151,1437,153,1007]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAB690DFF0AFD6EFECAFCCB" box="[199,264,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Color</emphasis>
: in adults, ground color medium to dark brown with irregular, dendritic, pale markings, variable in size and form (
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAB690DFEDDFCB2FEACFCE7" box="[272,366,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1934,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,949,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,949,1914]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 27. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., SMF 35814 [KAU13-614], holotype, 322 mm TL, Yabua I., Al Khoraybah, Saudi Arabia. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563632/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs. 27</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAB690DFE5BFCB2FE74FCE7" box="[406,438,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1632,1657]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1613]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,174,1613]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 28. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp. A: KAUMM 400 [KAU12-1059], paratype, 225 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia; B: Ras Abu Galum, Egypt. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563634/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">28</figureCitation>
). The most common form is short, broadly linear, vermicular lines or spots, sometimes expanded into snowflake-like blotches, but not interconnected or reticulated. On tail, the spots often line up to form oblique streaks extending onto dorsal fin. Markings sometimes become smaller and more closely spaced anteriorly. Fins with a narrow white edge, but this often not conspicuous. Grooves on throat as dark streaks. An inconspicuous pale stripe usually present on dorsal midline of snout. Corner of mouth dark. Posterior nostril and pores usually edged in dark brown. Juveniles uniform brown with lower jaw and throat pale (
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAB690DFBDDFC46FBA6FC33" box="[1040,1124,981,1007]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1199,1224]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., juveniles. A: SMF 33617, 49 mm TL, Al Wajh, Rykhah Is, Saudi Arabia; B: SMF 33618, 78 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563636/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="74996622FFAB690DFF5AF855FAF1F803" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563630" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563630" box="[151,1331,1990,2015]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563630/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[151,250,1990,2015]" targetBox="[161,1427,1023,1959]" targetPageId="42">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAB690DFF5AF855FAF1F803" blockId="42.[151,1331,1990,2015]" box="[151,1331,1990,2015]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAB690DFF5AF855FEE2F803" bold="true" box="[151,288,1990,2015]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAB690DFEEBF854FDDDF803" authority="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann, 2019" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[294,543,1991,2015]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAB690DFEEBF854FDDDF803" box="[294,543,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Gymnothorax pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAB690DFDE8F854FD9CF803" bold="true" box="[549,606,1991,2015]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09A157C3FFAB690DFDE8F854FD9CF803" box="[549,606,1991,2015]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, drawing of the dentition.
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAB690DFCA6F855FCBFF803" bold="true" box="[875,893,1990,2015]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
: male;
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAB690DFC07F854FC19F803" bold="true" box="[970,987,1991,2015]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
: female. Drawing by D.G. Smith.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAA690CFF0AFF0BFC44FEB4" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFF0AFF0BFE09FF6F" bold="true" box="[199,459,152,179]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Size and development</emphasis>
. This is a relatively small species, the largest specimen examined was
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFB28FF0BFA80FF6F" box="[1253,1346,152,179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="475.0">475 mm</quantity>
TL, but only one other specimen was greater than
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFDA5FF2EFD01FF0B" box="[616,707,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 mm</quantity>
and only three over
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFC68FF2EFBC1FF0B" box="[933,1027,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
. Females with large eggs were found in specimens as small as
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFE7DFF72FDD2FF27" box="[432,528,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="223.0">223 mm</quantity>
. Males appear to mature at larger sizes than females; two that were clearly males were among the largest specimens examined, 299 and
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFD31FE96FC9EFEC3" box="[764,860,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1899999999999995" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="419.0">419 mm</quantity>
. Females were measured at 380, 325, and
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFAF5FE97FA5BFEC3" box="[1336,1433,260,287]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="305.0">305 mm</quantity>
. There is some evidence of sexual dimorphism in dentition. The two males mentioned above lack the inner maxillary teeth; they also have fewer dentary teeth (14
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFD42FEDDFD64FEBB" box="[655,678,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFD79FEDEFCD5FEBB" box="[692,791,333,359]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" metricValueMax="6.604" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="22.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="18.0">18–26 in</quantity>
females).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAA690CFF0AFEE2FDA2FE2B" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Small juveniles of this species are uniform brown with a conspicuous white lower jaw (
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAA690CFB50FEE2FAC4FE57" box="[1181,1286,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1199,1224]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., juveniles. A: SMF 33617, 49 mm TL, Al Wajh, Rykhah Is, Saudi Arabia; B: SMF 33618, 78 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563636/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 29A</figureCitation>
). At about
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFA4DFEE3FF07FE73" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
, pale spots begin to develop behind the head. As the eel grows, the spots progress posteriorly and become larger and more conspicuous, eventually assuming the dendritic pattern characteristic of adults (
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAA690CFB46FE2AFB31FE0F" box="[1163,1267,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1199,1224]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1437,625,1180]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp., juveniles. A: SMF 33617, 49 mm TL, Al Wajh, Rykhah Is, Saudi Arabia; B: SMF 33618, 78 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563636/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 29B</figureCitation>
). With growth, the pale lower jaw becomes less distinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAA690CFF0AFD93FD81FCC4" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFF0AFD93FEFDFDC7" bold="true" box="[199,319,512,539]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Variation.</emphasis>
The specimens collected and examined were all brown with pale markings. The relative extent of pale and dark areas varies considerably among individuals, however. In most cases, the dark areas are more extensive, giving the fish a brown appearance, but occasionally the pale areas prevail. In such cases, the eel may appear pale with brown markings. In most specimens, the pale and dark markings are relatively large, but in others the markings are smaller and more scattered, giving a vermiculated appearance. In some specimens, the markings are larger posteriorly and smaller anteriorly. In larger specimens, the jaws can become arched, leaving the teeth visible when the mouth is closed. This approaches the condition seen in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAA690CFCB6FD4AFBC4FD2F" box="[891,1030,729,755]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Enchelycore" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFCB6FD4AFBC4FD2F" box="[891,1030,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Enchelycore</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the dentition of
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAA690CFB3AFD4AFA40FD2F" box="[1271,1410,729,755]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Enchelycore" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFB3AFD4AFA40FD2F" box="[1271,1410,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Enchelycore</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite different (
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFFAA690CFE88FD6EFDF4FCC4" author="Smith, D. G. &amp; Brokovich, E. &amp; Einbinder, S." box="[325,566,765,792]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="63 - 68" refId="ref55894" refString="Smith, D. G., Brokovich, E. &amp; Einbinder, S. (2008) Gymnothorax baranesi, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from the Red Sea. Zootaxa, 1678, 63 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1678.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">
Smith
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFE5DFD6DFE03FCCB" box="[400,449,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
. 2008: 68
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFAA690CFF0AFCB3FDBCFC7B" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAA690CFF0AFCB3FDBCFC7B" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFF0AFCB3FE2EFCE7" bold="true" box="[199,492,800,827]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
. Known from the Red Sea, where it is common in shallow water, but also collected by the second author from
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFAA690CFE07FCD6FDAEFC83" box="[458,620,837,863]" name="Socotra Island" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Socotra Island</collectingCountry>
outside the Gulf of Aden (
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFFAA690CFC50FCD6FBB3FC83" author="Zajonz, U. &amp; Lavergne, E. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. &amp; Saeed, F. N. &amp; Aideed, M. S. &amp; Krupp, F." box="[925,1137,837,863]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref56323" refString="Zajonz, U., Lavergne, E., Bogorodsky, S., Saeed, F. N., Aideed, M. S. &amp; Krupp, F. (2019) Coastal fish diversity of the Socotra Archipelago, Yemen. Zootaxa, 4636 (1), 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="2019">
Zajonz
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFC38FCD5FBE5FC83" box="[1013,1063,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
, listed as
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFB2FFCD6FB34FC83" box="[1250,1270,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G</emphasis>
. cf
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAA690CFAEEFCD6FEF0FC58" authority="Bleeker 1864" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1864" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chilospilus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFAEEFCD6FA5EFC83" box="[1315,1436,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">chilospilus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFFAA690CFF5AFCFAFEF0FC58" author="Bleeker, P." box="[151,306,873,900]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="38 - 54" refId="ref51885" refString="Bleeker, P. (1864) Poissons inedits indo-archipelagiques de l'ordre des Murenes. Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, 2, 38 - 54." type="journal article" year="1864">Bleeker 1864</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Typical habitats are crevices and shelters of fringing seaward reefs, observed from depths of
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAA690CFAA9FCFAFF72FC7B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="16.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="2.0">
2–
<specimenCount id="36E0FD23FFAA690CFA4DFCFAFF72FC7B" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="generic">30 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. May be seen out of shelter at night only.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="74996622FFAA690CFF5AF81DFE3EF817" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563632/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[151,250,1934,1959]" targetBox="[151,1436,949,1914]" targetPageId="43">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAA690CFF5AF81DFE3EF817" blockId="43.[151,1436,1934,1995]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFF5AF81DFEDDF87B" bold="true" box="[151,287,1934,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAA690CFEE8F81CFDDFF87B" authority="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann, 2019" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[293,541,1935,1959]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFEE8F81CFDDFF87B" box="[293,541,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Gymnothorax pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAA690CFDEEF81CFD99F87B" bold="true" box="[547,603,1935,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09A157C3FFAA690CFDEEF81CFD99F87B" box="[547,603,1935,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, SMF 35814 [KAU13-614], holotype, 322 mm TL, Yabua I., Al Khoraybah, Saudi Arabia. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="74996622FFAD690BFF5AF9F3FD6EF941" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563634" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563634/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" startId="44.[151,250,1632,1657]" targetBox="[151,1436,174,1613]" targetPageId="44">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAD690BFF5AF9F3FD6EF941" blockId="44.[151,1436,1632,1693]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFF5AF9F3FEDDF9A5" bold="true" box="[151,287,1632,1657]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFEE9F9F2FDDEF9A5" authority="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann, 2019" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[292,540,1633,1657]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFEE9F9F2FDDEF9A5" box="[292,540,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Gymnothorax pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFDEFF9F2FDB3F9A5" bold="true" box="[546,625,1632,1657]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09A157C3FFAD690BFDEFF9F2FD98F9A5" box="[546,602,1633,1657]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
: KAUMM 400 [KAU12-1059], paratype, 225 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia;
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFA49F9F2FA57F9A5" bold="true" box="[1412,1429,1633,1657]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B</emphasis>
: Ras Abu Galum, Egypt. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFAD690BFF0AF958FCFCF8D5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAD690BFF0AF958FCFCF8D5" blockId="44.[151,1436,1739,2017]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFF0AF958FE8AF939" bold="true" box="[199,328,1739,1765]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named for the pharaohs, the rulers of ancient
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFFAD690BFC9EF958FC5BF939" box="[851,921,1739,1765]" name="Egypt" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Egypt</collectingCountry>
, whose realm included the Red Sea. Referring also to the regal appearance of this handsomely marked fish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FFAD690AFF0AF880FC93FDBF" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="205936AAFFAD690AFF0AF880FC93FDBF" blockId="44.[151,1436,1739,2017]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1437,153,611]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFF0AF880FEF6F8F1" bold="true" box="[199,308,1811,1837]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Remarks</emphasis>
. This species has been confused with
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFD2FF880FC30F8F1" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[738,1010,1811,1837]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFD2FF880FC30F8F1" box="[738,1010,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Gymnothorax undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Like
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFBF1F880FB12F8F1" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[1084,1232,1811,1837]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFBF1F880FB12F8F1" box="[1084,1232,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFB13F880FAADF8F1" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1246,1391,1811,1837]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFB13F880FAADF8F1" box="[1246,1391,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has pale markings on a dark background, but in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFD4EF8A4FCD1F88D" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[643,787,1847,1873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFD4EF8A4FCD1F88D" box="[643,787,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the markings are generally interconnected in a reticulated or chain-like pattern, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFDC8F8C8FD5BF8A9" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[517,665,1883,1909]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFDC8F8C8FD5BF8A9" box="[517,665,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the markings are separate. At larger sizes,
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFBB9F8C8FAC6F8A9" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1140,1284,1883,1909]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFBB9F8C8FAC6F8A9" box="[1140,1284,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a distinct yellowish-green color on the head in life, which is never found in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFCB4F8ECFBCFF845" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[889,1037,1919,1945]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFCB4F8ECFBCFF845" box="[889,1037,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFBD6F8ECFAE8F845" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1051,1322,1919,1945]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFBD6F8ECFAE8F845" box="[1051,1322,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Gymnothorax undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a much larger species, growing to well over
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAD690BFDE2F830FD98F861" box="[559,602,1955,1981]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
in length. Mature
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFCE7F830FC7CF861" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[810,958,1955,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFCE7F830FC7CF861" box="[810,958,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be found at lengths less than
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAD690BFAF4F830FA5AF861" box="[1337,1432,1955,1981]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
, a size at which
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAD690BFE85F854FE1BF83D" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[328,473,1991,2017]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAD690BFE85F854FE1BF83D" box="[328,473,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G. undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is still immature. The two species also differ in the number of vertebrae,
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAD690BFAD1F854FA5EF83D" box="[1308,1436,1991,2017]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="3.2512" metricValueMin="3.0987999999999998" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="in" value="125.0" valueMax="128.0" valueMin="122.0">122–128 in</quantity>
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFF5AFF0AFE8FFF6F" box="[151,333,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFF5AFF0AFEECFF6F" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,302,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">G. pharaonis</taxonomicName>
vs
</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFFAC690AFE93FF0AFE1DFF6F" box="[350,479,153,179]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3528" metricValueMax="3.5052" metricValueMin="3.2004" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="in" value="132.0" valueMax="138.0" valueMin="126.0">126–138 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFE25FF0AFDB8FF6F" authorityName="sensu Randall &amp; Golani" authorityYear="1995" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[488,634,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFE25FF0AFDB8FF6F" box="[488,634,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. undulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFD46FF0AFC62FF6F" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[651,928,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFD46FF0AFC62FF6F" box="[651,928,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Gymnothorax pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also resembles
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFB95FF0AFB1CFF6F" authorityName="Smith, Brokovich &amp; Einbinder" authorityYear="2008" box="[1112,1246,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baranesi">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFB95FF0AFB1CFF6F" box="[1112,1246,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. baranesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in that species the pale markings on the body are more like snowflakes or rosettes. On the tail, the markings on
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFADAFF2EFA5EFF0B" authorityName="Smith, Brokovich &amp; Einbinder" authorityYear="2008" box="[1303,1436,189,215]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baranesi">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFADAFF2EFA5EFF0B" box="[1303,1436,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. baranesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in the form of discrete spots rather than the oblique streaks found in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFC0CFF72FB97FF27" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[961,1109,225,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFC0CFF72FB97FF27" box="[961,1109,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFB26FF72FAB2FF27" authorityName="Smith, Brokovich &amp; Einbinder" authorityYear="2008" box="[1259,1392,225,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baranesi">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFB26FF72FAB2FF27" box="[1259,1392,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. baranesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has more vertebrae, 137–142.
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFE70FE96FD0DFEC3" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[445,719,261,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFE70FE96FD0DFEC3" box="[445,719,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Gymnothorax pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most closely resembles and is closest genetically (
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAC690AFAC8FE96FA94FEC3" box="[1285,1366,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="74.[151,250,152,177]" captionTargetId="figure@73.[367,1221,179,1955]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 48. Unrooted maximum likelihood phylogeny of Indo-Pacific moray eels (Muraenidae) based on partial mitochondrial COI. Branch support values were obtained by 100 bootstrapped replicates; only bootstrap values above 50 percent are shown. The scale bar represents average number of nucleotide substitutions. (A) = specimen sequenced in this study; (B) = sequence retrieved from BOLD; (C) sequence retrieved from CRIOBE; (G) = sequence retrieved from GenBank; (R) = sequence retrieved from Reece et al. (2010); (ID) = species ID re-assigned herein; (ID-H) = specimen re-assigned as of Huang et al. (2019); (SAU) = collected in Saudi Arabia; (ISR) = collected in Israel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3615487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3615487/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
) to
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFA4CFE96FE75FE9F" authority="Bleeker" authorityName="Bleeker" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaritophorus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFA4CFE96FE97FE9F" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. margaritophorus</emphasis>
Bleeker
</taxonomicName>
, which is widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific but does not occur in the
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FFAC690AFACEFEBAFAA7FE9F" box="[1283,1381,297,323]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
. The latter is also a small species, brown with pale markings and a pale stripe on the top of the snout. It has horizontal dark streaks behind the eye, however, which are lacking in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFCE4FEE2FC7FFE57" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[809,957,369,395]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFCE4FEE2FC7FFE57" box="[809,957,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it has more vertebrae (127–134). Pale individuals (e. g. from Dahab,
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAC690AFE22FE06FD90FE73" box="[495,594,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1632,1657]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1613]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,174,1613]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 28. Gymnothorax pharaonis n. sp. A: KAUMM 400 [KAU12-1059], paratype, 225 mm TL, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia; B: Ras Abu Galum, Egypt. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563634/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 28B</figureCitation>
) may be confused with
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFC92FE06FB98FE73" authority="Bleeker" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1864" box="[863,1114,405,431]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chilospilus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFC92FE06FC38FE73" box="[863,1018,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. chilospilus</emphasis>
Bleeker
</taxonomicName>
, but the latter species almost always has a distinctive pale spot at the corner of the lower jaw, which is lacking or not obvious in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFB13FE2AFAB0FE0F" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[1246,1394,441,467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFB13FE2AFAB0FE0F" box="[1246,1394,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As in
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFF79FE4EFEE5FE2B" authorityName=": Khalaf" authorityYear="2004" box="[180,295,477,503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFF79FE4EFEE5FE2B" box="[180,295,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. griseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFE93FE4EFDC3FE2B" baseAuthorityName="Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[350,513,477,503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thyrsoideus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFE93FE4EFDC3FE2B" box="[350,513,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. thyrsoideus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, no reciprocal monophyly has yet evolved in the species pair
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFB7BFE4EFA89FE2B" authorityName="Smith &amp; Bogorodsky &amp; Mal &amp; Alpermann" authorityYear="2019" box="[1206,1355,477,503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFB7BFE4EFA89FE2B" box="[1206,1355,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. pharaonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFA4CFE4EFE97FDC7" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaritophorus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFA4CFE4EFE97FDC7" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. margaritophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The closest relative to this pair of sibling species cannot be identified with high confidence from the present phylogeny, however, it is evident that the two species form part of a highly supported group of taxa to which another
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FFAC690AFEF3FDDAFE58FDBF" box="[318,410,585,611]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
species belongs,
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FFAC690AFD93FDDAFD22FDBF" box="[606,736,585,611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FFAC690AFD93FDDAFD22FDBF" box="[606,736,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. johnsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFFAC690AFD3DFDDAFC86FDBF" box="[752,836,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="74.[151,250,152,177]" captionTargetId="figure@73.[367,1221,179,1955]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 48. Unrooted maximum likelihood phylogeny of Indo-Pacific moray eels (Muraenidae) based on partial mitochondrial COI. Branch support values were obtained by 100 bootstrapped replicates; only bootstrap values above 50 percent are shown. The scale bar represents average number of nucleotide substitutions. (A) = specimen sequenced in this study; (B) = sequence retrieved from BOLD; (C) sequence retrieved from CRIOBE; (G) = sequence retrieved from GenBank; (R) = sequence retrieved from Reece et al. (2010); (ID) = species ID re-assigned herein; (ID-H) = specimen re-assigned as of Huang et al. (2019); (SAU) = collected in Saudi Arabia; (ISR) = collected in Israel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3615487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3615487/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue Copy permalink