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<document id="77E20E93D8D714E5935A3F7F48255AB1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3309.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="53c82f0b-6ddb-4a56-8940-5a3e53bc1dc6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="280992" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460480450742" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kuchta, Roman, Burianová, Alena, Jirkú, Miloslav, Chambrier, Alain, Oros, Mikuláš, Brabec, Jan &amp; Scholz, Tomáš" docDate="2012" docId="038A97030A23FFA0FF7D74DC07B5F94C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03309p035.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3309" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil 1971" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFB3EF7B0A26FFA7FFEA71340779FFF0" masterDocTitle="Bothriocephalidean tapeworms (Cestoda) of freshwater fish in Africa, including erection of Kirstenella n. gen. and description of Tetracampos martinae n. sp." masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698307587982" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="CE56ED74784C6F565D19BC7589E1BC0E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="5AE33F9C7DBEC930B90367564109DEB9">
<mods:title id="D5B5CF828256C0478E069A738C25848F">Bothriocephalidean tapeworms (Cestoda) of freshwater fish in Africa, including erection of Kirstenella n. gen. and description of Tetracampos martinae n. sp.</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="81BDA8D75019C89370D8D43AE6030B9D">Kuchta, Roman</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="86ECCB4267A52F761274D9F2EF9DACA8" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B9B43132F6982E444D50FDA04A06AA01">Burianová, Alena</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A5A61985D354E917F0CBD6BBD4C2E653" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B37AA17FD44BCED97C33A835EB53AEB8">Jirkú, Miloslav</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BE390AE1B732FD9D24DECBCCA47B4BA1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="86022CA61624B768D07516FB2D5DB450">
<mods:roleTerm id="C83554EBEC436A2CBD04EEB267B48684">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B06C9A2A7FF880B01137A60C6DAD8EDD">Chambrier, Alain</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FCE223318BF02C7E60ED7EE3514250DA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F73B0AA7B934A8E5DFA193ED4924105C">
<mods:roleTerm id="05D7B939DD198581EC5FE6A9FE862F3D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="430421B358E330E6A0361F720E40BFA9">Oros, Mikuláš</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="18A7A2AC0C4AAE526D722A8BD732C24C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="583D717F874A1B84AB05C0F65ED1A58E">
<mods:roleTerm id="A8445AB98AED6E201CEA18656C3F4165">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="696C543E73F09A39276D699BF96DB975">Brabec, Jan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="672ED5BDDD7325F060A2B90DC117658F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C0992C4CA51F083AA0745191FF971EBF">
<mods:roleTerm id="7777062F7D6893418513AD7773F4157F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FD21442465D614EF9EB41E574D92A3BD">Scholz, Tomáš</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E59CB5D1B482CA981AE46060FA7363C6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A2DAC70AD72FBED2D4DA6A0DB8F1334D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="CB344C2595A42AF0259735796758B01D">
<mods:title id="F7858B896A3FFFB0ABB9F4C04AD52A20">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B66D5B2878D44B0D88481F1D6E8BFCDF">
<mods:date id="6BA0A8A7C7604B4D3AF408BFCAE2C09C">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="33630B489F1F21B25D7B43809C44C99D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0B7D0EE967FA416EFB37DAF12FEAFA66">2012-05-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="944ABFACE37DE9BC27069A70F47003DB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B5BB9E1467B43445BF0BF034CB46CC95">3309</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="55698BB29D9E83250307AC8C6F43DEEF" unit="page">
<mods:start id="140970AF52236444BF36D0B743E66B7D">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B9EA52BE1BB151DF52F6DD0B0808A407">35</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="93445657F1EA1251C7B29263B618F12C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="7E83AB41581BDBA381C1E6FC531ACB51" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3309.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D7E1B5C3664BC95CD23D033E8CFFCD7F" type="GBIF-Dataset">53c82f0b-6ddb-4a56-8940-5a3e53bc1dc6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BEE8DE0CD029A598D6087716D01AEF46" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6BB64F9F042F80639B777CDDEABEB0E1" type="Zenodo-Dep">280992</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038A97030A23FFA0FF7D74DC07B5F94C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6174503" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119517164" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6174503" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A97030A23FFA0FF7D74DC07B5F94C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A97030A23FFA0FF7D74DC07B5F94C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA2FF7D74DC0501F9F2" box="[151,632,1512,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF7D74DC0501F9F2" blockId="5.[151,632,1512,1571]" box="[151,632,1512,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0D491790A23FFA2FF7D74DC0501F9F2" bold="true" box="[151,632,1512,1538]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A23FFA2FF7D74DC0501F9F2" authority="Khalil, 1971" authorityName="Khalil" authorityYear="1971" box="[151,632,1512,1538]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Ichthybothrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudophyllidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ichthybori">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF7D74DC0501F9F2" bold="true" box="[151,632,1512,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF7D74DC06A1F9F2" bold="true" box="[151,472,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ichthybothrium ichthybori</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A23FFA2FE0A74DC0501F9F2" author="Khalil, L. F." bookContentInfo="80 pp." box="[480,632,1512,1538]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref24591" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 a) Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England, 80 pp." title="Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish" type="book" year="1971">Khalil, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA2FF7D773F06FBF9D3" box="[151,386,1547,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF7D773F06FBF9D3" blockId="5.[151,632,1512,1571]" box="[151,386,1547,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
(
<figureCitation id="13183A900A23FFA2FF75773F065FF9D3" box="[159,294,1547,1571]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 3, 6, 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13183A900A23FFA2FED8773F0600F9D3" box="[306,377,1547,1571]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13, 14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA2FF7D7760022FF99A" box="[151,1366,1619,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF7D7760022FF99A" blockId="5.[151,1366,1619,1642]" box="[151,1366,1619,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Syns: “immature
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A23FFA2FEA277670696F999" ID-CoL="7NQYR" authority="Rudolphi, 1808" authorityName="Rudolphi" authorityYear="1808" box="[328,495,1619,1641]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Bothriocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bothriocephalidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FEA277670696F999" box="[328,495,1619,1641]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bothriocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A23FFA2FDF6776705A8F999" author="Woodland, W. N. F." box="[540,721,1619,1641]" firstAuthor="Woodland" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="931 - 937" part="106" refId="ref27746" refString="Woodland, W. N. F. (1936) Some cestodes from Sierra Leone. I. On Wenyonia longicauda sp. n. and Proteocephalus bivitellatus sp. n. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B, 106, 931 - 937." title="Some cestodes from Sierra Leone. I. On Wenyonia longicauda sp. n. and Proteocephalus bivitellatus sp" type="journal article" year="1936">Woodland (1936)</bibRefCitation>
; “unidentified ptychobothriid cestode” of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A23FFA2FB9177670387F999" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[1147,1278,1619,1641]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="143 - 170" part="158" refId="ref24560" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1969) Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of the Sudan. Journal of Zoology, 158, 143 - 170." title="Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of the Sudan" type="journal article" year="1969">Khalil (1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A23FFA2FAE277600233F99A" author="Khalil, L. F." bookContentInfo="80 pp." box="[1288,1354,1620,1642]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref24591" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 a) Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England, 80 pp." title="Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish" type="book" year="1971" yearSuffix="a">1971a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA2FF7D77A2037CF922" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF7D77A204B8F95E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2004]" box="[151,961,1686,1710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF7D77A20668F95E" bold="true" box="[151,273,1686,1710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="549898B70A23FFA2FF7D77A207A9F95E" box="[151,208,1686,1710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
host:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A23FFA2FEF177A2052BF95E" authority="Joannis" authorityName="Joannis" box="[283,594,1686,1710]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Distichodontidae" genus="Ichthyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="besse">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FEF177A2069DF95E" box="[283,484,1686,1710]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ichthyborus besse</emphasis>
(Joannis)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A23FFA2FD8A77A20472F95E" box="[608,779,1686,1710]" class="Actinopterygii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Characiformes</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A23FFA2FCFF77A204CFF95E" box="[789,950,1686,1710]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Citharinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ichthyboridae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF23778E037CF922" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2004]" box="[201,1029,1722,1747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF23778E06B0F923" bold="true" box="[201,457,1722,1747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Other definitive host:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A23FFA2FE3A778F04F9F922" authority="Pellegrin" authorityName="Pellegrin" box="[464,896,1722,1747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Distichodontidae" genus="Ichthyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FE3A778F0479F923" box="[464,768,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ichthyborus quadrilineatus</emphasis>
(Pellegrin)
</taxonomicName>
(new host).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA2FF2377D4045BF907" box="[201,802,1759,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF2377D4045BF907" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2004]" box="[201,802,1759,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF2377D40610F908" bold="true" box="[201,361,1759,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="549898B70A23FFA2FF2377D4067BF908" box="[201,258,1760,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
White Nile near Khartoum,
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A23FFA2FD4177EB0464F907" box="[683,797,1759,1783]" name="Sudan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA2FF237630062CF8B1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF237630062CF8B1" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF237630061CF8ED" bold="true" box="[201,357,1796,1821]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution:</emphasis>
Upper
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A23FFA2FE5376300573F8EC" box="[441,522,1796,1820]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Guinea</collectingCountry>
–
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A23FFA2FDCD763005C1F8EC" box="[551,696,1796,1820]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
(Moa River in Mano or Pujehun); Nile basin –
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A23FFA2FB3176300233F8EC" box="[1243,1354,1796,1820]" name="Sudan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
(Khartoum and Kostí).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA2FF23767A051EF87A" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF23767A051EF87A" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF23767A05F5F896" bold="true" box="[201,652,1869,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prevalence and intensity of infection:</emphasis>
Nile, Kostí,
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A23FFA2FCCB767A04ECF896" box="[801,917,1870,1894]" name="Sudan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
; 67%, n = 6, intensity 15–35 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A23FFA2FB1E767A02F7F896" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[1268,1422,1870,1894]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Helminthology" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="371 - 379" part="45" refId="ref24624" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 b) Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835). Journal of Helminthology, 45, 371 - 379." title="Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835)" type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">Khalil 1971b</bibRefCitation>
); 50%, n = 4, intensity 1–8 (present study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A23FFA1FF2376AC06BAFF09" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A23FFA2FF2376AC06E6F824" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A23FFA2FF2376AC0602F840" bold="true" box="[201,379,1943,1968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="549898B70A23FFA2FF2376AC067DF840" box="[201,260,1944,1968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
material:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4B2C480A23FFA2FE6E76A30366F85F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3743940332" box="[388,1055,1943,1967]" collectionCode="USNPC" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="USNPC 71666" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="549898B70A23FFA2FE6E76A30695F85F" box="[388,492,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
– incomplete worm on 2 slides (
<specimenCode id="DB858E6E0A23FFA2FC8076A3036EF85F" box="[874,1047,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNPC 71666</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
and
<materialsCitation id="3B4B2C480A23FFA2FBB376A306E2F824" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3743940305" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" typeStatus="paratype">
2
<typeStatus id="549898B70A23FFA2FB9A76AC03A2F840" box="[1136,1243,1944,1968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
– 3 worms on 3 slides (
<collectionCode id="ED32BED00A23FFA2FF0F76880638F824" box="[229,321,1980,2004]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNPC</collectionCode>
71667)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A20FFA1FF2371A306BAFF09" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FF2371A306E1FF40" bold="true" box="[201,408,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material studied:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="549898B70A20FFA1FE7571AC06AEFF40" box="[415,471,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
material (
<collectionCode id="ED32BED00A20FFA1FDAD71A305DAFF5F" box="[583,675,151,175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USNPC</collectionCode>
71666, 71667); vouchers:
<materialsCitation id="3B4B2C480A20FFA1FC3A71A304AFFF24" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3743940302" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
several slides collected by W.N.F. Woodland from
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FEE4718A06B3FF25" box="[270,458,189,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Distichodontidae" genus="Ichthyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FEE4718A066EFF25" box="[270,279,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FECD718906B3FF25" box="[295,458,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A20FFA1FE1B718805FBFF24" box="[497,642,188,212]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32BED00A20FFA1FD7871880591FF24" box="[658,744,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BMNH</collectionCode>
1977.3.28.147–179)
</materialsCitation>
; new material:
<materialsCitation id="3B4B2C480A20FFA1FB6C718806BAFF09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3743940325" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<specimenCount id="9D25ED9C0A20FFA1FB6C71880268FF24" box="[1158,1297,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
from Kostí,
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A20FFA1FF7D71D5067FFF09" box="[151,262,225,249]" name="Sudan" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32BED00A20FFA1FEFF71D5061FFF09" box="[277,358,225,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IPCAS</collectionCode>
C-455).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A20FFA1FF23703103F7FEEE" box="[201,1166,261,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A20FFA1FF23703103F7FEEE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,899]" box="[201,1166,261,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FF23703106D0FEEE" bold="true" box="[201,425,261,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Published records:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FE5A7032050EFEEE" author="Woodland, W. N. F." box="[432,631,262,286]" firstAuthor="Woodland" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="931 - 937" part="106" refId="ref27746" refString="Woodland, W. N. F. (1936) Some cestodes from Sierra Leone. I. On Wenyonia longicauda sp. n. and Proteocephalus bivitellatus sp. n. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B, 106, 931 - 937." title="Some cestodes from Sierra Leone. I. On Wenyonia longicauda sp. n. and Proteocephalus bivitellatus sp" type="journal article" year="1936">Woodland (1936)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FD697032046DFEEE" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[643,788,262,286]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="143 - 170" part="158" refId="ref24560" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1969) Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of the Sudan. Journal of Zoology, 158, 143 - 170." title="Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of the Sudan" type="journal article" year="1969">Khalil (1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FCF57032041FFEEE" author="Khalil, L. F." bookContentInfo="80 pp." box="[799,870,262,286]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref24591" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 a) Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England, 80 pp." title="Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish" type="book" year="1971" yearSuffix="a">1971a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FC98703204FAFEEE" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[882,899,262,286]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Helminthology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="371 - 379" part="45" refId="ref24624" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 b) Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835). Journal of Helminthology, 45, 371 - 379." title="Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835)" type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FC72703203F3FEEE" author="Kuchta, R. &amp; Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A." box="[920,1162,262,286]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kuchta" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="81 - 136" part="71" refId="ref24960" refString="Kuchta, R., Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A. (2008 b) Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera. Systematic Parasitology, 71, 81 - 136." title="Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
Kuchta
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FC0570330359FEEE" box="[1007,1056,262,286]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
. (2008b)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A20FFA0FF23701E059DFD1F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A20FFA1FF23701E0788FDEA" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FF23701E0600FEB3" bold="true" box="[201,377,298,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Re-description</emphasis>
(based on 3 mature and 6 immature worms from Kostí; measurements of
<typeStatus id="549898B70A20FFA1FB26701E0257FEB2" box="[1228,1326,298,322]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in brackets):
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FF3E707A06DDFE96" box="[212,420,334,358]" class="Cestoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bothriocephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Bothriocephalidea</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FE5E707A05FCFE96" box="[436,645,334,358]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bothriocephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Bothriocephalidae</taxonomicName>
. Strobila up to 10.0 [4.2] cm long; maximum width 3.7 [1.5] mm. External and internal segmentation weakly developed; segments variable in shape from wider than long to longer than wide, acraspedote (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A20FFA1FE4D70A20682FE5E" box="[423,507,406,430]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Two pairs of longitudinal osmoregulatory canals; dorsal canals narrow (diameter up to 10); ventral canals wide (diameter up to 15), connected by transverse anastomoses. Inner longitudinal musculature weakly developed, formed by few muscle fibres. Surface of strobila uniformly covered with capilliform filitriches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A20FFA1FF2373120363FD5A" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Scolex oval to lanceolate, much narrower than anterior part of strobila (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A20FFA1FBEA73120329FDCE" box="[1024,1104,550,574]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13183A900A20FFA1FBB573120304FDCE" box="[1119,1149,550,574]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13</figureCitation>
), 490–630 [495] long by 340–530 wide [413]. Apical disc absent. Bothria shallow, elongate, 240–360 [360] long by 140–200 [186] wide (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A20FFA1FF75735A079CFD76" box="[159,229,622,646]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Surface of scolex covered with capilliform filitriches; tumuliform globular structures not observed (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A20FFA1FA85735A07DEFD5A" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Neck absent, first segments appear immediately posterior to scolex (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A20FFA1FC5073A60374FD5A" box="[954,1037,658,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A20FFA1FF23738203A3FC72" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Strobila with immature segments very long, representing up to 93% [58%] of total length. Mature segments, i.e. with spermatozoa in vas deferens, of two markedly different forms (morphotypes): longer than wide (486–614 by 374–529) [749–1,187 by 564–700] with one genital complex per segment or much wider than long (315–557 by 3,370–3,745) with two or three genital complexes per segment; segment length/width ratio 1.08–1.09 [1.19–1.78] or 0.08–0.16 (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A20FFA1FEDE727206C4FCAE" box="[308,445,838,862]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 13, 14</figureCitation>
). Gravid segments longer than wide (736–831 by 374–523) [1,080–1,280] or wider than long (425–621 by 2,550–3,360); segment length/width ratio 1.59–1.96 [1.50–1.74] or 0.13–0.24.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C769D0A20FFA1FF7D76670673F815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A20FFA1FF7D76670673F815" blockId="6.[151,1437,1875,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FF7D7667062BF899" bold="true" box="[151,338,1875,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURES 12–14</emphasis>
. Line drawings.
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FE167660056CF899" bold="true" box="[508,533,1876,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">12</emphasis>
, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FF07764705B9F878" authority="Baer &amp; Fain, 1958" authorityName="Baer &amp; Fain" authorityYear="1958" box="[237,704,1906,1929]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Bothriocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bothriocephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FF0776470680F879" box="[237,505,1907,1929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bothriocephalus kivuensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FDEA764005B9F878" author="Baer, J. C. &amp; Fain, A." box="[512,704,1906,1929]" firstAuthor="Baer" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Royale Zoologique de Belgique" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="287 - 302" part="88" refId="ref22215" refString="Baer, J. C. &amp; Fain, A. (1958) Bothriocephalus (Clestobothrium) kivuensis n. sp., a cestode parasitic on a barbel of Lake Kivu. Annales de la Societe Royale Zoologique de Belgique, 88, 287 - 302." title="Bothriocephalus (Clestobothrium) kivuensis n. sp., a cestode parasitic on a barbel of Lake Kivu" type="journal article" year="1958">Baer &amp; Fain, 1958</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FD0C76400341F879" authority="Yamaguti, 1934" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1934" box="[742,1080,1906,1929]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Bothriocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bothriocephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="acheilognathi">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FD0C7640058CF879" box="[742,757,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FCE9764704F7F879" box="[771,910,1907,1929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">acheilognathi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FC7F76460341F879" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[917,1080,1906,1929]" firstAuthor="Yamaguti" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 112" part="6" refId="ref27837" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1934) Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 4. Cestodes of fishes. Japanese Journal of Zoology, 6, 1 - 112." title="Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 4. Cestodes of fishes" type="journal article" year="1934">Yamaguti, 1934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) ex
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FB8C7647026FF879" box="[1126,1302,1907,1929]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altianalis">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FB8C7647026FF879" box="[1126,1302,1907,1929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Barbus altianalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332).
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FD9676A605ECF857" bold="true" box="[636,661,1938,1959]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FD4976A605C5F857" bold="true" box="[675,700,1938,1959]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">14</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FD2076A50327F857" authority="Khalil, 1971" authorityName="Khalil" authorityYear="1971" box="[714,1118,1937,1959]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Ichthybothrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudophyllidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ichthybori">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FD2076A504AFF857" box="[714,982,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ichthybothrium ichthybori</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A20FFA1FC3476A50327F857" author="Khalil, L. F." bookContentInfo="80 pp." box="[990,1118,1937,1959]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref24591" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 a) Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England, 80 pp." title="Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish" type="book" year="1971">Khalil, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
ex
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A20FFA1FB6F76A50245F857" box="[1157,1340,1937,1959]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Distichodontidae" genus="Ichthyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="besse">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FB6F76A50245F857" box="[1157,1340,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ichthyborus besse</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Sudan (IPCAS C-455).
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FE63768406DBF835" bold="true" box="[393,418,1968,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13</emphasis>
, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment.
<emphasis id="B957FA070A20FFA1FBEF76840367F835" bold="true" box="[1029,1054,1968,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">14</emphasis>
, Mature segment with double genital complexes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A21FFA0FF2371AC06A3FE5C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Testes medullary, oval, 37–69 [48–57] in number per proglottid (110–120 testes in segments with duplicate or triplicate proglottides), 36–50 long by 22–43 wide [77–96 by 54–69], forming 2 narrow longitudinal bands (20–36 [22–29] testes per band), confluent between segments, absent medially and near lateral margins (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FB0971EB024EFF07" box="[1251,1335,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Cirrussac large, thin-walled (thickness of sac wall up to 32 [35]), spherical,
<quantity id="4CDB8BF00A21FFA0FC7570300367FEEC" box="[927,1054,260,284]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="3.6322" metricValueMin="2.7178" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="125.0" valueMax="143.0" valueMin="107.0">107–143 in</quantity>
diameter [106–135]; equatorial to pre-equatorial (at 42–50% [41–48%] of length of mature segment from anterior margin). Vas deferens forms numerous loops anterolateral to cirrus-sac, cirrus unarmed, opening into genital atrium (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FB99707803BEFE94" box="[1139,1223,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Genital pore dorsal, sub-median, pre-equatorial (at 8–12% [4–10%] of length of mature segment from anterior margin), enlarging in gravid segments (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FE9070A006B4FE5C" box="[378,461,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A21FFA0FF2370830679FD74" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Ovary asymmetrical, elongated or V-shaped, lobulate, 41–143 [131–213] long by 135–394 [186–251] wide (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FF7570E8078AFE04" box="[159,243,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Vagina a straight, thin-walled tube, with sac-like extension in proximal part, 64–83 [44–60] long by 23– 52 [26–27] wide, opens posterior to cirrus-sac into genital atrium; vaginal sphincter absent (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FB4970CB038EFDE7" box="[1187,1271,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Vitelline follicles numerous, small, spherical, 10–25 [30–45] long by 17–35 [25–30] wide, cortical, form 2 wide longitudinal bands confluent between segments, separated medially, rarely connected by several follicles in postovarian region (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FF757358078AFD74" box="[159,243,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A21FFA0FF2373BB059DFD1F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Uterine duct forms numerous tightly coiled loops, filled with eggs, enlarged in gravid segments. Uterine pore thick-walled, opens slightly posterior to midlength of uterus. Eggs oval, thin-walled, operculate, unembryonated, 38–46 [45–50] long by 27–30 [32–33] wide (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FD7B73E305AFFD1F" box="[657,726,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339759E0A21FFA0FF2373C807B5F94C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A21FFA0FF2373C804C7FC54" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FF2373C80646FCE4" bold="true" box="[201,319,764,788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks:</emphasis>
This tapeworm was described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FD2273C80416FCE4" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[712,879,764,788]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Helminthology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="371 - 379" part="45" refId="ref24624" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 b) Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835). Journal of Helminthology, 45, 371 - 379." title="Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835)" type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">Khalil (1971b)</bibRefCitation>
from
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A21FFA0FC5D73C80351FCE4" box="[951,1064,764,788]" name="Sudan" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
and placed in a newly proposed genus
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FF0A7214055FFCC7" authority="Khalil, 1971" authorityName="Khalil" authorityYear="1971" box="[224,550,799,824]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Ichthybothrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FF0A721406F4FCC8" box="[224,397,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ichthybothrium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FE7F722B055FFCC7" author="Khalil, L. F." bookContentInfo="80 pp." box="[405,550,799,823]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref24591" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 a) Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, England, 80 pp." title="Check list of the helminth parasites of African freshwater fish" type="book" year="1971">Khalil, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. It is characterized by a lanceolate scolex, which is narrower than the anterior end of the strobila (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FE9D727006BEFCAC" box="[375,455,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FE3F72700688FCAC" box="[469,497,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">13</figureCitation>
) and possesses shallow bothria, but no apical disc. The strobila has weakly developed segmentation and its large proportion (more than 90% in some specimens) consists of immature proglottides without genital complexes (called “pregenital region” by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FCF072B804C8FC54" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[794,945,908,932]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Helminthology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="371 - 379" part="45" refId="ref24624" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 b) Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835). Journal of Helminthology, 45, 371 - 379." title="Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835)" type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">Khalil 1971b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A21FFA0FF23729B038EFB18" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Specimens recently collected near the
<typeStatus id="549898B70A21FFA0FD9E728505DDFC39" box="[628,676,945,969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
locality differ markedly from the
<typeStatus id="549898B70A21FFA0FBF572850336FC39" box="[1055,1103,945,969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
specimens in the shape of the segments and number of genital complexes per segment, with duplication or even triplication of genital complexes (proglottides) within mature and gravid segments (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FD0F72C304ACFBFF" author="Kuchta, R. &amp; Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A." box="[741,981,1015,1040]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kuchta" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="81 - 136" part="71" refId="ref24960" refString="Kuchta, R., Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A. (2008 b) Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera. Systematic Parasitology, 71, 81 - 136." title="Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
Kuchta
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FCA972CD0401FBE0" box="[835,888,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
. 2008b
</bibRefCitation>
). Marked differences in the size of the worms may be influenced by crowding effect, because worms in more heavily infected hosts (intensity of infection 8–35 worms) are smaller (maximum length 6.2 cm) and consist of just a few mature and gravid segments, which are longer than wide (length/width ratio 1.08–1.96: 1) and usually contain only one genital complex (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FB14755002EDFB8C" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[1278,1428,1124,1148]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Helminthology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="371 - 379" part="45" refId="ref24624" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 b) Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835). Journal of Helminthology, 45, 371 - 379." title="Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835)" type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">Khalil 1971b</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FF7575BC078AFB50" box="[159,243,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). In contrast, tapeworms from mono- or light infections are up to
<quantity id="4CDB8BF00A21FFA0FC0975BC0353FB50" box="[995,1066,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
long, their strobila is formed by numerous mature and gravid segments, which are much wider than long (length/width ratio 0.08–0.24: 1), and each of them contains two or even three genital complexes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FD1675E404A7FB18" author="Kuchta, R. &amp; Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A." box="[764,990,1232,1256]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kuchta" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="81 - 136" part="71" refId="ref24960" refString="Kuchta, R., Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A. (2008 b) Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera. Systematic Parasitology, 71, 81 - 136." title="Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
Kuchta
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FCBF75E504FEFB18" box="[853,903,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
. 2008b
</bibRefCitation>
; present study) (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FB7D75E40393FB18" box="[1175,1258,1232,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1875,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1392,968,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,954,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 14. Line drawings. 12, Detail of genital complex of gravid segment, dorsal view, eggs not illustrated, type specimen of Bothriocephalus kivuensis Baer &amp; Fain, 1958 (= B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934) ex Barbus altianalis from Democratic Republic of the Congo (MHNG 40332). 13, 14, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from the Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 13, Complete worm with single genital complex per segment. 14, Mature segment with double genital complexes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A21FFA0FF2375C005A7FA14" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FF2375C00617FAFC" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[201,366,1268,1292]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Helminthology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="371 - 379" part="45" refId="ref24624" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 b) Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835). Journal of Helminthology, 45, 371 - 379." title="Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835)" type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">Khalil (1971b)</bibRefCitation>
correctly reported the cortical position of vitelline follicles in the diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FB0A75C10213FAFC" box="[1248,1386,1268,1292]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Ichthybothrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ichthybori">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FB0A75C10390FAFC" box="[1248,1257,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">I</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FB1D75C00213FAFC" box="[1271,1386,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ichthybori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but erroneously described vitelline follicles to be medullary in the diagnosis of the genus. The surface of the scolex and strobila was studied using SEM for the first time and a uniform pattern of capilliform filitriches was observed.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FF7D74540647FA88" author="Khalil, L. F." box="[151,318,1376,1400]" firstAuthor="Khalil" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Helminthology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="371 - 379" part="45" refId="ref24624" refString="Khalil, L. F. (1971 b) Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835). Journal of Helminthology, 45, 371 - 379." title="Ichthybothrium ichthybori gen. et sp. nov. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the African freshwater fish Ichthyborus besse (Joannis, 1835)" type="journal article" year="1971" yearSuffix="b">Khalil (1971b)</bibRefCitation>
also reported the presence of “minute hair-like processes” on the scolex and “long hair-like processes” around the uterine pore, which may also represent capilliform filitriches (
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FBAC74B003F7FA6C" box="[1094,1166,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). However, tumuliform globular structures commonly observed in many bothriocephalideans (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FC2E749C03C9FA30" author="Kuchta, R. &amp; Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A." box="[964,1200,1448,1472]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kuchta" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="81 - 136" part="71" refId="ref24960" refString="Kuchta, R., Scholz, T. &amp; Bray, R. A. (2008 b) Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera. Systematic Parasitology, 71, 81 - 136." title="Revision of the order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz, Brabec &amp; Bray, 2008 (Eucestoda) with amended generic diagnoses and keys to families and genera" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
Kuchta
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FBCB749D0324FA30" box="[1057,1117,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
2008b
</bibRefCitation>
), including all other studied species, are missing in
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FE1874F90505FA14" box="[498,636,1484,1508]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Ichthybothrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ichthybori">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FE1874F90682FA14" box="[498,507,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">I</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FDE374F80505FA14" box="[521,636,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ichthybori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13183A900A21FFA0FD6174F805A9FA14" box="[651,720,1484,1508]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[194,1398,185,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[194,1399,185,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Scanning electron micrographs of the scoleces and the body surface. 1, 2, 4, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 ex Labeobarbus nedgia from Ethiopia (MHNG 55310). 1, 2, Scolex, dorsoventral and sublateral views. 4, Surface of apical region of scolex. 3, 6, 9, Ichthybothrium ichthybori Khalil, 1971 ex Ichthyborus besse from Sudan (IPCAS C- 455). 3, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 6, Surface of apical region of scolex. 9, Detail of operculum of egg. 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, Kirstenella gordoni (Woodland, 1937) ex Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Kenya (IPCAS C- 609). 5, Surface of apical region of scolex. 7, Scolex, dorsoventral view. 8, Scolex, apical view. 10, Mature segment, ventral view. 11, Detail of operculum of egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280993/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C26150A21FFA0FF2374C407B5F94C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FF2374C40689F9F8" box="[201,496,1520,1544]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Ichthybothrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ichthybori">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FF2374C40689F9F8" box="[201,496,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ichthybothrium ichthybori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rather frequent parasite of
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FCA574C40361F9F8" box="[847,1048,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Distichodontidae" genus="Ichthyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="besse">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FCA574C40361F9F8" box="[847,1048,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ichthyborus besse</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with high prevalence of infection (50–67%) and a relatively high intensity of infection. However, its fish host is rare and thus only a limited number of records of this tapeworm exist in the literature. Examination of several slides with immature cestodes designated as “immature
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FEDE77680694F984" box="[308,493,1628,1652]" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Bothriocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bothriocephalidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FEDE77680694F984" box="[308,493,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bothriocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” from
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FDD47768042FF984" box="[574,854,1628,1652]" family="Distichodontidae" genus="Neoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FDD47768042FF984" box="[574,854,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Neoborus quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FC97776803D4F984" box="[893,1197,1628,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Distichodontidae" genus="Ichthyborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FC97776803D4F984" box="[893,1197,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ichthyborus quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) collected by W.N.F. Woodland in
<collectingCountry id="F33466850A21FFA0FEC477B406C7F968" box="[302,446,1664,1688]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
(BMNH 1977.3.28.147–179) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB25BE40A21FFA0FCF177B404A9F968" author="Woodland, W. N. F." box="[795,976,1664,1688]" firstAuthor="Woodland" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="931 - 937" part="106" refId="ref27746" refString="Woodland, W. N. F. (1936) Some cestodes from Sierra Leone. I. On Wenyonia longicauda sp. n. and Proteocephalus bivitellatus sp. n. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B, 106, 931 - 937." title="Some cestodes from Sierra Leone. I. On Wenyonia longicauda sp. n. and Proteocephalus bivitellatus sp" type="journal article" year="1936">Woodland 1936</bibRefCitation>
) has shown that they belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C235D960A21FFA0FADC77B507BFF94C" class="Cestoda" family="Bothriocephalidae" genus="Ichthybothrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudophyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ichthybori">
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FADC77B50246F968" box="[1334,1343,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">I</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B957FA070A21FFA0FAA477B407BFF94C" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ichthybori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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